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Interactions between the context of a health-care organisation and failure: the situational impact of failure on organisational learning

PurposeThis study aims to explore how health-care organisations learn from failures, challenging the common view in management science that learning is a continuous cycle. It focuses on understanding how the context of a health-care organisation and the characteristics of failure interact.Design/methodology/approachSystematically collected empirical studies that examine how health-care organisations react to failures, both in terms of learning and non-learning, were reviewed and analysed. The key characteristics of failures and contextual factors are categorised at the individual, team, organisational and global level.FindingsSeveral factors across four distinct levels are identified as being susceptible to the situational impact of failure. In addition, these factors can be used in the design and development of innovations. Taking these factors into account is expected to stimulate learning responses when an innovation does not succeed. This enhances the understanding of how health-care organisations learn from failure, showing that learning behaviour is not solely dependent on whether a health-care organisation possesses the traits of a learning organisation or not.Originality/valueThis review offers a new perspective on organisational learning, emphasising the situational impact of failure and how learning occurs across different levels. It distinguishes between good and bad failures and their effects on a health-care organisation’s ability to learn. Future research could use these findings to study how failures influence organisational performance over time, using longitudinal data to track changes in learning capacity.

Preservice Secondary Science Teachers’ Nature of Science Views, Rationales, and Teaching During a NOS Course Guided by RFN: a Multiple Case Study

Preservice Secondary Science Teachers’ Nature of Science Views, Rationales, and Teaching During a NOS Course Guided by RFN: a Multiple Case Study

THE PSYCHOLINGUISTIC APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF FRAUDULENT DISCOURSE TEXTS

The article pays attention to modern Russian psycholinguistic analysis in the study of fraudulent dis-course. It is shown that currently in the country, as a result of the increase in the number of crimes committed using mobile phones, scientifi c interest in the speech of a fraudster, methods of infl uencing the victim is increasing, and the question of the need for eff ective protection against unwanted communication arises. The description of the live speech of a fraudster in a real communication situation is relevant; the subject of scientifi c research attracts resear-chers with the opportunity to understand the mechanisms and methods of infl uencing the consciousness of a real or potential victim. The material consisted of recordings of the verbatim content of phonograms in criminal cases. The authors attempt to consider the text of the fraudster’s speech from the point of view of a psycholinguistic approach. A review is made of the scientifi c views of Russian scientists on the manipulation of opinions and actions, and the basic concepts are qualifi ed. The concepts of “linguistic picture of the world” and “linguistic consciousness” are revealed. The authors of the scientifi c article convincingly demonstrated how the slightest change in the communi-cation situation instantly aff ects the structure of the dialogue. We study how the process of substitution of linguistic consciousness occurs in a situation of communication between a fraudster and a victim. The focus is on the seman-tic, pragmatic, syntactic aspects of speech manipulation. Attempts have been made to identify the reasons for the victim’s unquestioning adherence to the criminal’s instructions. In conclusion, the authors proved that in order to prevent this type of crime, it is most important to convey to the potential victim that it is necessary to break off the communicative act (hang up), not to give the criminal the slightest chance to replace the linguistic picture of the world, to immerse the victim in an illusion, which, when disappearing, will cause damage not only to the victim’s bank account, but also to mental health. The theoretical signifi cance of the scientifi c article is seen in the fact that the real recorded speech of the fraudster was studied and the suggestive potential of the remarks was investigated. The results of the study will be useful to anyone who fi nds themselves a victim within the fraudulent discourse.

The role and significance of administrative custom in the mechanism for making management decisions

The article examines theoretical and practical issues of the influence of administrative customs on the process of making management decisions. Various points of view of Soviet and Russian scientists regarding the concept and characteristics of a management decision, as well as its relationship with an administrative act, are analyzed. The issues of establishing administrative procedures and their impact on management decision-making are explored. The opinions of famous scientists regarding the concept and characteristics of administrative custom are studied. The most interesting and illustrative examples of administrative customs in modern Russia are given. The concept is given and the distinctive features of administrative practice are defined. At the end of the article, arguments are given indicating the role and significance of administrative customs in the mechanism for making management decisions.

