Value Of High-sensitivity Troponin Research Articles

P1733Dynamic changes of high-sensitivity troponin I after non-invasive stress-testing

Abstract Objective In patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) and intermediate pretest probability non-invasive stress-testing is recommended in current guidelines. However, sensitivity and specificity of these tests are limited. We aimed to investigate the additional diagnostic value of high-sensitivity troponin I concentrations measured before and after stress-testing. Methods We included patients undergoing non-invasive stress-testing in a prospective cohort study. All patients provided written informed consent, were at least 18 years old and underwent either stress-echocardiography, stress-MRI or myocardial perfusion scintigraphy. Baseline parameters were collected by questionnaire and chart review. Blood samples were collected before, and one hour after the stress-test. Troponin was measured using the Abbott Architect high-sensitivity troponin I (hs-TnI) assay. The diagnostic performance to predict a pathological stress-test was evaluated by calculation of the area under the ROC curve (AUC) using baseline hs-TnI concentrations and the absolute change after one hour. An optimal cutoff was determined by maximization of the Youden Index. Univariate odds ratios (OR) were calculated to identify predictors for a pathological stress-test. Additionally ORs for the optimal hs-TnI cutoff were calculated in a multivarite regression with adjustment for baseline variables. Results In total 391 patients with a median age of 70 years were included. 66.8% were males, 83.4% had prevalent hypertension, 55.9% had dyslipidemia and 55.4% had a prior history of CAD. A pathological stress-test was reported in 21.5% and these patients had a higher cardiovascular risk profile, compared to patients with a non-pathological stress-test. The baseline hs-TnI concentrations were 4.7 ng/L in the overall population, 4.2 ng/L in patients with a non-pathological stress-test and 8.4 ng/L (p<0.001) in patients with a pathological stress-test. There was no significant hs-TnI changes one hour after stress-testing. The AUC for the baseline hs-TnI was 0.65 and the optimal cutoff was determined at 7.7 ng/L. Most cardiovascular risk factors were predictors for a pathological stress-test. The OR for an elevated hs-TnI above the optimized cutoff was 3.34 (95% CI 2.03, 5.52). In a multivariate model a baseline hs-TnI above 7.7 ng/L showed an OR of 2.07 (95% CI 1.04, 4.12; p-value 0.039) Conclusion In patients undergoing non-invasive stress-testing, hs-TnI concentrations did not significantly change one hour after exercise. However, an elevated troponin concentration is an independent predictor for a pathological stress-test.

Long-Term Prognostic Value of High-Sensitivity Troponin T Added to N-Terminal Pro Brain Natriuretic Peptide Plasma Levels Before Valve Replacement for Severe Aortic Stenosis

Natriuretic peptide plasma levels help to manage patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS). The role of troponin plasma levels in this patient cohort remains speculative. A consortium of 4 university hospital centers in Austria analyzed retrospectively 3,595 patients admitted for valve replacement because of severe AS since 2007. The aim was to compare the additive preprocedural value of high-sensitivity troponin T (hsTnT) to N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) plasma levels in predicting postoperative long-term survival in a large cohort undergoing either surgical (57.8%) or transcatheter (42.2%) aortic valve replacement. During a median follow-up of 2.93 (1.91 to 4.92) years, 919 patients (25.6%) died, in them 556 (15.5%) due to cardiovascular causes. Both normal hsTnT (<14 ng/l) and NT-proBNP (within age- and sex-corrected normal range) plasma levels were found in 481 patients (14.3%, group 1). Normal hsTnT but elevated NT-proBNP plasma levels were found in 748 patients (22.3%, group 2). Elevated hsTnT but normal NT-proBNP plasma levels were found in 258 patients (7.7%, group 3). Both elevated hsTnT and elevated NT-proBNP plasma levels were found in 1,869 patients (55.7%, group 4). Using Log Rank tests for comparison there was a highly significant difference in both cardiovascular mortality (p <0.0001) and all-cause mortality (p <0.0001). All-cause mortality rates after 1, 3, and 5 years were 2.1%, 5.4%, 7.7% in group 1; 4.0%, 7.5%, 11.5% in group 2; 5.8%, 8.9%, 14.0% in group 3; and 12.3%, 22.6%, 28.4% in group 4. In conclusion, hsTnT adds additional impact to NT-proBNP as a routinely available biomarker for risk stratification concerning postoperative survival in patients with severe AS admitted for valve replacement. The present study supports the concept to integrate hsTnT plasma levels in the management of severe AS.

