Lipid Profile Variables Research Articles

Exploring PCSK9 Genetic Impact on Lipoprotein(a) via Dual Approaches: Association and Mendelian Randomization.

Previous investigations have suggested an association between the PCSK9 common polymorphism E670G and Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) levels, as well as a link between plasma PCSK9 levels and Lp(a) concentrations. However, the causal relationship between plasma PCSK9 and Lp(a) levels remains uncertain. In this study, we explored the association between PCSK9 E670G polymorphism and Lp(a) levels in 614 healthy Taiwanese individuals. Employing a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using openly accessible PCSK9 and Lp(a) summary statistics from the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and UK Biobank, we aimed to determine if a causal link exists between plasma PCSK9 levels and Lp(a) concentrations. Our findings reveal that the E670G G allele is independently associated with a decreased likelihood of developing elevated Lp(a) levels. This association persists even after adjusting for common cardiovascular risk factors and irrespective of lipid profile variations. The MR analysis, utilizing six PCSK9 GWAS-associated variants as instrumental variables to predict plasma PCSK9 levels, provides compelling evidence of a causal relationship between plasma PCSK9 levels and Lp(a) concentration. In conclusion, our study not only replicates the association between the PCSK9 E670G polymorphism and Lp(a) levels but also confirms a causative relationship between PCSK9 levels and Lp(a) concentrations through MR analysis.

Evaluation of Lipid Profile Changes In Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Single Center Experience

Introduction: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) encompasses chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. While initially considered a localized disorder, IBD has emerged as a systemic disease with a growing recognition of its potential impact on lipid metabolism and cardiovascular health. This study aims to comprehensively investigate lipid profiles and dyslipidemia prevalence among IBD patients, shedding light on potential associations with disease characteristics. Materials and Methods: A single-center cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 707 IBD patients between December 2007 and February 2021. Inclusion criteria comprised confirmed IBD diagnosis, age 18-65, and informed consent. Demographic data, medical history, anthropometric measurements, and fasting blood samples for lipid profile analysis were collected. Lipid profiles included total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides. Statistical analyses, including t-tests, chi-square tests, and multivariate regression, explored associations. Results: This study reveals a high prevalence of dyslipidemia in IBD patients (58%), surpassing the general population. Notably, male IBD patients displayed significantly higher levels of total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides than their counterparts in the general male population. Differences in HDL-C levels were also observed. There were no significant variations in lipid profiles between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis patients within the IBD subgroup. Conclusion: The findings underscore the importance of regular lipid profile assessments in clinical management, particularly for male IBD patients. The significantly elevated prevalence of dyslipidemia in this population implies a potential influence of IBD on lipid metabolism and cardiovascular risk. Further research is needed to elucidate mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions. Addressing dyslipidemia among IBD patients holds promise for reducing cardiovascular risk and enhancing overall health outcomes in this complex patient group.

Lipid Profile Variations in Pregnancies with and without Cardiovascular Risk: Consequences for Both Mother and Newborn.

Background: Maternal cardiovascular risk and its implications can have significant repercussions for both the mother and the child. This study compares the lipid profiles of two distinct groups of pregnant women, those with and without cardiovascular risk, to shed light on its effects on maternal and outcomes for newborns. Materials and Methods: This study enrolled 86 pregnant women, dividing them into two groups: Group 1 (n = 46, healthy pregnancies) and Group 2 (n = 40, pregnancies with cardiovascular risk factors). The data collected included maternal demographics, smoking history, pre-existing pathologies, and a range of laboratory measures. Neonatal outcomes were also recorded. Results: Group 2 showed a significant increase in the percentage of newborns with abnormal APGAR scores (p-value < 0.0001), congenital abnormalities (p-value < 0.0001), severe prematurity (p-value < 0.0001), and neonatal mortality rates (p-value < 0.0001), as well as differences in birth weight (p-value = 0.0392) and therapy usage (surfactant: p-value < 0.001, steroids p-value = 0.004, and antibiotics p-value < 0.001). Regarding laboratory measures, Group 2 exhibited significantly elevated levels of total cholesterol, LDL-C (p-value < 0.0001), ApoB (p-value < 0.0001), Lp(A) (p-value = 0.0486), triglycerides (p-value < 0.0001), and hs-CRP (p-value = 0.0300). Discussion: These results underscore the elevated risk associated with pregnancies complicated by cardiovascular risk factors. Group 2 demonstrated a more concerning clinical profile, with a higher prevalence of detrimental neonatal outcomes and different lipid and inflammatory profiles, signifying a potential pathophysiological link. Conclusions: The differential lipid profiles and adverse neonatal outcomes in pregnancies with cardiovascular risks highlight the urgency of effective risk stratification and management strategies in this population.

