Vietnamese Language Research Articles

Changes in Vietnamese language from globalization and localization

The paper demonstrates the role of globalization and localization in the process of Vietnam’s interaction and integration with other cultures, causing changes in Vietnamese language. Globalization is defined as the free movement of goods, services and people of the worldwide scope across the borders of countries, resulted from the opening up of the global economy and advances of technologies. The increasing interconnectedness and integration of the economies of the world furnish more influx of information among countries which do not have anything in common and Internet and social media well contribute to such spread. Not only the pros but the cons of globalization are used to explain the part of localization as the entire process of adapting a product or content to a specific location or market. The paper indicates localization as the Vietnamese people’s endeavor to adapt Vietnamese language to the world while protecting and enhancing the national characters. The differences between localization and globalization are analyzed to demonstrate the value and requirements of localization in the present time. The influences of Sino-Vietnamese and French language are also found out as evidences of the phenomena. The changes of Vietnamese language from globalization and localization are illustrated with devices, ideas and images referring to the objects, actions or ideas.

Not just a monastery: The Đông Duong Complex of Vietnam

In this article we provide a critical re-examination of the sites associated with the “Đông Duong Buddhist Monastery” of the Champā civilization in Quảng Nam province, Vietnam. We argue this re-examination is needed because contemporary understandings are based on research that is more than 100 years old. While Vietnamese language research has progressed, until now, no English language publication has provided an update on the Đông Dương complex sites, including watchtowers, a citadel, relations with nearby ports, religious sites, a production site, and funerary sites, all associated with the Indrapura polity of Champā.

SYMBOLIC IMAGE WITH NEGATIVE NUANCE OF ZODIAC ANIMALS BEING DOMESTIC ANIMALS IN KOREAN AND VIETNAMESE PROVERBS

Symbolic images with negative nuance of domestic animals in proverbs is the result of symbolizing aesthetic materials with negative nuance. Vietnamese people and Korean people have many similarities in symbolizing negative features of zodiac animals being domestic animals into symbolic images with negative nuance. This is proved by 26 symbolic images with both partial and impartial homogeneity in terms of number and species of zodiac animals. The differences in the way of thinking and perceiving the world of Vietnamese and Korean people are also reflected in proverbial units of zodiac animals being domestic animals. The corpus of Korean language has 15 blanks, and the corpus of Vietnamese language has 3 blanks of zodiac animals, which are the materials to establish symbolic images with negative nuance in proverbs.

Euphemism of Human Physiological Needs From the Perspective of Chinese and Vietnamese

It can be said that the language reflected a national identity, its contains the nation's cultural background and ways of thinking. Euphemism reflects a national cultural system and embodies different cultural patterns. There are a lot of cultural connotations in Chinese and Vietnamese language, although there are a lot of similarities between them, but there are still differences in the way of thinking and expression. By exploring the relationship between language and cultural factors and the influence of word euphemism, euphemism can be seen in two languages in language and culture two aspects of the homogeneous and heterogeneous. On language factor terms, two languages are using assonance to replace human nature discharge, whilst the dissimilaries are metonymy, loan word and personification. On culture factor terms, the convergences are metonymy and application of the semantically-contrary-word-euphemism, whilst the difference is Chinese euphemism using allusion but Vietnamese euphemism does not.

Normative Nasalance Values in Vietnamese With Southern Dialect: Vowel and Tone Effects.

Purpose The purpose of the current study was to examine normative nasalance values in Vietnamese adult speakers with Southern dialect and to investigate the effects of vowels and tones on nasalance. Previous studies examining nasalance have been mainly conducted with Indo-European languages. Limited information on nasalance is available in tone languages other than Chinese. Furthermore, tone and vowel effects on nasalance scores in tone languages have not been fully examined. Method Nasalance scores of various speech stimuli including passages, syllables, and prolonged vowels were obtained from Vietnamese-speaking adults with Southern dialect (M age = 23 years) using a nasometer (KayPENTAX 6450). Results The average nasalance scores of Southern Vietnamese adult speakers were 24.16%, 38.17%, and 70.03% for the oral, oral-nasal, and nasal passages, respectively. Southern Vietnamese speakers produced the highest nasalance scores on the vowel /a/, followed by /i/ and /u/. Nasalance scores of stimuli produced with the falling and restricted tone were significantly lower than those produced with the other tones. Conclusions The normative nasalance values of the current study will contribute as a reference index for the Vietnamese language. The effects of vowels and tones can also provide insight into the development of nasalance testing stimuli and for characterizing nasalance values across languages.

