Narrative Video Research Articles

Developing a Tailored Website for Promoting Awareness about Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Among Blacks in Community-Based Settings

ABSTRACTBlacks are at greater risk for lower sleep quality and higher risk for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) than other racial groups. In this study, we summarize the development of a tailored website including visuals, key messages, and video narratives, to promote awareness about sleep apnea among community-dwelling blacks. We utilized mixed methods, including in-depth interviews, usability-testing procedures, and brief surveys (n = 9, 55% female, 100% black, average age 38.5 years). Themes from the qualitative analysis illuminated varied knowledge regarding OSA symptoms and prevalent self-reported experience with sleep disturbance and OSA symptoms (e.g., snoring). On a scale from 1 (not at all) to 5 (very high), participants provided favorable ratings of website usefulness (mean = 4.9), user friendliness (mean = 4.9) and attractiveness (mean = 4.3). Our findings suggest although tailored health communication has potential for serving as a tool for advancing health equity, usability-testing of health materials is critical to ensure that culturally and linguistically tailored messages are acceptable and actionable in the intended population.

Las “perspectivas caleidoscópicas” en los videos musicales Afterlife y Porno: from the Reflektor Tapes de Arcade Fire

Este artículo desarrolla la noción de “perspectiva caleidoscópica” en dos videos musicales pertenecientes a la banda canadiense Arcade Fire titulados Afterlife y Porno: from the Reflektor Tapes. Estos trabajos audiovisuales exponen tres tópicos fundamentales: el mito de Orfeo y Eurídice, el componente negro o “la negritud”, característico de Brasil y Haití, y los procesos ritualísticos asociados a las comunidades afrocaribeñas como el vudú o la santería candomblé. La manera como estos tópicos son insertados en la narrativa de los videos musicales permite suponer que existe, en estos, un juego constante de apropiaciones y distanciamientos, en simultaneidad, los cuales asemejan a la dinámica de los caleidoscopios, y que son usados en los videos con fines estéticos. El producto final del uso de estas dinámicas es la presentación de dos videos musicales que trascienden su función de productos promocionales y de marketing para convertirse en trabajos artísticos que reivindican las prácticas identitarias de la comunidad afrocaribeña. Palabras claves: medios audiovisuales, identidad cultural, Caribe, Brasil

Facilitator or Inhibitor? The Use of 360-Degree Videos for Immersive Brand Storytelling

ABSTRACTThis study compares a 360-degree narrative video ad with a standard narrative video ad in terms of transportation, ad usefulness, emotional responses, ad attitudes, and brand attitudes. Hypotheses are proposed based on the narrative transportation and the limited capacity model of motivated mediated message processing (LC4MP) theoretical frameworks and tested using an experimental method. Results demonstrate that the difference in ad effectiveness between a 360-degree narrative video and a standard narrative video becomes significant under the condition that the role of perceived ease of navigation is considered. In particular, a 360-degree narrative video ad outperforms a standard narrative video ad when viewers navigate smoothly, use visual and/or auditory cues to enhance the viewing experience, clearly know where the desired point of view originates, and have control of the viewing direction.

The influence of television stories on narrative abilities in children

Abstract This research explores the narrative abilities demonstrated by children aged between 8 and 12 in the production of television stories. The results reveal that not all television stories viewed by children foster the informal education process. One type of story, termed narrativizing, enables children to produce coherent stories which clearly articulate the causal, temporal and motivational relations, as well as the means-end structures, the proximal relations of the intrigue and the distal relations of the plot. Other television stories, denarrativizing stories, tend to induce disarrangements and incoherence at all structural levels of the stories produced by children. This in turn hampers the development of their narrative abilities, which are necessary to the correct development of narrative thought. These results indicate the need to exercise social control over this latter type of fictional television narrative, to which children are exposed throughout their development within the framework of informal education.

Evaluation on the use of animated narrative video in teaching narrative text

In the 21st century, our life is strongly affected by the information technology. Educational technology has been rapidly improved by the development of audiovisual tools. Teachers may choose a number of different types of resources for teaching purposes, including videos and movies. Therefore, this study is aimed at evaluating animated narrative videos from YouTube for the teaching narrative text and identifying potential factors which influence the quality of educational videos. The videos were examined by using assessment rubric to see the quality and suitability of animated narrative videos which might be used in the teaching narrative text. The rubric was adapted from Prince Edward Island (PEI) Department of Education: Evaluation and Selection of Learning Resources. It consists of four criteria, content, structure, instructional design, and technical design In addition, the study presents critical awareness of how these aspects can be interpreted to measure animated narrative videos and at the same time the engagement of the teachers in exploring animated narrative videos used in classroom.

