Vibrating Sample Magnetometer Research Articles

Structural, dielectric and Magnetic properties of Samarium-doped (Ni-Zn) based Spinel Ferrites (Ni0.5Zn0.5SmxFe2-xO4) nanomaterials

Samarium doped Ni-Zn ferrites (Ni0.5Zn0.5SmxFe2-xO4) were synthesized using sol-gel auto-combustion technique with Sm3+ doping concentrations varying as x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20. The prepared nanomaterials were examined using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), complex impedance spectroscopy (CIS) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The XRD examination verified the pure FCC spinel phase of all samples with no impurity peak. The FTIR analysis for spinel molecules formation identified two frequency bands at the octa and tetrahedral sites. The TEM analysis confirmed the shape, size and distribution of prepared nanoparticles. The different dielectric properties were analyzed with a frequency range of 1 MHz to 3 GHz and the impact of doping was also studied simultaneously. Magnetic nature of prepared materials was investigated at room using the VSM. It is found that the prepared nanomaterials are suitable for high energy storage as well as magnetic applications.

Preparation of a novel Cu‐Ni mixed nanoparticles immobilized on clay: An Eco-friendly Nanocatalyst for mild synthesis of Benzimidazoles and pyrimidines

In the present work, Cu‐Ni mixed nanoparticles immobilized in magnetic clay (MMT-BAC@Fe3O4@CuNi) nanocatalyst were successfully synthesized using a simple method for the first time. In the design of this catalyst, nickel and copper ions were reduced and deposited on clay layers using a benzalkonium chloride directing group. The proposed method offers a safe, sustainable, and selective approach for the synthesis of 2-substituted benzimidazole and 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones using an environmentally friendly nanocatalyst. The solid catalyst was distinguished using a diversity of methods, including EDX (Energy Dispersive X-Ray), XRD (X-ray Diffraction), ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma), VSM (Vibrating Sample Magnetometer), FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) and FE-SEM (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy). The significant features of this new protocol include good to excellent efficiency, oxidant-free conditions, low catalyst loading, inexpensive and non-toxic catalyst, simple procedure, moderate conditions, straightforward work-up, short reaction times, and easy reuse of the nanocatalyst.

Study on the structure, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and magnetic properties of Sr1-xYxFe12O19 hexaferrites

The Sr1-xYxFe12O19 (x =, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15) series hexagonal ferrite samples were successfully prepared by the sol-gel method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that Y3+ successfully replaced Sr2+ sites, resulting in a reduction of lattice parameters and unit cell volume. Mössbauer spectral analysis showed that Y3+doping caused the conversion of some Fe3+ to Fe2+ at the 2a site, resulting in a decrease in the average hyperfine field of the doped samples. Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measurements indicated that with increasing Y3⁺ content, the saturation magnetization of the samples decreased, while the coercivity significantly increased. Notably, at a doping level of x = 0.05, the sample exhibited a coercivity of 4798.09 Oe, representing a 99.11% increase compared to the undoped sample, while the saturation magnetization only decreased by 3.24%.

Synthesis, characterization, and gas-sensing application of Cd0.5Zn0.5NdxFe2–xO4 nanoparticles

Fabrication of Cd0.5Zn0.5NdxFe2–xO4 nanoparticles, with x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, and 0.08, has been carried out using a wet chemical co-precipitation method. The effect of the rare earth Nd3+ doping on the prepared ferrites was structurally investigated using x-ray diffraction (XRD) along with Rietveld refinement. The results indicate great crystallinity in the FCC Fd3m spinel structure of Cd0.5Zn0.5NdxFe2–xO4 nanoparticles. The lattice parameter increases with the increase of doping concentration from 8.5378 until 8.5432 Å and the crystallite size obtained using Debye-Sherrer, Williamson–Hall, Size-strain plot (SSP), and Halder-Wagner (H-W) methods, decreases until the solubility limit of the materials is at x = 0.04. By using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the morphological analysis reveals the spherical shape of the samples with minor agglomeration with the aid of using a Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) capping agent. The grain size ranges from 14.37 to 15.24 nm. Raman spectroscopy verifies the incorporation of Nd3+ in the octahedral sites and the decrease in particle size. The elemental composition was verified using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The magnetic properties were studied using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and it shows superparamagnetic behavior with a decrease in the saturation magnetization from 2.207 to 1.918 emu g−1 and an increase in coercivity from 7.194 to 14.397 G. The prepared materials were tested as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) sensors by studying their sensitivity, selectivity, optimum working temperature, response, and recovery times. Nd3+ doping shows a great increase in LPG sensing sensitivity 4 to 20 times than the pure samples. The doping concentration also decreases the response and recovery times.