Prognostic Value of a Novel and Established High-Sensitivity Troponin I Assay in Patients Presenting with Suspected Myocardial Infarction.

High-sensitivity troponin has proven to be a promising biomarker for the prediction of future adverse cardiovascular events. We aimed to assess the prognostic value of high-sensitivity troponin I (hs-TnI) on admission in patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction (AMI) analyzed by a novel (Singulex Clarity cTnI) and established hs-TnI assay (ARCHITECT STAT hs-TnI, Abbott). Hs-TnI was measured in a total of 2332 patients from two prospective cohort studies presenting to the emergency department with suspected AMI. The prognostic impact for overall and cardiovascular mortality of both hs-TnI assays was assessed in the total patient cohort as well as in the subgroups of patients with AMI (n = 518) and without AMI (non-AMI) (n = 1814). Patients presenting with highest hs-TnI levels showed higher overall and cardiovascular mortality rates compared to those with lower troponin levels, irrespective of the assay used. Both hs-TnI assays indicated association with overall mortality according to adjusted hazard ratio (HR) among the entire study population (HR for Singulex assay: 1.16 (95% CI 1.08–1.24) and HR for Abbott assay: 1.17 (95% CI 1.09–1.25)). This finding was particularly pronounced in non-AMI patients, whereas no association between hs-TnI and overall mortality was found in AMI patients for either assay. In non-AMI patients, both assays equally improved risk prediction for cardiovascular mortality beyond conventional cardiovascular risk factors. Hs-TnI is independently predictive for adverse outcomes in patients with suspected AMI, especially in the subset of patients without confirmed AMI. There was no difference between the established and the novel assay in the prediction of mortality.

Prognostic value of high-sensitivity troponin T in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a prospective observational study

ABSTRACTObjective: To evaluate the prognostic value of high-sensitivity troponin (hsT) in severe aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).Methods: This prospective non-interventional study was performed at a surgical intensive care unit (ICU) from 2012 to 2015. Consecutive patients who had severe aSAH were included. A modified Rankin Scale score ≥ 4 or death within 3 months defined a poor outcome. hsT levels were measured at ICU admission and 72 hours following symptom onset.Results: A total of 137 patients were analyzed. The median hsT level was 29 ng/L (range: 7–4485). The best threshold level of hsT for predicting a poor outcome was 22 ng/L. At this threshold, the sensitivity was 71% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 58%-81%) and the specificity was 58% (95%CI: 46%-70%). The area under the ROC curve was 0.61 (95%CI: 0.52–0.71). Based on a multivariate analysis, the independent factors for a poor neurological prognosis were a World Federation of Neurologic Surgeons (WFNS) score ≥ 4 (odds ratio [OR]: 2.61; 95%CI: 1.04–6.56) and an hsT level > 22 ng/L (OR: 2.80; 95%CI: 1.18–6.64).Conclusion: In patients with severe aSAH, with regard for the severity of disease (assessed by the WFNS score), an hsT level > 22 ng/L at ICU admission was associated with poor outcomes.

