Disaster Victims Research Articles

Pembuatan Portabel Energi Berbasis Panel Surya Sebagai Sumber Energi Listrik Alternatif Saat Darurat Bencana untuk Bandan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah Yogyakarta (BPBD DIY)

Natural disasters are quite common in Indonesia, such as volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, earthquakes, and floods, this is because Indonesia is located between the three tectonic plates of the world (Indo-Australia, Eurasia and the Pacific). Disasters that often occur cause material losses such as damage to buildings and hamper the supply of primary needs, for example the need for electrical energy. The delay in the need for electrical energy after a natural disaster has caused the mobility of the community to be disrupted, for example lighting.The portable energy system that has been designed has proven to be quite effective in supplying electrical energy for the evacuation of victims of natural disasters. The test results show that portable energy can produce energy of 720Wh with a load scheme of using five 10Watt LED lights that operate for 12 hours/day and three charger stations operating for 4 hours/day. In the charging test using a solar panel with 120 Wp the device can be fully charged for 9 hours, but if the weather is cloudy, the solar panel cannot produce maximum power and results in less than optimal battery charge.Portable energy can have positive social and environmental impacts. Positive impact on the social sector, because it can provide a temporary supply of electrical power so that the electricity supply to the affected areas can operate normally.

Trauma Clearance Concept of PTSD Help Disaster Victims Avoid from PTSD by volunteering

As we know that trauma means experience that cause intense physical and psychological stress reaction in a big disaster or unfortunate encounter . After disaster, the victims engage in volunteer will get more opportunities to take part in the society and interact with more people. Especially the victims will get a new valuable experience with delight. These experiences will cover-up and clear the trauma experience. Actually through inviting victims involved in volunteer , we can find they re-get the value of life and start a new life career. This article practically shares diverse experiences regarding a lot victims Tzu Chi domestic and international disaster relief activities which include 921 Taiwan Chi-Chi earthquake in 1999, Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami in 2004, Sichuan (Wenchuan) earthquake of Mainland China in 2008, Morake typhoon of southern Taiwan in 2009, Typhoon Haiyan of Philippine in 2013. We accumulated some examples of victim volunteers how did they quit the invasion of PTSD through the involve of volunteering, Thousands of the victims get a lot of valuable and delightful experiences will invite the other victims to participate the volunteer. This positive action will gradually be spread by victims and set into impetus to the whole disaster area. Except the group type example of disaster victims’ volunteer, there is also the example that a lady who lost husband and two children. How she walked out from the biggest tragedy of her life through volunteering as the interpreter.

The Role of Religious Belief in Sustainable Community-Based Tourism During Postdisaster Recovery

There is a widely held view that religious beliefs are irrelevant during recovery postdisaster. Such recovery is often associated with an attitude of traumatic victimhood focusing on rebuilding infrastructure. However, the role and involvement of local people needs to be considered when reconstructing damaged facilities in destinations that need new sources of sustainable livelihood. The current study addresses this issue by examining religious beliefs in disaster recovery sites from the perspective of processes, factors, and implications. Three disaster zones in Yogyakarta, Indonesia are investigated, deploying an extended case study approach. The findings indicate that religious beliefs had the strongest and most significant influence on sustainable community-based tourism through the recovery process. The research procedure was applied in three tourist villages: the bamboo garden market, the disaster museum, and dome houses. Disaster victims are affected by religious beliefs and local wisdom and are supported by local heroes who encourage them to pursue new income sources. This generates employment through roles in managed tourist villages, such as tour guide, parking guard, travel agent, and tourism entrepreneur. The research highlights the role of religious belief as a mechanism for postdisaster recovery and draws upon natural prevention in contributing to gaps in discourse about ecological law.

Vulnerable Community in Earthquake Disaster Reconstruction Process in Sindhupalchok

Reconstruction and resilience programs led by the National Reconstruction Authority (NRA) have not specifically addressed the Dalit community’s issues of vulnerability and cultural heterogeneity. The NRA formed and implemented different policies and guidelines for all victims irrespective of their caste/ethnic, cultural, economic, and political status. Monolithic reconstruction and resilience policy failed to address the vulnerability and socio-cultural resilience of the Dalits. The state social engineering failed because the socio-cultural and political vulnerability of the Dalits was ignored both in policy and practice. The policy and practice of earthquake reconstruction replicated the traditional slogan of Nepali: ‘We all are Nepali and all Nepali are equal’. Moreover, it established a rule of thumb to address other disaster victims equally. What are Dalits’ knowledge and experiences of disaster reconstruction? What are the constraints and opportunities for the resilience of the Dalits? What are the resilience practices of the Dalits? Based on the field-based study, interviews, and observations, the paper explored the exclusion of Dalits participation both in policy formulation and implementation. The detailed fieldwork in 2018 explored the technological domination of the government and non-government agencies while implementing the resilience of Dalit community. The Dalits were at the bottom of the socio-cultural hierarchy, including power, prestige, and property. The major flaw of the reconstruction and resilience was ignorance of the diversity of victims and ignorance of people’s knowledge of cultural resilience. The policies did not support their marginality and vulnerability.