Lipidomic and transcriptomic analyses provide insights into the dynamic changes in lipid metabolism across growth phases in oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula glutinis ZHK

Microbial lipids are a diverse class of valuable biomolecules with multifarious applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and biofuel industries. Rhodotorula glutinis is a well-studied oleaginous yeast that has the superior capability to synthesize abundant lipids from low-cost substrates. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the variations in lipid profiles in R. glutinis ZHK between different growth phases through lipidomic and transcriptomic technologies. The results indicated that the yield of most lipids was gradually raised with the increase in fermentation times, except for triacylglycerols, which might be attributed to the fact that many lipogenic genes were consistently up-regulated. Meanwhile, as compared to the control (1 d), the significantly down-regulated genes involved in triacylglycerol synthesis at stationary-late growth phases resulted in a continuous decrease in triacylglycerol production. Moreover, the acyl-protein thioesterase genes APT1/APT2 might play central regulatory roles in lipid metabolism across growth phases. These findings not only enhanced our understanding of the lipid metabolism in R. glutinis but also laid the molecular groundwork to further enhance their productivity through metabolic or genetic manipulation.

Interplay between Lipid Profile and Weight-Related Outcomes in Healthy Overweight Adults: In-sights from Comprehensive Analyses

Background: The escalating prevalence of overweight and obesity has heightened concerns about cardiovascular health. The intricate interplay between lipid profile variables and weight-related outcomes plays a pivotal role in shaping cardiovascular risks among individuals with excess body weight. This study investigates the associations between lipid profile variables and weight-related indicators in a cohort of healthy, overweight adults, shedding light on potential implications for cardiovascular risk management. Methods: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome, risk factors, and related lifestyle in adult Myanmar citizens were examined in the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research Study (ICPSR146521) using prospective data. The patient’s lipid profiles and demographic data were statistically analyzed using the statistical MedCalc tool. Statistical significance was determined using a 0.05 p-value. Results: Results demonstrate that while BMI is influenced by multiple factors beyond lipid profile variables, waist circumference exhibits moderate association with these variables. Notably, triglycerides significantly correlated with waist circumference, suggesting a potential role in visceral fat accumulation. Additionally, the study highlights the impact of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels on body weight, indicating that higher HDL levels are associated with lower body weights among healthy overweight adults. Conclusion: This study provides comprehensive insights into the complex relationship between lipid profile variables and weight-related outcomes among healthy, overweight adults. These findings underscore the importance of weight management strategies for cardiovascular health and suggest potential avenues for targeted interventions. By understanding the interplay between lipid profiles and obesity, clinicians and public health professionals can develop more effective strategies to mitigate cardiovascular risks in this demographic

Association of nut consumption with insulin resistance and blood lipid profile in Spanish university students

AimsTo examine whether nut consumption was associated with insulin resistance and blood lipid parameters in a sample of young healthy adults. Material and methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted involving 306 first-year students (aged 18–30 years) from the University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain. Biochemical variables related to insulin resistance and blood lipid profile (glucose, insulin, HbA1c, total cholesterol (total-c), LDL-c, HDL-c, and triglycerides) were determined from morning fasting blood samples. Nut consumption was estimated using a 137-item Food-Frequency Questionnaire. The associations of walnuts, other nuts and total nut intakes with insulin resistance and lipid profile variables and surrogates were assessed by linear regression analysis. Differences in insulin resistance and lipid profiles between participants meeting or not meeting the nut consumption recommendations were examined by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Logistic regressions were used to analyze the likelihood of having higher levels of blood lipids or insulin resistance in participants who met or did not meet the recommended intake of nuts. ResultsThere was no association found between nut consumption, whether walnuts or other nut varieties, and insulin resistance and lipid profile variables. Additionally, there were no significant differences in insulin resistance or blood lipid profile variables between university students meeting or not meeting nut consumption recommendations. Finally, stratified analyses based on sex were consistent and did not substantially modify our estimates in the fully adjusted models. ConclusionsIn conclusion, our results suggest that walnuts, other types of nuts, and total nut consumption did not adversely influence metabolic or lipid profile variables among healthy young adults. Although nuts are recommended among healthy dietary patterns, our findings showed that nut consumption has a null effect on the cardiometabolic risk parameters explored in young healthy adults.