Historical Forms and Principles of Democracy

Examines the political view and historical forms of democracy, democratic values and the democratic regime. It is impossible to give a one-sided definition of democracy - one can observe its versatility in a full reflection of its essence. If we understand it from the point of view of political science, then it manifests itself as a form of state in all its manifestations. This tradition originates from ancient political thought. The methodological basis of the study is relativity, systematicity, scientific objectivity, historical, social and other principles.

Let's talk about sex: instructor views and hesitancies related to sex and gender in the biology classroom.

There is much current debate in the US regarding how sex and gender are approached in science and medical classrooms. There does not seem to be sufficient consensus around why it must be taught and how it should be implemented. State-enacted restrictions to both education and healthcare in recent years demonstrate the relevance and importance of sex and gender in the college classroom, not only including but especially in the biology classroom. Given the areas comprising the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology (SICB), these topics of sex and gender in biology instruction are incredibly salient to our members. Thus, this survey aimed to determine instructors' views of and experiences with sex-diverse gender-inclusive biology. College-level biology instructors who are members of SICB were surveyed about their views of science, views of sex and gender, teaching philosophy, and their experiences with inclusive teaching and with sex-diverse gender-inclusive teaching. The resulting data lead us to implore academic biology to provide more sex-diverse and gender-inclusive teaching tools and resources to educators, while minimizing potential fear of retaliation and backlash to instructors who utilize these teaching methods.

Telaah Kritis Aksiologi Sains Modern Persepektif Naquid Al-Attas dan Implementasinya Dalam Komunikasi Ilmiah

The modern scientific revolution, which Thomas Kuhn said was caused by a shift in the scientific paradigm, brought major changes totechnological developments, especially in the 20th century. Apart from modern science bringing many benefits to humans, it turns out toobrings extraordinary side effects, including continuous natural damage and humanitarian disaster, as also statedby Naquib Al-Attas. The scientific challenges brought by Western culture have resulted in the development of modern science which is full of Western view of reality and truth. One of the elements of Western civilization is tragedy that shows the search the truth and nature and purpose of life are endless, so he is always in search, but never achieves what he wantssearching for. This perspective also influenced the development of modern science. This article attempts to explicitly highlight the effects aside from modern science, as well as Naquib Al-Attas's view of modern science from its axiological side. Method usedis an in-depth literature review. From this article it can be stated with certainty that the treasures of Islamic scholarship have providedfoundation for the development of knowledge, especially science. This is proven in the history of Islamic civilization, how the ulama and Muslim scientists provide clear signs in the development of science. One important aspect that needs to be considered is maqashid syari'ah for the development of science. The way of looking at nature as an object and humans as a subject must be referred to to the Islamic perspective of viewing reality and truth. Besides that, the paradigm of scientific development and progress Modernism must refer to a paradigm based on an Islamic worldview which emphasizes that development and progress are necessary focused on one constant thing, namely the purpose and meaning of human life as caliph on Earth. This frame of mind can become a reference for the scientific community to be able to truly play the role of caliph on Earth, so that they can prevent further natural damage and human disasters.

Perspektif Al-Qur’an Tentang Sel Saraf Dalam Kajian Integrasi Agama Dan Sains

Humans are God's perfect creation. Perfection lies in reason. Apart from intelligence, humans also have a brain as the control center for all human activities. The aim of this research is to examine and discover more deeply about human nerve cells from the perspective of the Koran. This research uses qualitative methods and produces descriptive data through a literature approach. The main sources start from secondary sources including books or journals related to the concept of nerve cells according to religious and scientific views. There are several verses scattered in the surahs of the Koran regarding nerve cells. The word "Naashiyah" in this verse means forelock. Scientific facts about the crown is the part of the forebrain that functions as a controller, memory and decision maker, which is known as Frontal lobe. The information from these verses is true that the forelock is the place where decisions are made and is the measuring point for right or wrong decisions taken. Therefore, Al-Quran information and scientific facts from research results are integrated with each other and show harmony.

