Modern Vector Research Articles

Competition and perspectives of protein-carbon and specific inorganic ecosystems on Earth

The article presents in a parametric comparison the state and development of two ecosystems, one of which is based on carbonaceous life forms, and the second – on metalloid and metallic elements available on the planet and at the disposal of man. It is possible to come to a hypothetical assumption about possible competition between these systems within the selected parameters. Well-known studies unbiasedly confirm the possibilities for such competition. Our research is based on the ergatic «human-machine» system as one that contains two main elements of the ecosystems under study. The proposed parametric model, reflecting the main mutual competitive functions of man and «machine» – reduced power, conditional indicators of intelligence in the chronological aspect, made it possible to assess both their real and potential capabilities and draw conclusions about the prospects of these two conditional ecosystems. One of the conclusions of such studies was a non-trivial thesis about the possible intermediate state of man in the long-term evolutionary development of the mind on the planet. and that he is beginning to lose competition with the specific forms of the inorganic world he has created. The arguments are comparative data: life expectancy, the ability to irrational self-elimination, methods of reproduction, the ability to develop the mind and memory, the causes of environmental degradation and its impact on humans, changes in the motivation of human life, the programmed rejection of the natural protein-carbon environment in favor of an unnatural specialized inorganic world. Logic dictates that perhaps man is not the most ideal evolutionary creation in nature, because it is already becoming clear that in addition to carbon, but with the help of man, other forms of intelligence and consciousness are possible even on Earth itself. It is shown that specific forms of inorganic matter, with a vector of development towards artificial intelligence, are protected from the main disadvantage of humans – a short life cycle and the ability to self-destruct. The modern evolutionary vector is not its last stage, it is aimed at the development of specific forms of the inorganic world, which at a certain time will be capable of activity in parallel with man, but no less effective

Modern vectors of development of the country’s tax system: International experience

Modern vectors of development of the country’s tax system: International experience

The aspects of implementation of digital technologies under rendering of services in health care: The publications review

The article presents review summarizing contemporary National and foreign experience of implementing digital technologies under provision of services in health care. The systematic analysis of data from Scopus, eLibrary, PubMed and others electronic databases permitted to select 30 sources in Russian and English for 2016-2023. Modern digitization trends affect collaborations of companies where vectors of modernization become development of unified digital framework based on common state information system of health care; common educational platform for medical knowledge enriching by AI capabilities, through development of organizational activities and workflows based on digital technologies and services utilizing digital transformation. The deficiency of tools evaluating efficiency of reading software products and scalability of health digitization processes become problematic issues. As of today, diagnostic technologies using AI systems, technologies of lung cancer screening, examination methods of patients with post-traumatic deformations of cheekbone-orbital complex, monitoring of readings of devices with digital registration, further office consulting of various levels and application of AI in neurosurgery were described already. The article also considers issues of telemedicine consultations and development of modernized care models. The authors expect that digital ecosystem in development addressing issues of legal concept of management, financing and system of patient legal protection will do everything necessary to mitigate cyber incidents.

PROBLEMS OF CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES IN THE CONDITIONS OF RECONSTRUCTION AND RESTORATION USING UNIVERSAL MACHINES

The article considers modern landscape and development vectors in the field of reconstruction and restoration where universal machines are applied. As practical examples, two options are considered: the technology of superstructure of the attic floor superstructure with enlarged metal block sections and superstructure of the attic floor from lightweight aerated concrete blocks. The possibilities of using BIM and robotics in reconstruction and restoration are analyzed.

Training of highly qualified personnel for the agricultural sector of the economy in the conditions of modern transformations

Training of highly qualified personnel for the agricultural sector of the economy in the conditions of modern transformations The article conducts a scientific study of the essence of the "personnel" category, summarizes the normative and legal principles of defining the content of the concept of "highly qualified personnel", and reveals the potential benefits of the proposed comprehensive approach to modernizing the system of training highly qualified personnel for the agrarian sector of the economy in the conditions of modern transformations. The role and place of the agricultural sector in developing the national economy are revealed. The factors that determine the need to modernize are characterized by the strengthening of the influence of globalization processes, the acceleration of scientific and technical progress, climate change, and the aggravation of socio-economic problems in connection with the war. Modern vectors of development of scientific and technical progress in the context of Industry 4.0 and the justified need to implement the strategy of introducing innovations in the agricultural sector are highlighted. The experience of innovative activities of leading agricultural enterprises of the country was studied. The direct dependence of the effectiveness of the implementation of the innovative development strategy on the quality of personnel in the agricultural sector has been proven. A comprehensive approach to the modernization of the system of training highly qualified personnel for the agrarian sector of the economy as a holistic management system with the definition of its goals, principles, functions, methods, personnel support, organizational structures and other components is proposed. The applied use of the research results, which are significant, will contribute to the improvement of the training of highly qualified personnel for the agricultural sector in the conditions of modern transformations. Keywords: personnel, highly qualified personnel, agricultural sector, personnel training system, agricultural institutions of higher education, modern transformations.

