Village Level Research Articles

The impact of the reform of rural collective property rights system on villagers' public participation: An empirical study based on CRRS 2020 data.

The reform of rural collective property rights system is of great significance for protecting the collective asset rights and interests of villagers, activating rural resource elements, and achieving rural revitalization. This study is based on 284 village committee questionnaires and 7451 villager questionnaires from 10 provinces in China, and uses multi-layer linear regression models to explore the impact of the reform of rural collective property rights system on villagers' public participation. Research has found that:(1) the reform of rural collective property rights system that has been completed at the rural level can significantly enhance the public participation of villagers, including total participation (β = 0.102, p ≤ 0.1), interest expression (β = 0.044, p ≤ 0.1), and election voting (β = 0.076, p ≤ 0.05). However, the impact on volunteer service is not significant (β = -0.004, p>0.1); (2)mechanism analysis shows that the reform can reduce the probability of migration for work, and thus enhance the level of public participation; (3)heterogeneity analysis reveals that the reform has a greater impact on the villagers' public participation in suburban villages and villages with better collective economy; (4)further analysis discovers that villagers have heard that reform can significantly enhance their public participation. This study comprehensively explores the spillover effects of the reform at the village level on public participation at the individual level through the use of more accurate measurement indicators, empirical analysis methods, and large-scale authoritative data, providing strong support for proposing strategies to promote villages' public participation.

Exploring the Interplay of Land Use Transformation and Its Environmental Impacts: A Case Study of Sonipat District, Haryana

Land use transformations in Sonipat District, Haryana, driven by urbanization, industrialization, and land acquisitions, have posed significant ecological and socio-economic challenges, particularly concerning food security. This study investigates the interplay between these land use changes and their environmental implications at macro (district) and micro (village) levels, focusing on agricultural productivity and resource sustainability. The study employs a mixed-method approach, integrating secondary data from official datasets and primary data gathered through structured household surveys, focus group discussions, and visual analysis techniques. Data from 20 villages, selected based on predominant land use characteristics, were analysed using statistical and geospatial tools, including ArcGIS and STATA, to quantify food grain losses and evaluate environmental degradation. Findings of this study reveal a 19% reduction in agricultural land over two decades (2000–2024), correlating with increased residential and industrial areas. Groundwater resources face severe overexploitation, with pollution from industrial clusters further degrading water and soil quality. The study estimates a total food grain loss of 1.5 million kilograms across surveyed villages due to land acquisitions. A strong positive correlation (R² = 0.98) between land acquisition and food loss underscores the direct impact of urbanization on agricultural output. The research underscores the urgency of sustainable land management practices, including preserving agricultural lands, optimizing groundwater usage, and enhancing community involvement in planning. By addressing these challenges, the study advocates for balanced urban expansion and food security to ensure ecological and economic resilience in the region.

The Paradox of Love of Money and Ethical Culture: Seeking New Insights into Fraud Prevention at The Village Level

This study investigates the influence of Love of Money, individual morality, and organizational ethical culture on the tendency of fraud among village officials managing finances in the South Dampal District. The study involved purposive sampling, with 104 respondents who were directly responsible for financial management in villages. Primary data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression with the Partial Least Square (SmartPLS) application version 4. The findings indicate that Love of Money has no significant effect on the tendency of fraud, while individual morality negatively influences fraud tendency. In contrast, organizational ethical culture does not show a measurable impact. This research contributes to the development of theoretical frameworks by integrating Love of Money, individual morality, and organizational ethical culture as parameters for assessing fraud propensity in village financial management. Practically, the study offers valuable insights for stakeholders and policymakers in enhancing oversight mechanisms to ensure integrity and professionalism in financial management. By fostering ethical culture and reinforcing individual morality among village officials, fraudulent practices in village finances can be minimized. The results underscore the need for continuous oversight and awareness programs to safeguard the ethical and moral dimensions of financial management processes, thereby promoting transparency and accountability in village administrations.

