View Photographs Research Articles

The effect of the tongue in groove technique on the nasolabial angle and nasal tip projection

BackgroundThe tongue in groove technique (TIG) is a useful technique for the correction of the nasal tip projection and the nasolabial angle. The purpose of this study was to determine the utility of this technique for nasal tip rotation and projection correction in the Iranian society.MethodsThis is a retrospective clinical trial study of 20 patients undergoing open septo-rhinoplasty using TIG technique from January 2017 to August 2019 at the oral and maxillofacial unit of Bu Ali Hospital and private sector. Preoperative and postoperative profile view photographs were compared to assess the changes in tip projection and rotation.ResultsFifteen patients (75%) had normal angular size, and 5 of them (25%) were not within the normal range after the surgery. The Fisher exact test showed that this success was statistically significant (P = 0.006). Ten patients (50%) had normal projection size, postoperatively. The Fisher exact test showed that this effect was statistically significant (P < 0.01)ConclusionThe study demonstrated the benefit of TIG on the correction of nasal tip projection and rotation.

Sail excision technique for overhanging thick ala in Saudi Arabia.

Objectives:To demonstrate the correction of overhanging alar with the vestibular triangular excision technique using preoperative and postoperative photographs.Methods:This descriptive retrospective study was conducted at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Fifty patients who underwent open rhinoplasty with the vestibular triangular excision technique were retrospectively assessed. Preoperative and postoperative photographs were examined to evaluate the alar-columellar relationship. Patients included had undergone either primary or revision rhinoplasties between January 2013 and March 2018 and had a thick hanging alar with a grade IV Gunter’s rating for alar-columellar discrepancies. Patient outcomes and satisfaction were subjectively assessed using the rhinoplasty outcome evaluation (ROE) scale and visual analog scale (VAS) by independent analysis of the right lateral, left lateral, and frontal view photographs by 2 rhinoplasty surgeons, both preoperatively and 1-year postoperatively. Statistical significance was calculated by Wilcoxon signed-rank tests.Results:Patients’ ages ranged from 18 to 37 years (mean, 26.34). The study included 22 men (44%) and 28 women (56%). Mean preoperative and postoperative ROE scores were 10.12 and 19.3 and VAS scores 5.14 and 7.94. P-values for preoperative and postoperative comparison of both ROE and VAS were statistically significant (p=0.001).Conclusion:Caring of alar soft tissue during rhinoplasty is important to correct overhanging alar to improve nasal appearance and patient satisfaction. The sail excision technique is reliable and simple and provides good patient satisfaction.

Evaluation of Divine Proportions in Face and Smile of Patients With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate.

The facial view of patients with cleft lip and palate greatly affects their psychological well-being and usually leads to introspection. The aim of this study was to compare the face and smile of cleft lip and palate patients and normal population with divine proportion. In this retrospective study, 20 female patients (14-25 years) with unilateral cleft lip and palate, who referred to Orthodontic Department of Mashhad School of Dentistry, were selected. The control group consisted of 10 normal female persons with ideal face and normal occlusion. After scanning photographs of full face, profile, and smile views of them, the divine proportions were measured by Photoshop software. Then the data were entered into SPSS software version 22 and analyzed using 2 sample independent t test. P value less than 0.05 were considered as significant. In the study group all proportions were significantly less than the golden proportion. Ls-Rcus/Rch-Rcus and Ls-Lcus/Lch-Lcus had the least difference and Sn-Sm/N-Sn and Sn-Sm/Sm-Me had the most. In the control group, all proportions except Ls-Lcus/Lch-Lcus and Ls-Rcus/Rch-Rcus, were less than the golden proportion. Sn-Sm/N-Sn had the most difference and N-Sn/Sm-Me had the least.Approximately all proportions in cleft patients were significantly different from normal population. Ls-Lcus/Lch-Lcus had the highest difference between study and control group; however, Tr-Sn/Tr-Me in both groups were equal. The differences between facial indices in cleft lip and palate patients, normal people and golden proportion were significant. As facial proportions of normal people in the authors' study were also different from divine proportions, the authors can conclude that to reach acceptable esthetic results, the authors can approximate patients to normal populations. Unfortunately, the patients with large bone defects, cannot reach to the "esthetic" divine proportion even after reconstructive surgery.

Toward an Automatic System for Computer-Aided Assessment in Facial Palsy.

