Growth Variables Research Articles

Reference Ranges and Development Patterns of Fetal Myocardial Function Using Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Healthy Fetuses at 17 to 24 Weeks of Gestation.

The purposes of the study were to develop reference ranges and maturation patterns of fetal cardiac function parameters measured by speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) using multiple biometric variables at 17 to 24 weeks' gestation among Thai fetuses and to compare with other previous reports. The four-chamber view of the fetal heart in 79 healthy fetuses was suitably analyzed by STE to establish the best-fit regression model. The 95% reference intervals and Z-score equations of fetal cardiac function parameters were computed. The fractional area change of both ventricles, left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes, LV stroke volume, LV cardiac output (CO), and LV CO per kilogram were all increased according to gestational age (GA) and five fetal biometric measurements. However, the global longitudinal strain, basal-apical length fractional shortening (BAL-FS), BAL annular free wall and septal wall FS, BAL free wall and septal wall annular plane systolic excursions, 24-segment transverse width FS, as well as LV ejection fraction were all independent of GA or other somatic characteristics. There were varying development patterns between fetal right and left ventricles of these cardiac function indices across the gestation period. Our study created Z-score and corresponding centile calculators, 5th and 95th centile reference tables, and corresponding graphs and determined the normal evolution across gestation using multiple somatic growth and age variables between 17 and 24 gestational weeks. These nomograms serve as an essential prerequisite for quantitatively evaluating fetal cardiac contractility and allow for precisely detecting early changes in the fetal heart function. · Most fetal cardiac function measurements were correlated with all the independent variables.. · Fetal ventricular function parameters have their own characteristic maturation changes.. · Racial variability may not occupy an important place for fetal myocardial function during these GA..

Functional microbiome of Ananas spp. as growth-promoting agent in pineapple BRS Imperial

The pineapple cv. BRS Imperial developed by Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura has excellent agronomical and sensorial attributes with great market acceptance. However, the cultivation of plants is time-consuming with low performance and slow growth, limiting adoption especially by large-scale pineapple growers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the growth potential of bacteria from the associated microbiome of Ananas spp. in order to validate its application in different stages of cultivation (semi-field, in vitro and greenhouse), for the production of seedlings on a large scale. Eighteen treatments consisting each of a different bacteria from the biological collection of microorganisms associated with the Ananas genus, were tested under semi-field conditions. Three treatments (BAC25, BAC222 and BAC406) were selected to validate the microbiolization process of pineapple seedlings from the cv. BRS Imperial in vitro (rooting stage) and in vivo (acclimatization in the greenhouse) together with a mixed treatment (composed by the combination of the three bacteria) and a control treatment (untreated plants). The in vitro cultivation was carried out in commercial substrate autoclaved with MS nutrient medium where bacterial suspensions were added according to the treatments mentioned above. Each treatment consisted of 120 replicates, totaling 600 experimental units. The evaluations were carried out at weekly intervals for a period of 42 days, when destructive analyses were performed. The remaining plants were transferred to the greenhouse and evaluated from this stage until complete acclimatization. For the in vivo validation, the bacterial suspensions were applied to the substrates contained in plastic cups, with pineapple seedlings of the cv. 'BRS Imperial', totaling 200 plants per treatment. The evaluations consisted of measuring growth variables and destructive analysis. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and the means grouped by the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. The BAC25, BAC222 and BAC406 treatments promoted plant growth and biomass increment in semi-field conditions. BAC406 was the most promising in promoting growth of pineapple seedlings in vitro, while BAC222 was the best treatment for the in vivo cultivation. The results obtained demonstrate that the bacteria tested have great potential for use in the different stages of cultivation of micropropagated seedlings, improving growth, health and vigor of plants.

Analysis the Poverty Level in Jambi Province, Indonesia

This research has purposed: 1) Revealing and analyze those impact from original local government revenue towards the poverty level in Jambi Province; 2) Discovered and analyze those impact from economic growth towards poverty level in Jambi Province; 3) Determined and analyze those simultaneously impact from original local government revenue and economic growth towards the poverty level in Jambi Province. These research analysis techniques used was multiple linear regression analysis by compared to the result of data panel analysis. According to the results from partial and simultaneous tests it said that original local government revenue and economic growth variables both individually or simultaneously have a significant affect towards the poverty level in Jambi Province. These panel data analysis results found if the Human development index, Economic growth and Educational level in Jambi has a significant affect towards the poverty level in Jambi Province.