A Generalized Patchwork Approach to Scientific Concepts

Previous articleNext article No AccessA generalized patchwork approach to scientific conceptsPhilipp HaueisPhilipp Haueis Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science Just Accepted Society: The British Society for the Philosophy of Science Views: 136Total views on this site Views: 136Total views on this site Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/716179 Views: 136Total views on this site HistoryAccepted June 23, 2021 PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

Theoretical prerequisites for planning the content and focus of training sessions in the pre-season preparation of hockey players

Importance. The rapid growth in the number of student sports teams in recent years has predetermined the issue of combining sports and academic activities. In this regard, the considered aspects of the processes of fatigue and recovery in amateur sports become relevant and require analysis and systematization of the views of domestic and foreign scientists on the issues of localization and mechanisms of development of fatigue, as well as the patterns and time of recovery of the athlete’s body in the process of training activities. The study purpose: analysis and systematization of scientific articles on the problem of fatigue and recovery of the athlete’s body after physical activity, determination of the fundamental scheme for the formation of the content and focus of training sessions based on the analysis of the theoretical component of the problem of fatigue and recovery during physical activity of various nature, direction and magnitude in different types of sports.Materials and Methods. The study is conducted on the basis of studies concerning the problem of interaction of the body’s life-supporting systems in the development of fatigue mechanisms, published in scientific journals, monographs of famous physiologists covering a large time period. The study is based on a systemic-structural approach, which allows, during the analysis of scientific publications, to identify the main patterns of the development of mechanisms and localization of fatigue, to put forward hypotheses regarding the prospects for developing an appropriate scheme for the formation of the content and focus of training sessions, to determine the range of issues that require instrumental confirmation of the recovery time of the athlete’s body during combining various characteristic aspects of loads in the training process. Within the framework of this study, the following research methods are used: scientific and methodological literature analysis, systematization, pedagogical observation, generalization.Results and Discussion. In the course of the study, the main factors are identified that influence the mechanisms of the development of fatigue during work of various sizes and directions, in different intensity zones; The interrelationships of various localization systems and mechanisms of fatigue development, as well as energy supply to support the athlete’s vital activity during physical activity, are revealed. An attempt is made to substantiate the strategy of expediently combining types of training activities, the content and focus of training sessions in the preparatory period of pre-season training for students involved in hockey at Hockey club “Derzhava”.Conclusion. Research prospects include issues of experimental substantiation of the construction of a system of training sessions, taking into account the registration of the main indicators of lifesupport systems, allowing the trainer to expediently distribute and quickly regulate training loads and ensure the effectiveness of recovery processes in the period under study.

Training of Specialists in the Field of Information and Library Science in Polish Universities (Experience of the First Decades of the 21st Cent.)

The aim of the article is to review the areas of training specialists in library and information science in higher education institutions of Poland at the beginning of the 21st cent. Research methods. The offered research is based on the analytical and synthetic analysis of scientific publications by leading Polish scientists who studied the issues of higher library and information education. The author’s presentation of the current state of university education in the information and library sphere in Poland is based on the processing of materials from the official web portals of higher education establishments that provide specialised training for their applicants. Among a complex of special research methods, the method of content analysis is used to identify the views of certain scientists on the problems of development of information and library education in Poland. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the formulation of the problem that is practically unresearched in Ukrainian science, and requires studying in view of the practical significance of the Polish experience in reforming higher education of the information and library sphere. Main conclusions. In the process of this research, it is found that in Poland the process of transforming the training of information and library specialists in accordance with the needs of modern information society has not yet been completed. There are still scientific discussions on optimising the nomenclature of the training areas at universities, as well as variants of creating interdisciplinary specialities are being considered, some of which have been tested for several years in some higher education institutions. The analysis of the official websites of 11 state universities in Poland has highlighted tendencies toward a rapid reduction in the classical programmes of training in the field of information and library science, which is primarily caused by the demands of potential employers and the increased integration of the latest technologies into all spheres of society activity.

