Abstract
Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) may require early abduction treatment with infants sleeping on their back for the first few months of life. As sleeping on back is known to cause deformational plagiocephaly, we assessed school age children treated for dislocation or subluxation of the hip-joint in infancy. Plagiocephaly was analyzed by using cephalic index (CI) and oblique cranial length ratio (OCLR) as anthropometric measurements from 2D digital vertex view photographs. Six of the 58 (10.3%) DDH children and only one of the 62 (1.6%) control children had plagiocephaly (p = 0.041). Furthermore, cross bite was found in 14 (24.1%) of the DDH children and in 7 (10.3%) of the control children. Developmental dysplasia of the hip in infancy was associated with cranial asymmetries and malocclusions at school age. Preventive measures should be implemented.
Highlights
Intrauterine breech presentation and breech delivery have been shown to predispose to increased neonatal hip-joint instability requiring treatment [1,2,3]
Intrauterine constriction contributes to the developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and to head shape asymmetries like plagiocephaly and brachycephaly [4,5,6,7]
Facial asymmetry and cross bite among school children are found more common after treatments for DDH than in peers [12,13,14]
Summary
Intrauterine breech presentation and breech delivery have been shown to predispose to increased neonatal hip-joint instability requiring treatment [1,2,3]. Intrauterine constriction contributes to the developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and to head shape asymmetries like plagiocephaly and brachycephaly [4,5,6,7]. Most of the treatments for dislocation and subluxation in DDH last from 5 to 12 weeks when started early after birth [11]. Facial asymmetry and cross bite among school children are found more common after treatments for DDH than in peers [12,13,14]. The aim of this study is to define the amount of plagiocephaly in DDH children in comparison to their unaffected peers at school age
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