The politicisation of social anchoring: language support and community building within Vietnamese refugee-led organisations in London

ABSTRACT This article explores relationships between language support practices and community development in the context of Vietnamese Refugee Community Organisations (RCOs) in London, which were formed in the 1980s to meet the needs of Vietnamese refugee communities. Drawing on interviews with practitioners working within London-based Vietnamese RCOs, the article examines the multi-faceted role of language support in contributing to refugee adaptation. It draws upon the conceptual framework of social anchoring to analyse how Vietnamese RCOs support refugees’ initial adjustment and longer-term adaptation through multiple language support provisions, including interpreting and translation, English as a Second Language (ESOL) and Vietnamese language classes. A key contribution of the article is its analysis of the ways in which language-related anchoring processes have been politicised through shifting state-led approaches to integration, reductions in funding for RCOs and a growing emphasis on English language over support for minority language practices. The findings also demonstrate how social anchoring processes within RCOs have been reconfigured in response to the diverse needs of refugee communities.

Cross-linguistic influence on the use of L2 collocations: the case of Vietnamese learners

AbstractUsing collocation is a key part of second language ability (Granger, Sylviane. 2018. Formulaic sequences in learner corpora: Collocations and lexical bundles. In Anna Siyanova-Chanturia & Ana Pellicer-Sanchez (eds.),Understanding formulaic language: A second language acquisition perspective, 228–247. New York: Routledge; Nattinger, James R. & Jeamette S. DeCarrico. 1992.Lexical phrases and language teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press; Nesselhauf, Nadja. 2004.Collocations in a learner corpus. Amsterdam; Philadelphia: J. Benjamins Pub. Co.; Pawley, Andrew & Frances H. Syder. 1983. Two puzzles for linguistics: Nativelike selection and nativelike fluency. In Jack Richards & Richard W. Schmidt (eds.),Language and communication, 191–228. London: Longman). Researchers often hypothesize that the influence of the first language is an important factor in the production and understanding of unconventional collocations (Huang, Li-Shi. 2001. Knowledge of English collocations: An analysis of Taiwanese EFL learners.Paper presented at the Texas Foreign Languguage Education Conference, Texas; Laufer, Bhatia & Tina Waldman. 2011. Verb-noun collocations in second language writing: A corpus analysis of learners’ English.Language Learning61(2). 647–672.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9922.2010.00621.x; Phoocharoensil, Supakorn. 2013. Cross-linguistic influence: Its impact on L2 English collocation production.English Language Teaching6(1). 1–10) but we are only now starting to understand this. The present study provides a robust investigation of cross-linguistic influences by exploring how Vietnamese influenced Vietnamese learners’ use of English language verb-noun and adjective noun collocations in 104 350-word argumentative essays, using a framework derived from Jarvis, Scott. 2012. The detection-based approach: An overview. In S. Jarvis & S. A. Crossley (eds.),Approaching language transfer through text classification: Explorations in the detection-based approach, 1st ed., Vol. 64, 1–33. Bristol: Multilingual Matters, drawing on homogeneity among speakers of Vietnamese; heterogeneity between users of Vietnamese and other language; and formal and conceptual congruity between collocations learners produce in English and equivalent terms in Vietnamese. The study found that less than 10% of the collocations learners produced were unconventional and of these, 40% of collocations were influenced by the first language (L1); errors associated with incorrect use of prepositions in verb-noun collocations (e.g. the addition, omission or misuse of prepositions) are strongly L1-motivated. Learners make errors with not only incongruent collocations (collocations with no direct L1 equivalents) but also with congruent collocations (collocations with direct L1 translation).