YOLO-MSFR: real-time natural disaster victim detection based on improved YOLOv5 network

YOLO-MSFR: real-time natural disaster victim detection based on improved YOLOv5 network

PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS XI PADA MATERI KEBENCANAAN DENGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN GEOGRAFI BERBASIS SERVICE LEARNING

This research aims to: (1) improve students' ability to learn and understand the types of institutions that play a role in managing natural disasters; (2) to improve student learning outcomes. This classroom action research was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 TasiFeto Barat class X in the 2019/2020 academic year. The data collection method is by using tests to determine student learning outcomes and observation. The data analysis technique used is descriptive quantitative and qualitative analysis. The results of the research showed that in the first cycle of service learning, the teacher's performance did not provide enough time for students to digest the introductory material, the teacher did not provide enough time for students to master the practice of serving victims of natural disasters in depth. Cycle II, the teacher's performance in achieving the results obtained turned out to be 50.00% which had not been completed in taking the test. Cycle III, the general teacher performance of class Meanwhile, the results of the final test in cycle I, in terms of learning completeness (KKM=76), only 9 students (25.00%) have reached it and 27 students (75.00%) have not yet reached it. This means that the ability of learning outcomes to understand the material of institutions that play a role in managing natural disasters using the service learning model is not yet optimal. Cycle II of the test results found the following results, a student can be said to have good understanding if he has a completeness score of 76 with 80 percent or more. Meanwhile, classical completeness can be said to be successful if 90 percent or more have achieved an individual score of at least 76. So it can be said that the level of understanding of each student is still low because there are only 18 out of 36 people who achieved a score >76, and classical learning completeness is 50% . Cycle III, from the test results, the following results were found, a student can be said to have good understanding if he has a completeness score of 76 with 80 percent or more. Meanwhile, classical completion can be said to be successful if 90 percent or more have achieved an individual score of at least 76. Thus it is concluded that the application of the service learning learning model can improve the learning outcomes of class low.

Daya terima dan kandungan gizi formulasi biskuit IBBU sebagai pangan darurat bencana pereda stres ibu hamil

Background: Disasters can cause emergencies that have the potential to impact food and nutrition crises, especially in the first five days (first phase of emergency response); therefore, assistance is needed in the form of providing food immediately. Pregnant women are vulnerable groups that can become victims of disasters. Insufficient intake by pregnant women during a disaster can lead to a potential incidence of infection, stunting, and malnutrition in infants. Additionally, disaster conditions can cause pregnant women to experience stress.Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the formulation of disaster emergency food biscuits in an effort to relieve stress in pregnant women victims of disasters.Methods: This type of research was purely experimental on the biscuit formula and had a completely randomized design with five formulas. The nutritional content was calculated using DKBM. The acceptability test at the organoleptic stage was quasi-experimental. The organoleptic quality tested on 3 limited panelists and 25 somewhat trained panelists was analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis test (α ≤ 0,05). Results: The results showed that the formula with the best acceptability was F1 (purple sweet potato flour 30 g; skim milk powder 10 g; soy protein isolate 5 g; nutmeg powder 7 g) with total energy per serving 247,4 kcal, which fulfills 11% of the energy needs of pregnant women. Giving 7 grams of nutmeg powder can potentially relieve stress in pregnant women if consumed one serving per day for 15 days.Conclusion: An increasing number of substitutions resulted in lower acceptability and higher energy, protein, and fiber contents in biscuits. In addition, biscuits are produced with high nutritional content and can relieve stress. The formula with the best acceptability was obtained using F1 (7,5% purple sweet potato flour, 2,5% skim milk powder, 1,3% soy protein isolate, and 1,8% nutmeg) and had the potential to relieve the stress of pregnant female victims of the disaster.