GÊNERO E RAÇA EM CENA: ANÁLISE COMPARATISTA DA REPRESENTAÇÃO DA MULHER INDÍGENA NA MINISSÉRIE A MURALHA E NA TELENOVELA UGA-UGA

Este estudo analisa como a mulher indígena é representada em duas produções da Rede Globo, a partir de recortes de uma minissérie e uma telenovela, respectivamente: A muralha (2000) e Uga-Uga (2000-2001). Pretende-se demostrar como as mulheres indígenas são expostas nas narrativas televisivas, evidenciando as representações estereotipadas em papéis geralmente interpretados por atrizes não indígenas bronzeadas e/ou pintadas. Esta prática nos faz estabelecer uma relação com os blackfaces, que surgiram no século XIX, em que pintavam de preto os atores, para que estes interpretassem papéis de negros no teatro. 
 Na minissérie A muralha, a personagem que analisaremos será a índia Moatira, vivida pela atriz, não indígena, Maria Maya. Discutiremos a caracterização - prática que aqui chamaremos de redfaces. Na telenovela Uga-Uga (2000-2001), destacaremos a atuação da atriz indígena Silvia Nobre como Crococá. Analisaremos o papel designado a ela e como foi exposta ao contracenar com atores brancos. Discorreremos sobre as relações de poder e subalternização no que diz respeito a gênero, raça, classe social e os limites do cômico na TV brasileira.

Patient Narratives as a Teaching Tool: A Pilot Study of First-Year Medical Students and Patient Educators Affected by Intellectual/Developmental Disabilities

abstractProblem: People with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) face complex biopsychosocial challenges and are medically underserved. This is in part due to insufficient resources and supports but can also be attributed to a lack of adequate physician training in addressing the unique needs of this population. Intervention: This study aimed to introduce 1st-year medical students to the IDD population using a blended educational experience that included video narratives of and direct interactions with people affected by IDD. The goal of this intervention was to promote person-centered attitudes and communication among early medical trainees. Context: The study recruited 27 first-year medical students and randomly assigned each to 1 of 2 groups. The control group received an introductory video lecture about IDD healthcare, followed by a quiz. The narrative group received the same lecture, followed by reflective discussion of videos featuring people living with IDD sharing their perspectives and stories. All students then participated in 4 simulated clinical encounters with patient educators (PEs) who have lived experiences of IDD. Focus groups were conducted with students following the simulated encounters to explore their experiences and perceptions of this blended learning activity. Moreover, secondary quantitative data were collected to assess students' performance in the clinical encounters, along with self-reports of comfort, confidence, and competence of interacting with people with IDD (pre- and postparticipation). Outcome: All students thought that the blended educational experience was valuable and enjoyable, commenting on the importance of adaptable language and engagement of people with IDD, as well as the merits of reflecting on patient narratives. Students also discussed feelings of discomfort stemming from a lack of knowledge and previous exposure to IDD and how this discomfort might motivate them to learn more and develop their skills further. In addition, descriptive analyses revealed that students in the narrative group showed greater self-rated measures of comfort, confidence, and competence compared to control; they also had higher mean performance scores across all PE interview stations. Lessons Learned: PEs add a powerful real-life dimension to communication skills teaching and have been shown to be a valuable educational modality. Moreover, exposure to and reflection on video-based patient narratives are useful ways of teaching medical students about patients' lived experiences and promoting person-centered communication, both within and beyond IDD.

Diccionario de semiótica y narrativas de cine y televisión

Este artículo-homenaje a Algirdas Greimas tiene como objetivo resaltar la contribución del Diccionario de semiótica de Greimas y Courtés a la teoría narrativa y sus aplicaciones, entre ellas, las teorías del cine y de la televisión. En la teoría narrativa se pueden distinguir dos campos bien delimitados: la teoría narratológica propiamente tal como ciencia de referencia —por ejemplo, de Aristóteles a Greimas, pasando por Propp, Bajtin, Todorov, Barthes, Genet— y las teorías narrativas aplicadas a la literatura, al cine y a la televisión. En este trabajo, relacionamos algunas de las entradas claves del Diccionario de semiótica con la narrativa fílmica y televisiva.

