Road Traffic Accident Victims Research Articles

Epidemiological characteristics of deaths from road traffic accidents in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a study based on traffic police records (2018–2020)

IntroductionRoad traffic accidents are a major cause of fatal and nonfatal injuries, causing permanent disabilities, and other indirect health complications. Each year, road traffic accidents (RTA) cause a lot of fatalities and injuries in Ethiopia, putting the country among the list of the most affected countries by RTA in the world. Despite the high rates of road traffic collisions in Ethiopia, very little is known about the factors that contribute to fatal RTA in the country.Objectivesthe objective of this study is to assess the epidemiological characteristics of deaths from road traffic accidents in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A study based on traffic police records (2018–2020).MethodA retrospective observational study design was conducted used in this study. All road traffic accident victims reported to Addis Ababa police station between 2018 and 2020 were study population and the collected data was evaluated with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 software. Binary logistic regression model was used to indicate the association between dependent and independent variables. Statistically, significant associations were declared at P < 0.05.ResultThere were 8458 recorded road traffic accidents in Addis Ababa during 2018–2020. Among these accidents, 1274 (15.1%) caused death while 7184 (84.1%) caused an injury. Males accounted for 77.1% of the decedents (sex ratio of almost 3.36:1). The majority 1020 (80%) of the fatality occurred on a straight road and 1106 (86.8%) of the fatality occurred in dry weather. Weekday 1.243 (AOR, 1.234, 95 CI, 1.071–1.443), driver educational status below grade twelve 0.326(AOR 0.326, CI, 0.285–0.374), and commercial truck vehicle 1.682 (OR, 1.696, CI, 1.410–2.040) were statistically associated with fatality after adjusting for potential confounding variables.ConclusionThe prevalence of RTA fatality in Addis Ababa is high. The accidents that occurred during the weekdays were more fatal. Driver’s educational status, weekdays, and vehicle type were factors associated with mortality. There is a need to introduce road safety interventions that targeted identified factors in this study to reduce fatalities attributed to RTIs.

An Autopsy Based Retrospective Study on Pattern of Thoraco-Abdominal Injuries in Fatal Road Traffic Accidents of Kolar, South India

Background: India is experiencing increasing road traffic accidents (RTA) amidst increasing motorization andinfrastructure growth in recent years. Every day, nearly 400 road deaths occur on Indian roads and severalthousands are hospitalized due to road crashes. WHO estimates the incidence of road deaths to be 16.6 per 100000population in India1. With the aim of studying pattern and exploring various epidemiological characteristics ofRTAs, this retrospective study of medico-legal autopsies was conducted.Aims &amp; Objectives: 1 To study the pattern of thoraco-abdominal injuries (TAI) in fatal road traffic accidents inKolar. 2. To describe demographic profile and create public awareness on road safety.Material &amp; Methods: A retrospective autopsy based study of pattern of thoraco-abdominal injuries in victims offatal road traffic accidents was conducted in Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Kolar (South India) from 1st January2014 to 31st December 2014. A total of 192 RTA victims were referred for autopsy during the period of which100 cases sustaining thoraco-abdominal injuries were studied.Results: A total of 192 medicolegal autopsies were conducted on victims of road traffic accidents (RTA) during thestudy period. Among them, 100 victims suffered thoraco-abdominal injuries, which accounted for 52.08% of thecases. The highest number of victims belonged to the age group of 20-40 years, accounting for 48% of the cases.In terms of gender distribution, males constituted 62.0% of the victims while females constituted 38.0%. The mostcommon injuries were to the liver, accounting for 37.75% of the total injuries. Other frequently affected body partsincluded the spleen, lungs, thorax, abdomen, pelvis, and spine.Conclusion: The analyzed data provides clear evidence that road accidents are foreseeable and avoidable. Tomake substantial improvements in road safety throughout India, it is essential to establish a robust and effectivenational and state-level road safety authority, foster intersectoral coordination, and secure regular funding. Ouraim in sharing this article is to increase public awareness of the significance of road traffic injuries from a publichealth perspective and to alleviate the weight of fatalities and injuries on our communities.