The Urgency of the Bantul Regional Disaster Management Agency in Increasing Disaster Awareness among Women’s Community

Women are included in the list of vulnerable victims of disaster due to their lack of skills and lower physical strength than men. The role of the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) as a communicator or messenger is required in the efforts to increase disaster awareness and information among women's community. This urgency is supported by the condition of the area which has a high risk of disaster as well as the fact that the total female population outnumbers the males. This research aims to find out how the BPBD of Bantul Regency uses social media to promote disaster awareness and information to the women's community. In the digital era, social media is considered capable of channeling messages more widely to reach underserved communities. This research used a qualitative method with a case study approach. The research results show that the BPBD of Bantul Regency have made some efforts to increase disaster awareness and information among women's community by involving direct participation. In carrying out the role, the communicator has a structured information delivery and processing chain by involving Pusdalops (the Operational Control Center) and teams from each field. This results in messages wrapped in the form of social media content, even though the disaster narrative does not yet represent efforts to increase disaster awareness and information for women's community. The target of this social media communication is the general public, both men and women. The existence of a structured information delivery and processing chain as well as mastered materials can make the messages reach the women's community. The researchers propose an alternative model for disaster communication through social media as an effort to increase disaster awareness and information among women's community without changing existing disaster information communication patterns. The researchers propose this model to fill the gap in the role of teams in each field who should have knowledge capacity related to the disaster awareness and information among women's community

Potential iriadiation of Asam Keumamah as an emergency food alternative

Emergency food is safe and highly nutritious processed food for disaster victims. It is hoped that the various food product assistants provided after the disaster will be able to meet the needs, but some of the food cannot be stored for a long time. This study aimed to determine the potential of irradiated Asam Keumamah as an alternative to emergency food. The experimental study used a completely randomized design to irradiate five doses of Asam Keumamah stored for 30 days. Asam Keumamah was processed in the Food Technology Laboratory, Nutrition Department of the Aceh Polytechnic, in 2022. Data were collected through laboratory examinations including irradiation, total bacteria, and proximate tests. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and Duncan’s tests at 95% CI. The results showed that an irradiation dose of 0-20 kGy had no significant effect on the total bacteria and approximate levels of irradiated Asam Keumamah (p>0,05). Irradiation doses of 30, 40, and 50 kGy significantly affected the fat and carbohydrate levels in Asam Keumamah (p< 0,05). In conclusion, irradiated and vacuumed Asam Keumamah lasts longer; therefore, it can be recommended as an alternative post-disaster emergency food source.

Cervicothoracic junction in disaster victim identification: Idiosyncrasies and relevance of body position for advanced chest radiograph comparisons.

Standard plain film medical radiographs often form a valuable line of evidence to identify individuals in large-scale fatality events. While commonly available, chest radiographs present a challenge that their analysis is somewhat more involved and complex than radiographic records of other body regions. For example, chest radiographs concern subtler morphological varieties of smaller anatomical features across a larger number of skeletal elements in contrast to frontal sinus comparisons that concern a large, (often) single, highly variable void within one bone. This does not detract from or discount chest radiographs as useful identification aids, but it does demand additional prerequisite skills in radiographic interpretation to ensure valid conclusions are attained. When subjects deviate from standardized antemortem (AM) radiographic positions and/or the image quality decreases, the complexity of a chest radiograph comparison is elevated. Generally, the current body of forensic radiographic comparison literature infrequently addresses these more complex circumstances. In this paper, we use real-world radiographic comparison reference images from a military DVI repatriation context to illustrate these factors and outline some procedures that enable these complexities to be easily recognized and appropriately addressed at case examination. A report for an exemplar case that concurrently highlights multiple factors is presented. For novices learning radiographic comparison methods, this case review saliently demonstrates: (1) why the AM reference radiograph(s) drive(s) the radiographic comparison procedure; (2) why care should be taken for correct positioning of the cervicothoracic junction in postmortem radiography of chest elements.

공동체 탄력성이 재난피해자의 사회적응에 미치는 영향

The resilience of these communities plays a significant role in helping disaster victims recover from damage and adapt to their daily lives. Furthermore, the active social participation of disaster victims is essential for their social adaptation. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between community resilience and social adaptation among individuals affected by disaster damage, while also examining the moderating effect of social participation. Using data obtained from the survey results of the National Disaster and Safety Research Institute’s “Disaster Victim Safety Service Establishment” study, this research employed SPSS 22.0 statistical programs to analyze responses from 1,738 disaster victims. The analysis revealed that community resilience and social participation were positively related to social adaptation. Additionally, the level of social participation was found to moderate the relationship between community resilience and social adaptation. Based on the study’s findings, several suggestions were put forth.

