Verification Module Research Articles

다축 스핀들 헤드 기반의 전용 공작기계 설계

When many holes on a plane are machined simultaneously, the positional precision and machining efficiency are very important. Multi-spindle heads are typical order making products of which the number of shafts and hole positions vary depending on the size or form of the product. For the automatic design of multi-spindle heads, the design modules for power transmission systems for drive, idle, and spindle shafts were developed, and a design technique the determining the optimum position and number of idle shafts according to gear positions was developed. In addition, for the precise determination of the multi-spindle head, the design methods for the guide planes of columns, and feed mechanisms were devised. In addition, the design modules for accurate clamping and automatic transportation mechanisms were developed. Finally, in order to simplify and standardize the design process, the design analysis and simulation verification modules are integrated.

The Polyhedral Model of Nonlinear Loops

Runtime code optimization and speculative execution are becoming increasingly prominent to leverage performance in the current multi- and many-core era. However, a wider and more efficient use of such techniques is mainly hampered by the prohibitive time overhead induced by centralized data race detection, dynamic code behavior modeling, and code generation. Most of the existing Thread Level Speculation (TLS) systems rely on naively slicing the target loops into chunks and trying to execute the chunks in parallel with the help of a centralized performance-penalizing verification module that takes care of data races. Due to the lack of a data dependence model, these speculative systems are not capable of doing advanced transformations, and, more importantly, the chances of rollback are high. The polyhedral model is a well-known mathematical model to analyze and optimize loop nests. The current state-of-art tools limit the application of the polyhedral model to static control codes. Thus, none of these tools can generally handle codes with while loops, indirect memory accesses, or pointers. Apollo (Automatic POLyhedral Loop Optimizer) is a framework that goes one step beyond and applies the polyhedral model dynamically by using TLS. Apollo can predict, at runtime, whether the codes are behaving linearly or not, and it applies polyhedral transformations on-the-fly. This article presents a novel system that enables Apollo to handle codes whose memory accesses and loop bounds are not necessarily linear. More generally, this approach expands the applicability of the polyhedral model at runtime to a wider class of codes. Plugging together both linear and nonlinear accesses to the dependence prediction model enables the application of polyhedral loop optimizing transformations even for nonlinear code kernels while also allowing a low-cost speculation verification.

Tabby Talks: An automated tool for the assessment of childhood apraxia of speech

Children with developmental disabilities such as childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) require repeated intervention sessions with a speech therapist, sometimes extending over several years. Technology-based therapy tools offer the potential to reduce the demanding workload of speech therapists as well as time and cost for families. In response to this need, we have developed “Tabby Talks,” a multi-tier system for remote administration of speech therapy. This paper describes the speech processing pipeline to automatically detect common errors associated with CAS. The pipeline contains modules for voice activity detection, pronunciation verification, and lexical stress verification. The voice activity detector evaluates the intensity contour of an utterance and compares it against an adaptive threshold to detect silence segments and measure voicing delays and total production time. The pronunciation verification module uses a generic search lattice structure with multiple internal paths that covers all possible pronunciation errors (substitutions, insertions and deletions) in the child’s production. Finally, the lexical stress verification module classifies the lexical stress across consecutive syllables into strong–weak or weak-strong patterns using a combination of prosodic and spectral measures. These error measures can be provided to the therapist through a web interface, to enable them to adapt the child’s therapy program remotely. When evaluated on a dataset of typically developing and disordered speech from children ages 4–16years, the system achieves a pronunciation verification accuracy of 88.2% at the phoneme level and 80.7% at the utterance level, and lexical stress classification rate of 83.3%.

FPN‐SAODV: using fuzzy petri nets for securing AODV routing protocol in mobile Ad hoc network

SummaryIn this paper, we use fuzzy Petri nets (FPNs) to propose a secure routing protocol in mobile ad hoc network. The proposed method is based on secure ad hoc on‐demand distance vector (SAODV), which is named FPN‐SAODV. In FPN‐SAODV routing protocol, for each packet delivery or firing each transition, a type of bidirectional node‐to‐node fuzzy security verification is conducted that can be carried out with five security threshold levels. This inference uses four fuzzy variables that have been selected to well represent the malicious behaviors of some public attacks in mobile ad hoc network. Furthermore, a through route security verification has been used for selecting the most secure route among each candidate path through source node to destination. Both of these verifications utilize FPN inherent features for their operation. For evaluation purpose, we used the metrics such as packet delivery ratio, end‐to‐end delay, average security level of the nodes, and percentage of true/false detector nodes. These metrics have been used for investigating the inner operation of FPN‐SAODV as determining the proper level of security threshold level in node‐to‐node security verification module. Also, these are used for comparison of FPN‐SAODV performance versus the original AODV. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The Trusted Two-dimensional Code System based on Certificate-based Signature Scheme