Assessment of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and the Associated Socio Demographic Parameters of Road Traffic Accident Victims

Background: Road traffic accident (RTA) is a global trauma which can produce a traumatic stress with tremendous physical, social and psychological impairments to the victims. Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is the most common mental disorders among the RTA victims. Objectives : To assess the PTSD among the RTA victims and the relationship between the socio demographic parameters of RTA victims with PTSD. Methods: This cross sectional study conducted among 202 RTA patients attended in the inpatient dept. of a specialized hospital in Dhaka city for one year duration. Data collected from these patients using a semi structured interview administered questionnaire and PTSD assessed by using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV DSM-IV(PCL-S). The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS software (Version 21) and p &lt; 0.05 considered as significant. Results: The mean age of RTA victims found 37.6 (±13.2) years, majority 57.4% belongs to 18-30 years age group. Out of 202 RTA patients 41.1% developed PTSD having e”51 score in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV DSM-IV (PCL-S) checklist. Among the socio demographic parameters age and occupation were significantly associated with the PTSD; whereas education, family income, sex were not associated significantly with PTSD. Conclusion: This study found a high magnitude of PTSD among RTA victims. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2023; 41: 22-26

The Role of Jasa Raharja Company in Providing Accident Guarantees for Traffic Victims of North Sumatra Province

PT Jasa Raharja (Persero) is a social insurance company that prioritizes services to the community, especially those who are victims of traffic accidents and general passengers. PT Jasa Raharja as a State-Owned Enterprise (BUMN) that provides basic compensation and protection to the community, especially to victims of accidents on public passenger transportation and road traffic. Based on Law Number 33 of 1964 concerning the Mandatory Passenger Accident Insurance Fund and Law Number 34 of 1964 concerning Road Traffic Accident Funds, apart from providing basic protection to victims of passenger and road traffic accidents, Jasa Raharja's main task is also to collect and manage funds. community to meet people about compensation rights. This study aims to determine the extent to which the role of PT Jasa Raharja (Persero) in providing insurance compensation for victims of traffic accidents and public transport passengers at the North Sumatra branch office has operated effectively and efficiently in accordance with Laws Number 33 and 34 of 1964.

Profile of Road Traffic Accident Cases Attending in Combined Military Hospital Ramu, Cox’s Bazar

Background: A Road Traffic Accident (RTA) is any injury due to crashes originating from, terminating with or involving a vehicle partially or fully on a public road. It is one of the leading causes of global disease burden. Road traffic accidents, injuries and fatalities are causing great concern to the community in Bangladesh. To find out the characteristics of road traffic accident cases attending in Combined Military Hospital Ramu, this research work was planned.&#x0D; Materials and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Combined Military Hospital Ramu.All the road traffic accident victims attending at Medical Inspection room (MI Room) of CMH Ramu from April 2019 to September 2019 irrespective of age and sex . All the victims entered in the ‘special event statement register’. There were 119 Road Traffic Accident victims enlisted and selected by purposive type of sampling technique.&#x0D; Results: Mean age of the respondents was 28.77 ± 5.14 years. Out of 119 respondents, majority (26.9%) were in the age group of 31-40 years. Among the victims, 99.2% were motorized accident. Majority (33.6%) were due to Bus or Minibus accident, 43.8% victims were motor vehicle passenger. The highest 49.6% victims were passenger, followed by 31.9% were pedestrian. Regarding pattern of injury, majority 39.5% victims sustained Laceration and Cut injury. Majority of the accident (50.9%) happened in the main road, 33.6% happened during Noon (1000-1400 hrs) time, followed by 27.7% at afternoon (1400-1800 hrs) time.&#x0D; Conclusion: Among the victims, most of them were male and majority of them were within the active age group. Most of accidents by motorized vehicles by Bus or minibus. Pedestrians and motor vehicle passengers were most vulnerable. Cut injury and Laceration were the most common type of injury. Main roads were the commonest site and accident occurred more during the day.&#x0D; IAHS Medical Journal Vol 4(2), December 2021; 12-16

Assessment of Knowledge, Skills, and Preparedness of General-Duty Police on Prehospital Care of Road Traffic Accident Victims in Abuja, Nigeria.

