Community Values Research Articles

Delayed onset of ocean acidification in the Gulf of Maine

The Gulf of Maine holds significant ecological and economic value for fisheries and communities in north-eastern North America. However, there is apprehension regarding its vulnerability to the effects of increasing atmospheric CO2. Substantial recent warming and the inflow of low alkalinity waters into the Gulf of Maine have raised concerns about the impact of ocean acidification on resident marine calcifiers (e.g. oysters, clams, mussels). With limited seawater pH records, the natural variability and drivers of pH in this region remain unclear. To address this, we present coastal water pH proxy records using boron isotope (δ11B) measurements in long-lived, annually banded, crustose coralline algae (1920–2018 CE). These records indicate seawater pH was low (~ 7.9) for much of the last century. Contrary to expectation, we also find that pH has increased (+ 0.2 pH units) over the past 40 years, despite concurrent rising atmospheric CO2. This increase is attributed to an increased input of high alkalinity waters derived from the Gulf Stream. This delayed onset of ocean acidification is cause for concern. Once ocean circulation-driven buffering effects reach their limit, seawater pH decline may occur swiftly. This would profoundly harm shellfisheries and the broader Gulf of Maine ecosystem.

S G ang Gwaay and World Heritage preservation in a time of climate change

S G ang Gwaay, a UNESCO World Heritage site located on Haida Gwaii (formerly the Queen Charlotte Islands), British Columbia, was inscribed as a World Heritage property with very little initial involvement of the Haida, the Indigenous descendant community native to Haida Gwaii who originally built and inhabited S G ang Gwaay. Since the site’s inscription, Haida have begun playing a major role in site management. The Haida have only agreed to non-invasive preservation on S G ang Gwaay due to their belief that the poles and structures that constitute S G ang Gwaay should return to the earth. This article argues that this belief, which conflicts with standard conservation practices, exemplifies a conflict of interest central to the World Heritage programme, ie whether precedence should be given to the values of rights-holding communities – whose interests may not align with site preservation – or to the longevity of the sites themselves. The accelerated rate of degradation brought on by climate change will force a compromise to be struck on how the site will be preserved, if at all.

Understanding household food waste using a psychographic segmentation: the cautious-engage-creative framework

ABSTRACT Cultural norms, traditions and values shape household food waste behaviours, but this perspective has received little attention. This article investigates household food waste from a cultural perspective and proposes a novel cautious-engage-creative framework based on diverse cultural community values. We conducted 18 focus groups with 151 respondents. Seven culturally focused food behaviour profiles were identified, including two segments reported by previous research: health-conscious consumers and time-poor consumers. Some of our findings echo the existing literature confirming the link between household size, a lack of cooking skills, convenience-seeking behaviour and food waste. We contribute by presenting five additional segments, specifically comfort eaters, family meal organisers, feasters, novices and snack junkies. We suggest targeted interventions under the cautious-engage-creative framework based on dominant behaviour characteristics within a segment. The findings suggest that the ‘cautious’ approach involves never shopping hungry, using food lists and boxes, considering hybrid meal plans for guests and experimenting with small packs of new foods. The ‘engage’ strategy focuses on learning food management skills and engaging children in food-related discussions. The ‘creative’ approach involves making healthy meals, including strategies to manage cravings, buying bulk and freezing food. Practical suggestions outlined within the framework present actionable steps for reducing food waste.

