Values Of Water Quality Parameters Research Articles

Assessment of water source availability and quality for small ruminant consumption in the Northern Badia region of Jordan.

Background and Aim:Water is the most important nutrient for the production of healthy livestock. Water scarcity bottlenecks livestock production in arid and semi-arid regions, particularly during the dry season. This study aimed to assess water availability and quality for small ruminants, and to identify major challenges of meeting their water requirements in two major small ruminant production systems in Jordan.Materials and Methods:Transhumant and sedentary production systems in the Northern Badia region of Jordan were the focus of this study. A questionnaire was distributed to 120 sheep and goat farmers (62 transhumant farmers and 58 sedentary farmers) and a water quality assessment was completed.Results:Results showed that the two production systems varied their water source use seasonally. Water provision was perceived as one of the major constraints for Bedouins, particularly during the dry season in transhumant production systems, when longer distances to water sources and the high costs of fetching water daily aggravated the problem. The mean distance and travel times to the boreholes were less in the sedentary system. Watering frequency was significantly lower in the transhumant system compared to the sedentary system (p<0.05). Although the values of water quality parameters complied with guidelines for livestock consumption, low water quality was the main concern expressed by some of the survey households.Conclusion:Technical support to properly design, manage, and rehabilitate surface water harvesting systems is required for the sustainable use of water resources in the study region. Moreover, systematic water quality monitoring is necessary to ensure its suitability for livestock use. Further investigations on the microbiological quality of water and its effect on the health and performance of livestock are recommended.

Water quality monitoring at a virtual watershed monitoring station using a modified deep extreme learning machine

ABSTRACTA new deep extreme learning machine (ELM) model is developed to predict water temperature and conductivity at a virtual monitoring station. Based on previous research, a modified ELM auto-encoder is developed to extract more robust invariance among the water quality data. A weighted ELM that takes seasonal variation as the basis of weighting is used to predict the actual value of water quality parameters at sites which only have historical data and no longer generate new data. The performance of the proposed model is validated against the monthly data from eight monitoring stations on the Zengwen River, Taiwan (2002–2017). Based on root mean square error, mean absolute error, mean absolute percentage error and correlation coefficient, the experimental results show that the new model is better than the other classical spatial interpolation methods.

Spatial and seasonal variation of lake water quality: Beseka in the Rift Valley of Oromia region, Ethiopia

Nowadays, freshwater pollution is an environmental crisis caused mainly by anthropogenic activities. The water quality deterioration of Lake Beseka which is located in the Ethiopian portion of the East African Rift Valley is associated with rapid expansion of that lake that is not fully understood yet. This water quality impairment is the major cause of severe shortage of water supply for human consumption, irrigation use, and public health problems in that area. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the physicochemical and metal concentrations of Lake Beseka and evaluate the impact of the spatio-temporal variation on the water quality. Water samples were collected from six sampling sites during the dry and wet seasons. The concentration ranges for physicochemical parameters evaluated were: temperature (25–40 °C), electrical conductivity (EC) (1407–3321 μs/cm), turbidity (28.5–63.0 NTU), total dissolved solids (TDS) (740–1598 mg/L), pH (7.47–10.86), NO3−–N (0.30–16.69 mg/L), PO43−–P (0.03–13.00 mg/L), SO42− (10.00–70.00 mg/L), Cl− (0.00–200.00 mg/L), F− (0.40–3.80 mg/L), K (0.30–2.40 mg/L), Mg (0.40–2.46 mg/L), Ca (0.40–3.80 mg/L) and Fe (0.40–3.80 mg/L). For several parameters investigated, the result showed some significant differences (p < 0.05) among the six water samples during both the rainy and dry seasons, except for turbidity, EC, NO3−–N, PO43−–P, SO42− and Cl−. The values of many water quality parameters exceeded the WHO water quality guidelines for drinking water. Furthermore, the water is not suitable for irrigation due to extremely high values of pH (10) and other parameters dominating in salt lakes. This deteriorated water body has the potential to interfere with the natural function of the ecosystem by affecting human health in the area. Hence, to upgrade water quality to meet public health and environmental safety, implementation of suitable water treatment technologies is a crucial agenda to use Beseka lake water.