With the high capacity, fast recognition speed, as well as strong correction ability, two-dimensionalcode is widely used in many fields such as e-commerce. However, how to guarantee the authenticityof two-dimensional code becomes an urgent security demand. In this paper, we design and implementan authentic two-dimensional code system based on certificate-based signature scheme (CBS).The system includes trusted center module, authentic two-dimensional code generation module, andauthentic two-dimensional code verification module. The trusted center is in charge of initializingsystem parameters and issuing certificates. Two-dimensional code generation module achieves secretkey reading from USBKey and two-dimensional code generation functions. Two-dimensional codeverification module is responsible for two-dimensional code scanning and CBS signature verification.Bilinear pairing is adopted to implement the CBS algorithms. The web interface is built withJavaScript. Further productization of the prototype system will play an important role in promotingsecure application of two-dimensional code.

A System for Graphic Personalisation of Cards and Paper Sheets

The article presents the structure and operation of the developed system for graphic personalisation of cards and paper sheets. The system is responsible for the input of unique graphics in the form of prints corresponding with suitable data recorded in the memory of a microprocessor. In the verification process, an electronic record is compared with alphanumerical information, and the conformity of digital graphics with the print is checked. The system was used in the construction of a process line for producing RFID-secured documents. The system has a modular structure and is composed of two modules responsible for the prints and automatic verification of graphic personalisation. The printing module enables the application of the print in the form of alphanumerical signs or unique graphic symbols and a barcode, which is conducted according to the structure of the database from which information on personalisation is obtained. The verification module compares the electronic record from the microprocessor with alphanumerical information and checks whether digital graphics agree with the print. Printing is performed using an inkjet printhead, whereas for the verification process, a digital line scan camera is applied. Mechatronic positioning systems enable the printhead and camera shift freely along the print and inspection area and allow changes in positioning speed parameters.

The Status and Challenges of Multi-Processor System-on-Chip’s Formal Verification

With the continuous advancement of processor manufacturing process as well as the exposed limitations of single-core Processors, Multi-Processor System-on-Chip (MPSoC) has become the inevitable outcome of the technological development and practical application needs. It is used to meet the requirements of multitasking, multifunctional and high performance computing. With the improvement of chip complexity, verification module also increases exponentially. Verification of MPSoC is becoming Bottleneck in the process of chip’s design. So this paper first introduces the origin of MPSoC, and analyzes developing tendency of its verification. And then, the theory and main challenges to the formal verification of MPSoC are discussed. This paper will provide support for building the verified theory method and technology that can meet the demand of MPSoC design, and Developing MPSoC high-level architecture design verification technology.

TU‐C‐17A‐03: An Integrated Contour Evaluation Software Tool Using Supervised Pattern Recognition for Radiotheray

Purpose:Radiotherapy (RT) contours delineated either manually or semiautomatically require verification before clinical usage. Manual evaluation is very time consuming. A new integrated software tool using supervised pattern contour recognition was thus developed to facilitate this process.Methods:The contouring tool was developed using an object‐oriented programming language C# and application programming interfaces, e.g. visualization toolkit (VTK). The C# language served as the tool design basis. The Accord.Net scientific computing libraries were utilized for the required statistical data processing and pattern recognition, while the VTK was used to build and render 3‐D mesh models from critical RT structures in real‐time and 360° visualization. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used for system self‐updating geometry variations of normal structures based on physician‐approved RT contours as a training dataset. The inhouse design of supervised PCA‐based contour recognition method was used for automatically evaluating contour normality/abnormality. The function for reporting the contour evaluation results was implemented by using C# and Windows Form Designer.Results:The software input was RT simulation images and RT structures from commercial clinical treatment planning systems. Several abilities were demonstrated: automatic assessment of RT contours, file loading/saving of various modality medical images and RT contours, and generation/visualization of 3‐D images and anatomical models. Moreover, it supported the 360° rendering of the RT structures in a multi‐slice view, which allows physicians to visually check and edit abnormally contoured structures.Conclusion:This new software integrates the supervised learning framework with image processing and graphical visualization modules for RT contour verification. This tool has great potential for facilitating treatment planning with the assistance of an automatic contour evaluation module in avoiding unnecessary manual verification for physicians/dosimetrists. In addition, its nature as a compact and stand‐alone tool allows for future extensibility to include additional functions for physicians’ clinical needs.

Configuration Tool for ARINC 653 Operating Systems

ARINC 653 Specification defines a standardized interface of real-time operating systems and an Application Executive (APEX) to develop the reliable applications for avionics based on Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA). The requirements of system platform based on ARINC 653 Standard are defined as configuration data and are integrated to the XML configuration file(s) in the real-time operating system. Unfortunately, existing configuration tools for integrating requirements do not provide checking the syntax errors of XML and verifying the integrity of input data for partitioning. This paper presents a configuration tool for ARINC 653 OS that consist of Wizard module which generates the basic configuration data for IMA based on XML Scheme of ARINC 653 Standard, XML and Partition Editor for the partitioning system of IMA, and Verification module which checks the integrity of input data and XML syntax with its visualization.