Supplemental Material for Who Cares About Caring? Gender Stereotypes About Communal Values Emerge Early and Predict Boys’ Prosocial Preferences

Supplemental Material for Who Cares About Caring? Gender Stereotypes About Communal Values Emerge Early and Predict Boys’ Prosocial Preferences

Challenges and Prospects of Young Women Entrepreneurs in Rural Bangladesh: A Study on Socio-Cultural Perspective

This study aims to explore the socio-cultural factors influencing young women entrepreneurs in rural Bangladesh, with a focus on uncovering both challenges and opportunities. The study seeks to create insights that align with national women and youth welfare strategies, offering actionable solutions to foster sustainable entrepreneurship. The primary objective of t5his study is to investigate the challenges faced by rural young women entrepreneurs, as well as to assess their socio-demographic status, the sources and impact of challenges, and potential opportunities. Specifically, the study examines the socio-cultural elements, supportive actors, and experiences of women entrepreneurs in rural areas, ultimately proposing policy recommendations for promoting sustainable entrepreneurship. Employing a mixed-method approach, the research integrates a survey of 500 participants from 10 villages and 20 in-depth case studies, ensuring both a broad and nuanced understanding of the issues at hand. The data reveals that 61% of respondents are married, with 42% having completed higher studies. Key challenges identified include family culture (81.6%), community values (67.4%), financial policies (90.8%), and family demotivation (91.2%) at the initial stage. Additional challenges include negative community attitudes (86.8%), security concerns (81.6%), male-dominated business environments, and limited financial support from family and institutions. Despite these barriers, the study uncovers promising prospects for women entrepreneurs, particularly in crafts and home-based industries (81.6% potential), tailoring and garment making (85.8%), and handicrafts production (81%). These sectors are seen as highly viable due to skill availability, cultural relevance, and export potential. The beauty and wellness industry are also emerging as a growing opportunity, with 81% rating it as a promising field. Supportive actors include government bodies, NGOs, microfinance institutions, and the private sector. The study concludes by urging these stakeholders, alongside development partners, to focus on addressing socio-cultural barriers to empower young women entrepreneurs in rural Bangladesh.

The Event within the Narrative: A Postmodernist Study of “The Most Handsome Drowned Man in the World” and “The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas”

Postmodernism critiques modernity’s grand narratives and utopias. The study is grounded in Jean Francois Lyotard’s postmodern theory, which examines how the differend and the event in narratives disrupt established norms and traditions. This research explores Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s “The Most Handsome Drowned Man in the World” alongside Ursula K. Le Guin’s “The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas” to discover the notions of postmodernism within the narratives. It is a qualitative study that employs narrative analysis to explore the postmodern concept of the event and the differend proposed by Jean-François Lyotard’s postmodernist theory. It reflects the postmodern scepticism towards grand narratives and embraces diversity and fragmented perspectives. The study highlights their contrasting responses to disruptive events. The arrival of a mysterious drowned man in a village is an event that ensues reevaluation of beauty, identity, and community values. Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s text builds around differend that challenge the nature of truth and societal constructions. Le Guin’s narrative probes individual moral agency, while Garcia Marquez emphasises communal transformation. The introduction of hidden suffering is an event in the narrative: a mentally impaired child confined to a basement whose misery sustains the idyllic existence of the city. This revelation challenges the idealised facade of Omelas, exposing a profound ethical dilemma. This paper enriches the existing scholarship by offering a comparative postmodernist analysis of these texts. Previously, both have been explored individually but not in relation to each other through the notions of the event and differend. The findings suggest that the arrival of a drowned man and the hidden suffering serve as events that prompt collective transformation and emphasise ethics for societal well-being. Both stories invite readers to question their ideologies and the utopia of the grand narratives.

From local solutions to catchment-wide management: an investigation of upstream-downstream trade-offs when scaling out nature-based flood risk management

