Vasil Levski Research Articles

The use of constructive and virtual simulation technologies for skills training in military education

The report describes how simulation technologies are embedded in military education in Vasil Levski National Military University. It is more than obvious that both NATO and EU borders are surrounded by insecurity and instability. The EU and NATO countries are facing a very wide range of security challenges and threats: from state and non-state actors; from military forces and from terrorist, cyber, or hybrid attacks. Those challenges should be included in the military education programmes, giving the cadets the opportunity to study the security treats and to be trained to react to them. Simulation systems constitute an excellent tool for the creation of a number of scenarios. Based on them, we are able to train the cadets in a virtual environment, covering a variety of different training objectives.

About the Pursuit of Vasil Levski and the Investigation Against the Participants in the Robbery in Arabakonak Pass According to New Documents from the Ottoman Archive in Istanbul

About the Pursuit of Vasil Levski and the Investigation Against the Participants in the Robbery in Arabakonak Pass According to New Documents from the Ottoman Archive in Istanbul

Влияние на физическата активност върху формиране на личностни качества според анкетно проучване

The educational process of physical education and sport in the initial stage of the primary education helps build the foundations for the positive attitude of the trainees towards sport, personal physical development and physical capacity, motivation, needs and interests. The purpose of this survey is to identify parents’ willingness to encourage their children to participate in organized sports activities at school and beyond, and to determine the impact of physical activity on the development of personal traits in first grade students. The contingent of the survey is 30 parents of students in the first grade of “Vasil Levski” Secondary school – Troyan. To achieve this goal, the following tasks must be completed: 1. To investigate the parental capacity to provoke physical activity in children. 2. To identify certain personality traits of first grade students after undergoing physical activity. 3. To process the received data and formulate conclusions and recommendations for practice in physical activity. For the successful outcome of the survey the following methods were applied: literature review on the subject and the survey questionnaire method. Based on the answers received from parents to pupils in first grade, it can be concluded that, positive emotional communication of children during participation in sports activities influences the interaction and the way of communication with their relatives, strengthens their self-assessment, regulates social behavior, increases the tolerance towards loved ones and strangers, lowers aggressiveness and emotional lability, and last but not least - forms the basis of a healthy lifestyle.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE LEVEL OF STUDENTS` ACADEMIC MOTIVATION TO SOFIA UNIVERSITY „ST. KLIMENT OHRIDSKI” AND NATIONAL ACADEMIA OF SPORT „VASIL LEVSKI”

The present report addresses a topic that is a key factor for the quality of the education in universities. The outcome this education depends on the degree of students’ academic motivation and results in their readiness for certain profession. The material presents the results from a study conducted in the period 2016-2019 among 45 students in their second and third year of studies in the subject „Physical Education and Sport“ at the Sofia University „St. Kliment Ohridski“ Faculty of Science, Education and Arts and 39 students also studying „Physical Education“ but at the National Sports Academy „Vasil Levski“ Faculty of Pedagogy. As a research tool, was used a questionnaire designed for determining the academic motivation, developed by Angel Velichkov. The questionnaire contained 11 questions, of which 7 with positive and 4 with negative direction. The assessment was done through the 4-point Likert scale, where 0 is „completely disagree” and 3 is „completely agree”. In his work A. Velichkov places the degree of academic motivation within the following limits: 0-11 points – lack of academic motivation; 12-18 points – weak motivation; 19-24 points – moderate motivation, 25-33 points – strong academic motivation. The summaries are made both on universities and on each individual indicator for academic motivation, including: „Active attitude to the learning process“, „Internal self-discipline“ and „Strive to complement and broaden the obtained knowledge“. To determine the priorities of young people, we divided their statements that received the highest percentage of opinions „agree“ on the positively formulated questions and „disagree“ on the negative ones. The comparative analysis shows that the overall degree of academic motivation is not high among students from both Universities. However, students in both universities are convinced that active involvement in the learning process is required. Students are aware of the importance of the theoretical background they need to acquire during their studies. They are motivated to gain lasting knowledge and excellence in all subjects studied. Young people indicate that they complement and broaden their knowledge by seeking additional information and by consultations with university professors.