The first FOSD-tacotron-2-based text-to-speech application for Vietnamese

Recently, with the development and deployment of voicebots which help to minimize personnels at call centers, text-to-speech (TTS) systems supporting English and Chinese have attracted attentions of researchers and corporates worldwide. However, there is very limited published works in TTS developed for Vietnamese. Thus, this paper presents in detail the first Tacotron-2-based TTS application development for Vietnamese that utilizes the publicly available FPT open speech dataset (FOSD) containing approximately 30 hours of labeled audio files together with their transcripts. The dataset was made available by FPT Corporation with an open access license. A new cleaner was developed for supporting Vietnamese language rather than English which was provided by default in Mozilla TTS source code. After 225,000 training steps, the generated speeches have mean opinion score (MOS) well above the average value of 2.50 and center around 3.00 for both clearness and naturalness in a crowd-source survey.

Позначення українських соціополітичних реалій у в’єтнамській мові

Позначення українських соціополітичних реалій у в’єтнамській мові

Motivation to Participate in Precision Health Research and Acceptability of Texting as a Recruitment and Intervention Strategy Among Vietnamese Americans: Qualitative Study.

BackgroundThe largest effort undertaken in precision health research is the Precision Medicine Initiative (PMI), also known as the All of Us Research Program, which aims to include 1 million or more participants to be a part of a diverse database that can help revolutionize precision health research studies. Research participation from Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders in precision health research is, however, limited; this includes Vietnamese Americans, especially those with limited English proficiency. PMI engagement efforts with underserved communities, including members of minority populations or individuals who have experienced health disparities such as Vietnamese Americans with limited English proficiency, may help to enrich the diversity of the PMI.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to examine the attitudes towards and perceptions of precision health, motivations and barriers to participation in precision health research, and acceptability of SMS text messaging as a recruitment and intervention strategy among underserved Vietnamese Americans.MethodsA community sample of 37 Vietnamese Americans completed a survey and participated in one of 3 focus groups classified by age (18-30, 31-59, and ≥60 years) on topics related to precision health, participation in precision health research, texting or social media use experience, and insights on how to use text messages for recruitment and intervention. Participants were recruited via community organizations that serve Vietnamese Americans, flyers, word of mouth, and Vietnamese language radio announcements.ResultsMost participants had little knowledge of precision health initially. After brief education, they had positive attitudes toward precision health, although the motivation to participate in precision health research varied by age and prior experience of research participation. The main motivators to participate included the desire for more knowledge and more representation of Vietnamese Americans in research. Participants were open to receiving text messages as part of their research participation and provided specific suggestions on the design and delivery of such messages (eg, simple, in both English and Vietnamese). Examples of barriers included misinterpretation of messages, cost (to send text messages), and preferences for different texting platforms across age groups.ConclusionsThis study represents one of the first formative research studies to recruit underserved Vietnamese Americans to precision health research. It is critical to understand target communities’ motivations and barriers to participation in research. Delivering culturally appropriate text messages via age-appropriate texting and social media platforms may be an effective recruitment and intervention strategy. The next step is to develop and examine the feasibility of a culturally tailored precision health texting strategy for Vietnamese Americans.

A Study of the History of Chinese Characters and Chinese Idioms Used in Vietnam

The history of the use of Chinese characters in Vietnam can be said to be the history of Vietnam. This is because of the influx of Chinese characters into Vietnam which began in 207 B.C. when a Chinese official from the Qin dynasty established Vietnam''s first ancient state. The long history of Chinese characters in Vietnam has had a profound influence on the Vietnamese language and the language culture of the Vietnamese, and is exemplified by Vietnamese idioms in Chinese characters. The Vietnamese idioms in Chinese characters are somewhat different in form and meaning as Chinese idioms were introduced into Vietnam and translated into Vietnamese. Therefore, it can be said that Vietnamese idioms in Chinese characters contain characteristic elements of Vietnamese language and Vietnamese culture. Given these circumstances, the characteristics in form and meaning of Vietnamese idioms in Chinese characters are classified into three types referred to in this paper as isomorphic synonym types, homonymous types, and heteromorphic synonym types.

