Variability In Production Research Articles

What weeding robots need to know about ecology

In weed control the aims of securing crop productivity and protecting biodiversity are often difficult to reconcile. Currently, the development of autonomous in-field intervention technology, such as field robots, is creating new potential for minimizing trade-offs between these two aims. To exploit this potential, weed management strategies need to adapt. However, it is currently unclear which kind of input information (e.g. weed cover, number of weeds, weed species identity) is required for such a targeted approach, and which impacts the robotic application has on the trade-off between crop yield and biodiversity. Here, we used a dataset from organically farmed fields to assess several weed management strategies, simulating robot-supported weed control. Specifically, we used within-field heterogeneity of several weed and crop productivity variables to model effects of different kinds of input information for a hypothetical, spatially selective robotic weed control system. The results showed that, at a defined yield loss, gamma diversity (number of weed species on the entire investigated area) is maintainable to a large degree, even without information on weed or crop heterogeneity within the field being used to decide where to weed. However, to maintain alpha diversity (average number of weed species per plot), more spatially explicit input information is required, such as on the number of species per plot, weed quantity (weed cover per species), and weed competitiveness. Consequently, a weeding robot would have to be technically capable of distinguishing between individual weed species, measuring weed cover, processing captured information in real time and removing weeds at per-plant level. Further, it could be shown that the success of such a complex weed management strategy is independent of the degree of spatial heterogeneity of crop yield and of the present level of weed species richness.

Individual differences in children's movement variability in a virtual reality playground task

Children's movements are highly complex, and thus require measurements that capture various gross motor strategies. This study examined whether aspects of individual differences in children's gross motor movement patterns could be captured in virtual reality (VR) and how motor movements could be conceptualized through freezing-freeing patterns of degrees of freedom. To this end, a three-minute VR scenario was developed for children to freely explore, play, and move around without further instructions, and their movement strategies were simultaneously captured by a non-invasive inertial motion capture system. Sixty-four children aged 7–10 (boys: n = 37, girls: n = 27) participated. The results of correlational and principal component analysis (PCA) on measures of variability of upper extremities indicated significant relationships between nearly all measures (r = 0.31–0.69, p < 0.05). Similarly, a PCA on variability from joint movements in the lower extremities indicated relatively high intercorrelations (r = 0.31–0.71, p < 0.01). A pattern of four different variability profiles was indicated in the interrelationship between the upper and lower body. These findings emphasize the value of using innovative measurements and whole-body motion capture to disentangle individual differences in children's movement variability in product- and process-oriented assessments of gross motor competence.

Random Forest Analysis of Exogenous Variables Impacting Rice Production in the Philippines

This research examines the relationship of rice production as the endogenous variable in a production function theory that considers key exogenous factors such as fertilizer consumption, irrigation water use, agricultural machinery, poverty rate, and agricultural land area. The study reveals the interdependencies shaping rice production in the Philippines. Applying the Cobb- Douglas function enhanced through the random forest regression algorithm establishes fertilizer consumption's focal role, focusing its essential impact on rice yields. Proper allocation of irrigation, access to agriculture machinery, poverty alleviation, and effective land use appear as significant contributors to overall production, defining 98% of the variability in rice production in random forests in both the in-sample and out-of-sample results. The findings emphasize the necessity for holistic strategies in agricultural planning, aiming for targeted interventions in fertilizer management, irrigation infrastructure, mechanized farming, poverty alleviation, and land-use.

Investigating the role of hydrological connectivity on the processing of organic carbon in tropical aquatic ecosystems

Inland waters are highways of carbon and nutrient flows between the land and ocean. Aquatic environments integrate multiple sources and processes over space and time that influence ecosystem functionality. The complexity of these systems and their multiple interactions with the surrounding environment are conceptualised, but often lack empirical scrutiny that allows further understanding of how inland waters mobilise, transport, and utilise carbon and nutrients. This is particularly evident in tropical waters. Here, we apply advanced geochemical analyses of dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition in conjunction with algal pigment biomarkers, to determine the seasonal variability of organic matter production, processing and export for a tropical, floodpulse wetland, Tasik Chini (Malaysia). We identify two phases in the hydrological cycle: Phase 1 signifying a transition from the wet season with high suspended sediment and dissolved organic carbon concentrations. DOM is composed of humic substances, building blocks and lower molecular weight compounds. Towards the end this phase then are periods of increased water clarity and algal productivity. This is followed by Phase 2, which has a greater contribution of autochthonous DOM, composed of proteinaceous material, concomitant with lower dissolved nutrient concentrations, increased mixotrophic algae and emergent vegetation. Based on this framework, we highlight the role of such tropical wetland lakes as hydrological “bottlenecks,” through a lentic/lotic switch that shifts aquatic transport of carbon and nutrients from lateral river continuum supply to flood pulses. We highlight the need to consider inherent biases of spatial and temporal scaling when examining freshwater ecosystems along the land-ocean aquatic continuum.