Tribological and magnetic properties of AlCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy fabricated by MA-SPS

In this study, the AlCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy (HEA) with two FCC and BCC crystalline phases was successfully synthesized through 60 h of mechanical alloying (MA) followed by spark plasma sintering (SPS). After the sintering process, these solid solutions underwent further transformation, resulting in the coexistence of FCC, BCC, and σ phases. This highlights the considerable significance of considering mixing enthalpy in the context of determining phase formation in HEAs. The mechanical properties of the bulk specimen were assessed using nano-hardness, micro-hardness, and shear punch tests, yielding mean values of 781 ± 10 Vickers for nano-hardness and 762 ± 10 Vickers for micro-hardness. Additionally, the alloy exhibited a yield tensile strength of 367 ± 4 MPa and an ultimate tensile strength of 445 ± 5 MPa. Examination of fracture surface of the sintered HEA illustrated cleavage fractures, likely attributed to the presence of the BCC phase. Furthermore, the tribological behavior of the alloy was investigated through pin-on-disk wear tests at different temperatures (ambient, 250 °C, and 500 °C). The results indicated a shift in the wear mechanism and an increase in the coefficient of friction with rising temperature. These changes correlated with the temperature-dependent increase in the volume fraction of the FCC phase, as observed in XRD patterns, suggesting its potential influence on altering the wear mechanism. Eventually, the magnetic behavior of the alloy was analyzed using vibration sample magnetometer (VSM) analysis, confirming its ferromagnetic behavior.

Structural, micro-structural and physico-chemical studies of Polyvinylpyroledene (PVP) added Cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles

To understand the structural and physico-chemical behavior of magnetic nanoparticle (CoFe2O4) is necessary for the selection of materials for various technological applications. The structural parameters derived from X-Ray diffraction (XRD) such as hopping length of site A (LA) and site B (LB), bond length between two A sites (dLA), two B sites (dLB), A and B (dLAB) and some related lengths. The micro-structural and magnetic studies from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibration sample magnetometer (VSM) analysis such as force constant, bond lengths between cation – anion (p, q, r, s) and cation - cation (b, c, d, e, f), and the angles between the bonds (θ1, θ2, θ3, θ4, θ5) values and trends were studied and it is merely suitable for 7.5 and 12.5 %. In addition some mechanical behavior obtained through their stiff constant C11 and C12 such as Young's modulus, bulk modulus, rigidity modulus and etc., The dielectric and electrochemical behavior of CoFe2O4 measured through AC conductivity (σAC), resistivity (ρAC) and electric modulus (M’, M’’ and M*) electrochemical parameters (V/I, impedance) through LCR and Cyclic voltameter measurements. The obtained results were interpreted and discussed extensively.

Z-scheme heterojunction g-C3N4/GO/CuFe2O4 (CGC) nanocomposite: Enhanced photocatalytic, antibacterial and anticancer properties

This study synthesized a novel heterojunction nanocomposite, copper ferrite (CuFe2O4) modified graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), and graphene oxide (GO) through a simple and cost-effective method. So, the heterojunction nanocomposite was confirmed by some techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), photoluminescence (PL), Raman analyses, etc. These analyses showed that the nanocomposite is significantly used in environmental and biomedical applications. The nanocomposite exhibits excellent properties, making it a promising candidate for environmental remediation and biomedical applications. Applying GO can facilitate the transfer of electrons and enhance the photocatalyst adsorption capacity while using CuFe2O4 enhances the separate charges. The dye degradation process attained 96.5% promising efficiency in only 60 minutes and just 5.4% degradation after 30 minutes in dark conditions, which showed excellent activity to degrade methylene blue via the Z-scheme mechanism. Also, the optimal values of some factors such as Kinetic, pH, dosage, scavenger, and dye concentration were investigated. In addition, the antibacterial activity was examined by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, which showed effective activity. The nanocomposite made the area of inhibition on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus about 13.3± 0.8 and 7.6 ± 0.3 mm, respectively, which showed an attractive antibacterial agent. According to the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) tetrazolium assay, the synthesized compound has no cytotoxic activity.