Prompt prehospital care (PHC) is essential for improving outcomes of road traffic accident victims. Previous studies in Nigeria show that little or no PHC is delivered to trauma victims by first responders. This study was conducted to assess police officers' experience with FA/BLS, to identify gaps in their FA/BLS knowledge and skills, and assess police stations' FA/BLS equipment capacity for PHC of road traffic accident victims. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 428 GD police in Abuja between November and December 2018. Respondents were selected using stratified random sampling with proportional allocation method. Data were collected using self-administered electronic semi-structured questionnaires. Data analysis was done using STATA v 14.0 (StataCorp, College Station, TX). Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression were used to assess associations. We analyzed data from 419 respondents. Almost all (90.2%) of the police were aware of FA/BLS. The proportion of police with poor, fair, and good knowledge and skills on FA/BLS were 15.3%, 79.0%, and 5.7%, respectively. Tertiary (OR = 3.35, 95% CI: 1.01-11.11, P = 0.048) and postgraduate (OR = 6.89, 95% CI: 1.63-29.19, P = 0.009) levels of education had statistically significant association with good knowledge and skills. This highlights the need to implement an educational intervention to increase FA/BLS competencies within the first responder population.

Совершенствование оказания скорой медицинской помощи пострадавшим в дорожно-транспортных происшествиях на федеральной автодороге в регионе России с низкой плотностью населения

The aim of the study is to substantiate the necessity of a set of measures to improve medical care to the victims of road traffic accidents on federal highways in Russian regions with low population density on the basis of the developed system of medical care provision. Materials and research methods. Using the method of organizational experiment, we carried out the scientific substantiation and development of measures the implementation of which will improve the efficiency of first aid and medical care to the victims of road accidents on the federal highways in the regions of the Russian Federation with low population density. Materials of the study — a sample of 206 medical records of patients admitted for urgent indications after an accident on the federal highway M-8 “Kholmogory” to medical organizations of the Arkhangelsk region and who received medical care in hospital conditions (form 003/u) in the periods from January 1 to December 31, 2016 and from January 1 to December 31, 2018. Record forms were selected according to the criteria of retrospective continuous documentary observation — all medical histories of accident victims who received inpatient care during the study periods were selected. Inclusion criteria for the study were: Gender — male and female. Victims of road accidents on the sections of the federal highway M-8 “Kholmogory” in the Arkhangelsk region who received in-patient treatment. Trauma was got in the specified periods. Exclusion criteria for the study: Age — less than 18 years. No previous traffic accidents trauma. Categorical variables were used for statistical analysis and presented as percentages. The Pearson Chi-square test was used to determine if there was a relationship between the categorical variables. Statistical processing of the data was performed using a package of applied statistical programs SPSS 22. Study results and their analysis. Implementation of new approaches to the organization of medical care for victims of traffic accidents on the federal highway M-8 “Kholmogory” led to an increase by 2018 compared with 2016: of share of timely (up to 1 hour) delivery of ambulance crews to the place of the accident; of share of victims to whom specialists of ambulance crews performed anesthesia, transport immobilization, intravenous infusion of antishock drugs, as well as the creation of a regional competence center in the Level I trauma center and, consequently, an increase in the number of consultations for victims with polytrauma and in the number of medical evacuations of victims with polytrauma, performed to the Level I trauma center.