High Sensitivity Troponin in Infarcted Patients with History of Myocardial In-farction

Design of the Study: Historical Cohort.&#x0D; Objectives: This study aimed to verify which risk factors contribute to increase hs-cTnI in patients with Myocardial Infarcion with ST segment elevation, to ana-lyze which prognostic impacts it may have and to evaluate troponin levels in pa-tients that had previous acute myocardial infarction and assess how this com-pared to patients without previous history of an acute event.&#x0D; Methodology: It was assessed medical records of patients admitted in the Cor-onary Unit of the Hospital de Clínicas (HC-UFPR) in Curitiba, South of Brazil, diagnosed with ST segment elevation Myocardial Infarction and whose serum levels of high sensitivity troponin I (hs-cTnI) were collected at admission moment. The select data were: gender, age, high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, previous myocardial infarction, dyslipidemia and serum levels of high sensitivity troponin I. For prognostic proposes, it was analysed intra-hospital death and ventricular function, based on left ventricular ejection fraction.&#x0D; Findings: Patients admitted with previous myocardial infarction had lower levels of hs-TnI. Gender, age, presence of high blood pressure, tabagism, diabetes and dyslipidemia didn’t reveal correlation with troponin values, allowing the in-ference that high sensitivity troponin values at first presentation of these patients have no direct relation to these variables. Regarding prognosis, levels of high sensitivity troponin could not be associated to mortality or ventricular malfunction.&#x0D; Conclusions: At admission, high-sensitivity troponin I levels were lower in pa-tients with prior myocardial infarction.&#x0D; Relevance: This work correlates the values of the high-sensitivity troponin of patients with ST segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction to cardiovascular risks factors and to the prognosis of these patients. This approach is not found in cur-rent medical literature, whose works mainly relates to acute events.

A Sex-Specific Analysis of the Predictive Value of Troponin I and T in Patients With and Without Diabetes Mellitus After Successful Coronary Intervention.

Background: Elevated levels of troponin are associated with future major adverse cardiac events (MACE). Data on the prognostic value of high sensitive troponin T (hs-TnT) compared to high sensitive troponin I (hs-TnI) in diabetic and non-diabetic patients are sparse.Methods: We analyzed patients of a single-center registry undergoing coronary stenting between 2003 and 2006. As a primary endpoint we assessed MACE, a composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction and nonfatal stroke according to sex and diabetes status using log-rank. As a second endpoint, we assessed the prognostic impact of hs-TnT and hs-TnI on MACE, adjusting for known confounders using Cox regression analysis.Results: Out of 818 investigated patients, 267 (32.6%) were female. Diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) was diagnosed in 206 (25.2%) patients.After a mean follow-up of 6.6 ± 3.7 years, MACE occurred in 235 (28.7%) patients. The primary endpoint components of cardiovascular death occurred in 115 (14.1%) patients, MI in 75 (9.2%), and ischemic stroke in 45 (5.5%). Outcomes differed significantly according to sex and diabetes status (p = 0.003). In descending order, MACE rates were as follows: female diabetic patients (40.8%), female non-diabetic patients (32.7%), male diabetic patients (28.9%), and male non-diabetic patients (24.8%). Additionally, females with diabetes were at higher risk of cardiovascular death compared to diabetic men (28 vs. 15%). Hs-TnI (HR 1.477 [95% CI 1.100–1.985]; p = 0.010) and hs-TnT (HR 1.615 [95%CI 1.111–2.348]; p = 0.012) above the 99th percentile were significantly associated with MACE. Both assays showed tendency toward association with MACE in all subgroups.Conclusion: Diabetic patients, particularly females, with known coronary artery disease had a higher risk of subsequent MACE. Both, hs-TnI and hs-TnT significantly correlated with MACE.

Prognostic Value of High-sensitivity Troponin I in Patients with Septic Shock: A Prospective Observational Study.