THE POTENCY OF LUBUK LARANGAN JORONG IKAN BANYAK AS LOCAL WISDOM BASED ECOTOURISM AREA

This study aims to understand the local wisdom and the feasibility of the area as an ecological tourism object has been carried out from February to March 2018. The method used in this study is the survey method. Water quality data collection was carried out four times (once/two weeks), while questionnaires were distributed prior to environmental data collection. Water samples were taken from three stations, while local wisdom data were collected through questionnaires. Results shown that the community used to maintain the Jorong Ikan Banyak ecosystem by applying regulations for fish capture. Water quality parameter values of the Lubuk Larangan are as follows : temperature was 22.5-230c; water depth was 71.75-120.25 cm; current speed was 0.25-0.42 m/s; dissolved oxygen was 4.6-4.8 mg/l and pH was 6. The tourism potential element scores of the Lubuk Larangan were as follows: Attractiveness 1,095; Accessibility 537.5; Accommodations 45 and Facilities 240, total score 1,917.5. This score indicates that the Lubuk Larangan Jorong Ikan Banyak is suitable for tourism object.

How much information do we gain from multiple-year sampling in natural pond research?

Natural ponds are perceived as spatially and temporally highly variable ecosystems. This perception is in contrast to the often-applied sampling design with high spatial but low temporal replication. Based on a data set covering a period of six years and 20 permanently to periodically inundated ponds, we investigated whether this widely applied sampling design is sufficient to identify differences between single ponds or single years with regard to water quality and macrophyte community composition as measures of ecosystem integrity.In our study, the factor “pond”, which describes differences between individual ponds, explained 56 % and 63 %, respectively, of the variance in water quality and macrophyte composition. In contrast, the factor “year” that refers to changes between individual years, contributed less to understand the observed variability in water quality and macrophyte composition (10 % and 7 % respectively, of the variance explained). The low explanation of variance for “year” and the low year-to-year correlation for the single water quality parameter or macrophyte coverage values, respectively, indicated high but non-consistent temporal variability affecting individual pond patterns.In general, the results largely supported the ability of the widely applied sampling strategy with about one sampling date per year to capture differences in water quality and macrophyte community composition between ponds. Hence, future research can be rest upon sampling designs that give more weight to the number of ponds than the number of years in dependence on the research question and the available resources. Nonetheless, pond research would miss a substantial amount of information (7 to 10 % of the variance explained), when the sampling would generally be restricted to one year. Moreover, we expect that the importance of multiple-year sampling will likely increase in periods and regions of higher hydrological variability compared to the average hydrological conditions encountered in the studied period.

Experimental Results Regarding the Groundwater Quality in Bacau City, Romania

The state of groundwater in terms of quality and quantity are a fundamental importance in urban areas. This paper aims to identify qualitative status of groundwater in Bacau city. To determine groundwater quality in Bacau city were taken samples from ten sources. Physico-chemical parameters chosen for making determinations are represented by ammonium, magnesium, manganese, nitrite and total nitrogen. After performing of measurements, it was observe that the admissible limit values of water quality parameters were exceeded in all ten sampling points. It has been established so that any source of groundwater in Bacau is not recommend for human consumption. In this regard, it is recommended to order measures by the competent authorities for the safety and health of the population.

Assessing the Efficiency of WRASTIC Method in Determining the Vulnerability of Surface Water Resources in Semi-Arid Region Using the NSFWQI

In this study, the WRASTIC method was used to assess the surface water vulnerability in sub-catchments of Kivi Dam's watershed which is located in the north-east of Iran using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Monthly change of the FC, pH, T, PO4, NO3, Tur and TS water quality parameters of the samples were measured in a one-year period. The NSFWQI of those sub-catchments were calculated based on average value of water quality parameters. Comparing the priorities of vulnerability and overall quality of surface water in studied sub-catchments showed the acceptable efficiency of WRASTIC method in assessing the vulnerability of surface water resources in semi-arid regions. Also, the results showed that among studies sub-catchments, the surface water in sub-catchment no. 1 has the most vulnerability (WRASTIC index = 56) and the worst overall quality (NSFWQI = 51).