Levels of Myostatin, Adiponectin and Lipid Profile in Hyperlipidemia Patients

Background: Excess fat is one of the biggest risk factors for the development of heart disease and one of the top five leading causes of death. The researchers expect from their study that deaths due to cardiovascular diseases will increase from (17.3) million cases in 2017 to (23.6) million deaths by 2030.&#x0D; Aim: Determination of the concentration of lipid profile variables (TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, VLDL-C). Estimating the concentration of some hormones such as myostatin and adiponectin in the serum of study samples in males and females with hyperlipidemia at different ages.&#x0D; Materials and methods: The study included collecting (90) samples and dividing them into two groups (20-60).Blood samples were collected from the vein (10ml) using medical syringes, and the blood was placed in plastic tubes, where the samples were left for (15-20) minutes at a temperature of 37 °C in a water bath until the blood coagulated, and then the samples were separated in a centrifuge.&#x0D; Results: the results showed a significant increase in each of TC, TG, LDL and VLDL, and a significant decrease in Myostatin and HDL, while the results showed no significant difference in Adiponectin. In females compared to healthy subjects the results showed a significant increase in TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL, and the results showed a significant decrease in HDL, while the results showed that there was no significant difference in both Adiponectin and Myostatin.&#x0D; Conclusions: We conclude from our current study that hyperlipidemia is associated with an imbalance in the level of muscular lipid movements and is therefore considered a risk factor for the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases and requires follow-up and a healthy diet with treatment.

Role of macrophage scavenger receptor 1 in the progression of dyslipidemia in acne vulgaris patients.

Macrophage scavenger receptor 1 gene (MSR1), is responsible for producing macrophage scavenger receptors. MSR1 is primarily located on the surfaces of various macrophage types and is known to exert a range of effects on the human body. These effects include influencing innate and adaptive immunological reactions, as well as contributing to the development of conditions such as atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia, liver and lung disease, and cancer. The unregulated assimilation of lipoproteins by MSR1 leads to the creation of macrophages rich in cholesterol that manifest as foam-like cells, ultimately contributing to dyslipidemia. This occurrence highlights the significance of MSR1 as a key player in the pathophysiology of dyslipidemia. In this study, we aimed to estimate variation in lipid profile in acne vulgaris (AV) patients. Also, we aimed to investigate the role of MSR1 in lipid profile variation. A case-control study consisting of 100 patients with AV and 104 healthy controls. Lipid profiles were assessed using normalized enzymatic processes and genotype analyses were performed by a polymerase chain reaction and standard Sanger sequencing. Predictions of variant effects were performed using in silico tools. Our results indicated that the levels of lipid profile were higher in patients with AV than in healthy patients. The two haplotypes that were most prevalent in the patients were TCAC (16.5%) and CAGG (15.47%), whereas the two haplotypes that were more prevalent in the controls were TAAC (16.43%) and CCAC (15.62%). IVS5.59 C>A and rs433235 A>G are in linkage disequilibrium. Additionally, rs433235 A>G has a significant linkage disequilibrium with rs3747531 C>G. In silico analysis, tools indicated that the rs433235 A>G variant was disease-causing. Patients diagnosed with TCAC and CAGG exhibited a higher prevalence compared to healthy patients with TAAC and CCAC. The linkage disequilibrium between rs433235 A>G and IVS5.59 C>A has been established. Furthermore, there appears to be significant linkage disequilibrium between rs3747531 C>G and rs433235 A>G. These findings support the notion that genetic variations may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of these conditions.