ABSTRACT Natural flood management (NFM) is a nature-based solution (NbS) widely recognised as an option to regulate flooding whilst providing multiple ecosystem services (ES) for society and the environment. To address climate change-enhanced flood risk, localised-NFM could be scaled out (expanded geographically to the catchment level). Implementing catchment-scale NFM will not only change landscape appearance but also give rise to potential ES trade-offs between the ‘providers’ of upstream land for flood regulation and the ‘beneficiaries’ of reduced flooding downstream. This paper presents a live case study of four river catchments in the UK, where a multi-agency-funded collaborative project is implementing integrated, catchment-scale NFM to work with downstream urban flood defences. Assessment of the views of upstream-downstream catchment communities is limited. Utilising five focus groups (n = 17 participants) we investigate the potential misalignments or synergies between catchment communities that will provision or benefit from NFM that could either derail or support scaling out initiatives. Results reveal that upstream and downstream participants hold strong affinities to contemporary rural landscape aesthetics, expressing sympathies with tasking farmers with delivering flood regulation ES when their traditional vocation is to deliver provisioning ES. Participants also exhibited resistance to landscape change caused by NFM. Nevertheless, acceptability of scaling out NFM increased when aesthetic preferences were considered, especially in provider regions, while beneficiaries prioritised more effective NFM measures over appearance. Inclusive discussion and knowledge exchange (e.g. personal stories, catchment visualisations) in the focus groups facilitated greater appreciation of whole catchment community values and understanding for scaling out NFM.

Internalisasi Nilai-Nilai Karakter Masyarakat Islam Madinah Zaman Nabi SAW pada Lembaga Pendidikan Islam

Islamic educational institutions are not limited solely to the field of education but also serve a social function to enhance user satisfaction. The application of the societal character values of the Islamic community of Madinah during the time of the Prophet (peace be upon him) can increase the effectiveness and productivity of an Islamic educational institution. This study proposes six character values. The research employs a literature review method by searching for sources, reading, and examining relevant materials related to the theme. After the examination, the findings are analyzed and subsequently written into a scientific article. The results of this study reveal that the six character values, namely, brotherhood, social equality; social cooperation; deliberation; participative and professionalism; universal social justice; social responsibility; and promoting good and preventing harm can be implemented in Islamic educational institutions through various approaches, behaviors, and activities. By consistently internalizing these six values with ongoing efforts and regular evaluation, the management and operations of Islamic educational institutions will become increasingly effective and productive

SOCIAL INTERACTION AND EMPOWERMENT FOR OLDER ADULTS: BETWEEN “NO NEED” AND “NO TIME”?

Having control over one’s life and an active role in society, or seeing oneself as a valuable community member, are examples of what it means to be empowered. Social interaction is, thus, both an antecedent and a consequence of empowerment. In Western societies, an emerging awareness that aging has become associated with a loss of empowerment has motivated efforts to better address this necessity in older adults. In this context, we created an innovative cognitive stimulation tool, where exercises are created by the users themselves as an alternative form of stimulation. After a period of intense dissemination in geriatric institutions, we encountered lower-than-expected levels of engagement. To understand whether this could be due to lack of material and human resources and/or lack of awareness regarding empowerment needs, we carried out semi-structured interviews with older adults and coordinating technicians in institutions. We found evidence that supported both a scenario of scarce institutional resources (“no time”) and a lack of awareness of empowerment needs, especially among older adults (“no need”). We discuss potential ways to help change this scenario.

Identity, (Dis)Ability and Belonging: Liturgy and Worship through the Lens of Autism

Disabled people often feel excluded from church activities. Focusing on autism, this article explores the problematic, relative absence of autistic people in churches. It will be argued that the concept of normalcy lies at the heart of the problem. Normalcy is understood as the set of dynamics that guard the boundaries of communities, in other words, who does and does not belong. These boundaries are part of what Charles Taylor calls the “framework” of the community, which determines what the community values. This article will argue that those with disabilities easily fall outside of the community’s boundaries. After discussing the dynamics of normalcy, this article offers a theological critique and a proposal for a framework inspired by the Gospel. This enables a “theology of presence” which envisions members of the community being present to each other in a way that reflects the kenosis of Christ.