Importance: Quantitative assessment of facial function is challenging, and subjective grading scales such as House-Brackmann, Sunnybrook, and eFACE have well-recognized limitations. Machine learning (ML) approaches to facial landmark localization carry great clinical potential as they enable high-throughput automated quantification of relevant facial metrics from photographs and videos. However, the translation from research settings to clinical application still requires important improvements. Objective: To develop a novel ML algorithm for fast and accurate localization of facial landmarks in photographs of facial palsy patients and utilize this technology as part of an automated computer-aided diagnosis system. Design, Setting, and Participants: Portrait photographs of 8 expressions obtained from 200 facial palsy patients and 10 healthy participants were manually annotated by localizing 68 facial landmarks in each photograph and by 3 trained clinicians using a custom graphical user interface. A novel ML model for automated facial landmark localization was trained using this disease-specific database. Algorithm accuracy was compared with manual markings and the output of a model trained using a larger database consisting only of healthy subjects. Main Outcomes and Measurements: Root mean square error normalized by the interocular distance (NRMSE) of facial landmark localization between prediction of ML algorithm and manually localized landmarks. Results: Publicly available algorithms for facial landmark localization provide poor localization accuracy when applied to photographs of patients compared with photographs of healthy controls (NRMSE, 8.56 ± 2.16 vs. 7.09 ± 2.34, p ≪ 0.01). We found significant improvement in facial landmark localization accuracy for the facial palsy patient population when using a model trained with a relatively small number photographs (1440) of patients compared with a model trained using several thousand more images of healthy faces (NRMSE, 6.03 ± 2.43 vs. 8.56 ± 2.16, p ≪ 0.01). Conclusions and Relevance: Retraining a computer vision facial landmark detection model with fewer than 1600 annotated images of patients significantly improved landmark detection performance in frontal view photographs of this population. The new annotated database and facial landmark localization model represent the first steps toward an automatic system for computer-aided assessment in facial palsy. Level of Evidence: 4.

Dynamic changes in nasal symmetry after presurgical nasoalveolar molding in infants with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate.

Background:Presurgical nasoalveolar molding (PNAM) technique gave a new perspective to presurgical infant orthopedics. Nasal reconstruction presents a challenge for the plastic surgeons in case of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). PNAM facilitates the reshaping of the nasal cartilage and molding of maxillary arch preoperatively. This therapy not only aids the surgical repair of lip but also enhances the overall postsurgical results with negligible postoperative scar.Aim:The aim of the study was to analyze nasal changes before and after PNAM in patients with complete UCLP.Materials and Methods:This was a retrospective review of 22 ULCP patients who underwent PNAM before lip surgeries. A series of standard basilar view photographs in 1:1 ratio were taken, and linear measurements were done directly on the photographs.Results:After PNAM therapy, there was highly significant increase in the nostril height, nostril dome height, and columella length (P < 0.001*) and highly significant reduction in the nostril width and nasal basal width (P < 0.001*).Conclusion:Significant improvement in the nasal symmetry was found after PNAM therapy in patients with complete UCLP.

Home Security against Human Intrusion using Raspberry Pi

Technology has changed the world. There is a huge growth in technology connected to almost every field. The pace and diversity of advancement is very rapid. Hence, new technology and techniques are coming up and are put to use as per the need. In such advanced scenario, providing security to home has also become a major point of concern. Presently security cameras can be used for the same. But such cameras may be visible to intruders and there is possibility that cameras may be damaged. Hence, in order to serve the purpose, there is a need to find an alternative secure, accurate and quick method. Hence, an effort is made in this paper to design a home security system using Raspberry Pi. System requires Raspberry Pi, Camera, Touch screen and android mobile as hardware components. Python, Node.js and OpenCV libraries are used for software coding. Usually most of the intrusion detection systems click the photo of intruders as soon as the human is detected. But, such systems fail to click photos, so that the intruder can be identified (Face View Photo) and visible. In proposed system, a proper illustrative method is proposed so that the intrusion detection is accurate and photos thus captured are clear, so that intruder is clearly visible. The proposed system is designed as a smart mirror which will provide both information and home security. The system is developed to accept touch and mobile commands. As soon as the intrusion is detected, an alert message along with the identifiable and clear photo (Face view) of intruder will be sent to the owner’s/administrator’s mobile. The mirror owner can also see the video of deployed environment through the camera fitted on smart mirror.

Does Better Media Literacy Protect Against the Desire for Tanned Skin and Propensity for Making Appearance Comparisons?

Media literacy interventions provide education about the way media influence attitudes to tanned skin and promote risky health-related behaviors (e.g., sun exposure). This study tested whether higher levels of media literacy can protect against the internalization of a tanned ideal and participation in appearance comparisons online. A total of 151 young Australians aged 18 to 29 years (61 males, 90 females) completed a measure of media literacy before being randomly assigned to view photos of models with either tanned ( n = 77) or pale skin ( n = 74) on social media. Participants completed measures of internalization of a tanned ideal and tendency to make appearance comparisons following exposure to the photos. There were significant negative relationships between level of media literacy skills and both internalization of a tanned ideal and appearance comparisons. Moreover, exposure to tanned models resulted in a higher tendency to make appearance comparisons than exposure to pale models. Results indicate that media literacy skills protect against skin cancer risk factors associated with media exposure. Future interventions to reduce skin cancer risk should address the role of social networking sites in proclaiming tanned skin as ideal and increase skepticism about photos of tanned models online.

Plagiocephaly after Neonatal Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip at School Age.