Analysis of Factors That Influence the Provincial Minimum Wage in SUMBAGSEL

This research plans to look for the influence of the SUMBAGSEL Province Minimum Wage variable from 2015 to 2022. For this examination, the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) panel data is investigated. For this research, we used secondary data (time series) from 2015–2022. Apart from that, we used cross section data from five provinces in SUMBAGSEL, namely Bengkulu, Lampung, South Sumatra, Jambi and the Bangka Belitung Islands. We also used the EVIEWS version 12 program. This test shows that the Gross Regional Domestic Product variable has a significant positive effect on the Provincial Minimum Wage in SUMBAGSEL, Per Capita Consumption does not have a significant effect on the Provincial Minimum Wage in SUMBAGSEL, and the inflation and CPI variables have a significant negative effect. at the Provincial Minimum Wage in SUMBAGSEL

Stronger increases but greater variability in global mangrove productivity compared to that of adjacent terrestrial forests.

Mangrove forests are a highly productive ecosystem with important potential to offset anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. Mangroves are expected to respond differently to climate change compared to terrestrial forests owing to their location in the tidal environment and unique ecophysiological characteristics, but the magnitude of difference remains uncertain at the global scale. Here we use satellite observations to examine mean trends and interannual variability in the productivity of global mangrove forests and nearby terrestrial evergreen broadleaf forests from 2001 to 2020. Although both types of ecosystem experienced significant recent increases in productivity, mangroves exhibited a stronger increasing trend and greater interannual variability in productivity than evergreen broadleaf forests on three-quarters of their co-occurring coasts. The difference in productivity trends is attributed to the stronger CO2 fertilization effect on mangrove photosynthesis, while the discrepancy in interannual variability is attributed to the higher sensitivities to variations in precipitation and sea level. Our results indicate that mangroves will have a faster increase in productivity than terrestrial forests in a CO2-rich future but may suffer more from deficits in water availability, highlighting a key difference between terrestrial and tidal ecosystems in their responses to climate change.

Multiple administrations of bovine-appeasing substance during a 42-d preconditioning program followed by feedlot receiving and its effects on physiologic, health, and performance responses of feeder cattle.

This experiment evaluated the effects of multiple bovine-appeasing substance (BAS) administration during a 42-d preconditioning program followed by a feedlot receiving period on productivity, health, and physiological variables of feeder cattle. Ninety calves were weaned, weighed, loaded into a livestock trailer, transported for 70 km, and unloaded at the Bozeman Agricultural Research and Teaching Farm for a 42-d preconditioning program. Upon arrival, calf body weight (BW) was recorded again, and both pre- and post-transport BWs were averaged and used as calf weaning initial BW. Calves were ranked by BW, sex, and age in a completely randomized design and assigned to receive 1) multiple administrations of BAS at weaning (day 0), days 14, 28, and before transport and feedlot entry (day 42; BAS; RSEA Group, Quartier Salignan, France; n = 9 pens/treatment), or 2) placebo (diethylene glycol monoethyl ether; CON; n = 9 pens/treatment). Treatments (5mL) were applied to the nuchal skin area of each animal during the preconditioning period. Calves within treatment groups were ranked again by initial BW, sex, and age, in a manner that pens have similar initial BW, age, and three steers and two heifers and allocated to 1 of the18 drylot pens. On day 42, calves were combined within the treatment group, loaded into two different single double-deck commercial livestock trailers, and transported for 1,000 km (approximately 16h). Upon arrival (day 43), calves were unloaded at the same feedyard. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, 43, 46, 50, 57, 64, and 90. Average daily gain, final BW, and feed efficiency did not differ (P > 0.52) between BAS and CON calves in the preconditioning and receiving phases. A treatment × day interaction was detected (P < 0.001) for plasma haptoglobin concentrations, which was greater (P < 0.01) in CON on days 3 and 7 vs. BAS calves. During the preconditioning phase, serum NEFA concentration was reduced (P < 0.01) in BAS on day 3 compared with CON calves. A treatment × day interaction was detected (P = 0.001) for exit velocity, which was greater (P < 0.001) for CON vs. BAS calves on days 3, 7, 14, and 21 during the preconditioning phase and on day 46 of the receiving phase. Therefore, Applications of BAS reduced immunological responses and exit velocity associated with stress caused by management practices, but did not improve performance during the preconditioning and receiving phases.