Village funds and village-level of economic growth: A case study in Pamekasan

Village funds have become a significant strategy in the government's efforts to improve economic development at the village level, and village funds play a role in encouraging equitable village economic growth in Pamekasan Regency but still require a more in-depth evaluation. This research is based on the condition of even village economic growth in Pamekasan Regency villages, which is still below the average of 29.53. A study aims to analyze the relationship and how much influence there is between village funds, poverty-free villages, developing village index, and villages without disparity on the increase in the economic growth score of the village equally. The data collection technique is a documentation technique sourced from the Ministry of Villages, Development of Disadvantaged Regions and Transmigration. The method used in this study is multiple linear regression. The study results show that the increase in the economic growth score of the village is evenly responded to positively by villages without poverty and without inequality. On the other hand, the increase in the economic growth score of the village is responded negatively by the village fund because the higher the economic growth score of the village is even, the village fund budget will be reduced. After all, the welfare of the community begins to be achieved. The implication of the study is to provide input for related agencies and village communities in increasing the score of equitable village economic growth in Pamekasan Regency villages.

Mitigation of regional poverty in East Kalimantan: A village level panel data analysis

Poverty is a specific problem so that programs that pay attention to spatial or demographic aspects are crucial to being able to create programs that are right on target in alleviating poverty. Apart from looking at demographic factors, we also analyze technological and institutional factors. This research aims to develop a Regional Poverty Mitigation Model in the province of East Kalimantan. This model is designed to provide a comprehensive framework for understanding and addressing poverty in the region. The focus of this research is specifically on the problem of poverty in the province of East Kalimantan. The data used in this study is the latest data from the 2021 Village Potential (Podes) of East Kalimantan province, which includes 1039 villages. The method used in this study is a quantitative analysis method using panel data which is then performed regression. The results show that geographical variables (regional areas and bordering the sea) have a negative and significant relationship to poverty in East Kalimantan, and technology has a positive and significant relationship to poverty in East Kalimantan. In addition, institutions (health and education) have a positive and significant relationship to poverty in East Kalimantan.

PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI KELUARGA: WORKSHOP MANAJEMEN KEUANGAN BERSAMA PKK DESA MAYONG LOR JEPARA

Good financial management within families is essential for improving community welfare, especially at the village level. This community service program aimed to empower families economically through a financial management workshop conducted in collaboration with the Women’s Family Welfare Program (PKK) of Mayong Lor Village, Jepara. The program involved 30 active PKK members and employed structured training methods coupled with continuous mentoring. Data collection was carried out through pre-tests and post-tests, observations, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation over a three-month period.The results of the program demonstrated a 65% increase in participants’ financial literacy, with 85% of participants routinely maintaining financial records. Behavioral changes in financial management were indicated by 75% of participants establishing regular savings, 60% successfully separating business and household finances, and 45% beginning to invest. This community service initiative has proven that a community-based economic empowerment model, integrating financial literacy, business development, and strengthening local capacities, is effective in improving family welfare at the village level.

Klasterisasi Peserta KB Aktif di Desa Kalirejo Lawang Menggunakan Metode K-Means

The Family Planning (KB) program in Kalirejo Lawang Village faces challenges in the process of clustering active participants, which is time-consuming and prone to errors. Based on these challenges, a clustering solution using the K-Means algorithm was proposed. Experiments were conducted by testing the number of clusters from 2 to 8 and evaluating them using the silhouette score. The results of the study showed that the optimal number of clusters is two, as indicated by a silhouette score of 0.447. This value represents the best clustering quality compared to other cluster numbers, where the scores for clusters 3 to 8 did not exceed this value. This demonstrates that clustering into two groups provides the most optimal results. Lower scores for clusters 3 to 8 indicate that dividing the clusters into more groups did not create clear separations or worsened the cohesion within clusters. The conclusion of this study shows that the K-Means method can be applied and is reliable for clustering active KB participants in Kalirejo Lawang Village. With its speed and accuracy, K-Means offers a significant solution to improving the efficiency of the KB program at the village level. The practical implication of this research is to provide a more structured basis for planning and decision-making in the KB program at the village level. These findings mark an important step in optimizing the management of KB program data, opening opportunities for broader implementation in other areas.

Landslide disaster mitigation in Sawahlunto City

The research aims to analyze the implementation of landslide disaster mitigation in Sawahlunto. Motivated by the high risk of landslides in Sawahlunto. Efforts are needed to reduce the risk of landslides by implementing the theory used of W.N. Carter’s theory of non-structural and structural disaster mitigation. The method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques using interviews, documentation, and observation. This is concluded that the implementation of landslide disaster mitigation in Sawahlunto has been running, but the implementation has not been optimal. Several things, non-structural, cause this: In the legal framework, a lack of understanding of policies that contain appropriate mitigation as well as the role of each agency or institution; the disaster risk reduction forum (FPRB) has been formed at the level, but at the village level only has a disaster preparedness group (KSB); the lack of implementation of disaster mitigation measures by the community. Structural disaster mitigation activities are still inadequate, as seen from the unavailability of vertical evacuation buildings. Efforts that can be made to support the implementation of landslide disaster mitigation in Sawahlunto include reviewing mitigation policy documents, increasing the capacity of FPRB, and collaborating with various parties to support the implementation of disaster mitigation.