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) may require early abduction treatment with infants sleeping on their back for the first few months of life. As sleeping on back is known to cause deformational plagiocephaly, we assessed school age children treated for dislocation or subluxation of the hip-joint in infancy. Plagiocephaly was analyzed by using cephalic index (CI) and oblique cranial length ratio (OCLR) as anthropometric measurements from 2D digital vertex view photographs. Six of the 58 (10.3%) DDH children and only one of the 62 (1.6%) control children had plagiocephaly (p = 0.041). Furthermore, cross bite was found in 14 (24.1%) of the DDH children and in 7 (10.3%) of the control children. Developmental dysplasia of the hip in infancy was associated with cranial asymmetries and malocclusions at school age. Preventive measures should be implemented.

Photogrammetric Outcomes of Primary Nasal Correction in Unilateral Cleft Lip Patients: Early Childhood Results From a Single Surgeon's Experience.

Concerns of nonlasting results and potential nasal growth damage precluded cleft nasal correction at the time of initial cleft lip repair. Our goal was to evaluate the outcome of primary cleft nasal correction in our patients with unilateral cleft lip. A retrospective review of patients with complete and incomplete unilateral cleft lip who underwent primary cleft nasal correction from 2010 to 2017 by the same surgeon was performed. The cleft-to-noncleft nostril height, width, one-fourth medial part of nostril height, nasal sill height, and nostril area ratios, as well as inner nostril height-to-width ratios were determined from standard basilar view photographs taken in different time points (T1, <3 months; T2, 3-12 months; T3, 12-36 months; and T4, >36 months after surgery). A 5-point visual analog scale (1 = worst, 5 = best) was used to assess each patient's nose appearance. Seventy-two patients were identified (66.7% male, 51.3% with a complete cleft lip). Average visual analog scale scores T1-T4 were 3.88 ± 0.85, 3.72 ± 0.93, 3.54 ± 0.99, and 3.40 ± 0.71, respectively. Intraclass correlation ranged from 0.61 to 0.94. A significant decrease [mean difference (SD)] was found for cleft-to-noncleft nostril width ratio [0.15 (0.18)] from T1 to T2, and an increase for one-fourth medial height ratio [-0.09 (0.07)] and for inner nostril height-to-width ratio in the noncleft side [-0.23 (0.25)] from T1 to T3. Thirteen patients required secondary surgical revision. Based on photogrammetry, primary cleft nasal correction in our patients with unilateral cleft lip achieved acceptable and stable outcomes during early childhood.

GSV2SVF-an interactive GIS tool for sky, tree and building view factor estimation from street view photographs

Sky View Factor (SVF) is a commonly used indicator of urban geometry. The availability of street-level SVF measurements has been fairly limited due to the high costs of field survey. The Google Street View (GSV) serves a massive storage of panorama data that can be utilized to obtain SVF measurements. Yet, automatic extraction of SVFs from panoramas is a complicated process that involves multiple sophisticated computation technologies including machine learning, big image data processing, SVF estimation and geographic information systems (GIS), which constitute major hurdles for the end users. In this light, we developed an easy-to-use GIS-integrated tool (GSV2SVF) to streamline the workflow of extracting SVFs from GSV images and therefore making this vast treasure trove of information conveniently available to everyone at a mouse click. As by-products in addition to the SVF, the results obtained from each GSV panorama are accompanied with the tree view factor (TVF) and the building view factor (BVF), which together can provide a more holistic characterization of the outdoor built environment. GSV2SVF is freely available with source code at https://github.com/jian9695/GSV2SVF. A video is available at https://github.com/jian9695/GSV2SVF/blob/master/Video.mp4 and https://youtu.be/k00wCnuzuvE.

Re‐sensitization of desensitized histamine H1 receptors in the human skin takes more than 18 hours

It is known since the time of testing histamine on pieces of guinea pig's jejunum that histamine receptors can develop insensitivity. The aim was to find evidence for desensitization of histamine H1 receptors in the human skin in vivo and, if found, to study the time for such receptors to regain normal sensitivity. A skin prick test with histamine (10mgmL-1 ) was set in areas where a large histamine wheal was evoked 2, 6, 18, 24 or 72hours earlier. A skin prick test with histamine (10mgmL-1 ) was also set in an area where an allergen wheal was evoked 2 or 6hours earlier. Heights, diameters and areas were measured on photographs of side views of plaster casts of the evoked skin elevations. Histamine wheals, called test wheals, in areas where large histamine wheals were evoked 2, 6 or 18hours earlier, were smaller than histamine wheals, called initial wheals, in earlier non-stimulated areas. Test wheals from the 18hours experiment were smaller than test wheals from the 72hours experiment. Test wheals evoked in areas where allergen wheals were evoked 2 or 6hours earlier were smaller than corresponding initial wheals. Histamine-evoked wheals and IgE-mediated allergic wheals reduce the sensitivity of histamine H1 receptors in the human skin. It takes between 18 and 72hours to restore the sensitivity. Similarities between the development of histamine wheals in the human skin and histaminergic migraine with aura are discussed.