Predecessor on the Ultra-Wide Word RAM

We consider the predecessor problem on the ultra-wide word RAM model of computation, which extends the word RAM model with ultrawords consisting of w2\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$w^2$$\\end{document} bits (TAMC, 2015). The model supports arithmetic and boolean operations on ultrawords, in addition to scattered memory operations that access or modify w (potentially non-contiguous) memory addresses simultaneously. The ultra-wide word RAM model captures (and idealizes) modern vector processor architectures. Our main result is a simple, linear space data structure that supports predecessor in constant time and updates in amortized, expected constant time. This improves the space of the previous constant time solution that uses space in the order of the size of the universe. Our result holds even in a weaker model where ultrawords consist of w1+ϵ\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$w^{1+\\epsilon }$$\\end{document} bits for any ϵ>0\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\epsilon > 0 $$\\end{document}. It is based on a new implementation of the classic x-fast trie data structure of Willard (Inform Process Lett 17(2):81–84, https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(83)90075-3, 1983) combined with a new dictionary data structure that supports fast parallel lookups.

Lagrange Points and the James Webb Space Telescope

This article guides the reader through Lagrange’s famous solution to the so-called “three-body problem” and shows its application to the recently launched James Webb Space Telescope. Lagrange’s original equations are presented in his original notation, supplemented by modern vector computations. The entire work is accomplished with mathematics typically taught at the college freshman and sophomore levels.

Економічний розвиток прибережних територій у контексті сталої «блакитної» економіки

The aim of the article is to study the conceptual foundations and global significance of the blue economy and provide recommendations for ensuring the economic development of the coastal areas of Ukraine in the context of the sustainable blue economy of the EU. The article examines the conceptual foundations of the blue economy and analyzes the global significance of its sustainable development in international declarations and legal documents. The main problems on which international attention in this area is focused are identified as follows: the complexity of approaches and methods for assessing the economic, social and environmental impacts of the blue economy on the development of coastal areas; defining a clear standard of regional and local governance necessary for the blue growth of territories; different degrees of institutional involvement of countries in the blue economy. With this in mind, the article proposes approaches to stimulating a sustainable blue economy in coastal areas. The article examines the regulatory framework of Ukraine and academic developments on the formation of the foundations of the domestic blue economy in recent years. It is emphasized that initiatives for a sustainable blue economy in Ukraine have appeared, first of all, at the local level, the stakeholders of which are local governments, technological business communities, representatives of academia and higher education, innovation clusters and civil society organizations. The sustainable blue economy reflects the process of coastal and maritime governance through debatable and substantive regionalization, in which new partnerships between public and private sector actors build networks, boundaries, and management methods. Of course, today we are talking about the unoccupied sea and coastal spaces of Ukraine, so we have outlined the challenges that our country faces in this area in the current conditions. In the context of the European integration movement, taking into account the legal conditions of martial law and post-war expectations, we see the vectors of modernization of the economic development of the coastal areas of Ukraine as follows: the development of a transparent framework policy for the development of a sustainable blue economy in Ukraine; institutional and innovative approach to coastal developmental management; economic development and security; local approach; stimulating the innovation ecosystem; inclusive blue economy; digital technologies in support of coastal development initiatives; ensuring the protection and restoration of the coastal and maritime environment; use of the cultural and historical heritage of coastal regions; proper democratic governance.

