Desired View Research Articles

성선적 인간에 대한 문학과 그 교육의 한 방향

In this study, I attempted to explore human nature focusing on Jeff, in director Alfred Hitchcock’s film Rear Window. It aims to propose a direction for literature and education related to desirable human view through Good Human Nature Principle. For this, the Mencius’s theory was used as the base theory. Ultimately, it is meaningful in that it seeks to explore the direction of human education to foster ethical values that can identify the essence of literature and promote desirable life attitudes. As a method, character storytelling analysis was presented and actual cases of its application were analyzed. Consequently, four ways were put forth: first, literary education focused on applied works; second, character narratives to understand life; third, writing to express one's own experiences; and fourth, exchanging literature and experiences with others to broaden one's own experience in order to foster ethical values in human outlook education.

On Laozi’s View of Desire

On Laozi’s View of Desire

Pre-service mathematics teachers' views of nature of science in the context of COVID-19

A framework for K-12 science education (National Research Council [NRC], 2012) supports science learning on social and political issues to make informed decisions and solve problems. Socio-scientific issues have been considered as a context to teach characteristics of nature of science (NOS). This study is a qualitative study in nature to examine how pre-service mathematics teachers define science and address different aspects of science and scientific literacy in the context of coronavirus (COVID-19). Data sources included written reports and reflections on basic science-related questions. Responses from 50 pre-service mathematics teachers were analyzed through thematic analysis. The results indicated that pre-service mathematics teachers defined science as a product in the form of systematic knowledge, fact or theories-laws-models, and they provided informed or partially informed views on empirical, sociocultural, tentativeness, and subjectivity aspects by referring to cognitive, developmental, and sociocultural dimensions of science literacy. Pre-service mathematics teachers’ definition of science as accumulated knowledge was not aligned with their desirable views on aspects of NOS. The study suggests possible implications for further studies.

Aluminum-Copper alloys, Corrosion, acidic medium, alkali medium.

This paper suggested a de-noising algorithm used in grayscale images. As long as the noisy image does not give the desired view of its features, de-noising is required. The algorithm is based on block matching and wavelet transformation. Euclidean distance for blocks similarity is exploited, which demonstrate more accurate in finding similar blocks depending on soft thresholding. Regarding wavelet transform, a combine of hard thresholding is performed for HH and LH sub-bands while soft thresholding is used in LL and HL sub-bands of the decomposed images. Three types of noise is encountered: Gaussian noise, salt & pepper noise and speckle noise. The measurements are employed to evaluate our work is MSE and PSNR and SSIM. Finally a comparison of the results shows that our method outperforms traditional wavelet using hard or soft thresholding.

Mixed reality interfaces for achieving desired views with robotic X-ray systems

ABSTRACT Robotic X-ray C-arm imaging systems can precisely achieve any position and orientation relative to the patient. Informing the system, however, what pose exactly corresponds to a desired view is challenging. Currently these systems are operated by the surgeon using joysticks, but this interaction is not necessarily effective because users may be unable to efficiently actuate more than a single axis of the system simultaneously. Moreover, novel robotic imaging systems, such as the Brainlab Loop-X, allow for independent source and detector movements, adding complexity. To address this challenge, we consider complementary interfaces for the surgeon to command robotic X-ray systems effectively. Specifically, we consider three interaction paradigms: (1) the use of a pointer to specify the principal ray of the desired view, (2) the same pointer, but combined with a mixed reality environment to synchronously render digitally reconstructed radiographs from the tool’s pose, and (3) the same mixed reality environment but with a virtual X-ray source instead of the pointer. Human-in-the-loop evaluation with an attending trauma surgeon indicates that mixed reality interfaces for robotic X-ray system control are promising and may contribute to substantially reducing the number of images acquired solely during ‘fluoro hunting’ for the desired view or standard plane.