FOOD SECURITY: DEFINITION AND EVOLUTION OF THE CONCEPT

Objective. The objective of the article is to study the evolution of the concept of «food security» and to substantiate the feasibility of forming new approaches to its definition. Methods. The study uses general scientific and research methods: theoretical generalization and comparison (to summarize the definitions of approaches to understanding the essence of the concept of «food security» and changes in the definition of «food security» from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), analysis and synthesis (to determine the factors influencing the change in the concept of «food security»), systematization of definitions (to determine similar views of scientists). Results. The article examines the concept of «food security» as an important socio-economic category that has been transformed over the millennia, reflecting the means of preserving humanity from hunger to meet individual needs at the present stage of development and summarizes its definition. Comparing the definition of «food security» according to the FAO and leading scholars such as Megan Carney, Raj Patel, Shenggen Fan and others, it is necessary to emphasize the areas in which this concept is considered and supplemented, namely social justice, economic development, sustainable agriculture, environmental sustainability, etc. Scientists emphasize that food security is not limited to physical access to food, but also includes the right kind of food, social justice in the distribution of resources and access to them, and the need to preserve the environment. That is, on the one hand, food security is a broad enough concept to be globally oriented, taking into account the needs and conditions of different countries and regions of the world, and on the other hand, at the individual level, it reflects physical, social, and economic access to safe and nutritious food for any person in any time of need, which meets dietary needs and food preferences, which, in turn, ensure an active, fulfilling and healthy life. Thus, the FAO's definition of food security is more general and globally oriented, while the views of the scientists considered in the research provide a more specific and comprehensive approach. In order to address the issue of food security effectively it is important to take into account not only physical access to food but also a wide range of social, economic and environmental factors.

Development Of Multicultural Islamic Education At The Nurulhuda Islamic Boarding

Multicultural religious education has been widely studied and studied with different scientific views, differences in the diversity of origins of the population, teachers and students at the Nurulhuda Padangangan Islamic boarding school in Sumenep. According to researchers, it is important to know the development of multicultural Islamic education in the Nurulhuda Padangangan Islamic boarding school environment in Sumenep. Therefore, researchers examine this research by knowing the development of multicultural Islamic education at the Nurulhuda Padangangan Islamic boarding school in Sumenep. Nurulhuda Islamic boarding school is one of the Islamic educational institutions that was founded to create an atmosphere of peace and provide more knowledge, thoughts, knowledge and experience for Muslims. And the Nurulhuda Islamic boarding school. Multicultural education is a necessity for the Indonesian people in facing global challenges in the future where the demands on the Islamic religion are increasing, getting bigger and more complex.

Ландшафтно-экологическое территориальное зонирование (на материалах Акмолинской области)