Prevalence of Road Traffic Accident and Outcome among Patients Admitted at Addis Ababa Burn, Emergency and Trauma (AaBET) Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Introduction : Road Traffic Accident is an incident on a way or street open to public traffic that becomes one of the most significant public health problems in the world particularly in developing countries like Ethiopia. In Ethiopia, Road Traffic Accident is the major public health problem even though studies indicate the prevalence and management outcomes among these victims are limited. Objectives : To assess the prevalence and management outcomes among road traffic accident victims who attended emergency department of AaBET (Addis Ababa burn Emergency and Trauma) Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2022. Methods : Hospital based retrospective cross sectional study design was implemented among Patients attending to AaBET Hospital based on patients' record review for one year (from January 1 to December 30, 2021). Records of patients were reviewed until the calculated minimum sample size (399) attained. Simple random sampling technique was applied to recruit the records. Result : Among a total of 385 trauma victims visited the hospital, the most commonly affected age group were between 26-30 years old, accounting for 68 (17.7%) followed by age ˂13 years 67 (17.4%). This study also identified 269 (69.9%) of victims were male and 116 (30.1%) were female. Regarding pattern of injury, musculoskeletal fracture was the most frequent type of injury (39.2%). one-third (31%) of them sustained severe injury that urged them to seek intensive surgical management. Regarding mechanism of injury, 45% of the victims reported that they hit by another vehicle. 43.5 % of the victims injured were pedestrians. Regarding management given at ED, almost half (47.5%) of the victims received wound care and about 23.4% of them were given anti- pain and resuscitation, respectively. Among 252 victims who admitted in AaBET hospital about 87% of patients admitted to surgical and orthopedic wards received surgical type of treatment. Conclusion: From foregoing it is evident that RTA requires proper traffic management; and the mortality and disability from RTA can be minimized by appropriately identifying the priority patient and giving appropriate intervention promptly. Keywords: AaBET, Accident, Emergency, Hospital, Road Traffic DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/102-02 Publication date: October 31 st 2022

Reporting behaviour of pedestrian involved accidents in Sri Lanka

According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), the majority of victims of road traffic accidents are vulnerable road users, including pedestrians. However, underreporting of such accidents leads to inadequate availability of reliable data in this area of research. The present study was an attempt to investigate the severity of this problem of underreporting of accidents involving pedestrians. Primary data were collected for the purpose, and statistical techniques such as univariate and bivariate analyses, Chisquare testing, and Binary Logistic Regression were used to examine the association of several diverse factors including demographic features, severity of injury, lost productivity, and receipt of compensation, with accident reporting behaviour. The results revealed that the most common accidents (30%) involved motorcycles, while accidents due to slipping on roads or pavements and roadside structures together accounted for 33% of all reported accidents. These, according to this study, appeared to largely go under-reported, precluding further action. The study found a strong relationship between reporting behaviour and the nature and severity of injuries sustained in the accident. The lowest chance of reporting an accident was found in regard to slipping on a pavement while the injuries treated without visiting a hospital had the lowest likelihood of being reported to the Police.

Measuring and understanding the association between license-related infractions and road crash severity

The relationship between license-related infractions (LRIs) and the severity of road crashes has been scarcely addressed in previous research. This study estimates the association between each LRI and the severity of driver injuries and the partial severity of the crash (i.e., crash severity after excluding the severity of the driver’s own injuries) in a cohort comprising 78,720 drivers who were considered responsible for crashes in the Spanish National Register for Road Traffic Accident Victims, from 2014 to 2017. Adjusted Relative Risk Ratios for each LRI and severity level were obtained through multinomial logistic regression models. Age- and sex-adjusted estimates revealed an increased severity for almost all LRIs. Additional adjustment for seat belt use showed a decrease in the magnitude of the associations, particularly regarding driver injury severity, suggesting that part of these associations was related to increased vulnerability of the driver. Adjustment for other vehicle- and environment-related variables showed a further decrease in the associations but remained significant for “never having obtained a license” and other specific LRIs. These results support the need for maintaining police surveillance and legal measures to identify these subgroups of drivers, remove them from the road and adopt strategies for their safe return to driving.