Pengaruh jarak tanam dan penggunaan pupuk hayati terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Varietas Bali Karet

This study aims to analyze the interaction of plant spacing and use of biological fertilizers on the growth and yield of shallot (Allium ascalonicum L) and analyze one or more spacing and doses of biological fertilizers that have a better effect on the growth and yield of shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.). This research was conducted in the experimental land of the Gunung Sari farmer group in Sukasari Kaler Village, Agrapura District, Kab. Majalengka. This study used a factorial randomized block design (RAK) method with 12 treatments, each treatment repeated 3 times. Differences in the effect of treatment were tested with the F test at the 5% level. When F hits > F table, then the test is continued to determine the effect between treatments that cause differences in diversity with Duncan's multiple range test at the 5% level. The results showed that all spacing treatments without the application of biological fertilizers gave the lowest results for all observed variables, both growth and yield variables. While the best results were shown by the application of biological fertilizers at a dose of 75 grams for all spacing applications, both spacing of 10 cm x 15 cm, 10 cm x 20 cm or 10 cm x 25 cm on the average of the observed variables.

Pengaruh Konservatisme Akuntansi, Pertumbuhan Perusahaan dan Risiko Bisnis terhadap Income Smoothing

Purpose: This study aims to determine the effect of accounting conservatism, company growth and business risk toward income smoothing. This study uses accounting conservatism, company growth and business risk as independent variables. While income smoothing is the dependent variable. The research population is a coal mining company listed on the IDX as 22 companies. The research sample consisted of 9 companies obtained by using the purposive sampling method. The research sample consisted of 9 companies obtained by using the purposive sampling method Methodology/approach: The research method uses multiple linear regression. Results/findings: The results showed that partially the accounting conservatism variable and the firm growth variable did not have any significant effect on income smoothing, while the business risk variable had a significant effect on income smoothing. Simultaneously accounting conservatism variables, company growth and business risk have a significant effect on income smoothing. Advice for companies is to maintain business risk in order to keep investor confidence in the company.

HUBUNGAN KETEPATAN PENGELUARAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH BERDASARKAN FUNGSI ANGGARAN TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT DAERAH TERTINGGAL

One of the main problems in underdeveloped areas is the low level of social welfare. To overcome this problem, the government allocates expenditure funds as a funding instrument to improve people's welfare. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the accuracy of government budget spending by function in 122 underdeveloped regions in Indonesia with using the three indicators of the human development index (IPM) (indicators of health, education, and economy) as benchmarks for assessing people's welfare. According to previous studies, the variables of poverty and population growth are also included in this study as control variables. This research method is a multiple linear analysis with the selected model, namely the fixed effect model. The data used is panel data which consists of 122 data in underdeveloped areas over a period of 4 years. The results showed that the probability value of local government spending according to the economic function was 0.0473 bigger 5% with a regression coefficient of 0.003102. The results of these statistics conclude that there is a correlation between the accuracy of the economic function of regional government budget spending which is significant for the welfare of disadvantaged areas.

Determinants of Income Inequality in Yogyakarta Special Region Province Viewed from Jasser Auda Maqashid Syari'ah

This study aims to analyze the determinants of income inequality in the province of the Special Region of Yogyakarta in terms of Jasser Auda's maqashid shari'ah. The study was carried out as a quantitative method using secondary data in the type of time series for the 2014-2020 period. The results of the E-views 10 study show positive results on the economic growth variable on income inequality in the DI Yogyakarta province. Then the variables that have no effect on income inequality are population and education. Maqashid syari'ah is a relevant approach as a basis for expanding economic development. The wholeness approach is believed to be better at monitoring the causes and effects of events such as the inequality that occurred in the province of DI Yogyakarta. The government is expected to adopt policies to improve economic stability in the DI Yogyakarta province. This study is expected to be a reference material and information for policy makers in making decisions. For further researchers, they can add related variables from this study in order to add novelty in follow-up studies.