Reconsideration of Local Government at Village Level: A Legal Study 

Reconsideration of Local Government at Village Level: A Legal Study 

Design of Strengthening in Agile Governance: Efforts to Develop the Tourism Sector Sustainably in Dayun Sub-District, Siak Regency

Historically, the government and local communities have long sought to develop the tourism sector so that sustainable development goals are actively pursued for the development of the tourism sector at the village and sub-district levels. This study examines the urgency of agile governance in developing the tourism sector in Dayun District, Siak Regency. This study was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method from relevant primary and secondary data sources, then analyzed using NVivo12 Plus software to answer the research questions. Based on the analysis results, this study concludes that agile governance is a crucial component that must be applied to sustainably develop the tourism sector in Dayun District, Siak Regency. Handling forest and land fire disasters can be combined with ecotourism activities in tourist village areas using the principles of agile governance, which include the development of regional information systems, the development of business-oriented community facilities, increasing community participation in tourism governance, and emphasizing the rapid resolution of problems that arise.

ANALYSIS OF THE QUALITY OF VILLAGE-LEVEL CIVIL ADMINISTRATION SERVICES THROUGH THE POPULATION REGISTRATION INFORMATION SYSTEM (SIREP) BY THE TEGAL REGENCY CIVIL REGISTRY SERVICE

Public services provided by the government to the community must be adjusted to the conditions and needs of the community. The differences in conditions of the community results in diverse services provided by the government. Thus, the Tegal Regency Civil Registry Office made an innovation called the Sistem Informasi Registrasi Penduduk (SIPREP/Population Registration Information System). This research aims to find out about the service quality of civil administration services at the village level through SIREP. The research method used is qualitative descriptive with an inductive approach. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, and documentation. To analyze service quality, Sinambela’s theory was used with 6 dimensions of excellent service including transparency, accountability, conditional, participatory, equal rights, and balance of rights and obligations. Based on the analysys results, it was clear that the civil administration services at the village level through SIREP managed by the Tegal Regency Civil Registry Service had been running well. However, there were several inhibiting factors, namely limited human resources, lack of public awareness regarding orderly civil administration, and inadequate facilities and infrastructure in village offices so that services could not be provided in all villages in Tegal Regency. Keywords: Services, Civil Administration, SIREP

Polarisasi Politik Antara Kepala Desa dengan Penyelenggara Pemilu

This research aims to explore the process of political polarization between village heads and election organizers in Bangkalan Regency in the 2024 elections. Through this research, researchers want to explore how factors such as traditional patronage at the village level can create polarization of interests both in the process of forming PPS, KPPS and PKD, PTPS which boils down to personal interests and group interests. The research method used in this research is a qualitative approach with a case study through interview techniques, observation and documentation studies. The results of this study show that political polarization between village heads and election organizers. Vulnerability to political intervention has occurred in Bangkalan Regency, and efforts to avoid it require complex steps. To minimize the problem, several strategic efforts are needed, namely: a) Increasing the awareness of all parties involved. b) Maximizing the role of the village head in carrying out his duties as a policy maker at the village level, c) Increasing public participation and awareness of elections. With the implementation of these measures, the integrity of elections can be improved and public confidence in election results can be maintained.

The Effectiveness of Policy Implementation for the Development of Disaster-Resilient Tourism by the Padang City Government