Introduction. Modern human activities in nature are subject to increasing regulation and restrictions, which should be reflected in systems for the use of natural resources, primarily in agricultural production. The problem under consideration is of particular relevance for the regions of Northern Kazakhstan, since the natural landscapes of the region have been radically changed and transformed into natural and agricultural complexes with a disturbed landscape-ecological balance.From the point of view of modern natural science, the organization of the rational use of rural areas should be solved by applying a concept based on the landscape-ecological approach. The purpose of the study. Territorial zoning of the agricultural landscape to optimize the use of agricultural land based on the landscape-ecological approach. Research methods. Cartographic materials used as the basis for the creation of diagrams and design developments, obtained on the basis of data from the virtual information system of the land cadastre of the Republic of Kazakhstan and processed using the ArcGIS program. Research results. Based on materials from the steppe zone of the Akmola region of the Republic of Kazakhstan, an analysis of landscape conditions and ecological stability of agricultural landscape systems was carried out. Analysis of territorial landscape zoning allowed us to conclude that the predominant part of the field landscapes of the steppe eons of this region is occupied by natural-territorial complexes of watershed spaces and watershed slopes, and the most common form of relief is slope surfaces. Ecological zoning of agricultural landscapes in the Akmola region revealed that the most common agricultural landscapes are characterized by weak stability and unstable agricultural landscapes. The article proposes a methodology for territorial zoning of agricultural lands on a landscape-ecological basis in the conditions of the Akmola region. It includes the following procedure: drawing up a landscape map. identification of homogeneous ecological zones; agrolandscape microzoning. As a result of research at the research object, a scheme of territorial landscape-ecological zoning for land use of agricultural formations was compiled, which is based on taking into account the paradynamic landscape structure of steppe landscapes and the degree of their anthropogenic transformation. At the same time, relatively homogeneous landscape-ecological microzones were identified, within which the elementary landscapes of the steppe catena were differentiated according to measures that stabilize the stability of the agricultural landscape. Conclusions. 1. On the territory of the Akmola region, natural landscapes have been transformed into agricultural production modifications. with a low degree of sustainability, requiring measures to maintain landscape-ecological balance. 2. The methodology for territorial zoning of steppe agricultural landscapes should be based on taking into account the paradynamic landscape structure of steppe landscapes, i.e. its catenary device. 3. Application of the results of territorial landscape-ecological zoning in design developments for the use and protection of land will allow the selection of optimal directions that ensure the sustainability of agricultural landscapes.

MNEMONICS AS A MEANS OF DEVELOPING LEXICAL SKILLS WHEN TEACHING THE KAZAKH LANGUAGE

The article talks about the methodology of using mnemonics in the learning process in classes on teaching Kazakh as a second language in the formation of lexical skills when teaching the Kazakh language. The purpose of the article is to analyze the effectiveness of the combination of mnemonics in the traditional learning process. The use of mnemonics in the learning process promotes involuntary memorization of lexical units, helps to quickly recall them from long-term memory, grammatically link lexical units and understand their grammatical meaning. The research project examines various mnemonics methods to optimize the formation of students’ lexical skills, namely: the method of phonetic associations, the method of free associations, methods of active repetition. The work pays special attention to a number of advantages of using mnemonic methods as an effective means of developing lexical skills, as well as problems that may arise when using this method in the educational process. The article summarizes the results of the analysis of pedagogical and methodological literature on the use of mnemonics in the aspect of developing students’ lexical skills, and also analyzes alternative views of scientists and practicing teachers, which confirm the relevance of research work for modern language didactics. It is concluded that mnemonics have a high potential for increasing the efficiency of the language learning process. The methodologically correct introduction of mnemonics into the educational process helps to increase the volume of lexical units assimilated by students, a more detailed understanding of intra- and interlingual complexities, and develops didactic skills in students. An effective educational situation created through a positive learning environment contributes to the development of students’ lexical skills at a high level.

Characteristics of the State Bureau of Investigation’s territorial departments’ powers

The article focuses on the fact that the creation of the State Bureau of Investigation of Ukraine was an important step towards ensuring the high-quality and efficient functioning of the entire law enforcement sector of our country, as well as the establishment of the rule of law and legality. It is argued that in the current context, the State Bureau of Investigation is beginning to play an increasingly important role in ensuring the proper functioning of all other state institutions. It is emphasised that the work of the State Bureau of Investigation directly depends on the quality and effectiveness of the powers of its territorial offices. Based on the analysis of scientific views of scholars, it is noted that powers are a legally established scope of the rights and obligations which allows to implement the tasks and functions of the territorial offices of the State Bureau of Investigation to the fullest extent and with maximum efficiency. It is stated that these powers are exercised both by the central office of the State Bureau of Investigation and by the territorial departments; the factor determining the scope of application of the powers is the competence of these entities, including the territories covered by their activities. It is determined that the powers are aimed at protecting the legitimate interests of SBI employees in a fair assessment of their service, career and professional growth, and the absence of obstacles to their professional activities. It is argued that the powers of the territorial offices of the State Bureau of Investigation should be divided into two large groups: a) according to the subject to whom the powers belong such as: the head, investigators, employees of operational units, employees of auxiliary units (e.g., personnel, financial and economic); b) according to the orientation 1) on the direct implementation of the SBI’s tasks (rule-making, personnel and organisational, information and analytical, pre-trial investigation and operational search activities, methodological, protection of public property interests, in the field of cooperation); 2) related to the organisation of effective performance of the above powers (careful treatment of property, ethical behaviour, etc.)

