The present communication reports the effect of the addition of different dopant elements in the zinc-phosphate host glass network having chemical composition 0.30A–(0.55ZnO–0.15P2O5) (A = V2O5, MoO3, and TeO2) that have been prepared through melt quenching technique. The X-ray diffraction patterns reveal the formation of nanocrystallites superimposing over the amorphous glass matrix of all the studied glassy systems, which is also verified by TEM micrographs. The physical characteristics like density and molar volume are examined and discussed in relation to their structural modifications. The FTIR spectra reveal a significant number of distinct characteristic absorption bands owing to different phosphate, molybdate, and vanadate groups. Depending on the different dopant elements, the variations in optical bandgap energies are observed and analyzed. The variations in the bandgap energies from 4.8 eV to 5.79 eV have been measured from the extrapolation of Tauc's plot. Various optical parameters like refractive index, optical density, optical conductivity, dissipation factor, skin depth, and optical basicity have been studied for all glassy systems. The DC and AC conductivity analyses conspicuously reveal that the V2O5 doped sample possesses the highest conductivity among all the investigated glassy systems.