The Effect of START Triage Simulation Method on the Preparedness of Puskesmas Nurses at Risk Disaster in Helping Victims in Ternate

Background: Disasters can cause deaths, injuries, damage to health facilities and public health problems. An effective approach is needed in handling victims through triage. Objective; analyzed the effect of the START triage method simulation on preparedness to help disaster victims by nurses at the Disaster Prone Health Center in Ternate City. Method: This research design is quasi experimental Pretest-posttest Control Group Design. The sample for this research is 50 nursing staff spread across 4 health centers in disaster-prone areas. The instruments used were questionnaires and observation sheets. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon test. Results: The research results showed that using the Wilcoxon test (α=0.05), the p value for the control group was 0.001 and the p value for the treatment group was 0.000. Conclusion: Providing the START triage method simulation to the treatment group had an effect on preparedness to help disaster victims by community health center nurses.

Model Proposal for the Use of Pneumatic (Inflatable) Structures in the Case of Earthquake Disaster

Earthquake is natural disaster that can cause great destruction and loss of life and property. Temporary emergency structures, tents or containers, are used continuously until the reconstruction of the basic needs after the earthquake disaster. However today, with innovative structures, various systems that can offer more advantageous solutions to the needs of disaster victims can be proposed. In this study, the use of pneumatic (inflatable) structures for earthquake disasters is discussed. Since it is system that relatively little known and has wide variety of structural features, it is aimed to develop holistic fictional model that includes the process for making the most appropriate selection. Thus, as a result of the introduction of pneumatic structures and the creation of model for use; will be widespread by increasing the awareness of its positive qualities such as lightness, fast construction, easy storage in small volumes and transportation, flexibility and reusability in earthquake disasters.

The Role and Implications of Shamanism in Korean Disaster Management

The number of shamans, as a category of disaster management stakeholders, has significantly increased in Korea. However, the role of shamans in mitigating the psychological impact of disasters has not been adequately studied. This research explores how to improve the role of shamanism in the field of Korean disaster management toward the ultimate goal of mitigating the psychological impact of disasters. Descriptive content analysis is used to systematically compare the secularism approach with the psychological impact mitigation approach by considering professional shamans, community leaders, educators and researchers, and disaster victims. The most significant finding is that Korea needs to supplement its current secularism approach with the psychological impact mitigation approach. Asian nations could benefit from insights on the significance of behavioral change, cultural competency, neo-shamanism, and multiple networks. The value of this study lies in its more rigorous investigation of Korean shamanism in relation to disaster management compared with previous works.

Forensic odontology in DVI-A path forward.

Dental identification is a pillar of disaster victim identification (DVI). Dental identification is accurate, efficient, inexpensive, and accepted in courts of law. The (known) antemortem (AM) dental charts and radiographic images acquired from the dentist of the missing person are evaluated, processed, and compared to post mortem (PM) findings present in the dentition or fragments of the dentition of the deceased individual. These comparisons evaluate and assess individuating restorative dental work, dental anatomical areas of concordance, spatial relationships of teeth one to another, and occasionally calculate the degree of "uniqueness" of either or both of the AM and PM dentition compared to known population databases. In a multiple fatality incident, odontologists may utilize age stratification to assist other means of identification. Computer comparison algorithms using recorded data can indicate possible matches between AM and PM data sets. Following clinical assessment, collection of post mortem tooth specimens for DNA profiling generation may be undertaken. This paper will highlight modern and efficient use of these tools. The framework for how dental identification in these incidents is currently managed is presented. The authors propose a change to this approach that moves away from interpretive subjective assessment toward comparisons based largely on objective data. The aim of this paper is to highlight the benefits of minimizing subjective decisions and maximizing objective data in the dental DVI process while simultaneously reducing risk to clinical personnel and minimizing costs by reducing the number of clinicians required onsite.

Emergency medical supplies scheduling during public health emergencies: algorithm design based on AI techniques

Based on AI technology, this study proposes a novel large-scale emergency medical supplies scheduling (EMSS) algorithm to address the issues of low turnover efficiency of medical supplies and unbalanced supply and demand point scheduling in public health emergencies. We construct a fairness index using an improved Gini coefficient by considering the demand for emergency medical supplies (EMS), actual distribution, and the degree of emergency at disaster sites. We developed a bi-objective optimisation model with a minimum Gini index and scheduling time. We employ a heterogeneous ant colony algorithm to solve the Pareto boundary based on reinforcement learning. A reinforcement learning mechanism is introduced to update and exchange pheromones among populations, with reward factors set to adjust pheromones and improve algorithm convergence speed. The effectiveness of the algorithm for a large EMSS problem is verified by comparing its comprehensive performance against a super-large capacity evaluation index. Results demonstrate the algorithm's effectiveness in reducing convergence time and facilitating escape from local optima in EMSS problems. The algorithm addresses the issue of demand differences at each disaster point affecting fair distribution. This study optimises early-stage EMSS schemes for public health events to minimise losses and casualties while mitigating emotional distress among disaster victims.