The Meanings and Structural Forms of the Measure Word for Nouns in Chinese and Vietnamese

In the field of language research, the measure word is an interesting research topic. In the world language, some languages have measure words, some languages have not. Both Chinese and Vietnamese belong to the language rich in measure words, but due to the differences in language system, cognition and cultural color, there are some differences in the expression of their syntactic structure of the measure word for noun. This study starts from the comparison of Chinese and Vietnamese languages, focusing on the meaning and structure of the measure word for noun commonly used in Chinese and Vietnamese, in order to find the similarities and differences between them.

Developing Cognitive Ability for Pre-schoolers through Accustomation to Reading Vietnamese

From the past to the present, human has mostly accumulated and passed on knowledge through the source of documents such as books. However, to day the "lazy reading" situation is popular among young people, which is one of the causes of passivity in research and learning of students. Teaching children to read Vietnamese since they were still in preschool level to help shape and develop the ability to read children is still a matter of concern. It is being studied and considered to be applied in teaching practice and academic research. With the goal of sharing the benefits of teaching preschool children to read Vietnamese language, the paper presents the research results on children's reading ability, the process of teaching children to read Vietnamese early in each period. The article results can be used as a reference for the study, for parents who want to teach their children Vietnamese literacy.

Semantic peculiarities of translation of military ranks in the Vietnamese language

The process of translating nomenclature concepts is quite complicated, which prompts the translator to find realias in their native language. Accurate translation and finding proper equivalents require standardization and unification of the systems of nomenclature concepts of military terms in the original and target languages. An attempt is made to standardize and explain the rules of utilization and translation of the system of military ranks based on their semantic peculiarities in the Russian and Vietnamese languages. The author makes brief notes on the translation of military ranks and spoken forms of military greetings. Despite the sufficient coverage of the topic of semantic peculiarities of terminology, it retains relevant. The question of translating military ranks along with other nomenclature terms in the Vietnamese language, raises some questions. The author provides a general overview of the system of military ranks, determines similarities and differences, and attempts to develop a unified approach towards translation of these nomenclature concepts in the original and target languages. The article employs the comparative and descriptive methods of research. The acquired results demonstrate that the question of translation equivalence should be explored only through comparative analysis. The presented materials can be applied in lexicography and translation practice.

VẤN ĐỀ LỰA CHỌN NGÔN NGỮ TIẾNG VIỆT TRONG TIỂU THUYẾT CỦA MỘT SỐ NHÀ VĂN HẢI NGOẠI ĐƯƠNG ĐẠI

Different from domestic writers, overseas Vietnamese writers have to select language to creat: first language (Mother Tongues - Vietnamese) or second language (Non-native language). Vietnamese language selection issues in novels by some overseas female Vietnamese writers not only refer to selection language to creat (literature as type a language art) but also attitudes to Vietnamese language and cultute. Therefore, the research language issues in novels by some overseas Vietnamese writers contributes to assert values and roles of overseas writers in conservation and development Vietnamese abroad.

Borrowings in military terminology of the modern Vietnamese language

This article is dedicated to the analysis of techniques of external enrichment of terminology of the Vietnamese language. An attempt is made to examine the phenomenon of borrowing of foreign words in military terminology of the modern Vietnamese language. The author explores the factors of borrowing, carries out classification by origin and source of borrowing. The relevance of this work is defined by the need to systematize knowledge on the foreign borrowings in military terminology of Vietnamese language at the current stage of its development, rapid advancement of military science, new technologies, integration of Vietnam into the global community, and, thus, the emergence of vast foreign lexicon from Western languages, including in terminology. The novelty consists in systematization, generalization, and analysis of the methods of foreign borrowing in Vietnamese language and sectoral terminologies, particularly in military terminology. The conclusion is made that military terminology of Vietnamese language contains 80% of borrowings from foreign languages. According to the source of borrowing, foreign words are divided into two groups: of Sino origin (Hán Việt), and of Indo-European origin. The basis of borrowings is comprised of the terms of Hán Việt origin, which in have assimilated and currently are fully functional units of Vietnamese language. At the present stage, most of the words are borrowed from the English language; the majority of loanwords from European languages in Vietnamese language are attributes to semantic (word-forming and semantic calques). This method of borrowing often makes the terms too complex, difficult to remember and use. Borrowings from European languages, which currently infiltrate into Vietnamese language without changing their graphic form, are pronounced in accordance with the phonetic norms of Vietnamese language.