Compositional variety of dissolved organic matter and its correlation with water quality in peri-urban and urban river watersheds

Abstract Urbanization has significant effects to ecosystems in watersheds, but the link between surface water quality and the dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition is poorly understood. We investigated the fluorescent intensities (Fmax) of DOM components and examined their correlation with the water quality parameters in peri-urban (Zhangxi River) and urban (Lu River) watersheds in Ningbo, East China. DOM quality was measured by fluorescent excitation-emission matrices (EEMs) coupled with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC). Terrestrial humic-like components (C1 and C2) and protein-like component (C3) were derived by the PARAFAC model. We found more serious water pollution (significantly higher values for most water quality parameters, i.e. chemical oxygen demand (COD), chlorophyll a (Chl-a), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), ammonia and total suspended solids (TSS)) in urban than peri-urban watersheds. However, there were no significant differences in the levels of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) between the urban and peri-urban watersheds. The results showed that the urban watershed had higher terrestrial humic-like C1 (39%) and lower protein-like C3 (30%) than the peri-urban watershed, while the peri-urban watershed showed an inverse trend (33% and 37%, respectively). The results also revealed that the DOM fluorescent indices were significantly different between the peri-urban and the urban watersheds. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was applied to evaluate the correlation between DOM fluorescent indices and water quality parameters (i.e., COD, TN, TP, DOC). It revealed that the pollution sources and water quality correlated to the fluorescent indices and the C1-C3 DOM fluorescent components. A significant linear relationship between COD and C2 was found in both watersheds, suggesting that C2 might be a good COD indicator. Our results suggest that the distinctive DOM composition between the watersheds could be attributed to different human activities at both sites. The correlation between DOM fluorescent components and water quality can be assessed by the EEM-PARAFAC method, indicating considerable potential for the use of this technique to monitor surface water quality.

Spatial-temporal assessment of water quality and assimilative capacity of river Ramganga, a tributary of Ganga using multivariate analysis and QUEL2K

Water quality of river Ramganga, a major tributary of the Ganga, was monitored by monthly sampling at selected 23 stations (17 on the main stem and 6 on tributaries) during two calendar years 2014 and 2015 for 24 parameters. Cluster analysis grouped the sites in three statistically significant clusters, highly polluted, moderately polluted and less polluted, based on the similarities or differences in water quality parameter values. Discriminant Analysis helped in identifying the most representative discriminant parameters in entire dataset with more than 86% correct assignment in both temporal and spatial analysis. Despite high organic load in the middle stretch of Ramganga, the observed dissolved oxygen values were higher than 4 mg/l at almost all sampling stations on the main stem, even in lean flow period of a year. About 16–49% BOD load reduction from various point sources was estimated to maintain the desired dissolved oxygen levels (5–6 mg/l) for aquatic species during lean flow season in river Ramganga. This implies that primary treatment alone of discharge from these sources is sufficient from the point of view of sustenance of indigenous aquatic flora and fauna. Comparison of water quality of Ramganga and Ganga (before and after the confluence with Ganga) for lean flow season revealed that Ramganga does not significantly contribute to the decline in water quality of river Ganga in terms of parameters such as dissolved oxygen and heavy metals.

Effect of physicochemical parameters on zooplankton at a freshwater body of Euphrates Basin (Elazıg-Turkey)

In this study zooplankton was determined between June 2015-May 2016 in Keban Reservoir. Also some chemical and physical parameters as water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity and Chlorophyll a were measured in situ, monthly. Total of 40 zooplankton species; 27 Rotifera, 11 Cladocera, 2 Copepoda species were identified in this study. The data of this study were evaluated number of individuals, species richness and species diversity. Maximum, minimum, SD and mean values of water quality parameters were calculated. As a result of Shannon Wiener index analysis of current study, species diversity was found highest in January (H'=2.03) and the least index value was found in May (H'=0.46). Margalef index value recorded in its highest value in January (D=1.07) in the 2nd station and the lowest value in February (D=0.11) in the 1st station.

Application of the LPCF Model for Real-Time Contamination Warning in the Water Supply System

Currently, various water quality parameters are monitored for real-time contamination warning in the water supply system of South Korea. If the measured values of water quality parameters exceed the threshold, contamination warnings are issued. However, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reported the following limitations of the contamination warning system based on these thresholds. First, irregular and sudden hydraulic changes in water supply system caused by pump or valve malfunction may cause measurement error of the water quality sensors, which may cause nuisance and unnecessary false-positive alarms. Second, in the case of long-term outflow of micropollutants, water quality changes are slightly within the thresholds, which causes a serious monitoring error of false-negatives that cannot be detected even in actual contamination. Therefore, the U.S. EPA applied a linear prediction–correction filter (LPCF) model for real-time contamination warning, which is based on the autoregressive (AR) model. The main purpose of this study is to develop a contamination warning technique to be applied to water supply system of South Korea. For the development of a real-time contamination warning technique, the LPCF model was applied and Testing with water quality data collected from G_water supply system of South Korea. Key words: Water Supply System, Real-Time Contamination Warning, Autoregressive Model, Linear Prediction-Correction Filter Model