Using narrative intervention for HPV vaccine behavior change among Khmer mothers and daughters: A pilot RCT to examine feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness

PurposeTo develop a theory-guided culturally grounded narrative intervention to promote HPV vaccination behavior and examine the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of the intervention among dyads of Cambodian American mothers and daughters. MethodThe principles of community-based participatory research guided the development and evaluation and involved two phases: Phase 1: Development of storytelling narrative intervention videos which focused on a series of HPV vaccination-related messages and which integrated the narrative theory with the revised network episode model (rNEM); Phase 2: conducting the pilot RCT with 19 dyads of Khmer mothers and daughters aged from 14 to 17years to examine the feasibility and acceptability of the study. FindingsRecruitment was completed in 7months with an overall retention of 84%. The acceptability of the intervention was high, as reflected by the number of positive comments on the narrative video. Preliminary data indicate that vaccine uptake at one-month follow-up was the same (2 vs. 2) between intervention and control groups. However, daughters in the narrative intervention group reported higher intention to receive HPV vaccination within one month compared to the control group (4 vs. 1). ConclusionAll the procedures to inform a full RCT were examined, including identification of eligible participants, recruitment, randomization, intervention adherence, and short-term follow-up. The positive preliminary outcomes and feedback support the feasibility and potential effectiveness of the theory-guided narrative intervention.

Results From a Pilot Video Intervention to Increase Cervical Cancer Screening in Refugee Women.

Many refugee women emigrate from countries with high cervical cancer incidence rates and have low rates of cervical cancer screening both before and after resettlement. Refugee women face many barriers to cervical cancer screening, including limited knowledge of cervical cancer and screening recommendations and cultural and linguistic barriers to being screened. Our pilot study aimed to develop and evaluate educational videos to promote cervical cancer screening among Karen-Burmese and Nepali-Bhutanese refugees, two of the largest groups of refugees arriving to the United States in recent years. We developed culturally tailored narrative videos for each ethnic group. Karen-Burmese and Nepali-Bhutanese women ( N = 40) were recruited through community health educators to participate in a pre- and posttest study. We assessed changes in cervical cancer knowledge and intentions to be screened, and satisfaction with the videos. We found that women were significantly more likely to report having heard of a test for cervical cancer and indicated significantly greater intentions to be screened after watching the video. Their knowledge about cervical cancer and screening also improved significantly, and they reported high levels of acceptability with the video. Our results suggest that culturally tailored narrative educational videos were acceptable to the target audiences and may be effective in increasing cervical cancer screening among refugee women. Further research should assess how health care and social service providers could implement video-based interventions to encourage women to be screened for cervical cancer during early resettlement.

Financial Times: Economic and Industrial Temporalities in Netflix’s Arrested Development

Arrested Development occupies an important place in twenty-first-century American television culture, both because of its peculiar positioning as a “before” and “after” snapshot of the housing crisis, and because its experimental revival (Netflix’s first) occasioned a similar set of obstacles to those that plagued the original series. As a representation of and an instance of the financialization of domestic space, this series about the failures of a wealthy family itself courts failure as a complex and innovative television narrative.

Representação da violência doméstica em produções seriadas brasileiras

A proposta deste artigo é refletir a respeito da representação da violência doméstica em relação a mulheres em narrativas seriadas televisivas. Trata-se de uma análise comparativa, com uma perspectiva crítica/ compreensiva, no campo dos estudos das narrativas e do imaginário. Este trabalho tem como corpus a telenovela Mulheres Apaixonadas (Globo) e o seriado Sessão de Terapia (Globosat News Television – GNT). O intuito é analisar e contrastar como essas duas produções narrativas representam e apresentam a violência doméstica às suas respectivas audiências, levando-se em conta aspectos sobre produção, público, TV aberta e paga.

The Role of Social Context During Television Viewing on Children’s Moral Judgments About Social Exclusion and Stigmatization of Others

ABSTRACTResearch has considered how exposure to prosocial television narratives influences children’s social inclusion behaviors (e.g., Mares & Acosta, 2010). In these experiments, children typically view a stimulus episode alone; however, we know that children often watch with others at home (Chandler, 1997). Thus, in this study we examined how children’s proximal social context during viewing influenced effects. Using data collected from a 3-condition experiment (control, view-alone, coview with close friend) with Dutch children ages 5 and 6 (N = 80), we found that exposure largely did not influence children’s inclusion judgments or stigmatization beliefs. There was, however, an age × condition interaction, such that 6-year-old children in the coview condition demonstrated greater stigmatization beliefs toward other children, compared to 5-year-olds in the same condition, or all children in the other conditions. We discuss the implications of these findings while considering previous work on learning inclusion from prosocial television shows, reality judgments, and the bystander effect.

Supporting Citizens in Reflection on Synthetic Biology by Means of Video-Narratives.