243.9: Equality and Equity in Transplant for Children

Introduction: Thomas E. Starzl, conducted the first paediatric liver transplant in 1963, a routine successful clinical procedure today due to his pioneering efforts. India the second most populous country, 41% under 18 yrs of age, has followed on the heels of developed nations with 1522 pediatric transplants from 2013-2020 for all organs but majority done in private sector. To enable equality and equity, Govt of India has proposed establishing department of transplant medicine in major government hospitals, at least one in each state in the latest National Organ Transplant Program Guidelines. Our aim is to develop an SOP for the establishment of paediatric transplant units in line with the Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues Rules 2014, starting with VMMC & SJH. Materials & Methods: In 2019, India reported 4,49,002 Road traffic accidents(RTA) with resultant 1,51,113 deaths. Delhi accounted for 5610 RTA with 1463 deaths.DD transplants prove to be exceptionally useful in diseases with high risk of recurrence particularly in children. VMMC & SJH is one of the largest govt tertiary care centres in Delhi catering to a large paediatric population and a large proportion of the RTA victims, the greatest source of deceased donor (DD) organs, if tapped. Living Donor Renal transplant is conducted in adult patients on a regular basis by urologists. A paediatric nephrologist being available, the paediatric renal transplant program can be started by a combined team of paediatric surgeons & urologists. Training in paediatric liver transplants can be done either locally in ILBS, Delhi or internationally through TTS-ILTS paired centers program similar to JIPMER, Pondicherry with St.James University hospital Leeds, UK. TTS in collaboration with NOTTO conducted an online survey of intensivists with regard to brain death declaration. The intensivists need to be trained for brain death declaration and donor maintenance to enable DD transplants. Augmentation of pediatric transplant intensive care beds and personnel is required along with round the clock lab facilities. Results: The Govts of Delhi, Tamilnadu, Kerala, Maharashtra, etc have issued have issued GOs for mandatory declaration of brain death in all patients who fulfill the criteria. DGHS has sought monthly submission of brain death data. Intensivist training for brain death declaration and donor maintenance was first started by NOTTO during the CAST 2019 congress and two more have followed. However, progress can only be achieved with implementation of training and establishment of dedicated centers.

Head Injuries in Fatal Road Traffic Accidents in Northern Districts of Bangladesh

Objective: To analyze the autopsy findings in the cases of fatal head injuries due to road traffic accidents. Study Design : Retrospective study Place and duration of study: This study was conducted at the Rangpur Medical College morgue among victims of road traffic accidents (RTA) during the period of July 2014 to June 2016. It was conducted to ascertain the patterns of fatal head injuries due to road traffic accidents as documented during autopsies performed at Rangpur Medical College during (July 2014 to June 2016) the two years. Material &amp; Methods: Road traffic accident are the major causes of death worldwide. Head injuries is the single most common cause of mortality in road traffic accidents; head injuries being the most vulnerable part of the body. Total74 victims were taken from the road traffic accidents and died due to head injury. Aim of the study to find out the patterns of head injuries, their age and site distribution of different type of fractures. Results: The cases were seen more in the male victims (87.84%) as compared to female (12.16%). Present study showed that the place of occurrence of road traffic accident was more in the urban areas (77.03%) as compared to rural areas (22.97%). No one of the threewheeler riders was wearing helmets at the time of accidents. We observed subdural hemorrhage (SDH) in 63.83% followed by sub arachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in 27.66% intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) 6.38% and least was extradural hemorrhage (EDH) 2.13% in twowheeler riders. while in three-wheeler riders SDH in 51.85% followed by SAH in 29.63% ICH in 11.11% and least was EDH in 7.41% in cases where skull fracture occurred. Most of the accident occurred at night. Conclusion: Head injury is one of the important causes of death in road traffic accidents. Most of the deaths occur on spot before any life support can be given to these subjects. The pattern of skull fractures observed in this study was quite comparable to other studies. It indicates that road traffic accidents lead to similar kinds of fatal head injuries throughout the world. J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll 2021; 13(1): 75-79