Care in emergencies and disasters: Can it be person-centered?

ObjectivesWhile person-/patient-centered care aims to influence policymakers’ rules and regulations to improve the care of individuals worldwide, exploration of the concept in the context of disaster and public health emergencies as an alternative ethical approach is lacking. This study aims to provide a nuanced understanding of the advantages and challenges of diverse ethical approaches in emergencies, to improve patient care. MethodsA survey, created after several rounds of Delphi methodology, with 22 statements, was applied to 39 participants from nine different countries. The questionnaire’s results, including participants’ comments, were analyzed. ResultsThe results show that practitioners chose to use a combination of diverse ethical approaches in managing victims of disasters and public health emergencies. ConclusionThe selection of an approach is context- and situation-dependent and seems to primarily respond to the nature of underlying etiology, creating a possibility to use diverse approaches to offer individualized care on a later occasion and when a flexible surge capacity is available. Practice ImplicationsThe outcomes of this study will enhance the future ethical discussion in person/patient-centered care during situations with limited resources and help to develop necessary ethical and educational guidelines.

PERAN PUSAT PENGEMBANGAN ANAK IO-497 BENYAMIN OEBUFU DALAM PEMULIHAN SPIRITUALITAS PASCA SIKLON SEROJA DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF ETIKA SOLIDARITAS

This article is focuses on the roke of the Children Development Center (CDac)IO-497 Benyamin Oebufu in his solidarity action to strive for sprituality convalescence of 86 congregations of the Evangelical Christian Church in Timor (GMIT). Benyamin Oebufu was one of many who felt it in person the impact of the Seroja cyclone disaster. Using a qualitative method with data colkection through structured interviews techniques, it was concluded that there were two impacts that affect the spirituallity of the congregation of the victims, material injury of losing homes and psychic traumatized by this event. Seeing the condition faced by the victims, the Church and CDC made immidiate response such as trauma healing camp for children of disaster victim and collaborating with the Indonesian Compassion Foundation (YCI) to build new housing for families whose home were destroyed. These efforts were made as solidarity form as human beings who have an ethical responsibility to care for others who suffering as stated by Rebecca Todd Peters regarding four ethical tasks of solidarity; presenting metanoia (repentence/fundamental change), respecting difference, showing loyalty-accountability and real actions. CDC's roles in the recovery effort reflected God's solidarity through those four tasks.

Increasing Community Capacity through the Disaster Resilient Village Program (Keltana) in Biawu Village, Gorontalo City

In developing disaster resilient villages/sub-districts, stakeholders must conduct studies regarding disaster risks in their villages/sub-districts. The aim of this research is to analyze increasing community capacity through the disaster resilient subdistrict program (Keltana). The methods used are observation, discussion, socialization and evaluation methods. It is hoped that the results of the community service that has been carried out will provide a more specific understanding regarding the Disaster Resilient Village program and increase the community's capacity to remain active in protecting the environment, responding to factors that cause disasters or adopting disaster preparedness, disaster mitigation, disaster triage, basic life support. (BHD), evacuation or handling of refugees and disaster victims. This activity specifically explains how to overcome flood disasters by strengthening community capacity so that it runs effectively and efficiently.

Performance Measurement of Zakat Utilization: The Effectiveness of Zakat Distribution

In this study, we will examine the performance of zakat. The background of the research is the zakat utilization program as one of the programs in the zakat intermediation role, performance must be assessed to see the sustainability of the program. One of them is the effectiveness of the zakat distribution program. The research method used is a case study of zakat programs (BAZNAS) in West Java area, with a descriptive analysis approach. Data collection techniques used were observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. The results of this study are expected to be an innovation that becomes a reference for zakat institution managers to assess the performance of zakat utilization by looking at the effectiveness of the zakat distribution program. Zakat distribution program at BAZNAS of West Java focuses on the economy, health, and education. BAZNAS of West Java is distributed for da’wah and the victims of natural disasters. Zakat utilization at BAZNAS of West Java covers the fields of economy, health, and education. In carrying out the role as a zakat distributor, BAZNAS of West Java still encounters obstacles that hinder the effectiveness of the zakat distribution program. Many measurements are used to assess the effectiveness of its role in zakat distribution, including the implementation of standard operating procedures (SOP).
 Keywords: effectiveness, zakat utilization, zakat