ABSTRACTBackgroundMyocardial dysfunction is one of the mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of septic shock. The role of troponin as a surrogate of myocardial injury in septic shock is still debated. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) assay in predicting 28-day mortality in patients with septic shock.Materials and MethodsProspective study including 75 patients with septic shock admitted to a medico-surgical ICU from January to December 2017. Patients under the age of 18 years, known pregnancy and patients in post–cardiac arrest were excluded. Clinical and demographic data including age, gender, comorbidities, SAPS II and SOFA scores were collected. Hs-cTnI was measured soon after admission and 12, 24, 48 and 72 after. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to identify the most useful troponin I cut-off level for the prediction of 28-day mortality. A p <0.05 was considered significant.ResultsSeventy-five (M/F = 53/22) patients with septic shock were included in the study. The median SOFA and SAPS II scores were 10 and 42, respectively. The median duration of mechanical ventilation was 8 days and the median length of ICU stay was 11 days. The 28-day mortality was 54.6%. We found a high prevalence (47%) of elevated hs-cTnI in patients with septic shock. Median hs-cTnI on admission in the whole group was 36 ng/L. The 28-day mortality was found to be related to age (p <0.001), SAPS II score (p = 0.001), mean arterial pressure (p = 0.038), lactate (p <0.001) and glomerular filtration rate (p <0.001).Hs-cTnI levels were significantly higher in non-survival group than survival one at all time points: H12 (p = 0.006), H24 (p = 0.003), H48 (p = 0.005) and H72 (p=0.001). In multivariate analysis, hs-cTnI at H72 was independently associated with 28-day mortality.ConclusionHs-cTnI elevation at 72 hours was associated with 28-day mortality in septic shock patients.How to cite this articleJendoubi A, Jerbi S, Maamar E, Abbess A, Samoud Z, Kanzari L, et al. Prognostic Value of High-Sensitivity Troponin I in Patients with Septic Shock: A Prospective Observational Study. Indian J Crit Care Med 2019;23(7):320–325.

Early Prognostic Value of High-Sensitivity Troponin T after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

Periprocedural myocardial injury after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) may affect the patient's prognosis and may be due to a different set of factors beyond the atherosclerotic plaque instability. Considering the challenges in the diagnosis of myocardial injury after CABG, the aim of this study was to determine the association between postoperative early elevation of high-sensitivity troponin T (hsTnT) and all-cause 30-day mortality after CABG. We enrolled 600 consecutive patients who underwent CABG. The hsTnT value was measured immediately before surgery and in the morning of the first postoperative day. The baseline hsTnT was 13 ng/L (7-26 ng/L) and 273 patients (45.7%) had baseline hsTnT above the 99th percentile/upper reference limit (URL) (14 ng/L). The median for hsTnT at first postoperative day was 235 ng/L (152-425 ng/L). We calculated the postoperative hsTnT ratio to URL for each patient, representing the number of times exceeding the URL (hsTnT value divided by 14 ng/L). The multivariate analysis by Cox proportional hazard model revealed that age (years) (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07-1.20; p < 0.001) and postoperative hsTnT ratio to URL (per 10-fold increase) (HR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.04-1.08; p < 0.001) were independent predictors of all-cause 30-day mortality after CABG. In our series, age and higher postoperative hsTnT levels were independent and reliable predictors of all-cause 30-day mortality after CABG.

Prognostic value of the high-sensitivity troponin T assay after percutaneous intervention of chronic total occlusions.

The prognostic value of postprocedural high-sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of chronic total occlusions (CTO) is currently unclear. We aimed to assess the prognostic value of elevated hs-TnT after elective CTO-PCI. The current study included 409 patients undergoing elective CTO-PCI between September 2011 and August 2016 at two centres who had postprocedural hs-TnT measurements available. Clinical, angiographic and procedural characteristics were correlated with any or at least five times the 99th percentile hs-TnT elevation, as well as a 1-year combined endpoint of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) and mortality. Post-CTO-PCI hs-TnT elevation was observed in 85% (n = 349/409) and at least five times hs-TnT elevation occurred in 42% (n = 172/409) of cases. hs-TnT elevation was more frequent in more complex patients (postcoronary artery bypass grafting, peripheral vascular disease, chronic kidney disease, heart failure and multivessel disease) as well as in the more complex CTO procedures (higher Japanese CTO complexity, use of retrograde and antegrade dissection re-entry techniques). After 1 year of follow-up (FU), MACCE was not associated with postprocedural hs-TnT elevation, both any elevation (10.9 vs. 11.7%; P = 0.846) and at least five times hs-TnT elevation (15.7 vs. 11.7%; P = 0.451; hazard ratio = 1.375, confidence interval: 0.599-3.157, P = 0.453), compared with no elevation. A nonsignificant trend towards higher mortality in the at least five times hs-TnT vs. no elevation group (4.7 vs. 0%; P = 0.091) was observed. In patients undergoing CTO-PCI, postprocedural hs-TnT elevation is frequent, but is not correlated with higher MACCE and mortality rates after 1-year FU in our small study population, suggestive of the limited long-term impact of troponin elevation.