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of LDLR Gene as Atherogenesis Markers on Macaca fascicularis and Macaca nemestrina

Long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) and pig-tailed macaques (M. nemestrina) are non-human primate species that most commonly used as animal model in the study of atherosclerosis. Genetic variation in the low density lipoprotein receptor gene (LDLR) has been associated with normal variations in plasma lipid profile and the risk of coronary heart disease (CAD) in humans. In this study, the screening of nucleotide polymorphisms on LDLR genes as molecular markers of atherogenesis in M. fascicularis and M. nemestrina was performed. The LDLR gene of exon region 6 is amplified with a specific primers. The nucleotide sequences of the amplicons is determined by the sequencing technique and the results were bioinformatic analyzed. Analysis of exon 6 region LDLR gene in M. fascicularis and M. nemestrina revealed no SNP in this exon. Based on the alignment results, the entire sample has a type of haplotype I. The type of haplotype owned by the six animals is related to the hyper-repons. Both of this species are a potential species for animals model in the study of atherosclerotic disease. The use of exon 6 as a genetic marker of M. fascicularis and M. nemestrina on a fat cholesterol diet makes the animal selection of hypo- from hyper-responder are more efficient.

Lipid distributions in the Global Diagnostics Network across five continents.

Lipids are central in the development of cardiovascular disease, and the present study aimed to characterize variation in lipid profiles across different countries to improve understanding of cardiovascular risk and opportunities for risk-reducing interventions. This first collaborative report of the Global Diagnostics Network (GDN) evaluated lipid distributions from nine laboratory organizations providing clinical laboratory testing in 17 countries on five continents. This cross-sectional study assessed aggregated lipid results from patients aged 20-89 years, tested at GDN laboratories, from 2018 through 2020. In addition to mean levels, the World Health Organization total cholesterol risk target (<5.00 mmol/L, <193 mg/dL) and proportions in guideline-based low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) categories were assessed. This study of 461 888 753 lipid results found wide variation by country/region, sex, and age. In most countries, total cholesterol and LDL-C peaked at 50-59 years in females and 40-49 years in males. Sex- and age-group adjusted mean total cholesterol levels ranged from 4.58 mmol/L (177.1 mg/dL) in the Republic of Korea to 5.40 mmol/L (208.8 mg/dL) in Austria. Mean total cholesterol levels exceeded the World Health Organization target in Japan, Australia, North Macedonia, Switzerland, Germany, Slovakia, and Austria. Considering LDL-C categories, North Macedonia had the highest proportions of LDL-C results >4.91 mmol/L (>190 mg/dL) for both females (9.9%) and males (8.7%). LDL-C levels <1.55 mmol/L (<60 mg/dL) were most common among females in Canada (10.7%) and males in the UK (17.3%). With nearly a half billion lipid results, this study sheds light on the worldwide variability in lipid levels, which may reflect inter-country differences in genetics, lipid testing, lifestyle habits, and pharmacologic treatment. Despite variability, elevated atherogenic lipid levels are a common global problem, and these results can help inform national policies and health system approaches to mitigate lipid-mediated risk of cardiovascular disease.

Conocarpus lancifolius (Combretaceae): Pharmacological Effects, LC-ESI-MS/MS Profiling and In Silico Attributes.