The system of organizing the provision of medical care to victims in traffic accidents on federal highways in regions of Russia with low population density

Relevance. Road traffic injuries are one of the leading non-natural causes of death in the world. The principles of organizing the provision of medical care to victims of road traffic accidents (RTA) should be adapted to the resource capabilities of regional health care systems, as well as the distribution of the resident population across the territory.Intention: To develop and substantiate the principles of a system for organizing the provision of medical care to RTA victims on federal highways in Russian regions with a low average population density.Methodology. The results of our own, domestic and foreign scientific research were reviewed, along with regulatory legal documents on the organization of medical care for RTA victims in various conditions. Articles published in 1990–2021 were selected for analysis. Information sources were searched for using specialized scientific search engines (eLibrary, PubMed, Scopus) with the keywords: “traffic accident”, “traffic injury”, “polytrauma”, “federal highway”, “injured”, “hospital period “. System analysis was used to determine the shortcomings of the existing system of providing medical care to victims of road accidents that occurred on federal highways in the territories of Russian subjects with a low population density. Organizational experiments were used to substantiate and develop measures, the implementation of which will improve the efficiency of providing first aid and medical care to victims of road accidents on federal highways in Russian regions with a low population density.Results and Discussion. A system for organizing the provision of medical care to victims of road accidents on federal highways in the regions of the Russian Federation with a low density of the population in the pre-hospital and hospital periods has been developed and justified; it consists of 4 principles and their organizational measures.Conclusion. The implementation of the model and the principles of the developed system proposed by the author will reduce negative health consequences associated with road traffic injuries on federal highways in Russian regions with low population density.

Comparison of mortality prediction models for road traffic accidents: an ensemble technique for imbalanced data

BackgroundInjuries caused by RTA are classified under the International Classification of Diseases-10 as ‘S00-T99’ and represent imbalanced samples with a mortality rate of only 1.2% among all RTA victims. To predict the characteristics of external causes of road traffic accident (RTA) injuries and mortality, we compared performances based on differences in the correction and classification techniques for imbalanced samples.MethodsThe present study extracted and utilized data spanning over a 5-year period (2013–2017) from the Korean National Hospital Discharge In-depth Injury Survey (KNHDS), a national level survey conducted by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, A total of eight variables were used in the prediction, including patient, accident, and injury/disease characteristics. As the data was imbalanced, a sample consisting of only severe injuries was constructed and compared against the total sample. Considering the characteristics of the samples, preprocessing was performed in the study. The samples were standardized first, considering that they contained many variables with different units. Among the ensemble techniques for classification, the present study utilized Random Forest, Extra-Trees, and XGBoost. Four different over- and under-sampling techniques were used to compare the performance of algorithms using “accuracy”, “precision”, “recall”, “F1”, and “MCC”.ResultsThe results showed that among the prediction techniques, XGBoost had the best performance. While the synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE), a type of over-sampling, also demonstrated a certain level of performance, under-sampling was the most superior. Overall, prediction by the XGBoost model with samples using SMOTE produced the best results.ConclusionThis study presented the results of an empirical comparison of the validity of sampling techniques and classification algorithms that affect the accuracy of imbalanced samples by combining two techniques. The findings could be used as reference data in classification analyses of imbalanced data in the medical field.