OP-368 - Effect of Gender Differences on High Sensitivity Troponin T Measurement in Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial İnfarction

Introduction: Cardiac troponins are markers recommended by current guidelines for detection of myocardial damage and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Determination of decision limits in the measurement of troponin in the case of acute coronary syndrome has great importance. The aim of this study is to determine the diagnostic upper limit value of high sensitivity troponin T for AMI diagnosis in our own community and to investigate whether this threshold value is different between sexes.

P1193Prognostic value of high sensitive troponin I in patients with atrial fibrillation in the emergency department

P1193Prognostic value of high sensitive troponin I in patients with atrial fibrillation in the emergency department

High sensitivity troponin might be a marker of subclinical scleroderma heart involvement: a preliminary study

Introduction Although often asymptomatic, cardiac involvement is common in systemic sclerosis (SSc), and is associated with an increased morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to investigate whether high-sensitivity troponin (HSTn) might represent a useful tool to detect subclinical scleroderma heart involvement (SHI) in SSc. Methods We enrolled 65 consecutive SSc patients who performed HSTn test, electrocardiogram and an echocardiogram within six months of HSTn test. We acquired also data about N-terminal segment of proBNP (NT-proBNP) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI). We excluded patients with overt pulmonary arterial hypertension. We defined as subclinical SHI the presence of the following conditions: diastolic dysfunction, pericardial effusion, conduction abnormalities/arrhythmias, oedema and/or T2 weighted non-ischemic pattern showed by cMRI. Results Twelve patients showed SHI, and 23 and 29, respectively, had high levels of HSTn and of NT-proBNP. SHI is correlated with high levels of HSTn (p = 0.02) with a significant difference between HSTn values in patients with or without SHI (59 vs. 13 ng/mL; p = 0.0097). Moreover, among patients with abnormal NT-proBNP, 18 also had out of range HSTn (Spearman rank correlation 0.5; p&lt;0.0001). According to ROC curve analysis, the best HSTn cut-off value in distinguishing between patients with and patients without SHI was 16 ng/mL (sensitivity 66.7%, specificity 83%; area under the curve: 0.77 (95% CI: 0.65-0.87) p&lt;0.001. Conclusions Our data show a close relationship between HSTn and NT-proBNP in SSc patients with SHI. HSTn might be a marker of SHI while NT-proBNP seems to be less specific for heart dysfunction.

Combination of high-sensitivity troponin I and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide predicts future hospital admission for heart failure in high-risk hypertensive patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction.

Additional risk stratification may provide more aggressive and focalized preventive treatment to high-risk hypertensive patients according to the Japanese hypertension guidelines. We prospectively investigated the predictive value of high-sensitivity troponin I (hsTnI), both independently and in combination with N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), for incident heart failure (HF) in high-risk hypertensive patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Baseline hsTnI and NT-proBNP levels and echocardiography data were obtained for 493 Japanese hypertensive outpatients (mean age, 68.5 years) with LVEF ≥ 50%, no symptomatic HF, and at least one of the following comorbidities: stage 3-4 chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, and stable coronary artery disease. During a mean follow-up period of 86.1 months, 44 HF admissions occurred, including 31 for HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and 13 for HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF; LVEF <50%). Both hsTnI (p < 0.01) and NT-proBNP (p < 0.005) levels were significant independent predictors of HF admission. Furthermore, when the patients were stratified into 4 groups according to increased hsTnI (≥highest tertile value of 10.6pg/ml) and/or increased NT-proBNP (≥highest tertile value of 239.7pg/ml), the adjusted relative risks for patients with increased levels of both biomarkers versus neither biomarker were 13.5 for HF admission (p < 0.0001), 9.45 for HFpEF (p = 0.0009), and 23.2 for HFrEF (p = 0.003). Finally, the combined use of hsTnI and NT-proBNP enhanced the C-index (p < 0.05), net reclassification improvement (p = 0.0001), and integrated discrimination improvement (p < 0.05) to a greater extent than that of any single biomarker. The combination of hsTnI and NT-proBNP, which are individually independently predictive of HF admission, could improve predictions of incident HF in high-risk hypertensive patients but could not predict future HF phenotypes.