In folklore medicine, Conocarpus lancifolius is used to treat various illnesses. The main objective of this study was a comprehensive investigation of Conocarpus lancifolius leaf aqueous extract (CLAE) for its antioxidant, cardioprotective, anxiolytic, antidepressant and memory-enhancing capabilities by using different in vitro, in vivo and in silico models. The in vitro experimentation revealed that CLAE consumed an ample amount of total phenolics (67.70 ± 0.15 µg GAE/mg) and flavonoids (47.54 ± 0.45 µg QE/mg) with stronger antiradical effects through DPPH (IC50 = 16.66 ± 0.42 µg/mL), TAC (77.33 ± 0.41 µg AAE/mg) and TRP (79.11 ± 0.67 µg GAE/mg) assays. The extract also displayed suitable acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory (IC50 = 110.13 ± 1.71 µg/mL) activity through a modified Ellman's method. The toxicology examination presented no mortality or any signs of clinical toxicity in both single-dose and repeated-dose tests. In line with the cardioprotective study, the pretreatment of CLAE was found to be effective in relieving the isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial injury in rats by normalizing the heart weight index, serum cardiac biomarkers, lipid profile and various histopathological variations. In the noise-stress-induced model for behavior attributes, the results demonstrated that CLAE has the tendency to increase the time spent in the central zone and elevated open arms in the open field and elevated plus maze tests (examined for anxiety assessment), reduced periods of immobility in the forced swimming test (for depression) and improved recognition and working memory in the novel object recognition and Morris water maze tests, respectively. Moreover, the LC-ESI-MS/MS profiling predicted 53 phytocompounds in CLAE. The drug-likeness and ADMET analysis exhibited that the majority of the identified compounds have reasonable physicochemical and pharmacokinetic profiles. The co-expression of molecular docking and network analysis indicated that top-ranked CLAE phytoconstituents act efficiently against the key proteins and target multiple signaling pathways to exert its cardiovascular-protectant, anxiolytic, antidepressant and memory-enhancing activity. Hence, this artifact illustrates that the observed biological properties of CLAE elucidate its significance as a sustainable source of bioactive phytochemicals, which appears to be advantageous for pursuing further studies for the development of new therapeutic agents of desired interest.

Vitamin C and E supplementation and high intensity interval training induced changes in lipid profile and haematological variables of young males.

High intensity interval training (HIIT) causes oxidative stress and haematological alteration. Present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of 8 weeks' supplementation of vitamin C and E on HIIT induced changes in lipid profile parameters and haematological variables. Hundred six male adolescent players were randomly assigned into five age-matched groups, i.e., Control (no exercise+placebo), HIIT (placebo), HIIT​+​vitamin-C (1 000​mg/day), HIIT​+​vitamin-E 400 IU/day) and combined HIIT​+​vitamin C and E. Morning and evening sessions (90​min) of HIIT included 4 phases (15​min each) with 3 sets (4​min each). Each 4​min HIIT set consisted of 2​min intense sprint workout (90%-95% of heart rate maximum [HRmax]) followed by 1​min active recovery (60%-70% HRmax) followed by 1​min of complete rest (1:1 work-rest ratio). Lipid profile parameters, haematological variables, endurance capacity and vertical jump were evaluated by standard protocols. Significant decrease in body weight, fat%, total cholesterol, triglyceride, Total Cholesterol/High Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol and significant increase in High Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol, maximal oxygen consumption, vertical jump were observed for all four intervention groups. White blood cell count, red blood cell count, haemoglobin percentage and haematocrit values were significantly decreased while platelet count and platelet-to-leukocyte ratio (PLR) ratio were increased significantly only for HIIT group. Blood level of tocopherol and ascorbic acid was significantly increased (values were within the normal range) in all the respective vitamin supplemented groups. Supplementation of vitamin C and E secures health protection with suppressed haemolysis and improved inflammatory blood variables with enhanced explosive leg strength and lipid profile parameters without any concomitant change in endurance capacity.

Microbial protein from recovered nitrogen: Nutritional quality, safety, and feasibility assessment

In contrast to traditional agriculture, microbial protein (MP) production is highly efficient in nitrogen (N) usage and can be employed to valorize a variety of recovered resources, thereby increasing the overall sustainability of food production. The present study aimed to establish the potential of seven recovered N sources originating from different waste streams for MP production using ethanol and acetate as growth substrates. The evaluation was based on specific growth rate, biomass yield, nutritional quality (i.e. macromolecular composition, amino acid (AA) and lipid profile) and food safety (i.e. concentration of heavy metals, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), pesticides and antibiotics) of the MP. The majority of the recovered N sources did not affect the kinetics and had a minor impact on the biomass yield, compared to their commercial equivalents. The nutritional content of the biomass was similar to soy flour and did not show major variations in AA and lipid profile for the different recovered N sources. Considering the heavy metal content, an average-weighing adult should not consume >53–213 g of the microbial biomass produced on recovered N per day due to its high copper content. A substantial amount of PAH were also found in the biomass. A daily consumption of 20 g/person/day would impose 2.0–2.8 times higher dietary exposure than the mean PAH exposure through nutrition in the EU, indicating a potential concern for human health. On the other hand, the biomass was free of antibiotics, and the traces of pesticides found did not raise any major concern for food applications. Based on the results of this work, no evidence was found to restrict the application of microbial biomass produced on recovered nitrogen as food.