Identifying the Factors of Public Relations Activities & its Impact on the Growth of SSIS in India

Purpose of Research: This study intends to investigate the numerous factors that influence the public relations drivers in the operations of small-scale industries in India, as well as the effect of PR activities on the growth variables of SSIs. Theoretical framework: Yet India's small-scale manufacturers struggle with large-scale selling and marketing activities. SSIs cannot afford expensive advertising and adequate distribution of goods, therefore PR can be cheaper and more effective (Adrian, Jamilah, & Ahmad, 2015). SSI owners must focus online as lifestyles and shopping patterns change (Widiastini et al., 2023) Promoting the industry and its products, creating relationships with key actors, and regulating communication might assist overcome these hurdles. A good PR can assist SSI in competing with larger companies (Thirumal, 2013). PR factors and Indian SSI growth must be examined. Design/ Methodology/ Approach: The quantitative study used primary and secondary data to gather all relevant data. Standardised questionnaires and interviews will capture primary data. Madhya Pradesh SSI owners and founders will represent. Examine 500 people with cluster sampling Technique. Findings: As a Result, identity media, publications, events, the internet, sponsorship, and public service activities are all significant determinants of SSI expansion in India. Researchers examined the global effect of public relations initiatives (except identity media) on the expansion of SSI in India (Special reference to Madhya Pradesh. Research, Practical & Social Implications: Future research, SSIs, and India are affected by the study on public relations and SSIs. Other factors affecting public relations success can be studied and assessment tools developed. SSIs should invest in PR, stakeholder relations, and strategy to grow. Originality/Value: This study's novelty and significance reside in its understanding of the aspects that affect public relations' promotion of India's small-scale industries (SSIs). By identifying public relations success criteria, this study helps SSIs improve brand image, visibility, and customer acquisition. This study's SSI implications can assist India's small business sector grow, providing jobs, economic activity, and better living conditions.

Pengaruh Pemberian Berbagai Pupuk Organik pada Media Tanam Pasir Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Pakcoy (Brassica Rapa)

Organic fertilizers are materials derived from plant residues, and animal waste, both those that have undergone decomposition and those that are undergoing a decomposition process that functions to add nutrients. Substantially organic fertilizers are composed of humus and non-humus materials so that they can improve marginal soils and sand-dominated soils. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of various organic fertilizers on sand planting media, and to determine the growth response of pakcoy on various types of organic fertilizers. The research was conducted at the Field Laboratory I Experimental Garden and Agrotechnology Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Halu Oleo University, the research took place from September to November 2020. This study was arranged in a randomized group design (RAK) with the treatment of various organic fertilizers, which were divided into; no organic fertilizer/control (B0), cow manure (B1), chicken manure (B2), comba-sheep green manure (B3), calopogonium green manure (B4). Each treatment was repeated four times as a group, resulting in 20 experimental units. Each experimental unit consisted of six polybags, resulting in a total of 120 polybags of pakcoy plants. The variables observed were plant height, number of leaves, fresh weight and dry weight of pakcoy plants. The results showed that organic fertilizer had a very significant effect on all observed growth variables of pakcoy plants. Cow manure treatment in the first and second week plant height variables showed the highest value (5.04 cm, and 6.71 cm). But in general, in the third to fifth week, the average chicken manure gave the highest growth response on the variable of plant height, number of leaves, fresh weight and dry weight of pakcoy plants.

Analysis of Tobin's Q, Market to Book Value of Equity and Profitability (ROA), on Asset Growth in Property Companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX)

This study aims to determine, analyze, and test Tobin's q, market-to-book value of equity and profitability (ROA), on asset growth in property companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach with the support of a panel regression model, which is used as a predictive analysis tool. The sampling technique used a non-probability random sampling approach with a purposive sampling method. The results of this study indicate that the independent variables (Tobin's q (TQ), MBV, and ROA) both simultaneously or together and partially or individually have no effect on the dependent variable (asset growth). The R square value, or the coefficient of determination (R2), is 0.54. This shows the ability of Tobin's q (TQ), MBV, and ROA to explain the growth of assets of property companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange by 54%, or, in other words, the ability of Tobin's q (TQ), MBV, and ROA to have an effect of 54% on asset growth variables. Meanwhile, the remaining 46% is influenced by other variables not discussed in this study.