Editors’ Introduction

Editors’ Introduction

Liking that It Hurts: The Case of the Masochist and Second-Order Desire Accounts of Pain's Unpleasantness

AbstractRecent work on pain focuses on the question “what makes pains unpleasant.” Second-order desire views claim that the unpleasantness of pain consists in a second-order intrinsic desire that the pain experience itself cease or stop. This paper considers a significant objection to Second-order desire views by considering the case of the masochist. It is argued that various ways in which the Second-order desire view might try to account for the case of the masochist encounter problems. The conclusion is that until there is a convincing explanation of how Second-order desire views can handle masochistic psychology, theorists should look elsewhere for an account of pains unpleasantness.

Social Networking in Adolescents: Time, Type and Motives of Using, Social Desirability, and Communication Choices.

The evolution of digital media has changed the patterns and motives for its use among adolescents and has impacted their communication choices within their family and social networks. The objectives of this study are to understand whether peers communicate through a social network (SN) or by voice and their view of the relative social desirability of these alternatives. After the informant’s consent signature, adolescents completed a series of self-report questionnaires on the use of SN, communication preferences, and social desirability online. Most of the adolescents belonged to the 17–19 age group (83.6%) and were female (68.9%). Adolescents spent more than 3 h/day on Whatsapp and more than 2 h/day on Instagram, while the use of Facebook was on average only 35 min/day. Females used digital media longer than males. Adolescents aged 17–19 years choose more Facebook and voice modes compared to adolescents aged 14 and 16 years. Alternative modes of Whatsapp and voice were chosen more than social networks in their communication strategies, especially for negative topics. Motives for use were, in addition to boredom, related to maintaining one’s social sphere with peers. Some educative considerations were made based on these results.

Beyond craving: Appetitive desire as a motivational antecedent of goal‐directed action intentions

AbstractSelf‐regulation is generally considered a process of constraining appetitive desire motivation toward goal‐inconsistent objects and actions through rationality‐based (volitive) motivation. The predominant temptation‐focused view of appetitive desire focuses on cravings and self‐control dilemmas, overlooking the beneficial role of appetitive desire in motivating many types of goal‐directed action intentions. We extend this line of research based in the philosophy of action theoretical perspective by proposing that appetitive desire is broader than cravings and it positively influences goal‐consistent action intentions by strengthening volitive desire motivation. Appetitive desire toward goal means containing pleasurable features provides reasons for enacting goal‐consistent actions, which energizes intention formation through volitive desire. Thus, appetitive desire often plays an instrumental rather than detrimental motivational role in reasoned action toward goal pursuit. Three studies, one measurement‐based and two experimental, involving different goal‐directed action contexts, demonstrate that goal means associated with high (vs. low) appetitive desire result in greater volitive desire, which strengthens intentions to enact the goal means. Our results contribute to an expanded understanding of appetitive desire, beyond craving and temptation, as a positive antecedent in the causal sequences of appetitive desire→volitive desire→intentions in the context of consumer goal pursuit.

Sappho, Hegel and Michael Field: Paradox and desire in lyric III

This article offers a close reading of Katharine Bradley and Edith Cooper’s lyric III in Long Ago, a Sapphic volume of verse published in 1889 under the collaborative nom de plume of Michael Field. This collection articulates a dramatic inquiry into the tragedy of unrequited love in a long cycle of lyrics whose third piece most effectively encapsulates the kernel of what the Fields reconstruct as Sappho’s ambivalent eroticism. The outcome of this reconstruction, as analysed in light of lyric III, is a consistent Hegelian view of desire that subsumes a complex system of tropes, myths, paradoxes and imaginative strategies under an overarching ideology of desire as a radical experience of appropriation, violence and self-destruction.

Fetal esophageal imaging: Early pregnancy as a window of opportunity

To describe the sonographic appearance of the fetal esophagus during early pregnancy and evaluate the feasibility of imaging the entire esophageal length. In addition, we present a case of disrupted esophageal continuity, subsequently diagnosed with esophageal atresia (EA). A prospective observational study of 145 patients. During the early second trimester anomaly scan performed at 12-17weeks' gestation the entire esophagus was captured in a single sonographic image at the midsagittal plane (one shot technique). Postnatal follow-up of esophageal patency included review of medical records and telephone interviews. Complete visualization of the esophagus (neck to diaphragm) was possible in 144 cases. In 88% of cases the esophagus was demonstrated by transvaginal approach. The time required to obtain the desired view of the esophagus, once the fetus was in an optimal position, was on average 13s (range: 5-30s). In one case at 15 weeks' gestation, the cervical segment of the esophagus was demonstrated while the lower thoracic segment was not identified. Subsequently EA was diagnosed. It is feasible to demonstrate the entire esophagus during early second trimester anomaly scan. An early second trimester anomaly scan may serve as a window of opportunity for EA screening.