Effect of aging in periocular appearances by comparison of anthropometry between early and middle adulthoods in Chinese Han population

Age-related change in ocular appearance occurs throughout adulthood, and involutional alterations in periocular tissues are common in middle-aged or older adults. This study sought to investigate significant differences in periocular anthropometry between young and middle-aged adults of Chinese Han ethnic group. A total of 589 Chinese Han adults were recruited for cross-sectional investigation: 309 young adults (20 to 30 years), and 280 middle adulthood (50 to 70 years). Standardized, frontal view photographs were taken from each subject for measurements of 17 ocular anthropometric parameters (11 linear, three angular and three indicial parameters) detailing dimensions of palpebral fissures, and eyebrows. Eyelid crease morphologies were also evaluated. Distribution of eyelid crease subtypes were different between the two age-groups, and an eyelid subtype (Type VI Closed Crescent) was uniquely found in middle-aged adults. Significant differences were found in majority of the ocular parameters. For most of the fissure-related measurements, values were greater in young adults. For some distance-dimensions between eyes and eyebrows, values were greater in the middle-aged adults. Detailed evaluation of periocular parameters of different age was individually performed for two subjects, which embodied findings from the cross-sectional analysis. By comparison of anthropometries between age-groups, we found alterations in periocular and eyelid morphologies under effect of aging, with association of laxity and loss of elasticity in periocular tissues. This study was the first to provide normative periocular dimensions of early and middle adulthoods in Chinese Han, which is useful for considerations in esthetic surgical decision-making for this population.

Is There a Correlation Between Nasolabial Appearance and Dentoalveolar Relationships in Patients With Repaired Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate?

To determine whether a relationship exists between the aesthetic scores given to photographic records of the nasolabial region of patients with repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and the 5-Year Olds' Index scores of study models for the same participants. Retrospective study. University of Bristol Dental Hospital, United Kingdom. Patients with nonsyndromic UCLP previously enrolled in the Cleft Care UK (CCUK) Study. The CCUK participants, who had both study models and photographs (frontal and worm's eye view), were identified and their records retrieved. These were rated by 2 consultants and 2 senior registrars in orthodontics. The 5-Year Olds' Index was used to score the study models, and at a separate sitting, a 5-point Likert scale was used to score the cropped frontal and worm's eye view photographs of the same children. The results were analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficients and Cohen κ. Correlation between the aesthetic scores of the photographic views and the concordant 5-Year Olds' Index scores of the study models. The intraclass correlation coefficient scores showed very poor agreement between the photographic views and their concordant study models. The level of inter- and intra-rater reliability was strongest when scoring the study models. There was no agreement between the scores given to various photographic views and their corresponding study models. Scoring the study models using the 5-Year Olds' Index was the most reliable outcome measure for this age-group.

Representations of Place in the Human Brain

Abstract. Cartographers have been representing places and scenes for thousands of years. We know that there is not one single way to represent place. We can use a reference map, thematic map (not to mention all the different types), large scale, small scale, oblique and overhead remotely sensed image, hand-drawn cartoon maps, street view photographs, animated maps, and digital maps. We also know that the methods and then the resulting representations can be differentiated cartographically using established criteria. But, are these methods all equally effective in conveying a sense of place?We measure “effectiveness” by comparing activation differences in the parahippocampal place area when viewing different representations of place. The parahippocampal place area (PPA) is a region in the human brain that allows humans to recognize and characterize a place (or a representation of it) (Weiner et al., in press). The PPA is a functionally, as opposed to an anatomically, defined region. It overlaps several anatomical regions, including the parahippocampal cortex, the lingual gyrus, the collateral sulcus, and the fusiform gyrus (Figure 1) (Epstein, 2014). The place recognition function of the PPA has been well-documented (Weiner et al., in press; Epstein 2014, 2008; Baldassano et al. 2013; Aguirre et al., 1998; Epstein and Kanwisher, 1998), and we now know that this region is what allows humans to differentiate between a place and other objects such as faces, chairs, or apples.In this study, we measured the effect of cartographic representation on the human brain’s recognition of “place” by comparing the activation differences in the PPA. We compared four types of place representation: a street-view photograph of an urban environment, a drawn schematic similar to a subway-style map, a Google Maps street map, and a Google Maps satellite view. (Figure 2). The Google Maps images were used because they are common cartographic representations, and thus are likely representative of a general “map” condition.