High speed enrichment of benzoylurea insecticides by hierarchical pore nitrogen doped carbon materials induced with hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks

The high speed enrichment of benzoylurea insecticides (BUs) in complex matrices is an essential and challenging step. The present study focuses on the synthesis of a hierarchical pore nitrogen-doped carbon material for magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) of BUs. This material was prepared through the carbonization of a composite material ZIF-67@MCA which assembly with hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (melamine-cyanurate, MCA) and zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-67) at room temperature. The optimal adsorption effect is achieved when the mass ratio of ZIF-67 to MCA is 1/3, and the carbonization was performed at 600 °C, the such obtained carbon material was denoted as 1/3ZIF-67@MCA-DCs-600. The material was characterized with various physical methods including X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), water contact angle measurement, Raman spectrometry. 1/3ZIF-67@MCA-DCs-600 exhibits a macro-mesoporous 3D structure with a high degree of nitrogen doping and relatively large specific surface area, making it suitable for magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE). The adsorption of BUs with concentration of 100 ng mL-1 can reach equilibrium within 5 s. The interaction between BUs and the adsorbent, facilitated by π-π stacking, hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonding forces, as well as the material's porosity, enables efficient extraction recoveries ranging from 45 % to 92 %. The enrichment of BUs was achieved through the establishment of an MSPE method under optimized conditions, which was further coupled with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the determination of the four BUs. The linear range spans from 5 ng ml-1 to 1000 ng ml-1 with the correlation coefficient (R2) of ≥ 0.99, Meanwhile, the detection limit for these four BUs falls within the range of 0.01 to 0.10 ng ml-1. The material exhibits good reusability and can be reused for at least 5 cycles. Inter day and intra-day precision ranges from 2.1-7.9 % and 1.0-4.8 %, respectively. The method demonstrates a high level of reliability in practical applications for the determination of BUs.

High-efficient separation of photoinduced charge carriers in CoFe2O4-ZnO magnetic heterostructures mediated by oxygen vacancies

In this work, magnetic heterostructures were obtained by the in-situ growth of various ZnO amounts on the preformed CoFe2O4 nanoparticles. The X-ray diffraction characterization shows the presence of both ZnO and CoFe2O4 crystalline phases, and the crystallite size is about 13–14 nm for both components. X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analysis revealed a CoFe2O4 inversion degree of 0.7. The composite samples demonstrated an extended absorption edge into the visible range. The sample’s magnetic properties were investigated by vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM) and correlated with Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) results. The magnetic behavior was attributed to the combination of CoFe2O4 and ferromagnetic ZnO. The emergence of a ferromagnetic phase within ZnO was elucidated to originate from charge/spin transfer of spin-up polarized states from the CoFe2O4 Fermi level into empty oxygen vacancies of ZnO. High efficiency in Rhodamine B (RhB) degradation under visible light was observed in the prepared composite materials, particularly with an optimal CoFe2O4-ZnO ratio of 1:5, achieving an 81 % degradation rate within 6 h. The proposed photodegradation mechanism, based on various spectroscopic and magnetic investigations, highlights the role of spin transfer and oxygen vacancies in facilitating reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation for pollutant degradation.