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of disaster-resilient tourism development policies carried out by the Padang City Government. The research was conducted in 11 districts in Padang City, with informants being stakeholders who play a key role in the implementation of this policy, such as the Mayor of Padang, the Regional Secretary of Padang City, the Padang City Council, the Padang City Tourism Office, the Padang City BPBD, members of the Balawisata Padang, members of Pokdarwis Padang, the Board of the Disaster Risk Reduction Forum (FPRB) Padang, members of the Disaster Alert Group (KSB), as well as Non-Governmental Organizations involved in the implementation of this policy, such as the Tsunami Alert Community (Kogami) Padang, and the Disaster Alert Cadets (Tagana) Padang, Districts and Villages under the policy’s supervision, as well as the communities in the target areas of this policy.The research method used is descriptive qualitative, with informant selection using purposive sampling techniques, combining data from observations, interviews, and documentation, and interpreting both etic and emic data in an integrated manner. The results of this study conclude that overall, the implementation of the disaster-resilient tourism development policy by the Padang City Government has been carried out but is not yet effective. This is due to several factors, such as the lack of regulations and derivative documents that can serve as guidelines, which has caused stakeholders and the community to be hesitant and passive in implementing the policy. Furthermore, in terms of integration, the lack of communication and coordination between policy implementers at the city level and stakeholders at the district and village levels has resulted in a relationship pattern that does not align with what was initially planned. Regarding the adaptation instrument, the limited facilities and infrastructure owned by the village and district offices have caused the policy implementation to stagnate in these areas.

Implementation of the Child-Friendly Regency Program in Fulfilling Children's Rights in Belitung Regency

The implementation of the Child-Friendly District (KLA) Program is a strategic initiative by the government to ensure the fulfillment of children's rights in a safe and supportive environment. Belitung District, despite achieving the Madya level KLA status in 2023, still faces several issues related to violations of children's rights. This study aims to provide an in-depth overview of the implementation of the KLA Program in Belitung District, focusing on the aspects of communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure.The study employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive design. Purposive sampling techniques were used to select informants, including technical program implementers from district to village levels and relevant program beneficiaries. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, document studies, and focus group discussions (FGDs).The results of the study indicate that the communication aspect is still suboptimal, particularly in the socialization of the program to implementers at sub-district and village levels. The resource aspect also requires improvement, as there are still implementers who lack understanding of KLA indicators, shortages of facilities and infrastructure, limited coordination among implementers, and insufficient program funding. The bureaucratic structure aspect reveals that the Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for program implementation are not yet fully understood by all implementers. Based on these findings, this study proposes a program called "Capacity Building for KLA Program Implementers Through Time to Sharing for KLA" to address the identified challenges.

Legal Dilemma in Navigable River Water Pollution: Consequences of Garbage and Baby Diaper Disposal

The pollution of shipping river water due to the disposal of garbage and baby diapers in Tawangsari Village, Sidoarjo Regency, has created a legal dilemma regarding the implementation of existing regulations. Although there are various national and regional regulations regarding waste management, their implementation in the field is still very limited. The research method used is normative juridical law with an empirical approach supported by accidental sampling techniques on eleven residents of Tawangsari Village. The results showed that, many people still do not comply with their obligations and responsibilities in waste management. In addition, weak law enforcement and the lack of waste management facilities at the village level exacerbate the condition. Legal dilemmas arise due to the mismatch between the existence of regulations and the reality on the ground, as well as the inability to balance the provision of appropriate sanctions with community capacity building. This shows that the legal responsibility of both the government and the community has not been maximized. In conclusion, strengthening law enforcement, increasing public awareness, and developing better waste management infrastructure are needed to overcome this legal dilemma. The recommendations of this research are to tighten supervision, provide strict sanctions, and increase education about waste management to the community.

GAMBARAN TUGAS DAN TANGGUNG JAWAB BIDAN DESA SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS CIMAREME

The COVID-19 pandemic which started at the end of 2019 has had a major impact on various sectors, including the health sector in Indonesia. One group of health workers who are greatly affected are Village Midwives, who play an important role in Maternal and Child Health (KIA) services. During the pandemic, Village Midwives were faced with a double challenge, namely providing MCH services and playing a role in handling COVID-19 at the village level. With social restrictions and changes in health service policies, their duties and responsibilities have become more complex and difficult. This research aims to explore the duties and responsibilities of Village Midwives during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research uses a qualitative research method with a phenomenological approach. The subjects in this research were 5 village midwives who worked in the Cimareme Community Health Center working area. This research was analyzed manually using mixed inductive and deductive data analysis. The results of this research are that during the COVID-19 pandemic, Cimareme Community Health Center Village Midwives received additional duties in handling COVID-19 cases, namely tracing, testing, treatment, recording and reporting. The conclusion of this research is that during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Cimareme Community Health Center Village Midwife faced dual duties and responsibilities, namely carrying out MCH services and handling COVID-19 cases. The researcher's suggestion is that there is a need for further research using mixed methods and increasing the number of informants in order to provide a more comprehensive picture.