Identity, (Dis)Ability and Belonging: Liturgy and Worship Through the Lens of Autism

Disabled people often feel excluded from church activities. Focusing on autism, this article explores the problematic, relative absence of autistic people in churches. It will be argued that the concept of normalcy lies at the heart of the problem. Normalcy is understood as the set of dynamics that guard the boundaries of communities, in other words, who does and does not belong. These boundaries are part of what Charles Taylor calls the “framework” of the community, which determines what the community values. This article will argue that those with disabilities easily fall outside of the community’s boundaries. After discussing the dynamics of normalcy, this article offers a theological critique and a proposal for a framework inspired by the Gospel. This enables a “theology of presence” which envisions members of the community being present to each other in a way that reflects the kenosis of Christ.

Применение технологий BigData для оптимизации производственных процессов в горнодобывающей промышленности России: анализ внедрения и эффективности

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of using the BigData technologies to optimize production processes in the Russian mining industry during the period from 2015 to 2024. The main trends and areas of the BigData application, technical and organizational solutions used, barriers and economic effects of their implementation are investigated using an extensive empirical base, including company data, industry surveys and expert assessments. An interdisciplinary approach was applied that combines the methods of statistical analysis, case studies, expert interviews and economic and mathematical modeling. The key success factors of the BigData projects in various segments of the mining industry were identified, and the drivers and barriers of digital transformation of the industry were determined. It is shown that implementation of the BigData leads to a significant increase in productivity, cost reduction and improved safety of mining operations. Recommendations on spreading the best practices were developed and promising directions of the BigData development were justified in conditions of import substitution and transition to Industry 4.0. The results of the study are of high value for the academic community, public policy in the field of digitalization and management practices of mining companies.

Development Of Hindu Character Values Education For Early Childhood

In Hindu teachings, there is a wealth of universal character values that remain relevant to contemporary character education. Instilling Hindu character values should ideally begin in early childhood to lay a solid foundation for ethical and moral development. This study aims to analyze methods for developing Hindu character values in early childhood, focusing on three key principles: Tri Parartha, Tri Kaya Parisudha, and Tat Twam Asi. Using a library research method, data for this study was collected from journals, books, and other literature relevant to Hindu ethics and early childhood education. The research process involved setting objectives, gathering and selecting literature, reviewing content, analyzing data, synthesizing findings, and drawing conclusions. The results indicate that the development of Hindu character values in early childhood requires a multi-faceted approach that considers the unique developmental stages of children. Parental involvement is critical, serving as both facilitators and role models in imparting these values. Key methods include modeling ethical behavior in daily life (Tri Kaya Parisudha), fostering empathy and interconnectedness through the principle of Tat Twam Asi, and integrating communal values (Tri Parartha) into family and social interactions. Additionally, literacy activities and positive reinforcement play vital roles in embedding these teachings effectively. In conclusion, cultivating Hindu character values in early childhood not only nurtures ethical behavior but also aligns with the broader goals of character education. This approach emphasizes the importance of synergy between parents, educators, and cultural practices to ensure children internalize and live these values in their formative years.

Using the S‐DIKW framework to transform data visualization into data storytelling

AbstractCommunicating insights from data effectively requires design skills, technical knowledge, and experience. Data must be accurately represented with aesthetically pleasing visuals and engaging text to effectively communicate to the intended audience. Data storytelling has received much attention lately, but as of yet, it does not have a theoretical and practical foundation in information science. A data story adds context, narrative, and structure to the visual representation of data, providing audiences with character, plot, and a holistic experience of narrative. This paper proposes a methodological approach to transform a data visualization into a data story based on the Data‐Information‐Knowledge‐Wisdom (DIKW) pyramid and the S‐DIKW Framework. Starting from the bottom of the pyramid, the proposed approach defines a strategy to represent insights extracted from data. Data is then turned into information by identifying character(s) facing a problem, adding textual and graphic content; information is turned into knowledge by organizing what happens as a plot. Finally, a call to wise action—always informed by cultural and community values—completes the storytelling transformation to create a data story. This article contributes to the theoretical understanding of data stories as emerging information forms, supporting richer understandings of a story as information in the information sciences.