The Effect of Work Discipline on the Work Productivity of PT. Dayup Indo Jakarta

The purpose of this study is to determine work discipline on the work productivity of PT. Dayup Indo Jakarta. This study used quantitative descriptive methods with data collection techniques through the distribution of questionnaires, and library data. In this study using a saturated sampling method used a total of 38 employees of PT. Dayup Indo Jakarta, using simple linear regression data analysis techniques. The results of this study show that there is an influence between work discipline on the work productivity of PT. Dayup Indo Jakarta and work discipline have a moderate positive effect and have an influence contribution of 31.6% on employee work productivity variables. The results of this study are expected to contribute to future research.

DETERMINAN EKSPOR LADA INDONESIA PERIODE 2009-2019: STUDI KASUS 10 MITRA DAGANG

One of the flagship commodities with great potential for Indonesia's economic growth is black pepper (Piper nigrum L). The importance of maintaining Indonesia's competitiveness in black pepper exports, both in the domestic and international markets, has increased in tandem with the rising export volume, with the primary determinant of its competitiveness being the demand for black pepper. Data from the 2021 plantation balance sheet recorded black pepper exports at 39,961.36 tons and black pepper imports at 295.37 tons, while tea exports reached 46,003.88 tons with tea imports at 10,442.75 tons. This research aims to analyze the influence of factors such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP), exchange rate, tariffs, and distance on Indonesian black pepper exports, adopting a research model similar to the one used by Shepotylo (2012), which utilizes econometric modeling, with a quantitative and descriptive analysis approach. The research results indicate that the Gross Domestic Product variable has a negative and significant impact on Export Value, with a probability value of t &lt; 0.05, indicating a significant influence. On the other hand, the Exchange Rate and Tariff variables have a negative but non-significant impact on Export Value, with a probability value of t &gt; 0.05, indicating their lack of significance. Furthermore, the research findings also reveal that the Distance variable has a significant negative impact on Export Value, with a probability value of t &lt; 0.05, indicating a significant influence.

The Effect of Training on Employee Productivity at PT Atrust Mitra Usaha Indonesia Ice Tea Division Jabodetabek

The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of training on employee work productivity at PT. Atrust Mitra UsahaIndonesian Ice Tea Division Jabodetabek This research uses quantitative descriptive methods with data collection techniques through distributing questionnaires and library data. This research uses the method saturated sampling which are used in total 74 employees at PT. Atrust Mitra Usaha Indonesian Ice Tea Division Jabodetabek, using simple linear regression data analysis techniques. The results of this research show that there is an influence between training and performance work productivity positive influence strong and has an influential contribution of 68,2% on work productivity variables. It is hoped that the results of this research will contribute to further research.

The Effect of Turnover Intention on Employee Productivity of PT. Bangun Bersama Computindo Jakarta

The aim of this research is to determine the effect of turnover intention on employee productivity PT. Bangun Bersama Computindo Jakarta. This research uses a quantitative descriptive method with data collection techniques through distributing questionnaires and library data. In this study, the sample used the Slovin formula 55 employees on variable turnover PT. Bangun Bersama Computindo Jakarta, using simple linear regression data analysis techniques. The results of this research show that there is no influence between turnover intention to employee productivity, and variable turnover intention has a correlation currently and has an influential contribution of 19,7% on employee productivity variables. It is hoped that the results of this research will contribute to further research.