Effects of stocking density of gray mullet Mugil cephalus on water quality, growth performance, nutrient conversion rate, and microbial community structure in the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei integrated system

An experiment (75 days) was conducted in twelve fiberglass tanks (5 m3) to study the effects of stocking density of gray mullet (Mugil cephalus) on water quality, growth performance, nutrient conversion rate, and microbial community structure in the white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) integrated system. Gray mullet (body weight of 1.50 g) were added into nine shrimp tanks with three different densities, namely at 10, 20, and 30% of the initial shrimp biomass as poly-culture treatments. White shrimp (size of 0.50 g) were stocked at a density of 300 shrimp.tank−1. Three tanks stocked only with shrimp served as monoculture treatment (control treatment). Shrimp were fed four times a day using 38%, 35% protein (feed #1, #2, respectively) commercial pellet (Grobest Co. Ltd. Vietnam) with feeding rate was 3 to 10% of shrimp biomass. No external feed was given to the fish during the experiment. The results showed that the mean values of water quality parameters were not significantly different (p > 0.05) between treatments, except TSS, TAN, NO2-N concentration. The best shrimp growth performance, total biomass, and FCR (0.14 g.day−, 2928.68 g.tank−, 1.06 respectively) were found in the low gray mullet density treatment (10% of the initial shrimp biomass), which were significantly better than those in control and other poly-culture treatments. The nutrient conversion rate in poly-culture, which retained 30.41–40.32% of total nitrogen feed input and 25.26–33.54% of total phosphorous feed input, was significantly different between treatments. DGGE bacterial profile from the cultured water illustrated a dynamic microbial community structure in the water column of the experimental tanks, and a considerable difference in community structure between treatments. The phylogeny of the selected band sequences obtained from the DGGE gel was affiliated within the ˠ- Proteobacteria, α- Proteobacteria, Bacterioidetes, Planctomycetes, and Terrabacteria group. The results indicate that gray mullet can be co-cultured with white shrimp at the fish stocking density of 10% shrimp biomass to improve water quality, overall productivity and nutrient utilization efficiency.

Studi Adaptasi Ikan Seluang (Rasbora agryotaenia) Berdasarkan Tahap Domestikasi dari Perairan Sebangau

This study aims to determine the adaptation of Seluang fish (Rasbora agryotaenia) based on the domestication stage of Sebangau waters. This research started in January until February 2018. The research method used is a survey and experimental observation. The size of the tarpaulin pond used for domestication is 2 x 3 m, with a water height of 30 cm. The number of fish sampled is 200 heads. Feed is given as much as 5% of the total weight of the fish kept, feeding done twice a day (morning and afternoon). This domestication activity is still not perfect, because only part of the life cycle of fish (Rasbora agryotaenia) can be done in the cultivation system (survival and eating commercial feed). During maintenance activities, the amount of feed used was 63.840 g with the final weight of the fish was 16.905 g. Survival rate (SR) of fish (Rasbora agryotaenia) during maintenance was 73.5% and deaths 26.5%. From the calculation is known that the Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) for fish (Rasbora agryotaenia) 2.8. This domestication stage starts with the preparation of maintenance pools, fishing in nature, sorting, distribution, and maintenance. During maintenance, five samples of sample fish were taken and five times the pool water quality measurement. From the five weights of the sample fish, it is known that the average weight of the fish is kept, I = 0.003 g, II = 0.042 g, III = 0.051 g, IV = 0.082 g, V = 0.115 g. From the measurement of water quality of tarpaulin ponds, it is known that the mean value of water quality parameters, for DO ranges from 1.5 to 8.8 mg / L, the pH ranges from 5.5 to 7.2 and temperatures range from 27.4 to 27.7 0C.

