Vaspin Levels Research Articles

Evaluation of seminal plasma levels of vaspin and visfatin in infertile males with elevated sperm DNA fragmentation index: a comparative study

BackgroundSperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) can significantly impact male fertility, especially in cases where there is a substantial level of DNA damage. We aimed in the current study to assess seminal plasma (SP) levels of vaspin and visfatin in infertile men with an elevated SDF index (SDFI ≥ 30%) compared to infertile males with a normal SDFI (SDFI < 30%).ResultsGroups with good and medium DNA integrity exhibited significantly higher total motile sperm count and sperm motility in comparison to the group with poor DNA integrity. Significant negative correlations were noticed between SDF index (SDFI) and numerous semen parameters. Similarly, a significant negative correlation was observed between SDFI and SP vaspin. On the other hand, a significant positive correlation was found between SDFI and abnormal forms percentage. A statistically significant negative correlation was identified SP vaspin with age (r = -0.305, P = 0.006) and infertility duration (r = -0.263, P = 0.019). Statistically significant negative correlation was also identified between SP visfatin and abnormal forms percentage (r = -0.239, P = 0.034). The receiver operating characterisitic curve for predicting poor DNA integrity (SDFI ≥ 30%) revealed fair discriminative power for SP vaspin, with a cutoff value of < 0.55 ng/ml. It demonstrated a sensitivity of 58.8% and a specificity of 64.5% (area under the cureve (AUC) 0.685, p = 0.008). Meanwhile, SP visfatin had little discriminative power (AUC 0.562, p = 0.408). Finally, the results of a linear regression analysis indicated that sperm motility and SP vaspin were significant independent predictors of poor DNA integrity (SDFI ≥ 30%). The analysis was done with a 95% confidence interval and showed upper and lower bounds of -0.302 and -0.623, and -1.362 and -16.101, p < 0.001, p = 0.021, respectively.ConclusionSP Level of vaspin had shown promise as potential biomarkers for sperm DNA integrity. However, vaspin appeared to have greater specificity than visfatin in this point. Future studies are required to validate these findings, evaluate the role of SP vaspin in maintaining sperm DNA integrity, and investigate the potential relationship between SP adipocytokines and other clinical-demographic variables.

The effect of hydrophilic statins on adiponectin, leptin, visfatin, and vaspin levels in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats.

Statins may affect glucose metabolism through adipokines. The aim of this study was to measure the effects of hydrophilic statins on the levels of several adipokines in diabetic rats. Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: healthy control, untreated diabetic, diabetic treated with pravastatin, and diabetic treated with rosuvastatin. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ. Thereafter, 20 mg/kg/day doses of either pravastatin or rosuvastatin were administered to the treated diabetic rats for 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the body weights, fasting blood glucose levels, serum insulin levels, and insulin resistance, as well as the serum adiponectin, leptin, visfatin, and vaspin levels, were measured. Fasting blood glucose and insulin resistance levels were significantly higher, whereas insulin levels and body weight were significantly lower in the untreated diabetic group than in the control group. Diabetes caused significant decreases in adiponectin, leptin, and vaspin levels but a significant increase in visfatin levels. Pravastatin treatment significantly increased body weight and decreased fasting blood glucose levels, whereas rosuvastatin decreased body weight but did not affect fasting blood glucose levels. Pravastatin caused significant increases in both adiponectin and vaspin levels. However, rosuvastatin did not affect the adiponectin level but caused a significant decrease in the vaspin levels. Both pravastatin and rosuvastatin treatments decreased the leptin and visfatin levels. In conclusion, pravastatin is more effective at improving fasting blood glucose levels and body weight in diabetic rats, probably by increasing adiponectin and vaspin levels.