Analisis Pengaruh Sales Growth Dan Firm Size Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Pada PT.Primarindo Asia Infrastruktur Tbk

This study aims to examine the effect of sales growth and firm size on firm value. This type of research includes quantitative research using secondary data obtained from the analysis of financial statements on the website www.idx.co.id. The population in this research is the financial statements of PT. Primarindo Asia Infrastructure Tbk for 12 years (2013-2023). The method used in selecting the sample was purposive sampling and determining the sample based on the criteria set by the researcher with a 10-year sample. Based on secondary results of data processing using multiple linear regression analysis, F test, t test, it is known that sales growth and firm size simultaneously have a significant effect on firm value. Partially, the results of this study indicate that the sales growth variable has no positive and significant effect on firm value. Meanwhile, firm size has a negative and significant effect on firm value. Sales growth and company size have a positive and significant effect on firm value.

Dampak Pertumbuhan Ekonomi terhadap Ketimpangan Pendapatan dan Kemiskinan di Indonesia

The VAR (Vector Autoregressions) model is one of the analytical models that can be used for time series data analysis. The VAR model in this study does not need to classify endogenous or exogenous variables in its analysis. The variables used in this research are economic growth, income inequality, and poverty. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of economic growth on income inequality and poverty in Indonesia, the data used is annual data from 1996 to 2022. The stationarity test in this study shows that the data is not stationary at levels using the ADF (Augmented Dickey Fuller) test method. ) and the data shows stationary when the first differentiation is performed (First Difference). The results of the Johansen Test cointegration test show that the data is cointegrated or has a long-term relationship between variables so that the appropriate analysis model to use is the VECM (Vector Error Correction Model) model because the non-cointegration requirements are not met. The causality test was carried out using the Causality Granger method between variables showing that there is causality between the variables of economic growth and poverty.

Assessment of Early Growth Response of Albizia lebbeck to Different Seed Sources, Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers in the Nursery

A field experiment was carried out to assess the effects of seed source, NPK fertilizer and organic fertilizers on the early growth parameters of womens toung (Alibizia lebbeck). The experiment was conducted at the Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Agriculture Shabu- Lafia Campus, Nasarawa State University Keffi. It was laid out in a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD), analyzed with respect to three sources of seed and three (3) types of manure, the growth variables measured were: plant height, collar girth, leaves number, leave length, and leave width. The results of parameter assessed on the basis of locations shows that seedlings from Wamba had the highest mean height of 8.19±2.60cm at 14 week, closely followed by seedling from Keffi with mean height of 7.93±2.36cm while seedling from Lafia had the least mean height of 7.32±2.23cm. The result of leave count revealed that seedling from Wamba had the highest leave count of 90.71±41.72 followed by Keffi with 81.84±39.39 while leave count of seedlings from Lafia had the least leave count of 77.71±35.83. The result of growth variables revealed that, Albizialebbeck seedlings treated with NPKwere7.66±2.18cm for height, 1.68±0.48mm for collar girth, 95.42±38.81 for number of leaf, 1.39±0.54cmfor leave length while mean value of seedlings treated with poultry dropping were 8.65±2.76cm for height, 1.83±0.46mm for collar girth, 101.01±38.48 for number of leaves, 1.47±0.58cm for leave length while mean value of seedlings treated with cow dung were 8.45±1.99cm for height, 1.55±0.49mm for collar girth 85.91±23.42 for number of leaves, and 1.23±0.53cm for leave length. The result of the ANOVA revealed that, the effects of location and all the treatments were highly significant on plant height, collar girth, number of leaves, leave length and leave width respectively at P<0.05 probability level. It is evidence from this study that seeds from different source demonstrated different growth performance. It also showed that organic manure (poultry dropping) support rapid growth of Albizialebbeck seedlings more appropriately in the nursery.