Current issues of managing the military and economic activity of the State as part of strategic planning for the national development

Subject. The article deals with the management of resource supply and economic support to the military construction in terms of the national socio-economic development. Objectives. We evaluate whether it is possible to establish the uniform, structurally coherent system for industrial, S&T, budgetary, social and spatial planning of the military provisioning in the Russian Federation, considering the coercive growth of the national economy and the protection of the social stability and security. Methods. The study is based on the methodological approach that accounts for limited governmental resources and specific resources that could be allocated for key development activities of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Results. We discovered that a set of military construction activities is determined by carrying out the comparative analysis of the current and desired views of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, generating possible organizational and technological actions to switch from the current state to the required one, making the preliminary estimation of costs and time of such options and choosing the most appropriate one. The multivariate systems approach to evaluating the current state of the military complex and future development should be the basis for choosing the necessary volume of military production to ensure the promising future of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, since such an approach provides for comprehensive research into material production. Conclusions and Relevance. During the preparation of program documentation on the technological base, the military complex gets a real opportunity to agree the technological parameters both with developers and manufacturers and the economic block of the government, thus raising the quality of strategic planning and ensure its implementation as much as possible.

Locally operated assistant manipulators with selectable connection system for robotically assisted laparoscopic solo surgery.

By integrating locally operated surgical assistant robots in a sterilized area, a surgeon can perform safe robotically assisted laparoscopic solo surgery while controlling a laparoscope-holding robot and a forceps robot. At present, there is no leader-follower control system with switchable connection for the leader device in which each assistant follower robot can provide the manipulation intuitively and easily. In the present study, a new locally operated leader-follower selectable control system has been developed. The leader-follower system was developed to connect one leader operating device and one of two selectable follower assistant manipulator devices with different numbers of axes, kinematics models, sensors, and actuators for view stabilization and pulling organs. The system is constructed using the middleware of the ORiN-based medical robot architecture MRLink. The system is regulated by the robot integrator application with unilateral leader-follower PTP using the relative displacement between the leader device and the selected follower device through providers of device interface including the information and control commands. The execution cycle for updating the position was 50ms, and the time delay to catch up with the same position was 100ms. Two assistant manipulators controlled by the leader-follower selectable system could successfully produce the desired view and handle the target organ model for 17min in a simulated laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A locally operated leader-follower selectable control system was constructed to facilitate minimally invasive, robotically assisted laparoscopic solo surgery by a doctor working near the patient. This system could be used for such applications.

Towards Standardized Acquisition with a Dual-probe Ultrasound Robot for Fetal Imaging.

Standardized acquisitions and diagnoses using robots and AI would potentially increase the general usability and reliability of medical ultrasound. Working towards this prospect, this paper presents the recent developments of a standardized acquisition workflow using a novel dual-probe ultrasound robot, for a project known as intelligent Fetal Imaging and Diagnosis (iFIND). The workflow includes an abdominal surface mapping step to obtain a non-parametric spline surface, a rule-based end-point calculation method to position each individual joint, and a motor synchronization method to achieve a smooth motion towards a target point. The design and implementation of the robot are first presented in this paper and the proposed workflow is then explained in detail with simulation and volunteer experiments performed and analyzed. The closed-form analytical solution to the specific motion planning problem has demonstrated a reliable performance controlling the robot to move towards the expected scanning areas and the calculated proximity of the robot to the surface shows that the robot maintains a safe distance while moving around the abdomen. The volunteer study has successfully demonstrated the reliable working and controllability of the robot in terms of acquiring desired ultrasound views. Our future work will focus on improving the motion planning, and on integrating the proposed standardized acquisition workflow with newly- developed ultrasound image processing methods to obtain diagnostic results in an accurate and consistent way.