An efficient approach to reduce alerts generated by multiple IDS products

SUMMARYIntrusion detection systems (IDSs) often trigger a huge number of unnecessary alerts. Managing the overwhelming number of alerts, especially from multiple IDS products, is a concern to every security analyst. Analyzing and evaluating these alerts is a difficult task that frustrates the effort of analysts. In fact, true alerts are usually buried under heaps of false alerts. We have identified several research gaps in the existing alert management approaches that need to be addressed, especially when handling alerts from different IDS products. In this work, we present an efficient alert management approach that reduces the unnecessary alerts produced by different IDS products using two main modules: an enhanced alert verification module that validates alerts with vulnerability assessment data; and an enhanced alert aggregator module that reduces redundant alerts and presents them in the form of meta alerts. Finally, we have carried out experiments in our test bed and recorded impressive results in terms of high accuracy and low false positive rate for multiple IDS products. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Multi-agent Intelligent Distance Learning System

We consider an approach for constructing the security policy verification system intended for detection and resolution of conflicts in computer network security policy specifications. The architecture of the security policy verification system suggested is considered. The models of two verification modules are proposed. The first one is based on proof theory, namely Event Calculus, and uses abductive reasoning. The second module uses model checking technique. The current implementation of the security policy verification system is described.

Implementation of Palm Print Biometric Identification System Using Ordinal Measures

Personal identification is one of the most important requirements in all e-commerce and criminal detection applications. In this framework, a novel palm print representation method, namely orthogonal line ordinal features, is proposed. The palm print registration, feature extraction, palm print verification and palm print recognition modules are designed to manage the palm prints and the palm print database module is designed to store their palm prints and the person details in the database. The feature extraction module is proposed to extract the ordinal measurements for the palm prints. The verification module is designed to verify the palm print with the personal identification record. The recognition module is proposed to find out the relevant person associated with the palm print image. The proposed palm print recognition scheme uses the intensity and brightness to measure the ordinal measurement. The ordinal measures are estimated for the 4 x 4 regions of the palm print images.

Process of Assembling Component Based on Domain Ontology

This paper introduced the related knowledge of domain ontology, analyzed the present situation of assembling component and the steps, and gave out a new assembly process of Domain Ontology Based Assembling Process (DOBAP). In addition, it introduced the overall framework of the system. In addition, System component classification engine based on domain ontology, component matching retrieval and component interface matching verification module are explained in detail. What’s more, traditional component retrieval and matching algorithm of domain ontology based on domain ontology is also improved.

MEM-DnP—A Novel Energy Efficient Approach for Memory Integrity Detection and Protection in Embedded Systems

The pervasiveness of modern day embedded systems has led to the storing of huge amounts of sensitive information in them. These embedded devices often have to operate under insecure environments and are hence susceptible to software and physical attacks. Thus, security has been and will remain one of the prime concerns in the embedded systems. Although a lot of hardware and software techniques have been proposed to provide high levels of security, they are hampered by the trade-offs created by the design constraints in embedded systems. This paper presents a novel energy efficient approach for MEMory integrity Detection and Protection (MEM-DnP). The key feature of the proposed MEM-DnP is that it can be adaptively tuned to a memory integrity verification module by using a sensor module. This significantly reduces the energy overheads imposed on an embedded system as compared to the conventional memory integrity verification mechanisms. The simulation results show that the average energy saved in the combined detection and protection mechanism ranges from 85.5 % to 99.998 %. This is substantially higher compared to the results achieved in basecase simulations with traditional memory integrity verification techniques.

Identifying Rhodamine Dye Plume Sources in Near-Shore Oceanic Environments by Integration of Chemical and Visual Sensors

This article presents a strategy for identifying the source location of a chemical plume in near-shore oceanic environments where the plume is developed under the influence of turbulence, tides and waves. This strategy includes two modules: source declaration (or identification) and source verification embedded in a subsumption architecture. Algorithms for source identification are derived from the moth-inspired plume tracing strategies based on a chemical sensor. The in-water test missions, conducted in November 2002 at San Clemente Island (California, USA) in June 2003 in Duck (North Carolina, USA) and in October 2010 at Dalian Bay (China), successfully identified the source locations after autonomous underwater vehicles tracked the rhodamine dye plumes with a significant meander over 100 meters. The objective of the verification module is to verify the declared plume source using a visual sensor. Because images taken in near shore oceanic environments are very vague and colors in the images are not well-defined, we adopt a fuzzy color extractor to segment the color components and recognize the chemical plume and its source by measuring color similarity. The source verification module is tested by images taken during the CPT missions.