НАЖИМ ДАВҚАРАЕВНИНГ ФОЛЬКЛОРШУНОСЛИК ИЛМИДА ТУТГАН ЎРНИ: ТАДҚИҚОТ ВА МУҲОКАМАЛАР

The article examines the scientific views, concepts and scientific activities of N. Davkarayev, the founder of Karakalpak folkloristics. N. Davkarayev is a researcher who collected samples of folklore and diligently tried to convey them to the people through a theoretical and methodological approach.

THE ROLE OF LAW AND GOVERNMENT IN LEGAL PRACTICE

The proposed scientific article comprehensively examines the legal analysis of the interaction of the concept of law and power, which provides for a clear application of current legislation in modern society. The need for law has a higher legal purpose fixed and secured by positive legal qualities and legal elements of law, creating a space for free behavior of all participants in public relations in accordance with the principles of freedom, humanism, spiritual wealth and material interests of man and citizen, currently being studied taking into account world legal practice. Currently, the role of law in the system of legal regulation in society represents the role of the state and law in various legal forms, implemented through law, in its imperative power activities. This legal interpretation is due to the influence and development of the legal system of norms-definitions as a legal model of the behavior of subjective rights in modern society, where the implementation of law is defined as the implementation of legal regulations, this is an improved protection of human rights under the current Constitution of modern countries, from the point of view of legal science. The need to study the interaction of the concepts of law and power as a single legal mechanism, their legal norms is widely used in modern society and is contained in legal institutions to build a rule of law state in accordance with the legislative system and legal principles, where it is provided with the positive law necessary for the legal institutions of society. When studying the concept and operation of the legal mechanism applied by state authorities in legal practice, the law itself specifically determines the needs of modern society in the law itself, and vice versa, the entry of legal institutions into the sphere of state power is necessary to maintain imperative principles in the field of law, using the broad powers of law, as a category of law in modern society.

О некоторых вопросах состава нарушения требований пожарной безопасности

Taking into account the high-profile events in our country related to large fires in shopping and entertainment centers, as well as in connection with fires due to burning vegetation, the composition of Article 219 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is of increased interest from the point of view of science and practice. Thus, it is proposed in the scientific community to expand its application, indicating in it as consequences the damage caused by fire to natural objects. After analyzing various points of view, the author came to the conclusion that such changes to the article under study cannot be made for a number of objective reasons (fire is not specified in Article 219 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation as a prerequisite; it is illogical to compare the damage caused to human life and health with damage caused to nature), here the question of introducing the corresponding article in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Regarding the subjective side, the composition in question differs in the person’s delusion about his duties, taking them lightly, performing them in bad faith, believing that responsibility can be “shifted” to the head of the organization. At the same time, not any employee can be appointed authorized for compliance with fire safety requirements, but only one who is part of the management staff. In this regard, there is a proposal in scientific circles to expand the scope of Article 219 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, removing the reference to a special subject in it.

Cancer and the Levels of Selection

Previous articleNext article No AccessCancer and the Levels of SelectionSamir OkashaSamir Okasha Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science Just Accepted Society: The British Society for the Philosophy of Science Views: 118Total views on this site Views: 118Total views on this site Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/716178 Views: 118Total views on this site HistoryAccepted June 24, 2021 PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.