Applicability of a pre-established set of facial proportions from frontal photographs in forensic age estimation of a Brazilian population

Child pornography on the internet is one of the crimes with highest increasing incidence worldwide. In this specific type of crime, the victim’s age has important legal implications. To overcome the lack of scientifically established protocols, European researchers explored and proposed a set of facial proportions obtained from images to estimate age. Within a validation scope, the present study aimed to test the applicability of morphological proportions from frontal photographs of the face to estimate age in a Brazilian population. Standardized frontal view photographs from 800 Brazilians (400 females and 400 males) homogeneously distributed in 4 age groups (6, 10, 14 and 18 years ± 30 days) were randomly selected from a Civilian Database of the Brazilian Federal Police. The selected images were analyzed with the aid of cephalometric landmarks. After landmarking the photographs, eighteen metric relations pre-established by Cattaneo et al. (C. Cattaneo, Z. Obertová, M. Ratnayake, L. Marasciuolo, J. Tutkuviene, P. Poppa, D. Gibelli, P. Gabriel, S. Ritz-Timme, Can facial proportions taken from images be of use for ageing in cases of suspected child pornography? A pilot study, Int. J. Leg. Med. 126 2012 139–144) were assessed and analyzed through parametric statistical tests and discriminant analysis. Two indexes had a moderate correlation with age, while ten had a weak correlation and six were not correlated with age. Eleven indexes were statistically different between sexes (p < 0.05). The discriminant analysis showed that 49.6% of the pooled sample was correctly classified into the respective age group. This percentage increased when each sex was analyzed separately: 50.2% for females and 53.5% for males. The set of facial proportions from frontal images proposed by Cattaneo et al. (2012) is related to facial development. As expected, the discriminant power of this approach did not reach optimal effectiveness in the Brazilian sample. In practice, this age estimation method must be adapted for more reliable application in Brazilians.

What Is the Ideal Instagram Filter?

BackgroundSocial media, particularly Instagram, is becoming a prominent part of the plastic surgeon-patient relationship. Recent surveys are revealing a trend toward patients bringing filtered selfies to their plastic surgery consultation as a way to communicate expectations to their doctors. But which Instagram filters create a more flattering or youthful appearance, and why?ObjectivesThis study set out to determine which Instagram filters create the “Most Flattering,” “Most Youthful,” “Least Flattering,” and “Least Youthful” appearances.MethodsStandardized anterior view photos were taken of three Caucasian women: aged 38, 48, and 58 years. These photos were then altered using the color Instagram filters, randomly arranged and printed on photo paper. A questionnaire was created, asking respondents to determine which of the photos made each subject look “Most Flattering,” “Most Youthful,” “Least Flattering,” and “Least Youthful.”ResultsA total of 78 respondents participated in the study. The filters determined to be “Most Flattering” were, in order, Juno, Lark, and Sierra. The filters determined to be “Most Youthful” were Reyes, Rise, and Gingham. The filters voted “Least Flattering” were Hefe, X-Pro, and Slumber. “Least Youthful” filters were Perpetua, Crema, and Aden.ConclusionsInstagram filters can be a very valuable way for patients to communicate their expectations with plastic surgeons. By studying why these filters are chosen by patients, we can better understand what results our patients are looking for.

THE EFFECTS OF SMARTPHONE ADDICTION ON CHILDREN’S CERVICAL POSTURE AND RANGE OF MOTION

Background: This study examined the effects of smartphones addiction on cervical posture, and compared the cervical range of motion (ROM) between addicted and non-addicted boys and girls 8 to 13 years of age. Methods: Twenty-four boys and 26 girls were assigned to 2 groups; addicted group (score > 32, n=32) and non-addicted group (score ≤ to 32, n=18). Craniovertebral Angle (CVA) was assessed using side view photographs, forward head posture (FHP) was measured using ImageJ 64 software, and cervical ROM in each direction was measured using a cervical (CROM) device. Results: A forward multiple regression showed that addiction score and body mass index (BMI) were significant predictors of CVA (R2 =0.31, p<0.001). Twenty-three percent of the variability in CVA was related to addiction score. A forward logistic regression showed that addiction to smartphone use and BMI were significant predictors of having FHP, and participants who were addicted were more than four times as likely to have FHP than those who were not: Odds Ratio (OR) with 95 % confidence interval (CI)=4.5 (1.2, 10.7), p= 0.03. A significant reduction was found in mean cervical angle in addicted versus non-addicted boys (49.4±6.7 vs. 55.5±7.6,η2=0.5, p=0.03) and girls (47.3±6.3 vs. 52.9±6.1,η2=0.9, p=0.02). A significantly more limited cervical ROM found in most neck movements in addicted participants with FHP compared to participants without FHP. Conclusion: Children who are addicted to smartphones may develop faulty habitual posture due to constant neck flexion downward, which may place them at high risk of spine abnormalities.