SPAWNING AND DEVELOPMENT OF DOG CONCH Strombus sp. LARVAE IN THE LABORATORY

An intensive exploitation of dog conch Strombus sp. in Tanjungpinang city coastal waters has occurred because the increasing number of fishermen, population growth and demand. In addition, the increasing activities of bauxite mining cause the declining in quality of waters around dog conch, thus providing ecological pressure that endangers sustainability of the dog conch. The purpose of this study was to observe the spawning and development of dog conch in the laboratory. Spawning was done in aquarium with 100 liters of seawater (salinity: 26±1 ppt), with stimulation of spawning performed by changing 90% water volume every day until the female issued the eggs. The female issued the eggs on the third and fourth days of stimulation. Eggs are attached to the wall of the aquarium. Egg cell division occurs after about 2 hours of the egg is released the mother, from one cell into two cells and a row into four cells, eight cells, the sixteen cells, thirty-two cells to multicellular. The embryo develops into a gastrula phase than trochophore phase. Larvae were reared in a tank containing 20 liters of seawater (salinity: 26±1 ppt). Veliger larvae occurred on the fifth day until the eleventh day. Veliger larvae are planktonic, and turn into benthic with a sedentary life in the bottom waters to begin the formation of a thin and transparent shell. The value of water quality parameters during maintenance category feasible: DO of 7.6 to 7.8 mg / L; pH of 8.13 to 8.33; turbidity of 1.97 to 3.90 NTU, salinity of 26.8 to 27.8 ppt; and temperature of 25.8-27.8°C.

Online Measurement Method of Water Quality in the Sulejow Reservoir

Abstract The paper presents methodology of accurate mobile measurements of water quality parameters such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll “a” concentration, ammonium ion concentration, conductivity, pH and blue-green algae content in water. The measurements (probe EXO 2, YSI, USA) were made on various depths of probe immersion (1.5, 2.5 and 3.5 m) and at different towing speeds of the probe (approx. 5.4 and 9.0 km/h). Static measurements carried out on the same route provided reference values for the measurements in motion to compare the repeatability of static and mobile methods. The tests were also evaluated by observation of probe behavior in motion, e.g. water disturbance intensity, access of light (sun rays) to the sensors. Statistical tests confirmed that the mean values of water quality parameters from mobile measurements with the speed of 5.4 km/h at the depth 1.5 m does not differ from the stationary measurements. Results of statistical analysis prove that water quality parameters can be measured accurately keeping established speed of towing the probe at the fixed depth. Methodology of mobile measurements elaborated in the frame of this work allows to collect vast number of data which can be used to obtain GIS point maps of water quality parameters in large water bodies.

Analyzing the Groundwater Quality Parameters Using Frequency Analysis

Water quality problems are world spread as a result of land use changes and industrial development. Water deficit problems become more severe in result of water quality ignorance. Determining the probability values of water quality parameters for specific return periods could be very helpful in water resources management and conservation in terms of quality. In this research some water quality parameters such as: SO42-, Cl-, HCO3-, TDS, TH, SAR, EC, Mg2+, Ca2+, K+ and Na+ were selected from 7 wells to study through which the most convenient statistical distribution function was determined for each parameter using EASYFIT software. To reach this aim 9 functions were used and the most suitable function was identified through Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. At the second stage the value of each parameter was determined for 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 year return periods. Results show that Wake by fits the best for most of parameters although GEV and Gen. Logistic are the second and third functions which best fit to data. Also return period graphs of each parameter in 7 sites show that SO42- follows the steepest slope as well as SAR and Cl-.

Optimization of stocking weight in carp polyculture ponds under drought prone Barind area of Bangladesh

Increased temperature, decreased water level and reduced culture period of the ponds are considered as major problems for aquaculture promotion in drought prone Barind area of Bangladesh. In order to address these problems, an experiment was conducted to optimize the stocking weight for carp polyculture ponds in Tanore upazila of Rajshahi district, Bangladesh. Three different stocking weights were tested under three treatments (T1: 25±0.12g; T2: 50± 0.15g; and T3: 100±0.19g), each with three replications. Fish growing period (July-December), carp species (C. catla, H. molitrix, A. nobilis, L. rohita and C. mrigala), stocking density (7,410 fishes/ha), lime and ash treatment, fertilization and feeding were same for all the treatments. Water quality (water temperature, dissolved oxygen, transparency, pH and alkalinity) and fish growth parameters were monitored monthly. Mean values of water quality parameters were found within the suitable range for fish culture. Treatment T3 varied more significantly (P&lt;0.05) than that of other treatments for the mean values of final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, survival rate and yield of fish. Net benefit of carp polyculture was also found significantly (P&lt;0.05) highest with treatment T3.