Acute kidney injury induces high-sensitivity troponin measurement changes after cardiac surgery

BackgroundThe value of cardiac troponin as a risk assessment tool for cardiac disease in the setting of end-stage renal diseases (ESRD) is not equivalent to its value in those with normal renal function. This consideration had not been studied in settings of acute kidney injury (AKI). We aim to explore the diagnostic value of high sensitive troponin T (hsTnT) in the settings of cardiac surgery-induced AKI.MethodsSingle center observational retrospective study. Based on the AKI Network, patients divided into 2 groups, group I without AKI (259 patients) and group II with AKI (100 patients) where serial testing of hsTnT and creatine kinase (CK)-MB were followed in both groups. Patients with (ESRD) were excluded.ResultsThe mean age in our study was 55.1 ± 10.2 years. High association of AKI (27.8%) was found in our patients. Both groups were matched regarding the age, gender, body mass index, the association of diabetes or hypertension, and Euro score. AKI group had significantly higher mortality 5% vs group I 1.1% (p = 0.03). The hsTnt showed a significant sustained rise in the AKI group as compared to the non-AKI group, however CK-MB changes were significant initially but not sustained.The AKI group was more associated with heart failure 17.9% vs 4.9% (p = 0.001); and post-operative atrial fibrillation, 12.4% vs 2.9% (p = 0.005). Lengths of ventilation, stays in ICU and in hospital were significantly higher in the AKI group.ConclusionsUnlike the CK-MB profile, the hsTnT showed significant changes between both groups all over the course denoting possible delayed clearance in patients with AKI.

Multi-Center Study of the 99th Percentile Value of High-Sensitivity Troponin I in A Normal Healthy Chinese Population

Background: The aim of this study was to establish the 99th percentile value for high sensitivity troponin I in a normal healthy Chinese population and to analyze the differences between different age groups and sex and regions. Methods and Findings: The study included 1,537 cases of normal healthy subjects who were chosen according to a strict inclusion criterion. They were recruited from different regions of China and separated in different age groups. All patients were carefully scanned for any diseases or factors that might influence cardiac troponin levels. The measurement of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin was standardized and tests were repeated several times and all results recorded. We used ARCHITECT-i2000 (Abbott Laboratories, Lake Bluff, Illinois, USA) for measurement of all high sensitivity cardiac troponins. The overall value of the 99th percentile value was 26.42 pg/ml. For the male group 99th percentile value was 29.40 pg/ml and for the female group 99th percentile value was 19.46 pg/ml. The difference in cardiac troponin 99th percentile value for the male and female normal group was statistically significant (P 65 years old had a higher level of high sensitivity cardiac troponin and the difference was statistically significant when compared with other groups. The 99th percentile value corresponded to an imprecision of less than 10%. Conclusions: We established the 99th percentile value for cardiac troponin in the Chinese population and the normal range for males and females and we evaluated the analytical performance of ARCHITECT high sensitivity troponin I assays.