Adipokines level in plasma, hypothalamus, ovaries, and adipose tissue of rat's polycystic ovary syndrome model

Research questionDo the levels of adipokines (adiponectin, apelin, chemerin and vaspin) in plasma, hypothalamus, ovaries, and periovarian adipose tissue differ during polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)? DesignThe PCOS was induced in rats by oral administration of nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor letrozole. To determine the plasma levels of adiponectin, apelin, chemerin, and vaspin we performed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. To assess the expression (gene and protein) and immunolocalization of these adipokines and their receptors, namely Adipor1 and Adipor2 for adiponectin; Aplnr for apelin; Ccrl2, Cmklr1, and Gpr1 for chemerin; and Grp78 for vaspin in the hypothalamus, ovaries, and periovarian adipose tissue we conducted by real-time PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry, respectively. ResultsWe noted that PCOS modulates the plasma levels of adipokines (decreased adiponectin, increased apelin, chemerin, and vaspin) and the expression of adipokines and their receptors in the hypothalamus, ovaries, and periovarian adipose tissue compared with healthy rats. ConclusionsThis study confirmed a strong relationship between PCOS and adipokines and suggest that adipokines may be a biomarker of PCOS.

The modulatory effect of oat on brain-derived neurotrophic factor, orexigenic neuropeptides, and dopaminergic signaling in obesity-induced rat model: a comparative study to orlistat.

Obesity is a non-communicable complex disease that is the fifth leading cause of death worldwide. According to a novel viewpoint, the brain plays a significant role in the central regulation of satiety and energy homeostasis. Because of its rich nutritional profile and versatile uses, oat (Avena sativa) is one of the most popular functional foods recommended by many nutritionists. The anti-obesity effect of oat was hypothesized, focusing on the brain as the target organ. In the current study, the interplay between brain biomarkers, obesity, and its related complications was evaluated in diet-induced obese rats for 25 weeks, in which 60 adult male white albino Wistar rats were divided into three control and seven treatment groups given oat extracts in a dose-dependent manner. Oat significantly improved obesity-related metabolic complications. In terms of brain function, oat significantly increased dopaminergic signaling, brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels, vaspin, irisin, and uncoupling protein-1 brain levels, while decreasing the expression of agouti-related peptide and neuropeptide Y (P-value < 0.05). The current study proposes oat supplementation as a new conceptual framework with numerous implications for hedonic and homeostatic mechanisms that control satiety. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

Possible Association Between Vaspin Serum Levels and C-Reactive Protein in Obese Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Objective To investigate the levels of vaspin and C-reactive protein in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and to assess their potential as diagnostic markers for the condition. Methods Ninety adult women were involved in the study, fifty of whom were obese women diagnosed with PCOS, while forty women served as healthy controls in an observational, case-control study. Blood samples were obtained from the participants, and all of them were questioned by the researcher. Vaspin and C-reactive protein serum levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay specialized kits. Results The study found a significant increase in vaspin and C-reactive protein serum levels in women in the PCOS group compared with controls, with P-values of &lt;0.000 and 0.006, respectively. Vaspin serum level showed an AUC of 0.835, indicating it is a very good diagnostic marker for PCOS, while C-reactive protein had an AUC of 0.635, making it a moderate diagnostic marker for PCOS. The study also found a significant correlation between vaspin (pg/ml) and C-reactive protein (mg/l) with a P-value of 0.006. Conclusion The study found a significant increase in vaspin (pg/ml) and C-reactive protein (mg/l) serum levels in females with PCOS compared to control groups, with a significant positive correlation between the two biomarkers in PCOS. This suggests that vaspin and C-reactive protein may serve as useful diagnostic markers for PCOS.

Progranulin and Vaspin as Potential Novel Markers in the Etiology of Type 1 Diabetes in Children.