Botanical and physiological parameters response of black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars under increasing boron concentrations

Argentina is one of the five leading exporters of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) worldwide. Although common bean has been characterized as sensitive to boron toxicity, its production is often subjected to high boron concentrations. The aim of this study was to provide detailed information on the impact of increasing boron concentrations (0.5–8.0 mg L−1) on germination, growth, and root anatomy of two black bean cultivars (Leales 24 and Uirapurú) frequently produced in Argentina. Standard germination assays and pot greenhouse experiments were conducted. Radicles obtained in germination assays were used to make cross sections, which were analyzed under the microscope to identify anatomical alterations. Increasing boron concentrations had no effect on germination variables. In contrast, most of the growth variables analyzed (height, leaf area, fresh and dry weight, and water content) showed a steady decrease for boron concentrations above 1.0 mg L−1. Tissue boron concentrations showed an increase when boron concentrations increased. At the microscopic level, there seemed to be a decreasing trend in xylem vessel diameter. Our results suggest that boron concentrations above 1.0 and 2.0 mg L−1 may cause considerable growth and yield decreases in Uirapurú and Leales 24, respectively, thus affecting Argentinian bean production. Additionally, our results suggest that Leales 24 is moderately sensitive to boron toxicity and is best adapted for production in areas with higher boron concentrations. These findings highlight the importance of evaluating boron concentrations in soils and irrigation water in agricultural areas, and selecting cultivars best adapted to local conditions as tools for obtaining higher yields.

THE APPLICATION OF BABADOTAN (AGERATUM CONYZOIDES, L) EXTRACT PGPR WITH DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS AND INTERVALS ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF TOMATO (LYCOPERCUM ESCULENTUM, MILL)


 This study aims to determine the effect of babadotan PGPR application with different concentrations and intervals on the growth and yield of tomato plants. This research was conducted at the Plant Production Laboratory, Department of Food Crops and Horticulture, Kupang State Agricultural Polytechnic in April-November 2021. The design used was a factorial randomized block design. The first factor was the PGPR concentration which consisted of 5 levels, namely 0 ml/L, 5 ml/L, 10 ml/L, 15 ml/L and 20 ml/L; while the second factor is the PGPR concentration interval which consists of 3 levels, namely 1, 2 and 3 weeks. Each factor was repeated three times so that the total number of experimental units was (5 x 3) x 3 = 45 experimental units. Observational variables of tomato growth include plant height, number of leaves and plant stem diameter. While the yield observation variables include the number of fruit and fruit weight of tomato plants. The data obtained were analyzed using the F test. If there were significant differences between the factors tested, then the analysis was continued with the BNT test. The results showed that the concentration of PGPR from babadotan extract 20 ml/liter with intervals every 2 weeks had a significant effect on plant height at 6 WAP and stem diameter at 6 MST. Differences in the concentration of PGPR in babadotan extract and the interval of application significantly affected the weight per fruit of tomato plants.

Overnight warming negatively impacts growth and reproduction in Brassica rapa

Temperature plays a central role in plant growth and development. As global warming has increased, heat stress has become an increasingly pressing issue that influences plant growth, reproduction, and crop yield. One-hundred and thirty Brassica rapa plants were examined in this experiment to investigate the effects of overnight warming on temperate species. It was hypothesized that the elevated overnight temperature would have significant effects on the plant growth, reproduction, and seed viability of B. rapa. The B. rapa seeds were measured as two groups: a control group with conditions of 27°C for 14 daytime hours and 20°C for 10 overnight hours, and an experimental group with conditions of 27°C for 14 daytime hours and 24°C for 10 overnight hours. Weekly, stem height, width, chlorophyll content, and leaf area were measured for growth variables. A count of buds, flowers, and seed pods were obtained weekly beginning in the second week. Aboveground biomass was harvested to determine productivity for vegetative and reproductive plant products. Results showed plants grown with an elevated overnight temperature were shorter, had narrower stems, shorter leaves and produced less aboveground biomass compared to the control plants. Experimental plants produced wider leaves with a higher chlorophyll content, more flowers and created seeds with a greater average seed biomass than the control plants. There was no difference in germinability between the control and experimental groups. Results suggest differential physiological responses of growth and reproductive organs in response to stress associated with warmer overnight temperatures.

Synergistic Effects of Kaolin and Silicon Nanoparticles for Ameliorating Deficit Irrigation Stress in Maize Plants by Upregulating Antioxidant Defense Systems.