The Influence of The Work Environment on Employee Work Productivity at PT. Sahih Arta Logistics

The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of the work environment on employee productivity at PT. Sahih Arta Logistics. This study used quantitative descriptive methods with data collection techniques through the distribution of questionnaires, and library data. In this study using a saturated sampling method used amounting to 35 employees at PT. Sahih Arta Logistics, using simple linear regression data analysis techniques. The results of this study show that there is an influence between the work environment on work productivity which has a very strong positive effect and has an influence contribution of 87.8% on work productivity variables. The results of this study are expected to contribute to future research.

Evaluation of the Judicial Human Resources Productivity Model Using Structural Equations

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the judicial human resources productivity model using structural equations. Methodology: This study utilized a quantitative-survey method with an applied objective. The statistical population included judges from across the country, with a sample size of 88 individuals selected randomly. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire based on qualitative findings and literature. The instrument's validity was established through face validity, and its reliability was confirmed with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.90. Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling (confirmatory factor analysis) with the Smart-PLSv3 software. Findings: The results indicated that organizational processes, with a coefficient of 0.422, had the greatest impact on judges' productivity, followed by information technology, with a coefficient of 0.354. Additionally, performance quality (0.588) had a significantly greater impact on judges' productivity compared to performance quantity (0.354), approximately 1.7 times more. It was determined that the factor loading of performance quality was approximately 2.8 times greater than that of performance quantity. Furthermore, the results showed that the explained variance of the productivity variable as the dependent (mediating) variable of this study was 47%. This means that the independent variables of the study collectively explained 47% of the changes in the judges' productivity variable. Conclusion: It can be concluded that to enhance the productivity of the country's judges, it is essential to focus on the highly impactful variables of organizational processes and information technology, as this can improve the quality of judges' services.

Sharia Property Business Development Strategy (Case Study: Tasnim Property)

Abstract. The Sharia property industry in Indonesia has increased exponentially in recent years. Many Association of Sharia Property Developers (ADPS) members have recorded significant home sales. However, it is different with Tasnim Property, which has experienced a decline in home sales. This research aims to analyze consumer behaviour in making home purchase decisions, analyze internal factors, analyze micro and macro external factors, formulate alternative strategies and formulate strategic priorities that can be applied to Tasnim Property's business development strategy. This research was conducted from November 2022 to September 2023 with quantitative and qualitative approaches. In consumer behaviour analysis, the sampling technique used voluntary sampling through an online survey involving 75 respondents, and data analysis used SEM-PLS to determine the direct effect of product, price, place and promotion variables on home purchase decisions. In the strategic management analysis, the sampling technique used purposive sampling involving 6 respondents. Data analysis used the IFE matrix, Porter's Five Forces, PESTLE, EFE matrix, IE matrix, SWOT and QSPM matrix. The results showed that the product and promotion variables significantly affected home purchasing decisions. In contrast, the price and place variables did not significantly affect home purchasing decisions. There are 8 alternative strategies that have been formulated, namely: (1) increasing cooperation with a large number of Sharia Property Agency partners, (2) a home sales strategy with a unit booking system through Virtual Reality technology, (3) increasing marketing activities through B2G, B2B and B2C cooperation offers, (4) recruiting professional and experienced CEOs in the property sector, (5) introducing Tasnim products by enlarging marketing areas, (6) implementing simplified licensing procedures through the OSS (Online Single Submission) application, related agencies in local governments and online PBG, (7) a strategy to buy materials directly from factories/distributors, and (8) establishing a research &amp; development division. The priority strategy that can be recommended for Tasnim Property is to increase cooperation with many Sharia Property Agency partners. This strategy is essential for the company to increase the market share of Sharia property with more massive and vigorous marketing efforts. Keywords: Business development strategy, sharia property, strategy formulation, consumer behaviour, purchase decision

Framework for Propagating Product Variability to Digital Assembly Instructions

As the amount of product iterations within high variety low volume assembly environments increases, the need for efficient management of variability and engineering changes within assembly instructions rises. This work proposes a methodology and a system architecture that facilitates the interplay between product lifecycle management (PLM) systems and digital assembly instructions, using an ISA-95 based data model. The framework consists of three main components: (1) a product variability model that integrates PLM information, (2) a digital instructions authoring tool, and (3) an assembly instruction variability model that connects to instruction platforms. Finally, the approach is applied to a validation case.