Background and Objectives: Diabetes is a significant health problem, prompting the search for new therapeutic strategies. Recently, researchers have focused on identifying novel markers for the progression of this condition. It is well established that adipokines, such as progranulin and vaspin, play crucial roles in regulating lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Materials and Methods: This single-center cross-sectional study aimed to assess serum progranulin and vaspin levels in 80 children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and to examine their correlation with body mass index (BMI), glycated hemoglobin, and lipid profile. The cohort included 40 children newly diagnosed with diabetes, 40 children with long-term diabetes (20 well-controlled and 20 poorly controlled), and 14 non-diabetic children as a control group. Progranulin and vaspin levels were determined using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: There were no significant differences in the progranulin and vaspin concentrations in the studied groups (p = 0.246 and p = 0.095, respectively). No statistically significant differences were noted in the levels of both adipokines among boys and girls within the T1D, well-controlled T1D, and poorly controlled T1D groups. We did not find any differences in the progranulin and vaspin levels among all children with T1D and healthy controls when divided based on BMI percentiles. A negative correlation was observed between progranulin concentration and the age of children in the T1D, well-controlled T1D, and healthy groups. Furthermore, progranulin correlated negatively with BMI among children with T1D. In contrast, vaspin concentration correlated positively with age among healthy children. Conclusions: Our study provides novel insights into the status of progranulin and vaspin among pediatric participants with varying levels of type 1 diabetes control. However, further research involving larger patient cohorts and different stages of sexual maturation is warranted.

Serum Vitamin D and Vaspin Levels Among Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction and Their Association with Risk Factors.

The current study investigated and compared serum levels of vitamin D (VD) and vaspin in AMI patients and healthy subjects and correlated these biomarkers with other biochemical risk factors for AMI. The research was carried out at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) in Jeddah. Blood samples and additional information were gathered from 110 admitted AMI patients in the Intensive Coronary Care Unit (ICCU) (ages 40-65 years) and 50 adult, healthy volunteers whose BMI and age were similar to those of the patients. AMI patients had significantly lower vaspin (p < 0.001) and VD levels (p < 0.001) than the control group. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoproteincholesterol (LDL-C) levels were shown to be significantly different between AMI patients and controls. Among the AMI patients, 15 (13.6%) had deficient serum VD levels (≤20 ng/mL), 60 (54.5%) had insufficient levels (>20 - <30 ng/mL), and 35 (31.8%) had sufficient levels (≥30 ng/mL). In healthy subjects, VD levels were deficient in 4(8%), insufficient in 13 (26%), and sufficient in 33 (66%). VD insufficiency was more prevalent in AMI patients compared to the healthy group (54.5% vs 26%; p < 0.001). In AMI patients, serum vaspin was found to be related to age and HbA1c in the control group. VD did not show a significant correlation with any variable in AMI patients and healthy subjects. Serum vaspin (p = 0.89) and VD levels (p = 0.29) did not differ significantly between female and male control groups. Compared to the healthy group, AMI patients showed significantly lower vaspin and VD levels. Additionally, AMI patients had a higher prevalence of VD deficiency and insufficiency, suggesting its possible role in the occurrence of AMI.

Serum Chemerin, Vaspin, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Markers in Subclinical Hypothyroidism/Hyperthyroidism

Purpose: Subclinical thyroid diseases constitute the first stage of clinical thyroid, so it is important to investigate underlying mechanisms. Clinical studies have revealed changes in some adipokines concerning thyroid disorders. Relationship chemerin and vaspin adipokines with thyroid hormones are not clear. So, it was aimed to evaluate chemerin, vaspin, oxidative stress and inflammation markers in subclinical hypothyroidism/hyperthyroidism. Material and Methods: The study included 38 SubHyper, 31 SubHypo and 44 controls. Serum chemerin, vaspin, IL-10, CRP, and Ox-LDL were measured with ELISA, while TAS and TOS were spectrofometric method. Results: Serum chemerin were higher in SubHypo, while lower in SubHyper compared to controls. Vaspin levels of subclinical thyroid patients were lower than controls. IL-10 were lower in SubHyper; CRP were higher in both patient groups than controls. TAS were higher in SubHypo; TOS and OSI were lower in SubHyper patients. Conclusion: Increased total antioxidant and CRP in SubHypo and decreased total oxidants, IL-10 and OSI in SubHyper indicated that oxidant-antioxidant balance is impaired suggesting that subclinical thyroid diseases may cause changes in inflammation and defense mechanism. Decrease in chemerin in SubHyper and vaspin in SubHypo and SubHyper show that chemerin and vaspin may be candidates as biomarkers in subclinical thyroid diseases.