Table of Contents, Masthead, and Editor's Note

World LiteratureToday REVIEWS OF BOOKS BY Ada Limón Mathias Énard OlgaTokarczuk Adam Zagajewski & more Achy Obejas On Danticat’s Fierce Forgiveness André Naffis-Sahely Seeks Salvation on the Shores of Morocco Emeka Ogboh Explores Migration Through Food NEUSTADT PRIZE LAUREATE Edwidge Danticat On Freedom, Salt, Geography, and Storytelling Your passport to great reading 4 FABULIST FLASH FICTIONS | WRITING SINGAPORE | A GOLDEN AGE OF TV CRIME Hallgrímur Helgason Edward Burtynsky Lisa Chen Ed Pavlić Han Yujoo Kyo Maclear C.D. Wright Lisa Moore order yours at brickmag.com One of my favourite magazines. — Ben Lerner in brick 102 One of my favourite magazines. A L I T E R A R Y J O U R N A L EDWARD BURTYNSKY EDEN ROBINSON KYO MACLEAR BILLY-RAY BELCOURT HIROMI GOTO JENNIFER BAICHWAL HAN YUJOO HALLGRÍMUR HELGASON LISA MOORE PHOEBE WANG LORNA CROZIER C.D. WRIGHT 102 b r i c k 1 0 2 Q&A 14 The Aesthetics of the City: Youssouf Amine Elalamy by Nisrine Slitine El Mghari 34 Writing Singapore: Grace Chia by Tammy Ho Lai-Ming & Jason Eng Hun Lee 48 Food and Migration: Artist Emeka Ogboh (Recipe Included) by Michelle Johnson 50 Critiquing Colonialism from Within: Helen Johnson & John Kinsella by Michelle Johnson Fiction 20 If You’d Only Look by Sonya Chyu 40 Four Fabulist Fables by Pierre Bettencourt 42 Auntie Nabat’s Bread by Nariman Hasanzade 44 The Talus of Madame Liken by Asja Bakić WorldLiteratureToday REVIEWS OF BOOKS BY Ada Limón Mathias Énard OlgaTokarczuk Adam Zagajewski & more Achy Obejas On Danticat’s Fierce Forgiveness André Naffis-Sahely Seeks Salvation on the Shores of Morocco Emeka Ogboh Explores Migration Through Food NEUSTADT PRIZE LAUREATE Edwidge Danticat On Freedom, Salt, Geography, and Storytelling Your passport to great reading 4 FABULIST FLASH FICTIONS | WRITING SINGAPORE | A GOLDEN AGE OF TV CRIME In Every Issue | 3 Editor’s Note | 5 Notebook | 47 Editor’s Pick | 75 Books in Review | 112 Outpost 59 All Geography Is Within Me by Edwidge Danticat 66 A Tribute to Danticat by Achy Obejas 68 A Conversation with Edwidge Danticat by Erik Gleibermann Essays 28 Seeking Salvation on the Shores of Morocco by André Naffis-Sahely 54 Weaving a Creole Patrimony by Patrick Chamoiseau WINTER 2019 Crime & Mystery 10 Our “Golden Age” of TV Crime Drama by J. Madison Davis Poetry 13 Two Poems by Namrata Verghese 19 Two Poems by Sharmistha Mohanty 27 Three Poems by Khal Torabully 33 Five Poems by Ennio Moltedo 39 Four Poems by Blanca Garnica Neustadt Prize Laureate Edwidge Danticat 58 cover feature on the cover Photo of Edwidge Danticat by Shevaun Williams 20 50 Contents What’s on worldlit.org Visit our website for fresh content including audio, video, web-exclusive stories, reading lists, and more. Connect with WLT online Find us on Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, Goodreads, Flickr, and Pinterest to share ideas, view photos, watch video, discover book reviews, and more. Instagram Favorites Follow @worldlittoday on Instagram for literary inspiration. Join the Conversation Use the hashtag #IReadWLT on Twitter to share your opinions about the current issue of the magazine! Or visit worldlit.org/contact to write a letter to the editor. Digital Extras Suzanne Kamata @shikokusue Grateful to @worldlittoday for the intro to Yu Xiuhua, a Chinese subsistence farmer with cerebral palsy who is a poet. I hope someone is working on a book-length translation of her work! #IReadWLT #ownvoices #poetry George Henson, PhD @unpoetaloco Things I miss about @UofOklahoma: my @worldlittoday and @LatAmLitToday families, the @NeustadtPrize and #Puterbaugh festivals, and #TierraTinta. Sydney Solis @RisingSolis Really enjoyed reading the latest issue on the plane! Thank you! You’re my favorite literature magazine. MaryEHogarth @MaryEHogarth Talking to students about magazines from a business perspective is always a treat for me. So thank you magazine students @UofOklahoma for being such a great audience—and to Daniel Simon @worldlittoday for inviting me. #highered #KnowledgeExchange D. Nandi Odhiambo @nandi_odhiambo I was really happy to see this good review by Shazia Hafiz Ramzi of Smells Like Stars in World Literature Today. I greatly appreciate her considered and thoughtful reading of the novel. Look for these icons throughout the issue for information about exclusive content found online. photo gallery video audio...