Prognostic Value of High-Sensitivity Troponin-T to Identify Patients at Risk of Left Ventricular Graft Dysfunction After Heart Transplantation

Primary graft dysfunction after heart transplantation (HTx) has a very high mortality rate, especially if the left ventricle (PGD-LV) is involved. Early diagnosis is important to select the appropriate therapy to improve prognosis. The value of high-sensitivity troponin T (HS-TNT) measurement obtained at patient arrival at the intensive care unit was analyzed in 71 HTx patients. Mild or moderate PGD-LV was defined by hemodynamic compromise with one of the following criteria: left ventricular ejection fraction <40%, hemodynamic compromise with right atrial pressure >15 mm Hg, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure >20 mm Hg, cardiac index <2.0 L/min/m2, hypotension (mean arterial pressure <70 mm Hg), and need for high-dose inotropes (inotrope score >10) or newly placed intra-aortic balloon pump. The mean recipient age was 54 ± 12 years (73% men), and donor age was 47 ± 11 years. Ischemic time was 200 ± 51 minutes, and coronary bypass time was 122 ± 31 minutes. Nine (13%) HTx patients were diagnosed with PGD-LV post-HTx, 8 with biventricular dysfunction. Four patients died, 2 with PGD-LV (22%) and 2 without PGD (4%). Mean HS-TNT before HTx was 158 ± 565 ng/L, and post-HT was 1621 ± 1269 ng/L. The area under the curve (receiver-operator characteristic) of HS-TNT to detect patients at risk of PGD-LV was 0.860 (P < .003). A cutoff value of HS-TNT >2000 ng/L had a sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 87% to identify patients at risk of PGD-LV. Multivariate analysis identified HS-TNT >2000 ng/L (P < .02) and coronary bypass-time (P < .01) as independent predictors of PGD-LV. HS-TNT >2000 ng/L at intensive care admission after HT and prolonged coronary bypass time were the most powerful predictors of PGD-LV. HS-TNT may be helpful for early detection of HTx patients at risk of PGD-LV.

High-Sensitivity Troponin T and Mortality After Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

BackgroundThe prognostic value of high-sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT) elevation after elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with or without raised baseline hs-TnT levels is unclear. ObjectivesThe goal of this study was to assess whether the prognostic value of post-procedural hs-TnT level after elective PCI depends on the baseline hs-TnT level. MethodsThis study included 5,626 patients undergoing elective PCI who had baseline and peak post-procedural hs-TnT measurements available. The primary outcome was 3-year mortality (with risk estimates calculated per SD increase of the log hs-TnT scale). ResultsPatients were divided into 4 groups: nonelevated baseline and post-procedural hs-TnT levels (hs-TnT ≤0.014 μg/l; n = 742); nonelevated baseline but elevated post-procedural hs-TnT levels (peak post-procedural hs-TnT >0.014 μg/l; n = 2,721); elevated baseline hs-TnT levels (hs-TnT >0.014 μg/l) with no further rise post-procedure (n = 516); and elevated baseline hs-TnT levels with a further rise post-procedure (n = 1,647). A total of 265 deaths occurred: 6 (1.6%) in patients with nonelevated baseline and post-procedural hs-TnT levels; 54 (3.8%) in patients with nonelevated baseline but elevated post-procedural hs-TnT levels; 50 (16.0%) in patients with elevated baseline hs-TnT levels with no further rise post-procedure; and 155 (18.2%) in patients with elevated baseline hs-TnT levels with a further rise post-procedure (p < 0.001). After adjustment, baseline hs-TnT levels (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.22; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09 to 1.38; p < 0.001) but not peak post-procedural hs-TnT levels (HR: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.85 to 1.28; p = 0.679) were associated with an increased risk of mortality. Peak post-procedural hs-TnT findings were not associated with mortality in patients with nonelevated (HR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.69 to 1.25; p = 0.653) or elevated (HR: 1.24; 95% CI: 0.91 to 1.69; p = 0.165) baseline hs-TnT levels. ConclusionsIn patients with coronary artery disease undergoing elective PCI, an increase in post-procedural hs-TnT level did not offer prognostic information beyond that provided by the baseline level of the biomarker.