The role of rs2236242 at SERPINA12 gene and vaspin level on papillary thyroid carcinoma

Several studies showed that adipokines are associated with types of cancer which are documented to be effective in cancer biology. This study aimed to determine the relationship between vaspin rs2236242 polymorphism and the vaspin level with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and multinodular goiter (MNG). In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 170 candidates. Ninety patients with newly diagnosed (PTC 60 patients and MNG 30 patients), and 80 participants as a control group referred to Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran, were enrolled in the study. The vaspin hormone measurements were conducted utilizing the Elisa Kit. Using Tetra amplification resistant-mutation system polymerase chain reaction (T-ARMS-PCR), the genotype of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2236242 was determined. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 20. Our findings showed significant age and genotype frequency differences in three groups (p-value < 0.05). There was no significant difference in vaspin levels between PTC, and control groups. The level of vaspin in MNG compared to the control group had significantly different, but there were no differences after adjustment for age. Results showed the genotypes of vaspin rs2236242 polymorphism are not associated with the level of vaspin. The genotypes and allele frequencies of vaspin rs2236242 in the PTC and MNG groups were significant compared to the control group. We have found vaspin rs2236242 gene polymorphism as a potential marker of papillary thyroid cancer. The A allele of the vaspin SNP rs2236242 plays a protective role against PTC and MNG. SNP at rs2236242 was not significantly associated with vaspin levels.

Vaspin facilitates the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells.

To investigate whether visceral adipose tissue-derived serine protease inhibitor (vaspin) can alleviate the inhibitory effect of high-glucose (HG) culture on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and to preliminarily explore the underlying mechanisms. High glucose produces damage to the regeneration of periodontal tissue of PDLSCs. The expression level of vaspin in periodontal tissue is high in periodontitis patients and effectively reduced after initial therapy of periodontal diseases. However, the effect of vaspin on PDLSCs remains unknown. PDLSCs were cultured in media augmented with 5.5 or 25.0 mM concentrations of glucose to elucidate the impact and mechanism of vaspin on PDLSCs under high glucose invitro. Proliferation was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assay. Osteogenesis of PDLSCs was assessed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, ALP activity, and Alizarin Red staining. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot (WB) were used to investigate the osteo-specific markers. Then, the molecular impact of vaspin in the presence/absence of HG on PDLSCs physiology was determined with TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway as the main focus. It was revealed that the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation (OD) of PDLSCs under HG was reduced, and by adding vaspin the anti-osteogenic impact of HG was relieved. Moreover, vaspin enhanced TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway activity. Pretreatment with TGF-β1 inhibitor blocked vaspin-triggered TGF-β1/Smad signal activation and minimized the vaspin-induced protective effect against HG-inhibited growth and OD. In summary, vaspin observably reduces HG-mediated inhibition of PDLSCs OD by modulating the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway. Vaspin may be a potential therapeutic for periodontal tissue regeneration in diabetic patients.

Assessment of Serum Insulin and VASPIN Levels Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with or Without Obesity: A Cross-sectional Analytical Study.

A collection of diverse conditions together referred to as diabetes mellitus frequently manifest as periods of hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance, which can be caused by insufficient insulin, improper insulin action, or both. A medical condition known as obesity is the accumulation of excess body fat to the point that it may be harmful to one's health. It has been determined that the adipokine vaspin (visceral adipose tissue-derived serpin A12) belongs to the family of serine protease inhibitors. Insulin, a polypeptide hormone, is released by the pancreatic beta cells. This hormone is both anti-catabolic and anabolic. Insulin decreases blood glucose levels by preventing its synthesis and encouraging its storage and use. In total, 125 male and female participants of various ages participated in the current study. They included 25 healthy controls, 50 non-obese and 50 obese non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients, who visited the MDM Hospital's outpatient clinic in Jodhpur, Rajasthan. Commercially available reagents and kits were utilized for the analysis of serum insulin and vaspin samples. Standard statistical tools were utilized to evaluate the parameters. When results were compared with healthy participants and non-obese NIDDM subjects, obese NIDDM subjects showed statistically significant higher fasting serum insulin and serum vaspin levels (P < 0.0001). Our study's conclusions demonstrated a strong correlation between blood insulin and vaspin levels and diabetes and obesity. Vaspin has a positive impact on insulin resistance, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. It also enhances glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, reducing diabetes complications. This novel biomarker has the potential to enhance diabetes mellitus outcomes by facilitating prompt diagnosis, improved management, and reduction of complications.