Variations in lipid profile of Isochrysis galbana, a marine microalga, grown in different culture media for their use as live feed in mariculture

Variations in lipid profile of Isochrysis galbana, a marine microalga, grown in different culture media for their use as live feed in mariculture

The characteristics of serum lipid spectrum in PanNENs and its correlation with clinicopathological features and prognosis.

The role of dyslipidemia in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNENs) is unclear. The aim of this study is to analyze the characteristics of serum lipid spectrum in PanNENs, and the effect of the variation in lipid profile on the development of PanNENs clinicopathological features and prognosis. All PanNENs patients between November 2012 and September 2020 in the authors' research center were identified from patient medical records and databases. A total of 185 with PanNENs patients were ultimately included in this study, including 100 nonfunctional PanNENs and 85 insulinomas. Clinicopathologic features, serum lipid level and overall survival results were retrospectively analyzed using statistical methods. In 185 PanNENs, 95 (51.4%) patients appear to have dyslipidemia. Patients with insulinoma had a lower proportion of abnormal HDL than those with nonfunctional PanNENs (10.6% vs 23%, P=0.026). The mean serum HDL levels of insulinomas were 0.131 mmol/L higher than the NF-PanNENs (1.306 ± 0.324 vs 1.175 ± 0.315, P=0.006). In multivariate logistic analysis, high levels of HDL are negatively correlated to tumor size (OR 0.233, 95% CI: 0.069-0.790, P=0.019), but HDL was not associated with pathological grade or metastasis. And a correlation has been found between hypercholesterolemia and the original location of the tumor (OR:0.224, 95%CI: 0.066-0.753, P =0.016). In addition, the outcome of the survival analysis revealed that dyslipidemia did not influence the prognosis of PanNENs patients (P>0.05). HDL was negatively correlated with the tumor size of PanNENs. The serum HDL level of insulinoma patients is higher than nonfunctional PanNENs.

Can Group Yoga Therapy Replace Aerobic Exercises in Controlling Obesity in Young Adults?

Yoga and aerobics are the two main protocols used widely for the reduction of weight in obesity management. This study have taken these two as the main variables in analysing their efficiency in reducing weight. Methodology: Only male subjects with an age of 15 to 25 years and BMI value more than 26 participated in this clinical trial. Subjects were randomly assigned to two groups namely group A and B. Group A subjects received a set or aerobic exercises that included elliptical exercises, tread mill walking, cycling in magnetic stationary cycling, floor exercises like squats, jumps and lunges. Group B subjects received a set of kriya, asana, pranayama, mudras and bandha. Observation: Outcome measures used in this study are lipid profile variables namely Triglycerides,Total cholesterol, Low density lipoprotein, High density lipoprotein. Results of this study concluded that both YOGIC practice and aerobic training are effective in reducing the lipid profile abnormalities. Though there is no significant difference between the two groups at the end of the 6th week, the results suggest that YOGA practice results in a constant and steady correction of lipid profile value in obese young adults. So this study concludes that YOGA is an effective way of normalising the lipid profile values in obese young adults

Training, detraining and retraining effects of moderate vs. high intensity exercise training programme on cardiovascular risk factors.