ASSESSING OF THE MILITARY PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES

The military professional forming of cadets is in the core of the mission of Vasil Levski National Military University - Bulgaria and of the training process. Despite of this, the efforts not always achieve the desired results during the training of each cadet. All these require the military professional realization of the cadets to be subjected to an overall and profound analysis and on that base to find out the achievements, to reveal the weaknesses and difficulties of the process, to identify the reasons for them and to outline the directions and means for its improvement .

USE OF CO2 LASER FOR MARKING AND CLEARING OF TEXTILE MATERIALS FOR MANUFACTURE OF MILITARY EQUIPMENT

In the last decades, a large application has been found by lasers in marking and cutting on textiles, plexiglass, wood, metals and other materials. These items apply to both the military and the economy of the countries of the world. A group of Bulgarian students from the National Military University Vasil Levski, led by Dr. Nikolay Dolchinkov, conducted a research with a group of TAR under the leadership of Prof. Lubomir Lazov at the Laser Center in Rezekne at the end of 2018. The report shows the achieved results and the relevant analyzes. Graphically and tabularly, the dependence of the depth of the markings and the cut-off of the power and speed of the used CO2 laser are presented.

IMPROVEMENT OF THE FORMING OF THE MILITARY PROFESSIONAL QUALITIES DURING THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS

The military professional forming of the Cadets results from the mission of “Vasil Levski National Military University” and is the core of their training process. Despite of this, the made efforts not always achieve the desired results during the training of each cadet as versatile office. All these require the military professional realization of the cadets to be subjected to an overall and profound analysis and on that base to find out the achievements, to reveal the weaknesses and difficulties of the process, to identify the reasons for them and to outline the directions and means for its improvement.

Methodology of the First Aid Cadet Training at Vasil Levski National Military University

Abstract First aid is the implementation of measures of the immediate care taken of the lives of people with traumas and illnesses until they are given professional medical assistance. It consists of a series of simple, but sometimes life-saving, medical techniques that can be performed with minimal equipment and by military personnel who are generally free of special medical education. This report examines the methodology of the first aid cadet training at Vasil Levski National Military University.

POPULATION AWARENESS STUDY AND PREPAREDNESS FOR ACTION IN RADIATION ACCIDENT IN BULGARIA

Inquiry included issues covering the overall vision of radiative background monitoring systems, population disclosure, action by competent authorities and bodies and their interaction. Together with these radiation protection basics, the respondents also expressed their opinion on the main factors that could lead to a radiation accident and the way the radioactive particles, isotopes and rays are disseminated in terms of meteorological elements that influence them. The poll was conducted in February and March 2017 so that the information received is up to date. The resulting and aggregated information should not be considered as a constant because the situation changes dynamically, both in terms of the political situation in the region and the intentions of our neighbors regarding the sites that represent both the radiation risk and the meteorological elements that affect any radioactive contamination. The study was conducted in three groups of respondents. The first group consisted of radiation protection and nuclear physics specialists, who have a deeper understanding of the problems and their opinion has a greater weight. The circle of respondents was not large - 38 people responded to the survey. The second group of people included randomly selected individuals in different age groups and educational qualifications from all over the country randomly selected. In this category, the respondents answered 196 people of different age, gender and education I also made a study among students in the first course at Vasil Levski National Academy of Medicine and the results were also processed and analyzed independently. It was attended by 158 trainees who have undergone initial training in nuclear, chemical and biological protection, and have some basic knowledge of nuclear accidents and their actions. After the survey was completed, the results obtained were processed by me and summarized in a tabular form attached to the report. On the basis of the results obtained and the summarized data, conclusions are drawn regarding the state of the actions in case of a radiation accident and recommendations for improvement of the public disclosure and the correct and timely actions of the responsible state bodies in order to protect the population and minimize the negative consequences for the living and non-living nature.