THE ROLE OF VASPIN IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND OSTEOARTHRITIS

Background: Adipo(cyto)kines are substances derived from adipose tissue that influence central processes in the body like inflammation, in addition to their effect on metabolism. Adipocytokines are implicated in inflammatory pathways that affect different types of cells in autoimmune disorders. Many rheumatic disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis, are classified as autoimmune diseases. A chronic inflammatory environment develops as a result of autoimmune reactions, affecting the entire body, notably adipose tissue. Vaspin, an adipocytokine, is a visceral serpin protease inhibitor produced by subcutaneous adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, skin and stomach. Objectives: The present review summarizes the structure, mechanism of action and role of vaspin in the pathophysiology and development of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Methodology: The data was collected through the electronic search of several scientific sources including, Science Direct, PubMed, and Google scholar. Results: Because of changes in systemic vaspin levels, its potential role as a biomarker in the diagnosis of rheumatic diseases has been suggested. Furthermore, vaspin induction by adipose tissue may produce a compensatory response to obesity and its inflammatory consequences. Recent studies have shown that vaspin levels are lower in osteoarthritis and higher in rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis compared to healthy control. Moreover, vaspin elevation may assist in predicting who is at risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis. Conclusion: Vaspin inhibitors can attenuate the pathological processes of rheumatoid arthritis and improve the outcome of treatment when used in combination with other inflammatory mediator inhibitors.

Does the Serum Vaspin Level Have a Role in the Diagnosis of Primary Ovarian Insufficiency?

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to compare the serum vaspin levels between patients with primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) and healthy fertile women. STUDY DESIGN: Sixty-nine patients diagnosed with idiopathic POI and 70 age-matched healthy fertile women were included in this case-control study. General gynecological and physical examination findings and serum basal hormone levels were recorded. Vaspin levels in serum samples were determined using the Enyzme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) method. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients with POI was 31.9±5.4 years, while it was 31.2±3.8 years in the control group. There were no statistically significant differences in body mass index, gravidity, parity, and cigarette consumption between the groups. However, the mean follicle-stimulating hormone level in POI patients was 55.4±25.1 IU/L, significantly higher than the 6.2±1.8 IU/L observed in the control group. Luteinizing hormone levels were also significantly higher in POI patients, while estradiol and anti-Mullerian hormone values were significantly lower. Furthermore, the mean serum vaspin level in POI patients was 0.79±0.56 ng/mL, compared to 1.08±0.64 ng/mL in the control group (p&lt;0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Serum vaspin levels were found to be decreased in women with POI. Therefore, monitoring the serum vaspin levels in women with POI may help in the early identification of patients with POI.

Adipokine vaspin maintains angiogenesis and neurological function during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion via suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Visceral adipose tissue-derived serine protease inhibitor (vaspin) is an adipokine. It has been reported that decreased serum vaspin levels are significantly associated with stroke severity and prognosis. This article aims to explore the theoretical feasibility of vaspin supplementation for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. The I/R mouse models were constructed by the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) method, and the effects of vaspin on cerebral infarction, neurological function, angiogenesis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress were explored. To verify the mediation of ER stress in the regulation of vaspin, human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) were subjected to ER stress agonist tunicamycin in vitro. The impacts of vaspin and tunicamycin on oxygen glucose deprivation/ recovery (OGD/R)-induced cell viability, apoptosis, and angiogenesis were examined. Vaspin inhibited blood-brain barrier breakdown and infarction occurred in the brain tissue of the I/R mice. Vaspin also enhanced cerebral neovascularization and reduced the apoptosis. Additional tunicamycin increased the apoptosis of HBMECs and inhibited angiogenesis, reversing the protective effect of vaspin on cells. Together, this study reveals that vaspin supplementation reduces cerebral infarction and works against neurological dysfunction. It maintains the survival and angiogenesis capacity of HBMECs by inhibiting ER stress.