Vietnamese Writer Hồ Biểu Chánh and His Adaptation of Dostoevsky's «Crime and Punishment»

Hồ Biểu Chánh (1884–1958) was a novelist, playwright, translator, scholar, who was considered as one of pioneers of modern Vietnamese novel. In his literary legacy there were many novels adapted from foreign literature, and «A Despondent Man» (Người thất chí) published in 1938 was among them. The plot of this novel was borrowed from Dostoevsky's «Crime and Punishment». This article gives some comparisons between «A Despondent Man» and «Crime and Punishment» to show how the Vietnamese writer perceived Dostoevsky's socio-psychological and socio-philosophical novel and based on its plot to create his own work in Vietnamese language.

Resocialization as prevention of deviant behavior in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam: a review of legislation and practice

The Vietnamese government has set the task of creating a prosperous people and a strong, democratic society, a just and civilized country. This task cannot be achieved without a sound domestic policy that includes the fight against anti-social phenomena such as domestic drunkenness, chronic alcoholism, and drug addiction as an essential component, which create the ground for criminogenic behavior. The Objective of the study is to study the basic acts of Vietnamese legislation on the regulation of the prevention of deviant behavior among alcoholics and drug addicts and the resocialization of persons who committed crimes and are in prison, as well as those released from them. The general methodological basis is represented by the dialectical method, which allowed studying the research object in development to establish the corresponding cause-and-effect relationships. The authors used general scientific methods, including analysis and synthesis, induction, and deduction methods, to obtain reliable and scientifically significant results. Attention is drawn to the specific methods of resocialization combined with methadone treatment for drug addicts in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, the conditions and regime of such treatment, and specific individuals’ responsibilities. In the twenty-first century, there are gradual changes in the worldview of the political leadership and the legal practice of Vietnam concerning people with addictions that can be treated and corrected. This has led to the adoption of evidence-based resocialization methods, particularly the use of methadone substitution therapy for drug addicts. Russian scientists are actively engaged in the problem of resocialization in the context of Russian criminal law issues. This article is the first to raise the issue of the Vietnamese approach, information about which is taken from sources in the Vietnamese language.

Phonological Structure of Indonesian and Vietnamese Language: A Contrastive Analysis

Phonological Structure of Indonesian and Vietnamese Language: A Contrastive Analysis

Conceptual structural metaphors in economic discourse in the titles of Vietnamese and Russian newspapers

The goal of this research is the analysis of structural metaphors in economic discourse in the titles of Vietnamese and Russian newspapers, as well as determination of the principal metaphoric models in the titles of Vietnamese and Russian media. The article employs the material from the original sources. The main research methods include component analysis, comparative analysis, and method of continuous sampling. As a result, the author highlights the peculiarities of conceptual structural metaphor and principal metaphorical models in the titles of Vietnamese and Russian economic texts: economics is the battlefield; economics is the weather; economics is the health condition; economics is the sports. Description is given to the peculiarities of conceptual structural metaphors in the titles of the leading Vietnamese and Russian economic newspapers. The acquired materials can be applied in translation practice, as well as textbooks on the stylistics of Vietnamese and Russian languages. The conducted research is also valuable for comparing linguocultures of the two languages. The conclusion is made that the conceptual structural metaphors are actively used in the titles of Vietnamese and Russian publicistic articles of economic nature.