Pennisteum glaucum-derived carbon dots, synthesized through green approach to degrade Rose Bengal and Methylene Blue dyes photocatalytically

In the present study, carbon dots (C-dots) were synthesized using a simple and uncomplicated pyrolysis method at 250 °C with varying duration of 1 h, 2 h, and 3 h, utilizing Pennisetum glaucum as the biomass precursor to break down methylene blue (MB) and Rose Bengal (RB) dyes under UV light exposure. Various analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–visible spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM), were utilized to investigate the chemical, optical, electronic, surface morphological, and magnetic characteristics of the C-dots produced. These C-dots are crystalline, nearly spherical, and have particle sizes ranging from 4.73 nm to 12.44 nm. FTIR analysis identified the functional groups present on the surface of the C-dots. Additionally, the band gap energy of the C-dots reduced from 2.82 eV to 2.40 eV with an increase in pyrolysis time. They are effective for cleaning dye-polluted wastewater and demonstrate high photocatalytic performance. When exposed to UV light, the synthesized particles achieved impressive photocatalytic degradation of 94.80 % for MB and 91.80 % for RB dyes.

Preparation of a new reusable magnetic organocatalyst to synthesis of polyhydroquinoline derivatives as cytotoxic Agents: Synthesis and biological evaluation

One of the most important ways to practice environmental stewardship is to turn waste materials into useful nanomaterials through ecological recycling. This work introduces a magnetic organocatalyst made from red mud waste, adding to the “greening” of global chemical processes.The new composite (Fe3O4@SiO2@(CH2)3@4-(2-Aminoethyl)-morpholine) is introduced and characterized by different spectroscopic methods such as fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), mapping, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and vibrating-sample magnetometers (VSM). Catalytic activity of the catalyst was evaluated in production of some polyhydroquinoline derivatives and the results showed efficiency. Nine polyhydroquinoline derivatives were synthesized (M1-M9) and their cytotoxic properties evaluated against two human-cancerous cell lines (Hep-G2 and SW480) by MTT assay. Most of the compounds exhibited high inhibitory activity against two studied cell lines. M2 bearing 2-chloro substitution on phenyl ring was exhibited appropriate activity (IC50 = 14.70 ± 3.11 µM) against SW480 cell line in comparison to cisplatin as positive control.

Physical properties of La3+ ion doped Ni[sbnd]Zn based spinel ferrite nanomaterials for technological applications

Spinel ferrite nanoparticles are extensively utilized in various everyday applications due to their exceptional capabilities. They are highly effective and efficient for various applications such as energy storage devices, microwave, electrode design, fuel cells, and recording media. Based on these applications, five samples of lanthanum doped nickel‑zinc spinel ferrite Ni0.5Zn0.5LaxFe2-xO4 nanoparticles were synthesized using the sol-gel auto-combustion technique. The lanthanum concentrations varied as x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed the formation of single phase cubic spinel structure of the prepared samples. The crystallite size was determined using the Scherrer formula and the values lies in the range of 9.22 to 20.09 nm. The chemical composition of the prepared samples was confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the agglomeration and spherical shape morphology of the nanoparticles with an average particle size of 40 nm. Magnetic properties along with La3+ ion concentrations were investigated using the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The dielectric properties of the prepared samples were carried out using impedance analyzer with an applied frequency ranging from 1 MHz to 3 GHz. Furthermore, the polarization mechanism in the applied frequency range was discussed with relaxation behavior at high frequency. The impact of La3+ concentrations on different parameters such as dielectric constant, impedance, electric modulus, tangent loss, and Ac conductivity were also investigated. The investigation of dielectric parameters. The relaxation mechanism at high frequency provided a significant impact of such type of materials to store energy due lake of hopping between the tetra and octahedral sites by addition of La3+ doping. The prepared samples exhibit excellent magnetic as well dielectric properties which makes suitable for microwave devices and soft magnetic applications.

Preparation and Study Some Properties of Ferrite Nanoparticles(CuxAl0.3-xNi0.7Fe2O4)

The current study includes the preparation of CuxAl0.3-xNi0.7Fe2O4 ferrite nanoparticles where: x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, and 0.3 using the auto combustion method (sol-gel). The citric acid was used as fuel for auto combustion. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) test showed an increase in the crystal lattice constant, which is of face-centered cubic (FCC) structure. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) showed that the compound has apparent porosity; its grains are spherical or semi-spherical and within the nanoscale. The Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) proved the presence of all the elements involved in the preparation of the compound, and there are no other elements, which means that it is of high purity. The vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) showed that the hysteresis loop is small and narrow, meaning the wasted energy is as little as possible. In addition, it was found that the compound has good sensitivity to NO2 gas.