RESEARCH ENERGY STATUS OF THE MILITARY PERSONEL IN FIELD SETTING

The aim of the research is to determine the values of the energy requirement and of the taken proteins, fats and carbohydrates for a balanced nutrition of the Cadets at Vasil Levski National Military University. The general hypothesis of the research is to confirm the existence of significant disproportions between the consumed energy requirement and the actually taken energy and nutrients through the given to the Cadets food during the process of their training at Vasil Levski National Military University.

HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF THE DAILY ENERGY REQUIREMENTS OF THE CADETS IN THE REPUBLIC OF BULGARIA

The mission of Vasil Levski National Military University is to develop the students in moral, mental and physical aspects, to incorporate them to the ideals of patriotism, duty and honor, to form them as personalities and leaders with developed leader competences, capable of developing and implementing the scientific knowledge, to direct public and special structures in peacetime and during crises and to participate in national or multinational projects for keeping of security, peacekeeping and developing of the society. Aim of the work: the aim of the research is to generalize the historical experience for the evaluation of the energy requirement of the military personnel from different national armies and to trace back in a historical aspect the tendencies of the daily energy requirement of the Cadets in the Republic of Bulgaria. Methods : Study of literature sources of published data about the energy requirements of the military personnel from different armies and of the Cadets in the Republic of Bulgaria. Conclusion : It’s advisable to conclude researches energy requirements, connected with the military training and to implement the results of these researches as a base for the revision of the energy and nutrient values of the food rations, used in the nutrition of the students at Vasil Levski National Military University.

STUDY OF THE DAILY ENERGY REQUIREMENT OF THE CADETS FROM VASIL LEVSKI NATIONAL MILITARY UNIVERSITY

The operative norms for nutrition of the military personnel are a result of the carried out in the 70-ies years of the past century research about the nutrition and the alimentary status of the servicemen and the achievements of the science of nutrition, the concepts for preparation and implementation of the Armies at that time. In this light the study of the actually consumed energy by the Cadets from Vasil Levski National Military University gives a suitable base for the elaboration of new rational norms of nutrition, which could correspond to the requirements for a healthy way of life. Aim of the research is to determine the value of the daily energy requirement of the Cadets from Vasil Levski National Military University , which would serve as a starting point for elaboration of new standards of nutrition of the Cadets at Vasil Levski National Military University. Object of research is the rational nutrition of the Cadets, as a component of the healthy way of life during the process of their education at Vasil Levski National Military University. Subject of research is the actually consumed energy requirement of the Cadets during the process of their education at Vasil Levski National Military University.

METHOD OF DETERMINATION OF THE DIURNAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF THE CADETS FROM THE VASIL LEVSKI NATIONAL MILITARY UNIVERSITY

The basic results and the used in the research methodology for determination of the diurnal energy consumption of the Cadets from the Vasil Levski National Military University are represented in the report . The methods for measuring the time expenditures and for determination of the most suitable method for the specified conditions were examined. The duration of the specific events in the time distribution of the 24-hours period was analyzed and the physical activity ratio (PAR) for each kind of physical activity was determined – establishment of working time . Resulting form the carried out chronometry, at the end of the report the obtained results are being visualized.

IMPACT OF EXPERIMENTAL TEACHING METHOD “LANGUAGE THROUGH SPORT” ON MOTIVATIONAL STRATEGIES OF WEIGHTLIFTING SPECIALISTS

Recently, there have been outlined some problems in the motivated participation of students in the educational process. These ones presuppose the optimization of traditional teaching methods and the application of new methods, techniques and approaches in the learning process. The necessity of introducing a new-invented educational model for students’ training at NSA "Vasil Levski", combining the foreign language teaching and their sports training is imposed by the need to improve the existing educational practice both in sport practice and in foreign language learning. The new-invented teaching method "Language through sport" for weightlifting and power lifting specialists has not been developed so far in this specific educational context. The experimental teaching method has been elaborated and applied by simultaneous implementation of foreign language learning of standardized international terms in the field of weightlifting and power lifting in students’ training sessions. The study of the impact of new-invented method "Language through Sport" on students’ motivation is a reliable indicator of the efficacy of this training and teaching method in sports pedagogical practice, not only in weightlifting and power lifting but also in other sports disciplines.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS RECEIVED IN THE PAIN EFFECTS SCALE IN WOMEN WITH MULTIPLE SCULPROSIS