HIGH-SENSITIVITY CARDIAC TROPONIN AND B-TYPE NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE ARE USEFUL TO ENHANCE THE RISK STRATIFICATION IN LOW FLOW, LOW GRADIENT AORTIC STENOSIS

Patients with low-flow, low-gradient aortic stenosis (LF-LG AS) with reduced LV ejection fraction have poor outcomes on medical therapy and high operative risk with surgical aortic valve replacement. Elevated (>550 pg/mL) plasma level of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is associated with increased risk of mortality in patients with LF-LG AS and reduced LV ejection fraction (LVEF). The incremental prognostic value of high-sensitivity troponin T (hsTNT) in these patients is however unknown. The objective of this study was to examine the prognostic value of both BNP and hsTNT in patients with LF-LG AS with either preserved or reduced LVEF.

A single value of high-sensitive troponin T below the limit of detection is not enough for ruling out non ST elevation myocardial infarction in the emergency department

BackgroundRecent 2015 ESC recommendations for the management of patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction (AMI) support that a single value of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (HS-cTn) measured at presentation could rule out AMI if below the limit of blank (LoB) or detection (LoD). ObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate whether an undetectable HS-cTnT at presentation safely rules out NSTEMI in unselected patients with chest pain. Patients and methodsThis is a post hoc analysis of two prospective cohorts with similar design that included patients suspected of AMI at three French university hospitals. Patients were followed-up during one month, before the adjudication of a final diagnosis. Results413 patients (mean age 58±17years) were analyzed; 45 (11%) had a final diagnosis of NSTEMI, and 26 (6%) had STEMI. The sensitivity of HS-cTnT value at 3ng/L (LoB) for NSTEMI was 97.8% [95% CI: 86.8–99.9], yielding a negative predictive value (NPV) of 99.3% [95% CI: 95.4–100.0]. Proportion of patients ruled out for NSTEMI was 32% when applying the LoB. The sensitivity of HS-cTnT value at 5ng/L (LoD) was 97.8% [95% CI: 86.8–99.9] yielding a NPV of 99.5% [95% CI: 96.5–100.0]. Proportion of patients ruled out for NSTEMI was 43% when applying the LoD. One patient (delay between onset of chest pain and presentation <3h) had NSTEMI and HS-cTnT <LoB at presentation. ConclusionThe NPV of a single measurement of HS-cTnT below the LoD is high in unselected patients, but not enough to rule out safely NSTEMI for very early presenters.

Prognostic Value of High-sensitivity Troponin T After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease

Introduction and objectivesThe prognostic value of high-sensitivity troponin T after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with stable coronary artery disease is unclear. We investigated this clinically relevant question in 3463 consecutive patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. MethodsThis study included patients with stable coronary artery disease and baseline high-sensitivity troponin T below the 99th percentile upper reference limit (0.014μg/L). High-sensitivity troponin T was measured before and at 6, 12 and 24hours after the procedure. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. ResultsPatients were divided into a group with peak postprocedural troponin T≤99th percentile (n=742), a group with peak postprocedural troponin T>99th to 5×99th percentile (n=1928), and a group with peak postprocedural troponin T>5×99th percentile upper reference limit (n=793). Advanced age, smaller body mass index, baseline troponin level, complex lesions, bifurcation lesions and stented length were independently associated with elevated troponin T levels after the procedure. The median follow-up was 15.5 months. There were 56 deaths: 5 deaths (1.7%) among patients with peak postprocedural troponin T≤99th percentile, 35 deaths (4.5%) among patients with peak postprocedural troponin T>99th to 5×99th percentile and 16 deaths (4.3%) among patients with peak postprocedural troponin T>5×99th percentile upper reference limit (hazard ratio=1.50; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-2.25; P=.047). After adjustment, peak postprocedural troponin T level was not independently associated with mortality after percutaneous coronary intervention (P=.094). ConclusionsIn patients with stable coronary artery disease and without elevated baseline high-sensitivity troponin T, elevated high-sensitivity troponin T level after percutaneous coronary intervention was not associated with postprocedural mortality.