Investigating the structural and magnetic properties of Fe3Se4 nanoparticles and it's photocatalytic application

This study explores the potential of synthesized Fe3Se4 nanoparticles by solid-state reaction method and it's photocatalytic application. The structural parameters validated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) demonstrate a monoclinic structure. The particle size of the prepared material was estimated at approximately 95 nm, as observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and it's composition was verified by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Strong Raman modes were observed at 225 cm−1 which is responsible for lattice vibration in Fe3Se4. Both Fe2+ and Fe3+ oxidation states were present in Fe3Se4, as characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). From the thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) curves, the Fe3Se4 was confirmed to be stable up to 295 °C. vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) tests revealed that the coercivity was 151 Oe at ambient temperature and increased 20 times to 2425 Oe at 15 K. Tauc's plot indicated an optical band gap value of 1.12 eV. Fe3Se4 nanoparticles achieved an 80.79 % dye degradation efficiency and exhibited photocatalytic activity against methylene blue dye. In photocatalysis, the apparent pseudo-first-order k1 and pseudo-second-order k2 rate constants are 0.018 min−1 and 0.058 min−1.

Green auto-combustion synthesis of SrNiO3/NiO/SrCO3 ferromagnetic-nanocomposites in the presence carbohydrate sugars and their application as photocatalyst for degradation of water-soluble organic-pollutants

This study utilized an environmentally-friendly method to synthesize SrNiO3/NiO/SrCO3 nanocomposites using glucose and lactose as fuels. A variety of fuel concentrations were investigated in order to determine their effects on SrNiO3/NiO/SrCO3 nanocomposites from both a pure and a morphological perspective. Various physiochemical techniques were employed to examine the crystal structure, morphology, optical, magnetic, and surface properties of the synthesized nanoparticles. These techniques included X-ray diffract, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), vibrating sample magnetometers, and Brunauer-Emmett-Tellers. The band gap of the as-synthesized nanoparticles was determined to be 2.5eV, suggesting that they are capable of acting as a photocatalyst under sunlight-like conditions. The photocatalytic activity of SrNiO3/NiO/SrCO3 nanocomposites was evaluated against Methyl orange (MO) and Methyl violet (MV), and the mechanism of the photocatalyst was investigated using EDTA, benzoic acid, and benzoquinone as scavengers. A comparison of photocatalytic activity in UV and sun-like light showed that maximum degradation (92%) and (84.8%) were related to degradation of MO (20 ppm) and MV in 60min, respectively. The results indicate that SrNiO3/NiO/SrCO3 nanocomposites synthesized using the auto combustion method may serve as a promising photocatalyst for the degradation of organic pollutants in the environment within a short period of time.

Innovative approach against cancer: Thymoquinone-loaded PHEMA-based magnetic nanoparticles and their effects on MCF-7 breast cancer

Breast cancer is most common cancer among women in the World. Thymoquinone (TQ) exhibits a wide range of biological activities such as anticancer, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, analgesic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, its effectiveness in cancer treatment is hindered by its poor bioavailability, attributed to its limited solubility in water. Hence, novel strategies are required to enhance the bioavailability of TQ, which possesses remarkable anticancer characteristics. The aim of this study is to prepare pHEMA-based magnetic nanoparticles carrying TQ (TQ-MNPs) to improve bioavailability, and therapeutic efficacy against breast cancer. For this purpose, TQ-MNPs were synthesized and characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), magnetic field using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The loading capabilities of synthesized magentic nanostructures were evaluated, and release investigations were conducted under experimental conditions that mimic the cellular environment. The findings of the studies indicated that the TQ carrying capacity of MNPs was deemed satisfactory, and the release efficiency was adequate. MNPs and TQ-MNPs showed biocompatibility against HDFa cells. TQ-MNPs showed stronger anti-proliferative activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells compared to free TQ (p < 0.05). TQ-MNPs induced apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.