Assessing Serum Vaspin Dynamics in Dairy Cows during Late Pregnancy and Early Lactation in Relation to Negative Energy Balance

The periparturient period, which spans late pregnancy to early lactation in dairy cows, is a crucial phase characterized by complex metabolic and endocrine adjustments necessary for sustained milk production. This research focused on the relationship between serum vaspin, inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, TNF), and markers of negative energy balance (NEB) in 100 primiparous and multiparous Holstein dairy cows. The results demonstrated that one month post-calving, both groups had a significant decrease in serum vaspin levels but increased NEFA levels, indicating possible consequences for lipid metabolism and energy balance. Multiparous cows showed significant elevations in cholesterol, IL-1, and TNF concentrations after calving, indicating increased inflammatory responses. Primiparous cows, on the other hand, responded differently, indicating the role of parity in metabolic adjustments. The study acknowledges limitations such as sample size and its observational nature. Future research should investigate the long-term effects of these metabolic changes on herd health and lactational performance, using advanced technologies to gain a molecular understanding. Despite limitations, this study provides valuable insights into how adipokines, inflammatory markers, and energy balance interact during the periparturient period, offering the potential for improved dairy cow management and productivity while ensuring animal welfare.

Correlation of Serum Vaspin Level with the Severity of Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Cross-sectional Study

Correlation of Serum Vaspin Level with the Severity of Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Cross-sectional Study

Altered Red Blood Cell Fatty Acid and Serum Adipokine Profiles in Subjects with Obesity.

Adipokines, as well as the fatty acid profile of red blood cell (RBC) membranes, are known to play important roles in the development and progression of metabolic complications induced by obesity. Thus, the objective of this study is to compare the serum adipokine profile and the RBC membrane fatty acid profile of normal-weight and obese adults, and to analyze their relationship with serum biochemical parameters. An observational case-control study was performed in 75 normal-weight and obese adult subjects. Biochemical serum parameters, eight serum adipokines and the RBC membrane fatty acid profiles were measured. Associations between parameters were established using regression analysis. Subjects with obesity showed increased levels of leptin, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and overexpressed nephroblastoma (NOV/CCN3), decreased adiponectin, and similar levels of vaspin and chemerin compared to normal-weight subjects. Significant positive and negative correlations were found with triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), respectively. An increase in the total ω-6 fatty acids in the RBC membrane fatty acid profiles in subjects with obesity was observed, because of higher levels of both dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) and arachidonic acid (AA), and decreased total ω-3 fatty acids, mainly due to lower levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The ω-6/ω-3 ratio in the RBCs was significantly higher, suggesting an inflammatory status, as was also suggested by a reduced adiponectin level. A negative association between DGLA and adiponectin, and a positive association between DHA and serum triglycerides, was observed. Important alterations in serum adipokine and RBC fatty acid profiles are found in subjects with obesity.

A Mediterranean Eating Pattern Combining Energy and Time-Restricted Eating Improves Vaspin and Omentin Concentrations Compared to Intermittent Fasting in Overweight Individuals.

Athonian Orthodox fasting (AOF) is characterized by energy- and time-restricted eating (TRE) and is based on the Mediterranean diet. We aimed to investigate the impact of AOF compared to another TRE model on vaspin, omentin, nesfatin, and visfatin levels. We included 25 individuals (mean age 50.3 ± 8.6 years, 24% men) who practiced AOF and abstained from animal products, with the exception of seafood and fish. This group adopted a 12 h eating interval (08.00 to 20.00). In total, 12 participants (mean age 47.7 ± 8.7 years, 33.3% men) who practiced 16:8 TRE (eating from 09:00 to 17:00) and were allowed to consume meat served as the controls. Anthropometric and dietary data and adipokine levels were prospectively collected at three time points: at baseline, after the end of the diets (7 weeks), and 5 weeks after the participants returned to their typical eating habits (12 weeks from baseline). Vaspin levels decreased [795.8 (422.1-1299.4) (baseline) vs. 402.7 (203.8-818.9) (7 weeks) pg/mL, p = 0.002] and omentin levels increased [568.5 (437.7-1196.5) (baseline) vs. 659.0 (555.7-1810.8) (12 weeks) pg/mL, p = 0.001] in the AOF group, while none of the analyzed adipokines changed significantly in the TRE group. The variations observed in vaspin and omentin concentrations in the AOF group were independent of age, sex, changes in anthropometry and fat intake. In conclusion, AOF can significantly reduce vaspin and increase omentin, whose levels are known to increase and decrease, respectively, in obesity and type 2 diabetes. The implications of these findings for cardiometabolic health warrant further investigation.