Особливості урбаністики в умовах цифрової економіки

This work focuses on the study of the features of modern urbanism, the development of «smart cities» in the context of the formation of the digital economy. With this in mind, special attention is paid to the development of digital tools – as one of the driving forces of the modern digital economy – and the possibility of its effective use for the development of modern urbanism. The purpose of the presented work is to determine the features of modern urbanism in the context of the formation of the digital economy and possible vectors of its further development. The main methods of research are: methods of analysis and synthesis – to determine the features of urbanism and the characteristics of its elements, which directly depend on the conditions of the digital economy; methods of induction and deduction – to determine the modern vector of urban development and the formation of the digital economy; comparison methods – to describe the elements of urbanism that depend on the current conditions of the digital economy; tabular and graphical methods – for visual display of the results of the presented research. The main results of the research include the following conclusions: digital technologies allow the development of the conception of «smart city», where sensors, the Internet of Things, data analytics and artificial intelligence are used to optimize the management of urban resources, reduce energy consumption, improve the transport system, ensure safety and improve the quality of life of residents; government agencies can use digital technologies to improve the operation of city services and units, provide online services to citizens, e-governance, and ensure openness and transparency in city governance; large amounts of data collected from sensors, mobile apps, public systems, and other sources allow for detailed analysis of the urban environment. The digital economy creates new opportunities for public engagement in urbanization processes. Mobile apps, online platforms and social networks allow city residents to take an active part in decision-making on the development of their city, express their needs and opinions.

Geography of population migration of the Southern Federal District

The article, based on state statistics, conducted a study of the transformation of geography and trends in the development of migration of the population of the Southern Federal District. Using an interdisciplinary integrated approach, an analysis of migration flows, their directions, scale and intensity was carried out, the geography of migrations of the most migratoryly attractive subject of the district - Krasnodar Territory - was determined, and mapping of migration indicators was carried out using modern information technologies for studying space and visualization.It is shown that, despite the decrease in migration turnover due to the coronavirus pandemic, the long- term trend of positive migration dynamics in the Southern Federal District has remained, and in terms of the intensity of net migration in 2021, the macroregion took first place among all Russian districts.There have been no major changes in the geography of incoming and outgoing migration flows. Intra- Russian migration is characterized by a migration outflow of the population to the Central and Northwestern federal districts, and migrants from all other districts, but most of all from Siberia and the Far East, come to the southern macroregion. The main flows of international migrants come from citizens of the CIS countries, primarily from Ukraine, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Azerbaijan.A comparative analysis of the migration movement of the subjects of the Southern Federal District showed that in the macroregion Krasnodar Territory ranks first in terms of the volume and effectiveness of migration, and in terms of the intensity of migration movement, it exceeds the Russian average. To date, the steady trend of positive dynamics in the migration balance that has developed in Kuban since the middle of the last century has been preserved. However, there has been a significant decline in net migration. The main modern vector of intra-Russian migration flows is movement to Kuban from the northern regions of Russia, Siberia and the Far East. Most international migrants arrived in the Krasnodar region from CIS countries. During the study period, the main suppliers of cross-border migrants were Ukraine, Armenia and Kazakhstan.

Аdvertisement of European multiculturalism and its impact on interfaith relations in Ukraine

The article proposes a study of state-church and inter-religious relations in Ukraine during the period of independence in the context of political processes in modern Europe. The modern vectors of state policy in the sphere of religion and freedom of conscience are revealed. The insult in interfaith relations is largely caused by the ill-conceived and inconsistent policy of the government in this area. It has been established that the current political situation in Ukraine indicates a deep crisis in relations in many spheres of social life. Russia's open aggression caused a new wave of aggravation of national self-identification and the church vector in Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to highlight the problem of the political and spiritual influence of Europe on modern Orthodoxy in Ukraine, which is in a state of division into different jurisdictions. It has been proven that the unification of the divided branches of Ukrainian Orthodoxy will contribute to the consolidation of Ukrainian society, especially in conditions of open war. The formation of the United Church should take place on the basis of a constructive dialogue between the authorities, denominations and society.
 The research shows that the branches of the divided Ukrainian Orthodoxy are under the active political influence of the geopolitical confrontation of the European scale. Advertising and promotion of multiculturalism and polytheism, which are characteristic of the countries of Western Europe, require corresponding freedom of religion and the presence of a multi-religious component in Ukraine, which openly demonstrates the chosen vector of European integration.
 On the other hand, it was established that the status of the United Independent Church affects issues of national security, international recognition, geopolitical influence, consolidation of Ukrainian society, unification of self-identification of Ukrainian citizens and is an important conflict-causing factor. Therefore, the issue of establishing the United Independent Ukrainian Church remains topical today.