Table of Contents, Masthead, and Editor's Note

REVIEWS OF BOOKS BY Han Kang Pola Oloixarac Ngũgĩ waThiong’o Mahtem Shiferraw Andrew Lam’s Old and New Saigon Vanessa Garcia On Translating Cuba Major Jackson Visits Xichang in November Translating Playwright Hanoch Levin Dispatches from Australia,Brazil,Mexico, South Africa,the US & Beyond A Rising Sea of Climate Change Lit World LiteratureToday Your passport to great reading 4 CLI-FI NOVELS | 9 SUMMER READING RECOMMENDATIONS | Q&A WITH AMINATTA FORNA Literature in Translation Mydriasis Followed by To the Icebergs J.M.G. Le Clezio Translated by Teresa Lavender Fagan The French List Cloth $21.50 My Mother’s Tears Michel Layaz Translated by Tess Lewis The Swiss List Cloth $21.50 Only a Lodger . . . And Hardly That A Fictional Autobiography Vesna Main Cloth $24.50 Now in Paperback No Fixed Abode Ethnofiction Marc Augé Translated by Chris Turner The French List Paper $17.00 Peony Red A Case for Milena Lukin Christian Schünemann and Jelena Volic Translated by Baida Dar Paper $17.95 Book of Minutes Gemma Gorga Translated by Sharon Dolin Paper $16.95 Distributed by The University of Chicago Press www.press.uchicago.edu From From From Haus Publishing Climate Change Lit Featuring cover feature Fiction 14 Roses and Jasmine by Myronn Hardy 28 Beginners by Mika Seifert 38 The Wig by Sepideh Zamani Q&A 24 The View from Elsewhere: Aminatta Forna by Keija Parssinen 42 Co-translating Hanoch Levin, the “Beckett of Israel”: Jessica Cohen & Evan Fallenberg by Janice Weizman Essays 32 Translating Cuba in the Twenty-First Century by Vanessa Garcia REVIEWS OF BOOKS BY Han Kang Pola Oloixarac Ngũgĩ waThiong’o Mahtem Shiferraw Andrew Lam’s Old and New Saigon Vanessa Garcia On Translating Cuba Major Jackson Visits Xichang in November Translating Playwright Hanoch Levin Dispatches from Australia,Brazil,Mexico, South Africa,the US & Beyond A Rising Sea of Climate Change Lit WorldLiteratureToday Your passport to great reading 4 CLI-FI NOVELS | 9 SUMMER READING RECOMMENDATIONS | Q&A WITH AMINATTA FORNA In Every Issue | 3 Editor’s Note | 5 Notebook | 77 Books in Review | 112 Outpost SUMMER 2019 Crime & Mystery 10 A Chat with Eddie Muller, TCM’s “Czar of Noir” by J. Madison Davis Poetry 13 Five Russian Poems by Aleksandra Tsibulia 22 Two Catalan Poems by Gemma Gorga 31 Two Hungarian Poems by Renátó Fehér 36 Two US Poems by Major Jackson 47 Pollen by Marjorie Evasco puterbaugh essay Living in the Tenses in Saigon by Andrew Lam 52 48 on the cover Aritst Zaria Forman documents climate change with pastel drawings. B-15Y Iceberg, Antarctica No. 1, 72 x 72 in., soft pastel on paper, 2017 24 Contents 53 Alberto Chimal 58 Jane Hirshfield 60 Chris Arthur 65 David Holmgren 70 Márcia Wayna Kambeba 71 Tiffany Higgins 72 Sandra Jensen 74 Pireeni Sundaralingam Summer Editors’ Picks 19 Michelle Johnson 23 Daniel Simon 35 Rob Vollmar What’s on worldlit.org Visit our website for fresh content including audio, video, webexclusive stories, reading lists, and more. Connect with WLT online Find us on Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, Goodreads, Flickr, and Pinterest to share ideas, view photos, watch video, discover book reviews, and more. Instagram Favorites Follow @worldlittoday on Instagram for literary inspiration. READERS RESPOND What work of fiction, poetry, theater, or nonfiction has had the most profound impact on your understanding of climate change? READERS’ POLL: LITERARY ACTIVISM Digital Extras “We need a new vocabulary to speak accurately about our dire situation and to imagine a better way forward .Counter-Desecration: A Glossary for Writing in the Anthropocene, edited by Linda Russo and Marthe Reed (2018), a collective glossary of terms, both invented and redefined , offers that, as well as a model for literary cooperative action.” — Denise Newman “I absolutely love Ruth Ozeki ’s A Tale for the Time Being (2015), which is about so many types of connections, including global, in the time of climate change.” — Monica Seger CONTINUED ON PAGE 73 Look for these icons throughout the issue for information about exclusive content found online. photo gallery video audio web exclusive An audio poem in the Binisaya language by Marjorie Evasco (p. 47) Additional poetry by Rina Garcia Chua (Philippines), Kedarnath Singh (India), and Frank Paino (US) An essay...