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), one of the biggest puzzles in medicine. A number of drugs and therapies have been developed that affect the symptoms or change the severity and frequency of the seizures. Multiple sclerosis is of great social and economic importance to the world, due to the great invasion at early age. It affects the "young adults" in their creatively active period - between 10 and 50 years of age. Contrary to most allegations that pain is absent in MS patients, this is not the case. In the first periods of the disease, pain is almost absent, apart from the periodic manifestation of cramps, perceptions and all types of pain in the body, which at night interfere with sleep, provoke chronic fatigue and irritability (as they themselves have other mechanisms leading to the event their). However, some studies show that pain persists more frequently in women than in men. In most cases, disabling and immobilizing patients is exalted by their attempts to avoid pain. Physiotherapy is a basic tool for maintaining and improving the general condition of the patient. The study involved 22 patients with relapsing-remitting MS. The survey was conducted on the territory of Sofia - NSA "Vasil Levski", in the period from 01.09.2013 to 30.10.2015. The pain syndrome was evaluated in multiple sclerosis patients, at the beginning, the 10th procedure and the last procedure. For each patient in the experimental group, 20 procedures were performed within 10 weeks. The duration of the individual activity was 1 hour. The procedures for hippotherapy were a total of 16, each lasting 30 minutes. After the completion of the 10-week Physiotherapy program, each of the patients continues the hippotherapy courses on the Khan Asparuh horse base. The therapeutic program we have prepared and tested includes the following: Exercise with a large therapeutic ball (fitball); proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF); myofascial techniques (MFT); autogenous training (AT); hippo therapy (HT). During the study, the subsequent results showed a significant decrease in pain in the tested group. At the end of the study, the improvement of the indicators from the initial to the final study were seen. The statistical significance is less than or equal to 0.01, with the possibility of error being minimal. From the conclusions, it can be said that the methodology thus performed brings great positives in terms of pain reduction in women with multiple sclerosis who participated in the study.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS RECEIVED IN THE PAIN EFFECTS SCALE IN MEN WITH MULTIPLE SCULPROSIS

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), one of the biggest puzzles in medicine. A number of drugs and therapies have been developed that affect the symptoms or change the severity and frequency of the seizures. Multiple sclerosis is of great social and economic importance to the world, due to the great invasion at early age. It affects the "young adults" in their creatively active period - between 10 and 50 years of age. Contrary to most allegations that pain is absent in MS patients, this is not the case. In the first periods of the disease, pain is almost absent, apart from the periodic manifestation of cramps, perceptions and all types of pain in the body, which at night interfere with sleep, provoke chronic fatigue and irritability (as they themselves have other mechanisms leading to the event their). However, some studies show that pain persists more frequently in women than in men. In most cases, disabling and immobilizing patients is exalted by their attempts to avoid pain. Physiotherapy is a basic tool for maintaining and improving the general condition of the patient. The study involved 18 male patients with relapsing-remitting MS. The survey was conducted on the territory of Sofia - NSA "Vasil Levski", in the period from 01.09.2013 to 30.10.2015. The pain syndrome was evaluated in multiple sclerosis patients, at the beginning, the 10th procedure and the last procedure. For each patient in the experimental group, 20 procedures were performed within 10 weeks. The duration of the individual activity was 1 hour. The procedures for hippotherapy were a total of 16, each lasting 30 minutes. After the completion of the 10-week Physiotherapy program, each of the patients continues the hippotherapy courses on the Khan Asparuh horse base. The therapeutic program we have prepared and tested includes the following: Exercise with a large therapeutic ball (fitball); proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF); myofascial techniques (MFT); autogenous training (AT); hippo therapy (HT). During the study, the subsequent results showed a significant decrease in pain in the tested group. At the end of the study, the improvement of the indicators from the initial to the final study were seen. The statistical significance is less than or equal to 0.01, with the possibility of error being minimal. From the conclusions, it can be said that the methodology thus performed brings great positives in terms of pain reduction in women with multiple sclerosis who participated in the study.

