Vegetable Oil Soybean Research Articles

Well-to-Tank environmental analysis of a renewable diesel fuel from vegetable oil through co-processing in a hydrotreatment unit

A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) study of HidroBioDiésel (HBD) was carried out. This partly renewable diesel fuel is obtained from the co-processing of soybean vegetable oil with conventional fossil fuel in hydrotreating facilities of crude oil refineries. The environmental profile of HBD was assessed for the fossil energy use and climate change impact categories. The production systems of equivalent fuels -blends of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME, a biofuel obtained by means of transesterification of vegetable oil) and mineral diesel with sulphur content below 10 ppm were also assessed for comparison purposes. The environmental performance of HBD systems compares favourably to those of FAME and diesel blends for the selected impact categories. The estimated environmental benefits of HBD (assuming a 13% renewable blend) include reductions of up to 2% in fossil energy use and 9% in climate change impacts.

Synthesis of new polyurethanes from vegetable oil by thiol-ene coupling

Soybean vegetable oil was functionalized in a single step by addition of mercaptan with hydroxyl functions by thermal thiol-ene coupling. The synthesized biobased polyol was analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance, titrations, size exclusion chromatography, and mass analyses to precisely determine its average functionality, thus allowing the use of the mixture of products without purification. This polyol was added to a prepolymer of 4, 4’-diisocyanate diphenylmethylene (MDI) with a ratio OH/NCO of 1, to synthesize partially bio-based polyurethane by step growth polymerization. The synthesized polyurethane was compared to polyurethane obtained from a commercial polyether polyol polyester, named desmophen 1150. Mixtures of these polyols were made to optimize the properties of the materials obtained. Polymerization was monitored by rheology. Polyurethanes were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, shore hardness, and tensile tests at different temperatures to determine their thermal and mechanical properties. Different materials present the characteristics of soft and ductile elastomers with thermal stability of polyurethanes.

Flow Blurring Atomization for Low-Emission Combustion of Liquid Biofuels

In this study, clean combustion of straight vegetable oil (VO) is achieved by utilizing a novel flow blurring (FB) fuel injector with superior atomization characteristics. Experiments are conducted in an atmospheric pressure combustor using three different fuels: straight VO, which is fully-refined soybean oil, biodiesel produced from soybean VO, and No. 2 diesel. Combustion performance is assessed by comparing flame images, emissions profiles at the combustor exit plane, and pressure drop in fuel and atomizing air lines. Results show that the FB atomizer can create clean burning spray flames of straight VO without preprocessing and/or preheating. The FB injector produces sprays with smaller diameter fuel droplets to promote combustion in the premixed mode. All fuels resulted in similar CO emissions, while biodiesel flames had the lowest NOX emissions. Pressure drop in the fuel and atomizing air lines was independent of the fuel.

Avaliação Termoanalítica do Isobutirato Acetato de Sacarose como Antioxidante em Biodiesel.

This study aimed to evaluate the sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) as an antioxidant in ethyl biodiesel sample obtained from crude soybean vegetable oil at 0, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 ppm concentrations, by thermal analysis, to know if the SAIB could be suitable as an antioxidant in biodiesel. Initially, the physicochemical properties of both soybean vegetable oil and the biodiesel were evaluated by 1 H NMR which showed that the samples were within normal limits recommended by ANVISA and ANP, respectively. The SAIB has been tested by TG/DTG/DTA, where the results demonstrated that the antioxidant presented significant thermal resistance and the best dosage of SAIB to protect the biodiesel sample tested was 5000 ppm. Although the results has been satisfactory, researches of oxidative resistance must to be carried out to improve the knowledge about the SAIB behavior as antioxidant in the biodiesel.

Determinação da matéria-prima utilizada na produção do biodiesel adicionado ao diesel mineral através de monitoramento seletivo de íons

The selective ion monitoring acquisition mode in mass spectrometry was applied to identify, in the diesel complex matrix, the raw materials (vegetable oil and alcohol) that originate biodiesel. Biodiesel samples obtained from babassu, castor, palm and soybean vegetable oils and pure fatty acid methyl and ethyl esters were used to develop this method, using specific fragments in mass spectrometry and the window system in gas chromatography. The commercial Brazilian B2 samples were found to be produced with soybean oil, transesterified with methanol.

Evaluation of the thermal diffusivity of vegetable oils during frying by Thermal Lens Spectrometry

In this work we report on the use of the Thermal Lens method to verify the evolution of the thermal diffusivity of sunflower and soybean vegetable oils utilized in preparation of twenty five snacks portions. Our results show that the thermal diffusivity for sunflower oil does not change between 1 and 25 portions of fried snacks. By another hand, the soybean thermal diffusivity exhibits a little decrease for higher portion of fried snacks, indicating that for this oil the triglyceride level is reduced as a degradation process.