PROBLEMS OF REGULATING ECO-POSITIVE CHANGES IN SMART CITY FORMATION PROCESSES

Architects, scientists of the Kharkiv National University of Urban Economy. O.M. Beketov conducts research focused on writing the terms of reference for the "Software package for modeling the city as a dynamic system". This development is devoted to the problem of improving SMART-oriented software and analytical tools based on working with large data arrays (BIG DATA) in architectural and urban planning management. The purpose of this toolkit is prognostics and monitoring of the architectural component of the city as a dynamic system. The relevance of its implementation lies in the optimization of the principles of functioning of the architectural component of the city with the calculation of its impact on the processes of functioning of other urban subsystems.
 As a development and improvement of this direction, a method for determining the optimal speed and acceleration of positive transformations of the architectural component of cities, based on the indicator "Ecological footprint of architecture", which is currently being developed, is proposed. It is a method of developing step-by-step strategies for the development of the architectural component of cities. The main problem is to determine the optimal pace of social, environmental and economic changes in the processes of achieving a sustainable state of the city. Too rapid changes will inevitably lead to an aggravation of the socio-economic crisis. Slow change has a negative impact on the sustainability and ecology of the region. For this reason, in this article, the authors have developed a concept for the formation of an indicator that determines the vector, speed and acceleration of modernization of the architectural component of the city. As a factor limiting the rate of change to a socially acceptable level, the indicator of "Sustainable accessibility of vital goods for the population" was chosen.

Ultrasound diagnosis of the carotid webs. Literature review and a clinical case using modern vector analysis technology

Carotid wed (CW) is a rare pathology representing intimal protrusion in the bifurcation of the common carotid or sinus of internal carotid arteries, associated with embolic cryptogenic stroke and high risk of its recurrence despite ongoing antiplatelet therapy. Therefore, accurate and timely diagnosis of this pathology is of utmost importance. Ultrasound is a first-line method, but currently only a few reports are devoted to the ultrasound description of CW, which often leads to missed or misdiagnosis of the disease. This paper describes a case of clinically asymptomatic CW and summarizes the literature data on the ultrasound characteristics of this pathology.

FL-CTIF: A federated learning based CTI framework based on information fusion for secure IIoT

Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) are evolving and transitioning into virtual entities supported by digital twin technology to optimize existing processes further and improve their efficiency. The virtual representation of the several IIoT departments, such as manufacturing process, packaging, warehousing, and logistics enables predictive maintenance for optimizing local material resources for manufacturing and packaging, improved warehouse space allocation, and delivery schedule optimization. The high volume of data generated from IoT devices are exposed to cyber-attacks using modern attack vectors and thus threaten both physical IIoT environment and its digital twins. Existing intrusion detection systems focus on identifying anomalous traffic using obsolete knowledge of cyber-attack patterns for several attacks, such as ARP poisoning man-in-the-middle attacks, SSL-based attacks using encrypted traffic, and DNS flood-based DDoS traffic. A lack of focus on security using updated and comprehensive Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) threatens the security of the IIoT environment. In this paper, we present a Federated Learning based CTI framework based on Information Fusion (FL-CTIF) for securing IIoT environments. We design a comprehensive cyberattack dataset with updated feature selection using Information Fusion to improve the accuracy in identifying cyber-attacks. A federated learning-based ANN model is designed to reduce the model training rounds based on satisfaction level and measure the absence of improvement in each attack vector's average accuracy. The model is evaluated based on model aggregation performance and demonstrates an improved F1 score based on reduced training rounds and reduced CPU consumption. The federated learning model improves accuracy and reduces the false positive rate using the newly merged dataset compared to existing research.

Қазақстанның өркениеттiк даму перспективаларын философиялық тұрғыдан ұғыну контекстiндегi жалпыадамзаттық және ұлттық құндылықтар