Table of Contents, Masthead, and Editor's Note

World LiteratureToday Your passport to great reading After Alcatraz REVIEWS OF BOOKS BY Amitav Ghosh Maaza Mengiste Dunya Mikhail Ludmila Ulitskaya Tommy Orange On Resisting Violence Through Writing Laila Lalami’s Other America Edward Hirsch On Miklós Radnóti Joy Harjo 50 YEARS OF LITERARY ACTIVISM, 1969–2019 Guest-edited by Allison Hedge Coke U.S. Poet Laureate 10 BEST 21ST CENTURY CRIME NOVELS | IGIABA SCEGO CONFRONTS ITALY’S COLONIAL PAST www.ucpress.edu NEW FROM UC PRESS World Literature in Translation Literary classics from around the globe Literary Activism guest-edited by Allison Hedge Coke featuring 22 writers, including: Simon Ortiz,Tommy Orange, Dean Chavers, Emily Rapp Black, Nancy Morejón, Duane Niatum, Craig Santos Perez, Vickie Vértiz, Wang Ping, Susan Straight, Mikeas Sánchez, Lindantonella Solano Mendoza, Reyna Grande, Luis J. Rodriguez, Mohja Kahf, Barbara Jane Reyes, Miguel M. Morales, Jan Beatty, Ashanti Anderson, Sandra Alcosser, Brenda Hillman, and Jake Skeets Not One Less Italian-born Somali writer Igiaba Scego confronts Italy’s colonial past. Joy Harjo Read Harjo’s poem “Bless This Land”plus a mini-interview with the US Poet Laureate. Essays 18 Miklós Radnóti’s “The Fifth Eclogue” by Edward Hirsch 30 A Date with Svetlana Alexievich in Berlin by Jorge Ferrer 40 Say “Thank You” by Emiliano Monge Fiction 22 The Unsevered Tongue by Dipika Mukherjee 36 The Moon through the Hard Water by Zsuzsa Selyem 44 Is the Horse Oppressed? by Mirza Athar Baig WorldLiteratureToday Your passport to great reading After Alcatraz REVIEWS OF BOOKS BY Amitav Ghosh Maaza Mengiste Dunya Mikhail Ludmila Ulitskaya Tommy Orange On Resisting Violence Through Writing Laila Lalami’s Other America Edward Hirsch On Miklós Radnóti Joy Harjo 50 YEARS OF LITERARY ACTIVISM, 1969–2019 Guest-edited by Allison Hedge Coke U.S. Poet Laureate 10 BEST 21ST CENTURY CRIME NOVELS | IGIABA SCEGO CONFRONTS ITALY’S COLONIAL PAST In Every Issue | 3 Editor’s Note | 5 Notebook | 17 Editor’s Pick | 95 Books in Review | 128 Outpost AUTUMN 2019 Crime & Mystery 10 Ten Reading Suggestions and a Farewell by J. Madison Davis Poetry 13 There Was No Plot by Coral Bracho 21 Finger in the Operating Room by Fatemeh Shams Q&A 14 Cultivating Empathy and Humility: Laila Lalami by Jocelyn Frelier 26 From the Heart of the Void: Annie Le Brun by Karl Pollin-Dubois cover feature 53 34 48 on the cover 2019–2020 US Poet Laureate Joy Harjo. Photo by Melissa Lukenbaugh. Contents features PUTERBAUGH ESSAY POEM AND Q&A What’s on worldlit.org Visit our website for fresh content including audio, video, webexclusive stories, reading lists, and more. Connect with WLT online Find us on Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, Goodreads, Flickr, and Pinterest to share ideas, view photos, watch video, discover book reviews, and more. Instagram Favorites Follow @worldlittoday on Instagram for literary inspiration. READERS RESOND COMING IN THE WINTER 2020 ISSUE LOOK BACK 50 Years Ago in These Pages Digital Extras Celebrating Excellence and Diversity in YA Fiction What YA novel has most challenged or inspired you to explore a world beyond the one you’ve comfortably inhabited? In 50 words or less, tweet us your response @worldlittoday with the hashtag #diversebooks (or email wlt@ou.edu with #diversebooks in the subject line), and we may feature your answer in the next issue! DEADLINE: NOVEMBER 15 Look for these icons throughout the issue for information about exclusive content found online. photo gallery video audio web exclusive Read the trilingual version of Mikeas Sánchez’s “We Are Millions,” and listen to the author’s recordings in Zoque and Spanish. (p. 76) Watch for additional pieces on literary activism by Joseph Cárdenas, Clint Carroll, Wallace Cleaves, Brenda Delfino, Sesshu Foster, Linda Hogan, Alex Jacobs, Wesley Leonard, Sandra Meek, Jamaica Heolimeleikalani Osorio, Lehua Taitano, Skuya Zephier, and Zheng Xiaoqiong on the WLT Weekly. Mikeas Sánchez. Photo by Wendy Call “In modern Turkey, which has witnessed cataclysmic changes since 1918, Nâzim Hikmet was the first—and most stirring—voice of iconoclasm. Hikmet lived and wrote like a romantic revolutionary during much of his stormy and tragic life, which ended in Moscow in 1963. Because of his ideology he served jail terms...