Vaspin: A Novel Biomarker Linking Gluteofemoral Body Fat and Type 2 Diabetes Risk.

To determine whether adiposity depots modulate vaspin levels and whether vaspin predicts type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk, through epidemiological and genetic analyses. We assessed the relationship of plasma vaspin concentration with incident and prevalent T2D and adiposity-related variables in 1) the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) biomarker substudy (N = 10,052) and 2) the Outcome Reduction with Initial Glargine Intervention (ORIGIN) trial (N = 7,840), using regression models. We then assessed whether vaspin is causally associated with T2D and whether genetic variants associated with MRI-measured adiposity depots modulate vaspin levels, using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). A 1-SD increase in circulating vaspin levels was associated with a 16% increase in incident T2D in the PURE cohort (hazard ratio 1.16; 95% CI 1.09-1.23; P = 4.26 × 10-7) and prevalent T2D in the ORIGIN cohort (odds ratio [OR] 1.16; 95% CI 1.07-1.25; P = 2.17 × 10-4). A 1-unit increase in BMI and triglyceride levels was associated with a 0.08-SD (95% CI 0.06-0.10; P = 2.04 × 10-15) and 0.06-SD (95% CI 0.04-0.08; P = 4.08 × 10-13) increase, respectively, in vaspin in the PURE group. Consistent associations were observed in the ORIGIN cohort. MR results reinforced the association between vaspin and BMI-adjusted T2D risk (OR 1.01 per 1-SD increase in vaspin level; 95% CI 1.00-1.02; P = 2.86 × 10-2) and showed that vaspin was increased by 0.10 SD per 1-SD decrease in genetically determined gluteofemoral adiposity (95% CI 0.02-0.18; P = 2.01 × 10-2). No relationships were found between subcutaneous or visceral adiposity and vaspin. These findings support that higher vaspin levels are related to increased T2D risk and reduced gluteofemoral adiposity, positioning vaspin as a promising clinical predictor for T2D.

Obezitenin Galanin ve Vaspin Düzeyleri ile İlişkisi

Objective: Our aim was to compare vaspin and galanin in obese and normal weight individuals, to reveal whether these parameters are related to obesity and other related parameters. Material and Methods: Forty patients with obesity and 40 control subjects were included in the study. Biochemical parameters were recorded from patient’s files. Galanin and vaspin levels were studied from the sample obtained as a result of centrifugation of blood samples taken from the patients. Results: The groups were similar to each other in terms of gender and age (p&amp;gt;0.05). Galanine levels were higher in the group with obesity compared to the control group (p&amp;lt;0.001). Vaspin levels were higher in the group with obesity compared to the control group, but it was not statistically significant (p&amp;gt;0.05). Glucose, insulin, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were statistically significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group (p&amp;lt;0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in terms of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) (p&amp;gt;0.05). A statistically significant positive correlation was found with galanin, glucose, insulin, and body mass index (BMI), respectively (p&amp;lt;0.001, r=0.401; p &amp;lt;0.001, r=0.519; p &amp;lt;0.001, r=0.714). Also there was statistically significant positive correlation between vaspin and insulin, BMI, respectively (p=0.05, r=0.222; p=0.03, r=0.238). Conclusion: Our results show that high serum concentrations of galanin and vaspin in obese subjects may be the result of weight gain or may be one of many factors involved in the pathogenesis of obesity.