Theoretical Study on Aluminum Oxide Cluster Anions A12Ox− (x=2−5) with Rhombus Structure

AbstractThe rhombus structure of small aluminum‐oxygen clusters anions, A12Ox− (x=2−5), were constructed using high‐accuracy quantum chemical calculations. Of the presented DFT‐D methods, M05‐2X, M06‐2X, and ωB97X‐D functionals are comparable to MP2 level to perform well for determination of the properties of the anionic clusters. The rhombus‐type Al2O2− cluster has a desired D2h cyclic structural view. The most favored Al2O3− isomer is evolved from the D2h cyclic Al2O2− structure generated by adding the third O atom to the Al atom. The Al2O4− with rhombus structure probably has two coexist low‐lying isomers, one symmetric D2h and the other C2v “twisted pair”, and stability of the former is in preference over that of the latter. The most probable Al2O5− structure would be made by replacing a terminal O atom of the symmetric D2h A12O4− with an O2 unit. Consequently, structures of the most stable anionic clusters possess a rhombus character. Moreover, our findings also suggest that the more oxygen atoms the anionic cluster has, the more stable the structure is, and the stronger the H2O effect is. Beyond that, for the identified cluster anion with same degree of oxidation the symmetric structure becomes more stable with respect to the asymmetric analog, however, the H2O effect on the asymmetric geometry turns out to be predominant, in comparison with the symmetric case.

A Model for Locating Tall Buildings through a Visual Analysis Approach

Tall buildings have become an integral part of cities despite all their pros and cons. Some current tall buildings have several problems because of their unsuitable location; the problems include increasing density, imposing traffic on urban thoroughfares, blocking view corridors, etc. Some of these buildings have destroyed desirable views of the city. In this research, different criteria have been chosen, such as environment, access, social-economic, land-use, and physical context. These criteria and sub-criteria are prioritized and weighted by the analytic network process (ANP) based on experts’ opinions, using Super Decisions V2.8 software. On the other hand, layers corresponding to sub-criteria were made in ArcGIS 10.3 simultaneously, then via a weighted overlay (map algebra), a locating plan was created. In the next step seven hypothetical tall buildings (20 stories), in the best part of the locating plan, were considered to evaluate how much of theses hypothetical buildings would be visible (fuzzy visibility) from the street and open spaces throughout the city. These processes have been modeled by MATLAB software, and the final fuzzy visibility plan was created by ArcGIS. Fuzzy visibility results can help city managers and planners to choose which location is suitable for a tall building and how much visibility may be appropriate. The proposed model can locate tall buildings based on technical and visual criteria in the future development of the city and it can be widely used in any city as long as the criteria and weights are localized.

Tıp Öğrencilerinin Tıpta Uzmanlık Tercihlerini Etkileyen Faktörler Üzerine Sistematik Derleme

The aim of this study is to determine how medical students' preferences in specialty in change over time. Studies involving this subject has been compiled about the medical students in Turkey, to determine what factors affecting preferences in speciality in Thus, an overall assessment will be made and an evidence-based policy proposal will be developed regarding the results obtained. Systematic review method was used in this study. For this purpose in Turkish and English languages, ULAKBIM, Google Scholar, Science Direct database in Examination for specialty in Student and Turkey search using keywords have been made. Nine studies compatible with the determined criteria were included in the review. In this review, the factors affecting the preferences of medical students were investigated and it was found that many factors affected the preferences of the students. The result factors were categorized as before specialty education in medicine and after specialty education in medicine. This categorization has made it easier to see the results more clearly and to propose solutions. Before specialty education in process, as the most influential factors of the preferences of specialty, interest / talent in the field of specialization, perception / view of society and family desire / pressure has ben determined. After specialty education in medicine, as the most influential factors of preferences in specialty, financial satisfaction, working conditions (number of shift, working hours, ease of working), academic career opportunity, professional satisfaction, personal development, career chance and malpractice has ben determined. It was observed that the studies discussed in the review have similarities with each other in various aspects, but differed in terms of both scope and content..