Optimization of stocking weight in carp polyculture ponds under drought prone Barind area of Bangladesh

Increased temperature, decreased water level and reduced culture period of the ponds are considered major problems for aquaculture promotion in drought prone Barind area of Bangladesh. In order to address these problems, an experiment was conducted to optimize the stocking weight for carp polyculture ponds in Tanore Upazila of Rajshahi district. Three different stocking weights were tested under three treatments (T1: 25±0.12 g; T2: 50±0.15 g; T3: 100±0.19 g), each with three replications. Fish growing period (July–December), carp species (Catla catla, Hypopthalmichthys molitrix, Aristichthis nobilis, Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala), stocking density (7,410 individuals/ha), lime and ash treatment, fertilization and feeding were same for all the treatments. Water quality (water temperature, dissolved oxygen, transparency, pH and alkalinity) and fish growth parameters were monitored monthly. Mean values of water quality parameters were found within the suitable range for fish culture. Treatment T3 varied significantly (P&lt;0.05) than that of other treatments for the mean values of final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, survival rate and yield of fish. Net benefit of carp polyculture was also found the highest in treatment T3. Use of higher stocking weight can be a suitable option for carp polyculture in ponds under drought prone Barind area.

Growth evaluation of all male prawn and tilapia in ponds of northern Bangladesh

Freshwater aquaculture is by far the most ancient aquatic living resource production system known in the world. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the growth performance of prawn and tilapia (male) under different sex (male and female) contribution of prawn in polyculture ponds for a period of four months from September 2010 to December 2010. The experiment was designed with 3 treatments like T1 (All male Tilapia– 4938/ha + All male Prawn 19,753/ha), T2 (All male Tilapia – 4938 / ha + All female Prawn 19,753/ha) and T3 (All male Tilapia – 4938/ decimal + all male Prawn 19876 + all female prawn 19876/ha), each with 2 replications. The mean stocking weight of prawn was 2.87 g and that of tilapia was 37.36 g. Total stocking density of prawn and tilapia (24,691/ha), basal fertilization (Cowdung 2470kg/ha, Urea 50kg/ha and TSP 50kg/ha), periodic fertilization (Cowdung 50kg/ha/day, urea 1.25kg/ha/day and TSP 1.25kg/ha/day) and feeding regime (diet containing 30% protein level at the rate of 2-5% of prawn and fish body weight twice daily) were same for all the treatments. Water quality parameters (water temperature, transparency, dissolved oxygen, pH, NH3-N and alkalinity) were monitored fortnightly and the growth parameters were monitored monthly. Mean values of water quality parameters were found within the suitable range. Treatment T1 varied more significantly (P&lt;0.05) than that of others for the mean values of growth parameters (final weight, weight gain, SGR, survival rate and yield) of prawn and tilapia.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2017, 3(2): 198-204

Modeling of the river ecological status with macrophytes using artificial neural networks

Biomonitoring methods based on macrophytes have been used mandatorily in the assessment of freshwaters since the implementation of the Water Framework Directive (WFD). The Macrophyte Index for Rivers (MIR) was developed in Poland for the monitoring of running waters under the WFD requirements. This index shows the degree of river degradation under the influence of water pollutants, especially nutrients. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between the MIR and various hydrochemical parameters using artificial neural networks (ANNs). Physico-chemical parameters of water (monthly results for the whole year), which were derived from 147 lowland river survey sites, all located in Poland, were applied to model the MIR values. Water quality variables were determined over three timeframes: the annual average; the average for the vegetation period; and the average for the summer period. Quality of the networks was assessed using coefficient of determination (R2), Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) and root mean square error (RMSE). The best modeling quality was obtained for yearly average values of water quality parameters. The quality statistics were: R2 = 0.722, NSE = 0.721 and RMSE = 0.056 (training dataset); R2 = 0.555, NSE = 0.533 and RMSE = 0.101 (validation dataset); R2 = 0.650. NSE = 0.600 and RMSE = 0.089 (testing dataset). This indicates that macrophytes reflect the whole year impact of pollution, whereas summer.