An Epidemiological Study of Road Traffic Accident Cases Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital

Introduction: Road traffic accidents are a major global health problem. Incidence of road traffic accidents can be minimized by applying safety measures and following strict traffic rules and regulations.&#x0D; Aims: The main purpose of our study was to find out the socio-demographic profile of the victims involved in road traffic accidents and to provide epidemiological data.&#x0D; Methods: This is a hospital based, cross sectional study with victims of road traffic accidents attending to Nepalgunj Medical College, Kohalpur,a tertiary care center. Consecutive patients of road traffic accidents attending emergency department or admitted in wards (surgery, orthopedic or neurosurgery) were taken and information of injury pertaining to epidemiological factors and demographic profile along with time of occurrence of accident, type of vehicle involved, the pattern of injury, site of accident and part of body involved was collected on a pre-designed proforma.&#x0D; Results: Total patients enrolled in the study were 410.Majority of victims were young with age group of 10-19 years(18.5%). By gender male were more affected than female (67.8% versus 32.2%).Incident was more among married couple (61%). Majority belongs to Hindu by religion (96.1%). Regarding educational level majority have attained school level education (46.8%). By occupation majority were students (36.1%) followed by private employee (16.6%). Most of road traffic accidents were happened during summer season (65.4%). Regarding time most accidents were in between 6 PM10PM. Major site of accident was highway (63.4%). Among vehicle involved 4 wheelers were more common (65.4%).Head, neck and face region was found mostly injured in this study (33.2%). Most common type of injury was abrasion (30.7%) then followed by laceration (26.3%).&#x0D; Conclusion: Road traffic accidents can be minimized and it’s fatal consequences also preventable by strict enforcement of traffic rules and applying safety measures.

Pattern of Orthopedic Injuries Related to Road Traffic Accidents Among Patients Managed at the Emergency Department in Black Lion Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021.

BackgroundStudies showed that each year people lose their life on the road and many people are disabled. The majority of this disability was caused by orthopedic injury related to road traffic accidents. However, in the context of Ethiopia, studies ascribed to orthopedic injuries related to road traffic accidents are limited. The study aimed to assess the pattern of orthopedic injuries related to road traffic accidents among patients managed at the emergency department of Black Lion Hospital.MethodsAn institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 354 victims of road traffic accidents with orthopedic injuries who were visiting the Emergency department of Black Lion Hospital. Patient charts were selected by systematic random sampling technique and the data was entered into Epi-data version 4.4.2.2 and exported to the static package for social science window version 26, and descriptive statistics were used for analysis.ResultsThe study reveals that males were mostly injured persons (71.7%) with the age group of 13–24 were the most injured. Passenger car accounts 36.3% of causes of injury followed by motorbikes (27.4%) and lower limbs were the most common anatomic site of injuries (47.9). Of all injury types, a fracture is the most common one with 71.1%, especially lower limb fracture (42.1%). More than half victims (59.5%) had open wounds, and almost half of the study subjects (51.8%) experience Road traffic accidents while they are crossing or walking along the way.ConclusionOrthopedic injuries related to road traffic accidents are the main cause of death and disability in many individuals, especially in reproductive age groups. Therefore, policy-makers should be aware of different patterns of orthopedic injuries associated with a victim of road traffic accidents to have an appropriate and sustainable capacity to manage the orthopedic injuries.

Evaluation of results of minimally invasive plating Osteosynthesis (MIPO) technique in the treatment of fractures of distal tibia

Background: Fractures are the commonest injury among the victims of non-fatal road traffic accidents, and it commonly involves the bones of the lower extremity. This can be due to the interplay of gravitational force and velocity of the vehicle at the time of accidents. Tibial fractures are the most common type of long bone fractures and are the most common open fractures. Based on the fracture location in the bone, distal tibia fractures have the second highest incidence of all tibia fractures. The relatively tenuous blood supply, subcutaneous location of the tibia, mechanism of injury, and use of certain treatment methods contribute to a relatively high incidence of post traumatic complications following tibia fractures. These complex open fractures which are produced by high energy forces, threaten to pose a challenge to orthopaedic surgeons. Considerable advances in the methods and concepts of internal fixation along with newer innovations in implants help to meet such challenging tasks.Aim: To evaluate the efficacy, functional and radiological outcome of distal third tibia fractures managed by minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis.Methods: This is a prospective study, period from December 2019 to May 2021, and a minimum of 30 cases with fractures of distal tibia were attended in the casualty and OPD and were admitted in this hospital and were evaluated clinically and radio graphically.Results: All fractures healed without the need of any secondary procedures. There was no noticeable mal- alignment or non-union. Functional outcome was good to excellent in all patients. Average time to bony union was 24 weeks.Conclusions: From our study it is further proved that the effectiveness of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis is a good and safe technique for treatment of distal tibial fractures without intra- articular comminution providing fracture healing, rapid functional recovery, along with avoidance of major complications.