Method of Determination of the Diurnal Energy Consumption of the Cadets from the Vasil Levski National Military University

The basic results and the used in the research methodology for determination of the diurnal energy consumption of the Cadets from the Vasil Levski National Military University are represented in the report. The methods for measuring the time expenditures and for determination of the most suitable method for the specified conditions were examined. The duration of the specific events in the time distribution of the 24- hours period was analyzed and the physical activity ratio (PAR) for each kind of physical activity was determined – establishment of working time. Resulting form the carried out chronometry, at the end of the report the obtained results are being visualized.

Study of the Dietary Intake of Cadets from the National Military University “Vasil Levski” - Part I

Abstract The study was conducted in the period July - September 2017 at the National Military University "Vasil Levski” - Veliko Tarnovo, Republic of Bulgaria. The subject of the research is the provision of free food as an integral part of the full state support of the students at the National Military University "Vasil Levski". The subject of the study is the impact of objective social, biological, economic and other factors in the dietary intake of male and female students at the National Military University "Vasil Levski” The working hypothesis of the study is that the popularity of the "fast food” concept, the economic difficulties associated with buying high-quality food resulting from the low income levels of the students’ families, the marketing strategies of food traders and the biological characteristics of each individual have largely shaped the habits and the perception of nutrition of the students before enrolling at the National Military University "Vasil Levski". This, in turn, implies that the existing nutrition norms should be adapted to the consumers in line with the basic principles of nutrition science. The study is conducted at the National Military University "Vasil Levski", Veliko Tarnovo. Cadets at the “Land Forces” Faculty - region of Veliko Tarnovo and “Artillery, Air Defense and Communication and Information Systems” Faculty - region of Shoumen are provided with food from the same menu and with uniform food prices. Peculiarities based on religious grounds and vegetarianism which are not in line with the science of nutrition and the principles of army nutrition are not taken into consideration

Opportunities for Multiplying the Expenses in Economic Effects and Benefits for the Budget of the National Military University “Vasil Levski”

Abstract In recent years, there is a marked tendency for the net amount of salaries, social security payments, social expenses and scholarships at the National Military University "Vasil Levski” to increase. This is due both to an increase in the number of staff on a permanent employment contract and the number of cadets, and to the change in the parameters of the average annual gross salary and scholarships, as well as the structure of the compulsory social security contributions. It can be concluded that in view of the increase in the number of cadets over the last few years, there will be a tendency for the net share of salaries, remunerations, social contributions, social expenses and scholarships to increase in the future. Opportunities to remedy the imbalances in the cost structure of the National Military University "Vasil Levski" can be found not only in the increase of the money supply in the transfer and the increase in the university's revenues, but also in the optimization or improvement of the expenditures as regards benefits and support

Analysis of the Energy Requirement and of the Energy Reception of the Cadets from Vasil Levski National Military University

Abstract The mission of Vasil Levski National Military University is to develop the cadets in moral, mental and physical aspects, to incorporate them to the ideals of patriotism, duty and honor, to form them as personalities and leaders with developed leaders’ competences, capable of developing and implementing the scientific knowledge, to direct public and special structures during peacetime and crises, to participate in national or multi-national projects for keeping of security, peacekeeping and development of the society. Aim of the research: The aim of the research is to determine the values of the energy requirement and of the taken proteins, fats and carbohydrates fro a balanced nutrition of the Cadets at Vasil Levski National Military University. The general hypothesis of the research is to confirm the existence of significant disproportions between the consumed energy requirement and the actually taken energy and nutrients through the given to the Cadets food during the process of their training at Vasil Levski National Military University