Innovation of Zakat Literacy Program to Optimize Zakat Funds at BAZNAS Province and BAZNAS Central Lombok Regency Indonesia

This study aims to reveal the innovation of the zakat literacy program to optimize the zakat fund in BAZNAS of Central Lombok Province and BAZNAS of Central Lombok Regency, NTB. The research findings show that the innovation of the zakat literacy program by building an online service system (Qris, zakat calculator, digital Zakat, digital ink, and digital urban), restructuring the service system and institutionalizing UPZ-UPZ at the village level. As for the challenges in developing the infrastructure of an online-based service system, the public perception still views Baznas as a zakat collection institution. In contrast, the solution, the two Baznas institutions have strengthened the online service system, partnership networks, and UPZ-UPZ Villages through the Friday Movement program Sedekah Seribu, environment-based zakat zoning mapping, environment-based zakat collection teams, and forming village-level amil.

The Impact of ICT on Regional Economy in Indonesia Through MSEs as Mediators: Application of Causal Mediation Analysis in Instrumental-variable Regressions

Introduction/Main Objectives: The development of information and communication technology (ICT) and small and micro enterprises (SMEs) can encourage regional economic growth. Background Problems: Studies on the impact of ICT on the rural economy at the village level are very limited. Furthermore, the Indonesian study neglects to tackle the endogeneity issue associated with this variable and the indirect effects of ICT on the regional economy. Novelty: Using SMEs as a mediator, this study examines the impact of ICT (internet signal strength) on the village's local economy (nighttime light), both directly and indirectly. ICT is considered to be endogenous. Research Methods: This study employs causal mediation analysis in instrumental-variable (IV) regressions at the village level in 2018 and 2021, using lightning strike intensity as IV. Finding/Results: Internet signal strength can increase the number of SMEs, and this increase can positively and significantly impact the local economy. In addition, the direct impact of internet signal strength on the local economy is significantly negative. However, the total impact of internet signal strength is significantly positive.

Pengolahan Sampah Organik Konsep Pentahelix Menuju Ekonomi Desa Berkelanjutan

The Central Statistics Agency (BPS) recorded Indonesia's poverty rate at 26.36 million people in 2022, an increase of 0.04 million compared to the previous year. Poverty is an issue that must be addressed to achieve sustainable development (SDGs), particularly SDG 1, which aims to eradicate poverty. Organic waste is a potential resource in rural areas that can be economically utilized, creating business opportunities and jobs at the village level. This study explores PRODEKTIF (Productive Village Program), focusing on optimizing organic waste management through the Pentahelix concept to accelerate sustainable rural economic development. The research employs a qualitative approach using case study methods involving active participation from village communities, local governments, businesses, educational institutions, and community organizations in program development. The results show that increasing community productivity through the PRODEKTIF program promotes sustainable rural economic development by implementing the Pentahelix concept, which engages five key stakeholders: government, businesses, educational institutions, community organizations, and the community itself. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a reference for governments, educational institutions, and communities in developing similar programs focused on organic waste management and rural economic empowerment.

Digital Transformation in Villages: A Policy Implementation Approach in Kajowair Village, Nusa Tenggara Timur

The digital transformation of public services in rural areas represents a pivotal effort in bridging the urban-rural divide, yet its implementation faces unique challenges at the micro level. This study examines the policy implementation of the Village Management and Service Information System (Simpeldesa) in Kajowair Village, Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT), highlighting its distinct approaches compared to other villages. Employing a qualitative descriptive method, this research engaged 15 key participants, including village leaders, administrative officials, and community members. Data collection encompassed in-depth interviews, direct observations of Simpeldesa operations, document analysis, and literature reviews. Findings reveal that Simpeldesa implementation demonstrates a commitment to digital transformation, with strong disposition from village officials and strategic bureaucratic structures fostering effective coordination. However, challenges remain, particularly in communication and infrastructure. Limited program socialization and reliance on orbit-based internet coverage impede broader community engagement and optimal service delivery. Despite these obstacles, the allocation of substantial resources and the program’s initial success—evidenced by 50% progress in administrative data integration—underscore the potential of Simpeldesa to improve rural governance. This study contributes to the theoretical development of policy implementation by emphasizing the role of communication, resource allocation, disposition, and simplified bureaucratic structures in the success of digital transformation at the village level. Practical recommendations include enhancing community outreach and expanding infrastructure support to ensure inclusive and sustainable digitalization. The findings provide a framework for other rural areas seeking to adopt similar innovations, advancing both theoretical and practical discourse in social and human sciences.