Diagnosis of Concussion in a Victim of Road Traffic Accident

Cerebral concussion is a minor and reversible functional abnormality and due its relatively minor nature it usually goes undetected and underreported. Despite increased knowledge and awareness of concussion and its long-term sequelae, effective measures of diagnosis, prognosis and treatment still appear to be deficient.

Profile of Road Traffic Accident Victims Admitted at Bhayangkara Pusdik Sabhara Porong Hospital

Background: Traffic accidents are a health problem in forensic medicine that often occurs in society and needs attention, mainly because it is still a major problem in implementing road transportation in Indonesia. Traffic accidents increase yearly along with the increasing number of road users and the ease of ownership of transportation facilities. In 2012, the death toll from traffic accidents in Indonesia was 29,544, with a case fatality rate (CFR) of 14.95%. In 2013, the victims died from traffic accidents, namely 26,416 people, with a case fatality rate (CFR) of 15.98%. In 2014 the victims died due to traffic accidents, namely 28,297 people with a case fatality rate (CFR), traffic accidents of 17.16%. In 2015 the victim died due to traffic accidents, namely 26,185 people with a case fatality rate (CFR) traffic accident of 15.37%. Objective: To describe profile of road traffic accident victims admitted at Bhayangkara Pusdik Sabhara Porong Hospital in 2021-2022. Methods: This research is a retrospective descriptive study. The research sample used was medical record data of traffic accident patients examined at Bhayangkara Pusdik Sabhara Porong Hospital in 2021-2022. Result: The incidence of traffic accidents at Bhayangkara Pusdik Sabhara Porong Hospital can be described as follows; 71.4% are male. Thirteen people (37.1%) are aged 15-29 and based on where the most occurrences on the Surabaya-Malang highway, there are ten people (28.6%), and then based on the time of the incident where the most happened at 12.00 – 18.00, namely 12 people (34.2%), based on the position of the victim where the most were as motorists. Motorcycles have as many as 26 people (74.3%), and based on the type of injury where the most were abrasions is 24 people (40%). Conclusion: The description of the incidence of traffic accidents at the Bhayangkara Pusdik Sabhara Porong Hospital in 2021-2022 is mainly experienced by men of productive age. It occurred on the Surabaya-Malang highway, which has a heavy traffic flow; the time of the incident was during working hours, position the victim was a motorcyclist, and the most common types of injuries were blunt force trauma.

Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Klaimen PT Jasa Raharja Cabang Sumatera Utara

This study aims to determine the quality of service provided by PT Jasa Raharja, North Sumatra Branch to the claimants or customers who are victims of road traffic accidents. The method used in this study is a qualitative method, which produces research in words and based on the results obtained in the field. This research was conducted at the North Sumatra Branch of the Jasa Raharja Office, which is located at Jl. Jendral Gatot Subroto No. 142 Medan. Types and sources of data used in this study are: Primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques were carried out by means of observation, interviews and literature study. This study shows the results of the factors that hinder the quality of service, namely: many people do not understand the scope of guarantees borne by Jasa Raharja, communication to partners is not evenly distributed and external obstacles such as correspondence. The factor of the company is the lack of human resources that result in less effective and timely.