Мақалада жалпыадамзаттық және ұлттық құндылықтар қоғамдық прогрестiң iргелi дүниетанымдық негiзi ретiнде қарастырылатын Қазақстанның өркениеттiк даму перспективаларына философиялық талдау ұсынылған. Өткеннiң рухани мұрасына көз жiберу арқылы және қазiргi қазақстандық философтардың философиялық iзденiстерiне тоқтала отырып, авторлар қазiргi қазақстандық қоғамның рухани жаңғыру векторын айқындайтын идеялардың терең гуманистiк мазмұнын ашуға тырысқан. Әлеуметтiк-гуманитарлық бiлiм өкiлдерiнiң негiзгi мiндетiне өркениеттiк дамудың басқа iргелi стратегиясын ұсына алатын, әлеуметтiк өзiн-өзi ұйымдастырудың жаңа әдiснамасын жасау, оныжүзеге асыруға мүмкiндiгiнше көп адамдардың белсендi саналы белсендiлiгiн ескеру жатады. Мемлекеттiң ұлттық саясатын ғылымның теориялық және әдiснамалық жетiстiктерiне сәйкестендiру қажеттiлiгi негiзделген. Жаһандық тұрақсыздық жағдайында дамудың идеологиялық және руханиадамгершiлiк бағдарларын iздеудiң маңыздылығы атап өтiлдi. Авторлар осы iзденiстегi iргелi бағыттардың бiрiн, атап айтқанда, жаңа әлеуметтiк институттардың қалыптасуы үшiн, Қазақстанхалқы ретiнде жаңа этномәдени бiрегейлiкке ие болу үшiн өз негiздерiн айқындауды көрсеттi Сонымен қатар Әбу Насыр әл-Фарабидiң қазiргi заманғы жалпыадамзаттық өркениеттiк дамудыңсұраныстары тұрғысынан да, сондай-ақ қазақстандық қоғамның әлеуметтiк жаңғырту процестерiнiң рухани-адамгершiлiк құрамдас бөлiгiн жаңартудың әдiснамалық негiздерiн iздеуi тұрғысынан да зормаңызы бар мұрасы қарастырылған. Қазақстандық философ Б. Қасеновтің шығармашылығы зерттелген, оның негiзiнде Қазақстандағы әлеуметтiк өзгерiстердiң, жаңа қазақстандық бiрегейлiк пен жаңа қазақстандық патриотизмнiң қалыптасуының негiзi ретiнде «намыс» ұғымы жатыр.

Legislative vectors of transformation of legal consciousness in modern conditions

The article examines some issues of the transformation of legal consciousness, which is connected with the characteristics of legislative foundations that influence the processes of formation, further development and establishment of legal consciousness, with the clarification of modern vectors of the development of legislation, which are able to influence not only the change of social relations, and to a large extent shape the stages of the development of legal consciousness, modify people’s ideas in the legal space. It was also established that, on the one hand, a rule of law can influence legal awareness, and on the other hand, the correct application of a rule of law, its correct understanding and legal assessment depend on the appropriate level of legal awareness of the subjects who apply it. The article analyzes some normative legal acts that can and can affect the transformation of legal consciousness. It is noted that the functional purpose of legal awareness is to regulate the behavior of subjects within the existing system of law and legislation, which thereby ensures its participation at all stages of the mechanism of legal regulation. In this regard, it was established that the transformation of legal awareness involves the activation of the functional role of legal awareness in society, where law-making activity is the main tool of legal awareness. Key words: social consciousness, legal consciousness, social relations, transformation, transformation of legal consciousness, legal system, legal system, normative legal act.

A review on larvicidal and repellent effects of Brassica nigra towards malaria mosquito

The efficacy of synthetic insecticides to control malaria vectors is compromised by increased mosquito resistance to insecticides.Furthermore, the use of inorganic insecticides raises serious environmental toxicity concerns. It is hoped that this review wouldincorporate plant-based control tools in modern malaria vector control at the community level. Therefore the use of syntheticinsecticides is the challenge faced for malaria vector control because of the resistance of mosquitoes and their toxicity to theenvironment. Medicinal plants used like Brassica nigra in traditional medicine are promising and largely unexplored sources for thedevelopment of potential new compounds particularly in plant-rich countries like Ethopia.

WAYS OF RETURN OF EDUCATIONAL MIGRANTS, MINIMIZING LOSSES OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND INNOVATIVE POTENTIAL AS A RESULT OF THE WAR

Wars cause a number of socio-economic changes in the usual position of countries that have both instant effects and long-term influence on them. These changes include educational migration problems, intellectual capital losses, and innovative potential. The purpose of the article is to determine the necessary conditions for the return of educational migrants, minimizing the losses of intellectual capital and innovation potential due to the influence of war on the basis of the experiences of different countries. Scientific publications were investigated for the realization of the goal, which discussed the importance of adapting national institutions to the needs of the injured society, the role of human capital in ensuring international competitiveness in the postwar period, and the importance Use of intellectual potential to restore countries. In the course of the study, it was outlined that the encouragement of educational migrants to return can occur by creating the conditions of application of knowledge gained in different cultural environments, in practice, through the quality development of government and support of private institutions. In addition, measures were identified for the systematic restructuring of national science relations with society, government, and business to ensure the maximum benefit on its part for the development of the post-war economy. Particular attention was paid to the importance of the reintegration of military persons into civilian life. Given the modern vector of development of the world economy, an analysis of ways of minimizing the loss of intellectual capital and preserving innovative potential was carried out, taking into account the experience of the Russian-Ukrainian war and the development of Military Tech. It was also to consider the role of supporting the internal intellectual property market to stimulate the return of entrepreneurs to the country and to leave it. The importance of instant response to socio-economic changes to minimize their impact on the country, in the long run, is emphasized.