To unravel how video-narratives can support reflection in Responsible Research and Innovation contexts, this study evaluates four video-narratives designed for citizen-reflection on synthetic biology. Each video narrative comprised separate clips about three subtopics in which actors represented different views of synthetic biology. The video-clips were presented to Dutch citizens in two different setups: per narrator and per subtopic. Both setups appeared to trigger three reflection processes and three reflection outcomes. Our findings suggest that video-narratives shown per subtopic support reflection more extensively, provided that workshop setups pay considerable attention to reflection on values and assumptions.

Narrativas digitales de los principales partidos políticos de España, Francia, Portugal y Estados Unidos

The digital narratives employed by political parties in Spain, France, Portugal, and the United States are analyzed with particular attention paid to transmedia. We perform a content analysis of the parties’ webpages and online platforms, and the messages referenced therein, and survey the organizations’ online communication directors. The results show that, instead of adapting messages to specific platforms, political parties tend to disseminate overlapping content, publish the same messages on multiple platforms, and underutilize mobile strategies in political communication. The data show Spanish political parties to be at the forefront of innovation in narratives, as seen in their search for narratives created by non-partisan citizens and their commitment to innovation in transmedia and 360º video narratives.

Engaging narratives evoke similar neural activity and lead to similar time perception

It is said that we lose track of time - that “time flies” - when we are engrossed in a story. How does engagement with the story cause this distorted perception of time, and what are its neural correlates? People commit both time and attentional resources to an engaging stimulus. For narrative videos, attentional engagement can be represented as the level of similarity between the electroencephalographic responses of different viewers. Here we show that this measure of neural engagement predicted the duration of time that viewers were willing to commit to narrative videos. Contrary to popular wisdom, engagement did not distort the average perception of time duration. Rather, more similar brain responses resulted in a more uniform perception of time across viewers. These findings suggest that by capturing the attention of an audience, narrative videos bring both neural processing and the subjective perception of time into synchrony.

Skills Demonstrated in Cooking Videos in Response to Weekly Cooking Lessons

To describe cooking skills youth demonstrated in user-generated videos in response to bi-weekly cooking lessons. The iCook 4-H project taught youth (9-10 years old) and their adult main meal preparer how to cook, eat, and play together. Participants received cameras to take home to create videos on topics they learned about in cooking sessions. After video narration and coding training, IRR testing revealed >80% agreement across four trained researchers. Participant videos (n=172) were narrated and thematically coded by two researchers independently. A third researcher compared the narrations and codes and resolved any discrepancies. Frequencies of codes were determined using NVivo software. Cutting, mixing, and measuring were the most frequent cooking techniques demonstrated. Cutting skills were evenly demonstrated among males and females (n=45, n=40, respectively), but females practiced proficient knife skills at twice the frequency of males (n=13, n=6, respectively). Handwashing was actively demonstrated in 27 videos. The recipes prepared were most often low and medium levels of complexity (48.1% and 43.8%, respectively). Of the 66 observations in which a child asked for help, 74.2% were requests from males. Male youth received more positive comments during cooking from an adult than females (n=59 and n=36, respectively). The cooking skills demonstrated in these videos provided insight as to what participants learned in the sessions. The skills demonstrated in the videos reflected the content of the curriculum and provide qualitative support for the efficacy of the iCook 4-H program. Differences observed by gender warrant further investigation.

The impact of making a video cancer narrative in an adolescent male: A case study

Illness narratives, including video narratives, created by young people allow expressiion of one’s story about their struggles. It has been shown that creating these narratives can improve health outcomes and overall quality of life. This article provides a theoretical background as to why adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients may benefit from creating video illness narratives and presents an exemplary case of this approach with a young man receiving treatment for T-Cell Leukemia. Thematic aspects of his narrative are identified and explored. Qualitative information about his experience filming as well as his responses to a questionnaire regarding the impact of making his video narrative with respect to his emotional health, medical plans, relationships with others (including medical providers) are also reported.

Switched at Birth: A Game Changer for All Audiences

Switched at Birth: A Game Changer for All Audiences

The Producer as Fan

Jason Mittell argues that contemporary television narrative is marked by degrees of both structural and consumptive complexity. One way he addresses this complexity is through the concept of drillability, which he describes as “a mode of forensic fandom that invites viewers to dig deeper, probing beneath the surface to understand the complexity of a story and its telling.” This essay analyzes a particular episode of CBS’s The Good Wife (2009–2016) to extend Mittell’s concept of drillability and to explore its theoretical links to Mikhail Bakhtin’s “dialogic imagination.” In doing so, the essay argues that “producer-fans” model modes of critical media consumption required by an informed and engaged citizenry.