A Fingerprint-based Authentication Framework for ATM Machines

A Fingerprint-based Authentication Framework for ATM Machines The security of the transactions on the Automated Teller Machine (ATM) has been raising many concerns in some parts of the world. These concerns are due to series of limitations in the existing designs of the various service points. The current use of Personal Identification Number (PIN) for ATM user’s verification and identification has been susceptible to unauthorized access, misplacement, forgetfulness, card swallowing among others; thereby narrowing down the machine’s acceptability and patronage. In this paper, a framework for fingerprint authenticated ATM application is presented. The framework comprises of modules for fingerprint enrolment, database and verification. The verification module comprises of fingerprint enhancement, feature extraction and matching sub-modules, which all rely on suitable mathematical models to function. There is also platform for financial transaction including withdrawal and balance enquiries. The implementation was carried out using Windows 7 as operational platform while C# and Microsoft SQL server served as the frontend and backend engines respectively. Tests conducted on the evaluation of the application using False Rejection Rate (FRR), False Acceptance Rate (FAR) and Average Matching Time (AMT) show the adequacy and the suitability of the proposed framework for ATM user verification and authentication.

MULTIPLE-MODEL BASED UPDATE OF BELGIAN REFERENCE ROAD DATA

Abstract. This paper describes a semi-automatic system for road update based on high resolution orthophotos and 3D surface models. Potential update regions are identified by an object-wise verification of all existing database records, followed by a scene-wide detection of redevelopment regions. The proposed system combines several road detection and road verification approaches from current literature to form a more general solution. Each road detection / verification approach is realized as an independent module representing a unique road model combined with a corresponding processing strategy. The object-wise verification result of each module is formulated as a binary decision between the classes "correct road" and "incorrect road". These individual decisions are combined by Dempster-Shafer fusion, which provides tools for dealing with uncertain and incomplete knowledge about the statistical properties of the data. For each road detection / verification module a confidence function for the result is introduced that reflects the degree of correspondence of an actual test situation with an optimal situation according to the underlying road model of that module. Experimental results achieved with data from the national Belgian road database in a test site of about 134 km2 demonstrate the potential of the method.

MULTIPLE-MODEL BASED VERIFICATION OF ROAD DATA

Abstract. This paper describes a semi-automatic system for road verification based on high resolution imagery and 3D surface models. Potential update regions are identified by an object-wise verification of all existing database records. The proposed system combines several road detection and road verification approaches from current literature to form a more general solution. Each road detection / verification approach is realized as an independent module representing a unique road model combined with a corresponding processing strategy. The object-wise verification result of each module is formulated as a binary decision between the classes "correct road" and "incorrect road". These individual decisions are combined by Dempster-Shafer fusion, which provides tools for dealing with uncertain and incomplete knowledge about the statistical properties of the data. For each road detection / verification module a confidence function for the result is introduced that reflects the degree of correspondence of an actual test situation with an optimal situation according to the underlying road model of that module. A comparison with results from an EuroSDR test on road extraction demonstrate the strengths and limitations of the method.

The Research and Design of 915MHz Radio Frequency Reader Based on FPGA

Based on ISO/IEC 18000-6 Type B protocol, 915MHz RFID reader has been designed. FPGA is used to process the digital signal that is based on the protocol and C8051F020 is used as the controller. Each module in FPGA and verification module is designed by Verilog HDL. They are synthesized by Quartus II with EP1C6Q240C8 CMOS chip of the Altera as the target device, and they are verified on both timing and function. The result shows that it could satisfy the technology index of ISO/IEC18000-6 Type B requests and possess the advantages of flexible structure, small size and easily upgrading, etc.

A Ground-Based Validation System of Teleoperation for a Space Robot

Teleoperation of space robots is very important for future on-orbit service. In order to assure the task is accomplished successfully, ground experiments are required to verify the function and validity of the teleoperation system before a space robot is launched. In this paper, a ground-based validation subsystem is developed as a part of a teleoperation system. The subsystem is mainly composed of four parts: the input verification module, the onboard verification module, the dynamic and image workstation, and the communication simulator. The input verification module, consisting of hardware and software of the master, is used to verify the input ability. The onboard verification module, consisting of the same hardware and software as the onboard processor, is used to verify the processor's computing ability and execution schedule. In addition, the dynamic and image workstation calculates the dynamic response of the space robot and target, and generates emulated camera images, including the hand-eye cameras, global-vision camera and rendezvous camera. The communication simulator provides fidelity communication conditions, i.e., time delays and communication bandwidth. Lastly, we integrated a teleoperation system and conducted many experiments on the system. Experiment results show that the ground system is very useful for verified teleoperation technology.