Desire and Ambition: The Catalyst of failure in O’Neill’s Beyond the Horizon


 The present paper tries to consider Eugene O’Neill’s Beyond the Horizon and find answers to the questions about men’s desires towards their life. Man and woman have deferent types of desire in their whole life. O’Neill poses the story about the desire of life and love affairs and the interactions between two brothers in one hand and a girl on the other hand. This play tries to reflect a realistic view of different desire of men and women. He uses the character Robert and Ruth to show that man’s urgent need for sexual pleasure causes him to use romantic and emotional pleasure causes her not to see the fire under the clash. O’Neill, throughout the play, emphasizes the importance of having desire in one’s life as something real that can be found in any human being.

老子의 脫自我論과 佛敎의 無我論比較硏究 - 물질과 욕망의 관점을 중심으로 -

본 논문은 노자와 불교의 사상을 통해 물질과 욕망의 종속관계에 대하여 비교, 고찰하는데 그 목적이 있다. 춘추시대는 전쟁으로 살육이 자행되고 통치자가 전횡을 일삼던 시대였다. 노자는 이러한 약육강식의 현실앞에서 한발 물러서는 방법으로 無爲自然을 설파하였다. 그러나 무위는 현실의 도피나 물러섬이 아닌 인간의 허위의식과 탐욕으로 굴곡진 세계안에서 지혜로운 삶의 길을 내포하고 있다.<BR> 노자는 道를 근본으로 하고 사물을 있는 그대로의 소박한 자연으로 보았으며, 인위적인 思考에서 벗어날 것을 강조하고 도를 따르는 사람들은 사사로운 마음이 없어 천지와 같아 검약하고 덕이 쌓여 욕망에 자신을 내맡기지 않는다고 말하였다. 반면 불교에서 제시한 무아론은 인간의 육체와 감각작용 그리고 모든 물질은 그 고정된 실체가 없는 空에 불과하다고 주장하였다. 여기서 無我는 삼라만상과 함께 인간도 無常하므로 자아의 의식과 對象에 대한 욕망 또한 그 실체가 없다고 규정하고 있다.<BR> 그러나 이러한 무아를 단순히 소멸의 주체로만 볼 수는 없다. 즉‘깨달음’을 추구하는 진리의 주체이기 때문이다. 붓다는 이 세계는 아트만과 같은 궁극의 실체는 없으며, 萬象이 변화한다는 진리를 깨닫고 五蘊으로 구성된 자아의 번뇌와 욕망 또한 緣起에 의해 변화(생멸)를 거듭한다고 보았다. 이 논리는 노자의 無爲論이 추구하는 점과 다음과 같은 同異가 있었다. 불교는 번뇌와 욕망의 주체(자아)조차 해체(無我)한 반면, 노자는 탈자아적 관점에서 자아의 내면에 있는 욕망적 대상에서 벗어날 것을 주장하여 그 함의에 차이가 있었다.<BR> 다만 노자의 무위론이 인간의 자유와 존엄성이 망각된 제도화된 사회 안에서 나타나는 자아의 위선과 욕망에 대한 비판의식에서 출발하여 무위자연에 천착하였으며, 불교가 인간의 욕망을 無明에 의한 三毒(탐,진,치)에서 비롯된다고 본 점, 그리고 노자가 사물을 氣의 응집과 소멸을 통한 변화로 보고 불교 역시 사물을 고정불변의 실체가 없는 변화의 존재로 인식한 점에서 놓아버림, 비움, 물러섬, 깨달음이라는 공통된 지향성이 도출되었다.

ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE OF MANAGEMENT OF SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITY OF STUDENTS: VECTOR OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT (ON THE EXAMPLE OF ADYGHEA STATE UNIVERSITY)

The article, based on the methods of K. Cameron and R. Quinn, analyzes the current organizational culture of managing the research activities of students of the Adygea State University. Diagnostic results showed a gap between the actual and desired views of the leaders of the SSS of structural units, as well as between them and the mission and development strategy of the university. The authors of the article made recommendations on strengthening the innovative component of the organizational culture of NIDS management.