Комплексное развитие экотуризма на особо охраняемых природных территориях России (На примере Забайкальского национального парка)

Introduction. In Russia, the integrated development of eco-tourism in protected areas is part of the strategic agenda. This paper attempts to examine whether the strategic agenda is expressed in the actual creation of conditions for ecotourism development in a particular national park (using Zabaikalsky National Park as an example). Materials and methods. Institutional, comparative-geographical, comparative-historical, statistical, cartographic methods were used in the study. Documents and materials of the Zabaikalsky National Park, expeditionary research data, GPS track data, information based on photo sharing services posted in the social network VK were used as an information database. Results. It was determined that the integrated development of ecotourism in protected areas in Russia entails a range of key measures encompassing legislative, regulatory, investment, organizational, economic, and informational aspects. The analytical framework for the study was developed, allowing to identify the current state, directions and prospects of the activities of the Zabaikalsky National Park in creating conditions for the development of ecotourism. Discussion. The identified changes in the functioning of the Zabaikalsky National Park demonstrate that ecotourism, as an environmentally acceptable form of economic activity in protected areas, is being successfully developed here on the basis of an integrated approach and using the relevant experience of the park. However, the park faces challenges in attracting private investment, ensuring infrastructure development and staffing, as well as monitoring recreational impacts. Conclusion. The research findings indicate that, in general, the Zabaikalsky National Park can serve as a specific example of successful implementation of contemporary ecotourism policies in protected areas. Resume. Our study shows that the process of involving Russian PAs in the development of ecotourism is a long-term process that requires additional research to summarize best practices and improve the quality of management of ecotourism projects in PAs. The results of this study can be useful in designing a set of measures for the development of ecotourism in protected areas of various categories. Summary. In this paper we present the results of studies of the integrated development of ecological tourism in protected areas in Russia as part of the implementation of state policy for promoting ecotourism development, using the Zabaikalsky National Park (ZNT) as an example. It has been established that the ecotourism development brings significant changes to the functioning of PAs. The key directions of the Russian approach to the integrated development of ecotourism in PAs are identified, including measures of legislative, regulatory, investment, organizational, economic, and informational nature. It’s shown that the dynamics of transformational changes in the Zabaikalsky National Park related to the creation of conditions for the ecotourism development, in terms of improving management, functional zoning, developing conceptual and design solutions, infrastructure development, financing, involving the local population, promoting the ecotourism product, confirms the modern vector of ecotourism development in PAs in Russia. The research findings indicate that, in general, the Zabaikalsky National Park can serve as a specific example of successful implementation of contemporary ecotourism policies in protected areas. However, the park has a weak position in terms of attracting private investment, providing infrastructure and personnel, and monitoring recreational impact. The results of this study can be useful in designing a set of measures for the development of ecotourism in protected areas of various categories.

DreamCoder: growing generalizable, interpretable knowledge with wake-sleep Bayesian program learning.

Expert problem-solving is driven by powerful languages for thinking about problems and their solutions. Acquiring expertise means learning these languages-systems of concepts, alongside the skills to use them. We present DreamCoder, a system that learns to solve problems by writing programs. It builds expertise by creating domain-specific programming languages for expressing domain concepts, together with neural networks to guide the search for programs within these languages. A 'wake-sleep' learning algorithm alternately extends the language with new symbolic abstractions and trains the neural network on imagined and replayed problems. DreamCoder solves both classic inductive programming tasks and creative tasks such as drawing pictures and building scenes. It rediscovers the basics of modern functional programming, vector algebra and classical physics, including Newton's and Coulomb's laws. Concepts are built compositionally from those learned earlier, yielding multilayered symbolic representations that are interpretable and transferrable to new tasks, while still growing scalably and flexibly with experience. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Cognitive artificial intelligence'.