Water deficit is a significant environmental stress that has a negative impact on plant growth and yield. In this research, the positive significance of kaolin and SiO2 nanoparticles in moderating the detrimental effects of water deficit on maize plant growth and yield is investigated. The foliar application of kaolin (3 and 6%) and SiO2 NPs (1.5 and 3 mM) solutions increased the growth and yield variables of maize plants grown under normal conditions (100% available water) and drought stress conditions (80 and 60% available water (AW)). In addition, plants treated with SiO2 NPs (3 mM) demonstrated increased levels of important osmolytes, such as proline and phenol, and maintained more of their photosynthetic pigments (net photosynthetic rate (PN), stomatal conductance (gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), and transpiration rate (E)) than with other applied treatments under either stress or non-stress conditions. Furthermore, the exogenous foliar application of kaolin and SiO2 NPs also reduced the amounts of hydroxyl radicals (OH), superoxide anions (O2), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and lipid peroxidation in maize plants experiencing a water deficit. In contrast, the treatments led to an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as peroxidase (POX), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione peroxidase (GR), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Overall, our findings indicate the beneficial impact of the application of kaolin and silicon NPs, particularly the impact of SiO2 NPs (3 mM) on managing the negative, harmful impacts of soil water deficit stress in maize plants.

The Effect of Water Weed (Pistia stratiotes) Bokashi on The Growth of Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.)

Fertilizers are very important nutrients added to plants. Bokashi fertilizer is an organic fertilizer that is very useful when applied to plants because it contains beneficial microorganisms that are able to provide plant nutrients through the recycling process and form a soil structure that is suitable for plant growth. This study aimed to determine the growth of pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) by the application of water weed (Pistia stratiotes) bokashi. The research method used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) of two factors with three replications. The treatment factors consisted of water weed (Pistia stratiotes) bokashi doses of P0, P1, P2 and P3 (0, 10, 20, and 30 ton.ha-1), and bokashi time application of T1, T2 and T3 (14 days before planting, 7 days before planting, at the same time as planting). The size of the plot is 1 m × 1 m and in 1 plot there are 12 plants. Data observed in this study consisted of growth variables analysed using Analysis of Variance and continued with the Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at ? = 5%. Results of this study showed that the dose of bokashi water weed (Pistia stratiotes) treatment was 20 ton.ha-1 (P2), bokashi time application was 7 days before planting (T2), and the interaction gave a very significant effect on all growth observation variables including plant length, number of leaves, and area leaf.

PENGARUH EKSEKUTIF WANITA, STRUKTUR MODAL, DAN PERTUMBUHAN LABA TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS

The purpose of this study is to find out empirically about the influence of female executives, capital structure, and profit growth on financial distress either partially or simultaneously in retail sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2015-2019 period. This research uses causal-comparative research which is used to determine the causal relationship between two or more variables. The sample in this study is retail companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2015-2019 period using the purposive sampling method. There are 10 companies that meet the criteria of the research sample, so the sample is 50 financial statements. The results showed that partially there was a capital structure variable (debt to equity ratio) that had a negative effect on financial distress, profit growth variables had a negative effect on financial distress, and female executives had no effect on financial distress. Keywords: Female Executives, Capital Structure, Profit Growth, Financial Distress

Light sources indoor benefit the growth and development of pepper cultivars

Light is a determining factor in plant morphophysiology, as it influences the growth and development of agricultural crops. Thus, the objective was to investigate the effects of light sources on the growth and development of “biquinho” pepper cultivars. The experiment was performed in two stages (Exp1 and Exp2), evaluating two cultivars (BRS Moema; Airetama biquinho) in five light sources (white LEDs, red LEDs, blue LEDs, red/blue LEDs, and fluorescent lamps). In Exp1 the plants were kept in a controlled condition, with a completely randomized design, in a 2x5 factorial scheme (cultivars x light sources) until 76 days after emergence (DAE), in which growth variables and photosynthetic pigments were evaluated. In Exp2, the plants were removed from the above conditions and transplanted in pots, being kept in greenhouse for more 76 DAE. At 152 DAE, the same variables as Exp1 were evaluated, as well as gain of shoot fresh and dry mass, and gain of root fresh and dry mass. In both experiments, growth variables were affected by cultivar and the light sources, however, the behavior did not follow the same trend for all variables, indicating that the light quality influences the growth of the crops, and impacting during greenhouse conditions.