Produção de grãos verdes de feijão-caupi fertirrigado por gotejamento contínuo e pulsado

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the production of green cowpea beans under conventional fertilization, different fertigation depths, and replacement of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) through continuous and pulse drip irrigation. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with 12 treatments distributed in a 5x2+2 factorial arrangement, with five ETc replacement irrigation depths (40, 60, 80, 100, and 120%), combined with two types of fertigation application (pulse and continuous) plus two additional treatments with pulse (control 1) and continuous (control 2) irrigation at 100% of ETc under conventional fertilization. The analyzed variables were: number of pods, number of grains, fresh and dry mass of pods and grains, and total shoot fresh and dry mass. Cowpea showed a better productive performance at the fertigation depths between 80 and 100% of ETc. Moreover, pulse fertigation promotes higher yields for all production variables analyzed. Regardless of the type of application (pulse or continuous), the productive variables show better results at the fertigation depths estimated for maximum physical efficiency than in the treatments with conventional fertilization and irrigation with a depth of 100% of ETc.

Produtividade do milho com base em uma abordagem de regressão distribucional

Abstract The objective of this work was to propose the use of traditional models based on distributional regression models to analyze maize productivity. The experiment was carried out in an alpha lattice design, with three replicates and 24 blocks. Data used refer to 102 maize plants from the permanent collection of the Centro de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico para a Agricultura of the Universidade Federal de Lavras. For the maize productivity evaluation, the following explanatory variables were used: weight of 100 seed, plant height, ear height, and days to maturation. The initial analyses involved the fitting of four distributions (gamma, generalized gamma, inverse Gaussian, and generalized inverse Gaussian) to the data, in which the gamma distribution showed the best fit based on the Akaike and Bayesian information criteria (AIC and BIC). Cob height has a considerable influence on the productivity variability because as cob height increases, the productivity variability decreases, whereas the covariates weight of 100 seed and days to maturity explain the increasing average of the productivity. The residual analysis shows that the model based on gamma distribution is suitable for explaining the data and providing useful insights for agricultural research and practice.

DIFERENTES LOTES DE NÁUPLIOS DE Litopenaeus vannamei (BOONE, 1931) EM LARVICULTURA COMERCIAL

The study aimed to evaluate the influence of diferente batches of Litopenaeus vannamei nauplii on production variables. Four cultures of 20 days each of commercial hatchery were carried out. Each cycle had different batches of nauplii and all management and laboratory conditions were identical for the four cultures. The nauplii were randomly distributed in 15m3 culture tanks with storage at a minimum density of 200 nauplii/L and a maximum density of 217 nauplii/L. Temperature, salinity and pH parameters were measured daily. Analysis of naupliar phototaxism was carried out using a beaker and a lamp. At the end of culture, the postlarvae were harvested and transferred to 500-liter boxes. Subsequently, production and survival data were obtained from the m_sample value. The different batches were evaluated individually within each hatchery, with no comparison between cultures. Batches C1, B1, B2 and C2 had better productivity averages in cultures I, II, III and IV, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that different batches of nauplii influence different productive responses

Documenting and modeling the acoustic variability of intervocalic alveolar taps in conversational Peninsular Spanish.

This study constitutes an investigation into the acoustic variability of intervocalic alveolar taps in a corpus of spontaneous speech from Madrid, Spain. Substantial variability was documented in this segment, with highly reduced variants constituting roughly half of all tokens during spectrographic inspection. In addition to qualitative documentation, the intensity difference between the tap and surrounding vowels was measured. Changes in this intensity difference were statistically modeled using Bayesian finite mixture models containing lexical and phonetic predictors. Model comparisons indicate predictive performance is improved when we assume two latent categories, interpreted as two pronunciation variants for the Spanish tap. In interpreting the model, predictors were more often related to categorical changes in which pronunciation variant was produced than to gradient intensity changes within each tap type. Variability in tap production was found according to lexical frequency, speech rate, and phonetic environment. These results underscore the importance of evaluating model fit to the data as well as what researchers modeling phonetic variability can gain in moving past linear models when they do not adequately fit the observed data.

Energy storage via synthetic fuel gases in electrical systems

This article looks at energy storage in the form of gas (hydrogen or methane) to compensate for the variability of intermittent wind and photovoltaic production in electricity systems. (This method of storage and retrieval is known as “power-to-gas-to-power”). Energy storage for other applications, such as mobility, is not covered here.