From Saudi to Social Media: Arabization of Islam Via Salafi Instagram Accounts in Indonesia

This paper argues that Salafists, through the use of social media platforms like Instagram, are not only disseminating their interpretation of Islamic teachings but also serving as representatives of the Arabization of Islam in Indonesia. In support of this argument, this research involved an ethnographic data search by randomly sampling Instagram accounts that spread Salafism and are linked with the Arabization of Islam. The focus was specifically on the @dakwah_tauhid and @mahasiswa salaf Instagram accounts. It is argued that social media, particularly Instagram, serves as a modern platform for Salafists to propagate Islamic teachings based on the Qur’an and Sunnah. Through consistent content creation, they have garnered hundreds of thousands to a million followers, indicating their value in the Muslim community in Indonesia. Coupled with using social media like Instagram to preach ‘pure’ Islam, these accounts also function as influencers that contribute to the Arabization of Islam in Indonesia. This is evident in several aspects of their content, which emphasizes the Saudi interpretation of Islam. This includes referencing religious rulings (fatwas) issued by Saudi ulama, showcasing lectures by scholars who graduated from Saudi institutions, and promoting educational institutions in Indonesia that are managed by Saudi-trained graduates.

Festivals, Identity and Social Stability in Africa: The Example of Calabar Carnival.

Festivals are organized periodic celebrations which form the popular culture which encompass the activities and feelings as a result of interaction, across societies of the world. Festivals are signifiers of the cultural identity of spaces within which they occur, thereby becoming tourism events which relate the socio-cultural space of humanity and the contribution of our social identity. This paper explores the role festival tourism plays through identity and exchange of culture, signifying celebrations, promoting community values, ideologies, continuity and social stability. The paper explores identities through examples of performing nationalities and diversity of cultures from Calabar and Lamu carnival of Nigeria. How do festivals contribute to interpreting cultural identity? The paper answers this through discourse of the diverse characteristics of these festivals

Targets for Urban Stormwater Management in Australia

Increasing urbanisation is occurring in Australia’s major cities and in almost every country in the world. This creates a challenge for the urban water sector, which not only needs to provide traditional water services (i.e., wastewater, domestic water) for a rapidly growing population, but also to service potential additional demands to contribute to enhanced amenity, and to do so in the context of climate change. This paper is focused on stormwater management controls for the develop of new greenfield urban sites in the three major east coast Australian cities—Melbourne, Sydney and Brisbane. While stormwater management in all three cities is focused on the protection of community values of the waterways, including environment (ecology), amenity and recreation, the scale or type of the waterways considered is considerably different—Melbourne has adopted a regional waterway strategy, while the Sydney and Brisbane approach is more localised. Pollution load reduction targets (TSS, TP, TN and litter) from new urban areas have been enforced in all three cities for many years, although there is concern that these targets primarily aimed at protecting the values of downstream bays (e.g., Port Phillip Bay, Sydney Harbour and Morton Bay) will not necessarily protect the values of the contributing waterways. However, targets to control stormwater volumes entering waterways are proving to be considerably more difficult to both develop and implement. These targets are typically expressed as volumes of stormwater to be harvested and/or infiltrated for every additional hectare of directly connected impervious (DCI) surface created as a result of urban development. The three cities have approached the setting of stormwater flow targets somewhat differently, as is apparent from the details provided in the paper. Additionally, we argue that there is a need for the development of new targets related to the reuse of stormwater and its integration with wastewater and domestic water management.