Facile sol–gel synthesis of trivalent Al3+-Gd3+ ions co-doped nanoscale cobalt spinel ferrite for magneto-electronic applications

The magnetic spinel ferrites nanomaterials simultaneously doped with multivalent cations have gained a lot of interest from many researchers during the last decade. Also, the doping of trivalent rare-earth ions in spinel ferrites is promising for many technological applications. Considering these facts, in this work we investigated the trivalent Al3+-Gd3+ ions co-doped cobalt ferrite nanoparticles with nominal composition as CoFe2-2xAlxGdxO4 (x = 0.00, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07, 0.10). The sol–gel auto ignition route assisted by citric acid as a chelating agent was utilized to synthesize the series of nanoparticles. The Rietveld refined X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were analyzed to ensure the single-phase formation of nanoparticles with spinel cubic structure. The spherical-shaped grain morphology of the nanoparticles was indicated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. The elemental analysis obtained by energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) revealed stoichiometric formation of the samples along with high purity. The two prominent frequency modes analogous to the spinel ferrite structure were noted in the infrared spectra assuring the successful formation of all the samples. The soft magnetic behaviour with a lower coercivity of the prepared nanoparticles was confirmed by the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) technique. The DC electrical resistivity plots indicated that resistivity decreases with an increase in Al3+-Gd3+ co-doping. The dielectric studies of all the samples showed increasing behaviour with an increase in Al3+-Gd3+ co-doping. All the results suggest that the Al3+-Gd3+ co-doped cobalt ferrite nanoparticles can be useful for real-world applications, specifically in nanoelectronics devices.

Superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles capped with silver induce apoptosis of colon cancer cells via damaging DNA@increasing ROS

A sol-gel approach was used to create magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) as a core and silver (Ag) as a shell. Ag-Fe3O4 NPs were identified by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive x-ray (EDX), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques. The capabilities of Ag-Fe3O4 NPs to induce apoptosis were investigated utilizing the Acridine orange/Ethidium bromide stain. The activity of NPs against (HT-29) cancer cells was further evaluated in and out of the existence of near-infrared (NIR) laser beam and alternating magnetic field (AMF). The exposed laser enhanced the cytotoxicity effect against (HT-29) cells. However, greatly elevated cytotoxic activity was seen with using the AMF.

Magnetic curcumin–copper graphene oxide as facile and recyclable heterogeneous nanocatalyst for preparation of polyhydroquinolines and sulfoxides

In this research project, a versatile procedure has been designed for the preparation of supported copper@curcumin on magnetic graphene oxide nanoparticles (GO@Fe3O4@Cur–Cu). The structure of prepared nanocatalyst was characterized by several techniques including; Fourier transform infrared, powder X-ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy analyses. The catalytic properties of GO@Fe3O4@Cur–Cu were examined for the efficient synthesis of polyhydroquinolines as well as the preparation of sulfoxides through selective oxidation of sulfides in the presence of hydrogen peroxide.

Geometry and Surface Area Optimization in Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Enhanced Magnetic Properties.

Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are recognized for their potential in biomedical applications due to their distinctive physicochemical properties. This study investigates the synthesis of IONPs with various geometric morphologies-cubic, star-like, truncated icosahedron, and spherical-via thermal decomposition to enhance their utility in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and targeted drug delivery. X-ray diffraction analysis verified the Fe3O4 phase in all nanoparticles, illustrating the synthesis's efficacy. Particle morphologies were well-defined, with sizes ranging from 10 to 150 nm, as determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Magnetic evaluations using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM-PPMs) demonstrated their superparamagnetic behavior, with larger particles exhibiting greater saturation magnetization. Notably, truncated icosahedron and cubic IONPs showed superior transverse relaxation rates, with r2 values of 56.77 s1 mM1 and 42.67 s1 mM1, respectively. These results highlight the potential of customizing IONP geometries to optimize their magnetic properties and increase surface area available for functionalization, thereby improving their efficacy for biomedical applications.