The aim of the present study was to analyse the effect of 12 weeks of training, 7 weeks of detraining and 16 weeks of retraining using a moderate or high intensity training programme on cardiovascular risk factors in hypertensive patients. Thirty-four patients took part in the study. The intensity training was 80-90% of maximum heart rate for the high-intensity training (HIT) group ( n = 15) and at 50-70% of maximum heart rate for the moderate training (MT) group ( n = 19). Blood pressure, body composition, lipid profile, fasting glucose, strength and cardiovascular fitness were analysed. The first training period did not decrease blood pressure, but the second training period saw significant decreases in blood pressures in HIT group. Moreover, 12 weeks of MT or HIT did not decrease body mass, body mass index or fat mass. However, after 7 weeks of detraining, the inclusion of a second training period using HIT saw decreases in these body composition variables. Both training periods and intensities improved high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein, but only HIT decreased total cholesterol. In addition, after 7 weeks of detraining, the lipid profile variables returned to baseline values. Additionally, 16 weeks of retraining with HIT or MT decreased blood glucose significantly. Moreover, MT and HIT training programmes in both periods improved cardiorespiratory fitness, but with 7 weeks of detraining, it returned to baseline values. Our data demonstrated the effectiveness of the inclusion of a MT or HIT programme as adjuvant therapy in hypertensive patients.

Plasma fibrinogen in preeclampsia pregnancy

The aims of this study are the evaluation of serum Fibrinogen in preeclampsia and healthy controls; and the relation of Fibrinogen with hypertension. 90 subjects were incorporated in this study, 30 were healthy control with mean age 35.6 years. 60 Preeclampsia case with mean age 32-65 years preeclampsia, wherever all women were more 20 weeks of pregnancy. The blood was separated by centrifuge for evaluation coagulation profile levels and lipid profile. The findings were showed serum Fibrinogen was significantly decreased in preeclampsia than normal (p&lt; 0.005), Systolic blood pressure was significantly varied among preeclampsia group (p &lt; 0.001). Concerning the lipid profile, only TC was significantly increased in preeclampsia patients than control p &lt; 0.0001 while no significant variations in lipid profile were observed between the two pregnant groups. The Fibrinogen is a good indicator for the detection of preeclampsia in pregnant women. New tests are needed for determining the concentration of Fibrinogen in the pregnancy stages.

Use of cinacalcet in secondary hyperparathyroidism: assessment of nutritional, lipid and inflammatory status in chronic kidney disease

observations in cell lines suggest that the use of cinacalcet could be associated with increase in body fat, inflammatory state, and alteration in lipid metabolism. However, when scaling the model to the clinical level, the occurrence of these effects is unknown. to analyze the effect of cinacalcet therapy on anthropometric, inflammatory and lipid parameters in renal patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). observational study with two approaches. The retrospective study included 89 patients who started cinacalcet treatment since 2018 with a maximum follow-up of 36 months. Body mass index (BMI) variables, waist circumference, tricipital skinfold, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and biochemical profile were analyzed. The prospective study included 52 patients who started cinacalcet treatment since 2020 with a 12-month follow-up. BMI, PTH, lipid profile, and PCR variables were analyzed. in the retrospective study, BMI was 27 kg/m2, with 62 % overweight and 65 % of patients with high cardiovascular risk. Cinacalcet reduced PTH by 12 % after six months (p < 0.01) and serum calcium decreased by 3.4 % at the end of follow-up (p = 0.04). According to the prospective study, BMI was 26.8 kg/m2, with 60 % overweight. PTH decreased by 8.4 % after six months. Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides decreased by 6.8 %, 12.5 %, and 5.5 %, respectively, at the end of follow-up. the prevalent nutritional status is excess weight. In patients with SHPT, cinacalcet improves PTH control without causing changes in anthropometric, lipid, and inflammatory parameters.

A Comparative Study of Serum Lipid Profile in Normal Pregnancy and Pregnancy Induced Hypertension

Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension is a significant contributor to maternal and foetal morbidity andmortality worldwide. Studying the lipid profile and risk variables is crucial for illness prevention, management,and a better prognosis.Method and Materials: This study was a case control study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics andGynaecology, Tezpur Medical College and Hospital, Tezpur. A total of 100 (one hundred) were selected, out ofwhich 50 (fifty) normotensive pregnant women served as a control and 50 (fifty) hypertensive women constitutedthe study group. Besides baseline routine investigations, estimation of Serum lipid profile was done by collectingblood samples from antecubital vein of every case and control and were analysed at department of Biochemistry,Tezpur Medical College and Hospital, Tezpur.Results: The hypertensive group had a significant rise in Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol, LDL-C levels anddecreased HDL-C levels as compared to the control group.Conclusion: Abnormal lipid profile during pregnancy plays an important role in development of pre-eclampsia.