The Perspective of the Acehnese Community in Indonesia toward HIV/AIDS

Background: HIV/AIDS has garnered public attention due to the challenges in its effective control, with its prevalence continuing to rise until 2019. Despite its global impact, public awareness of this disease remains limited. The perspective of the community on People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in the Aceh region offers unique insights, indicating existing issues in the community environment. However, a comprehensive understanding of these issues is still lacking. This study aims to explore the challenges related to the Acehnese people's perspective towards PLWHA.Method: A qualitative ethnographic design was employed, focusing on the subjective approach to understanding the perspectives of the Acehnese Community. In-depth interviews were conducted with 8 participants. The researcher served as a human instrument, directly involved in collecting and interpreting the data. Data were analyzed descriptively using iterative coding and thematic categorization.Result: The study identified three themes related to the perspective of the community on People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA): (1) Community Knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS and PLWHA, (2) Experiences of the Acehnese Community with HIV/AIDS and PLWHA and (3) Community Values towards HIV/AIDS and PLWHA. Individuals with knowledge about HIV/AIDS can provide proper care for PLWHA patients, fostering an understanding of transmission dynamics. Society exhibits positive attitudes towards PLWHA when exposed to sufficient information. Conversely, negative perceptions arise when society attributes the disease to certain behaviors or considers it as a curse, leading to non-acceptance and ostracism. The perspectives imposed on PLWHA significantly influence their perception of the surrounding community. Community knowledge is crucial in shaping these perspectives, particularly from individuals with experience caring for PLWHA. Society holds both positive and negative values concerning HIV/AIDS and PLWHA.

Constitutionalization of international law: theoretical and legal analysis

It is indicated that in the modern conditions of globalization and European integration, the study of the interaction of constitutional and international law acquires special relevance. Constitutional law, being a fundamental branch of national law, is increasingly influenced by international legal norms and standards, which makes it necessary to rethink traditional approaches to understanding its place in the legal system. The article provides a comprehensive theoretical and legal analysis of the process of constitutionalization of international law and the formation of international constitutional law as an independent subfield. The main trends of the transformation of international law in the conditions of globalization are studied, in particular: increasing the role of non-state actors, rethinking the concept of state sovereignty, deepening the interaction of international and national law, forming a hierarchical structure of international legal norms. The concept of common values of the world community as a fundamental basis of the constitutionalization of international law is analyzed. Special attention is paid to human rights as a component of international constitutional law and their subsidiary function in relation to national legal systems. The phenomenon of transnational constitutionalism and its influence on the formation of a new global legal order are considered. The problem of the transformation of the subject composition of international law and the transition from the traditional theory of sovereignty to multi-level constitutionalism is studied. The need to develop a new methodology for the study of the international legal order, which combines the approaches of constitutional, administrative and international law, is substantiated. On the basis of the conducted analysis, the possibility of distinguishing international constitutional law as an independent sub­branch of international law is argued, given the uniformity of legal regulation and the formation of a specific methodology. Particular attention is paid to the relevance of the constitutional and legal dimension of international cooperation in countering aggression, terrorism and genocide in the context of russian aggression against Ukraine.

Ethnomathematics Exploration in The Architecture of Osing Traditional Houses: Revealing the Application of Mathematical Principles in Banyuwangi Culture

This research explores the application of mathematical principles in the architecture of Osing traditional houses in Banyuwangi through an ethnomathematics approach. Ethnomathematics is a study that examines the relationship between mathematics and culture within specific communities. By exploring this connection, the research aims to uncover the application of mathematical concepts in Osing culture, particularly in the context of their traditional house architecture. The study employs an ethnographic approach, using data collection techniques such as document studies, content analysis, and semiotic analysis. The findings reveal that the architecture of Osing traditional houses is rich in mathematical elements integrated with the cultural values of the Osing community. Geometric concepts are evident in roof shapes, decorative patterns, and building structures. Proportions and measurements are considered in the design of rooms and building elements. Numerical concepts and calculations are utilized in the construction process.These findings highlight the harmonious integration of mathematical knowledge and cultural values in the architecture of Osing traditional houses, where every building element holds symbolic meanings related to the beliefs and worldview of the Osing community. This research contributes to the preservation of Banyuwangi's cultural heritage and local wisdom while enhancing appreciation for mathematics within a cultural context.