Vegetable Corn Research Articles

Findings from a Three-year Crop Nutrient Study with Four Vegetable Crops in Dade Country, Florida

A 3-year replicated fertility trial with four vegetable crops was begun in the 1993–94 season to: a) determine crop nutrient requirements for four vegetable crops (bush bean, malanga (Xanthosoma caracu), potato, and sweet corn, and b) to develop and calibrate a soil testing procedure for the local calcareous soils. Soils were found to test medium to high for both phosphorus and potassium. Responses to nitrogen varied by crop. Specific results and follow up trials with growers will be discussed.

Field Evaluation of Insecticides for Asian Corn Borer on Vegetable Corn, Pangasinan, Philippines, 1980

Abstract Five trials on farmers’ fields evaluated 33 insecticides on vegetable corn for Asian corn borer in early monsoon season in Pao village, Manaoag municipality, Pangasinan province, Philippines. The 75-day corn variety precedes puddled rice. Corn (2-4 seeds/hill; 50-cm between hills) was planted by hand in furrows 1-m wide and received 60 kg N|/ha. The trial fields were planted 1-2 months later than the surrounding farmers’ fields in order to obtain high corn borer populations. Ridomil applied as a seed treatment (2 g ai/kg seed) ensured protection against downy mildew Sclerosporaphilippinensis Weston which normally infects late plantings. Sprays were applied 4 times in 650 l/ha spray volume by a manually operated 19-1 knapsack sprayer with a fan jet nozzle. Azodrin served as a check in each trial. Granulars were applied once by hand in the whorls. Plot size was 100 m2 in a randomized complete block design replicated 4 times. Rainfall was 522 mm, RH averaged 85%, and the mean daily maximum and minimum temperatures were 32° and 24°C, respectively, from 20 days after crop emergence to harvest. At harvest 50 plants/plot were examined and cut open to record the number of corn borer tunnels and larvae + pupae (inside and outside the stems). Yield was based on 25 m2 . Ears were sorted by length to select those which were marketable (> 10 cm). Insect damaged ears are marketable to local consumers.

Field Evaluation of Insecticides for Asian Corn Borer on Vegetable Corn, Pangasinan, Philippines, 1979

Abstract Early maturing corn (55 days) is grown with the onset of the monsoon rainy season as a cash crop by small-scale farmers before puddled rice. Corn borer infestations begin as early as 21 days after crop emergence (DE), thus insecticide sprays were applied on 21, 31, and 41 DE and granulars were applied once by hand in the whorl on 21 DE. Five trials on farmers' fields evaluated 31 insecticides. Azodrin was included in each trial for comparison. Insecticides were applied at 1.0 kg ai/ha to 4 replicated plots (50 sq m) by a manually operated, 19-1 knapsack sprayer with a fan jet nozzle in a randomized complete block design. Spray volume averaged 650 l/ha. Corn (2-4 seeds/hill, 50-cm between hills) was planted by hand in furrows 1-m wide and received no fertilizer application. Rainfall was 37 mm (Apr), 305 mm (May), and 144 mm (June); RH averaged 77%; and the mean daily maximum and minimum temperatures were 35° and 23 ° C, respectively, during the crop period. At harvest 25 plants/plot were examined and cut open to record the number of corn borer cavities and larvae (inside and outside the stems). Yield was based on 20-sq m. The ears were sorted by length to select those which were marketable (10 cm). Insect damaged ears are marketable to the local consumers.

Insecticides as Seed Treatments for Seed Corn Maggot Control on Vegetables, 1976

Abstract Both species of seed maggots infest germinating seeds of large-seeded vegetable crops and corn in New York. While the seed corn maggot predominates, both species can severely injure germinating seeds particularly when soils are cool and wet. For this test conducted at Agway Farm Research Center, Fabius, New York, seeds of ‘Provider Greenbush’ snap beans, large lima ‘Fordhook 242’ beans, field dry bean ‘Dark Seeded Red Kidney’ and field corn ‘Pioneer 3334S’ were treated with insecticide or insecticide, fungicide dust HB treatments with the exception of a slurry seed treatment with Dursban + captan. For small plot testing, 100 seeds per treatment were treated on June 17, 1976, using a randomized block design and 3 replications; plot size was 12 x 20 ft using 4 rows per plot, 1 row for each seed variety tested. In the field we use lima beans as the major test crop since they are severely damaged when ovipositional bait is used. Pioneer 3334S was selected as a test crop since this variety in previous studies appeared susceptible to maggot attack.

‘Hawaiian Super-sweet #9’ Corn1

Abstract ‘Hawaiian Super-sweet #9’ is a high-sucrose vegetable corn cultivar bred for the tropics, based on the gene brittle-1. It is harvestable over a longer period than traditional sweet corns (sugary-1) and retains its quality much longer following harvest. It produces high yields on plants of a field corn appearance, with high lodging resistance, low ear position, and large seeds on well-covered ears.

‘Hawaiian Super-sweet #6’ Corn1

Abstract ‘Hawaiian Super-sweet #6’ is a high-sucrose, high-protein vegetable corn cultivar based on the gene, brittle-2. It is harvestable over a much longer period than sweet (sugary-1) corns, and has exceptional quality retention following harvest. When rehydrated following air- or freeze-drying, ‘Hawaiian Super-sweet #6’ makes a highly acceptable vegetable.

Effect of dietary fats on glucose tolerance and alloxan diabetes.

Effects of certain animal and vegetable fats, i.e. lard, butter, corn oil, coconut oil, cottonseed oil, margarine and Crisco, on glucose tolerance and on the toxic and diabetogenic action of alloxan have been investigated in experiments on rats. Experimental diets, containing 61.2% of the fats under test, were fed for 6, 7, 9 and 36 weeks and 14 months, respectively. In two long-term series, the hyperglycemia following glucose injection (1 gm/kg body weight, intraperitoneally) was more pronounced in groups fed margarine or Crisco diets than in animals receiving lard or butter diets. In the short-term series, the difference between these two groups of fats in the increase of blood sugar levels was not significant. The adverse effects of alloxan were also influenced by the type of fat in the diet; in one series both the incidence of diabetes and the mortality rate were higher in the corn oil group than in the butter- and coconut oil-fed groups; in another series only the mortality rate was affected.