Valencian Country Research Articles

What corpus language planning is in place for public television outlets in the Catalan communicative space?

ABSTRACT This article examines the latest developments in the corpus language planning interventions in the implementation of the codification (Haugen, E. (1983). The implementation of corpus planning: theory and practice. In J. Cobarrubias & J. A. Fishman (Eds.), Progress in language planning. International perspectives (pp. 269–289). Mouton.) of Catalan by Catalan-language media corporations, taking into consideration that Catalan is a pluricentric language (Darder, L. (2015). La variació lingüística en els mitjans audiovisuals com a estratègia conscient. Treballs de sociolingüística catalana, 25, 303–316. https://raco.cat/index.php/TSC/article/view/342907; Costa-Carreras, J. (2021). Compositionality, pluricentricity, and pluri-areality in the Catalan standardisation. In A. Cortijo Ocaña & V. Martines (Eds.), History of Catalonia and its implications for contemporary nationalism and cultural conflict (pp. 182–197). IGI Global; Mas Castells, J. À. (2021). Invitació al pluricentrisme. Notes per a l’estudi d’una llengua pluricèntrica en conflicte. Treballs de sociolingüísticacatalana, 31, 15–30. https://raco.cat/index.php/TSC/article/view/386900) that is standardised both de facto and de jure. It concludes that Muhr, R. (2020). European pluricentric languages in contact and conflict – An overview. In R. Muhr, J. À. Mas Castells, & J. Rueter (Eds.), European pluricentric languages in contact and conflict (pp. 11–64). Peter Lang approach to language variation management does not fit with the Catalan communicative space, and that the proposals, both of the term multi-standard by Auer, P. (2021). Reflections on linguistic pluricentricity. Sociolinguistica, 35(1), 29–47. https://doi.org/10.1515/soci-2021-0003, and of the term location by Dollinger, S. (2019). The pluricentricity debate on Austrian German and other Germanic Standard varieties. Routledge are not needed, as Mas Castells’s (2021) definition of ‘centre’ is fully pertinent for Catalan. A sociolinguistic and standardological perspective has been adopted (Joseph, J. E. (1987). Eloquence and power. The rise of language standards and standard languages. Frances Pinter; Costa-Carreras, J. (forthcoming). On the epistemological status of comparative standardology and standardisation. Caplletra, 79 (fall 2025)) to compare the style guides of three audiovisual media corporations, with an exemplification on a particular issue in relation to both prescription and use. An appropriate description of the linguistic pluricentricity of three Catalan-language media corporations (Darder 2015; Costa-Carreras 2021; Costa-Carreras, J. (2022, June 15–17). What ideological factors are relevant to analyse language variation management for Catalan? Talk presented at the Symposium Rules and incentives in language policy and planning: Economic, legal and sociolinguistic approaches; Mas Castells 2021) is therefore offered: the Catalan Broadcasting Corporation with headquarters in Catalonia, the Valencian Broadcasting Corporation with headquarters the Valencian Country, and the Broadcasting Public Entity of the Balearic Islands with headquarters in the Balearic Islands.

Die Rolle der Schulsprachenpolitik bei der Normalisierung der llengua pròpia in Katalonien und der Region Valencia seit Beginn der Transición

Catalonia and the Valencian Country are characterized by a very special sociolinguistic situation, which consists in the coexistence of the Castilian language as the official language of the Spanish state and the regional languages as co-official languages in the respective Autonomous communities. This constellation holds the potential for political tension, since in the past ‒ but still today ‒ it lead/leads to linguistic conflicts, whose origins lie in the political history of Spain, during which the regional languages time and time again were subject to repressions and prohibitions, that came to a head during the dictatorship of Francisco Franco. Since the beginning of the Spanish transition to democracy it was possible to work towards a resolution of the linguistic conflicts by means of legal norms and a corresponding language legislation. Especially the language teaching policy is an important area of language policy, since it has a long-lasting influence on the language skills of the citizens. The present article gives a detailed description of the measures taken in Catalonia and the Valencian Country concerning the language teaching policies since the beginning of the Spanish transition to democracy. Furthermore, it analyzes, in what way the language skills of the citizens of the Autonomous communities of Catalonia and Valencia have been improved through the applied language teaching policies and finally offers a comparison between the two Regions in this respect. The analysis is based on statistical surveys realized by the Institut d’Estadística de Catalunya (IDESCAT) and the Generalitat Valenciana.

Ecological Analysis of the Helminth Community of the Wood Mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus, along an 18-Year Post-Fire Regeneration Period in a Mediterranean Ecosystem.

Simple SummaryAfter a wildfire, especially in Mediterranean ecosystems, the vegetation starts to recover gradually but appears regenerated after a decade. However, the study of helminth parasites of the wood mouse, the most important post-fire recolonizer mammal in the western Mediterranean forests, allowed us to elucidate the reality of this process more accurately, mainly due to the, sometimes complex, life cycles of the helminths using other hosts (vertebrates and invertebrates) to complete them. Thus, the comparative analysis of various aspects (biodiversity and kinds of life cycles) of the helminth community of the wood mouse, as well as the influence of some external factors (related to the environment and its periodical post-fire regeneration) and internal factors (related to the population of the wood mouse), between the burned area and a non-burned area used as control, reveals the biological indicators (indicators of the situation/evolution of a process) of the post-fire regeneration process and its true state. The current study confirms the important role of the helminths of the wood mouse as biological indicators and the influence that climate variables exercise on the quality and evolution of the post-fire regeneration process in Mediterranean ecosystems.The role of helminths of the wood mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus, as biological indicators of the post-fire regeneration process in Serra Calderona Natural Park, a Mediterranean forest ecosystem located between the provinces of València and Castelló (Valencian Country, Spain), has been analysed for almost twenty years. The helminth ecological analysis of 917 A. sylvaticus (675 originating from the burned area and 242 originating from the control area) has been carried out between the 2nd and 18th post-fire years. The influence of intrinsic (host population density, sex and age) and extrinsic (site, period and year of capture, climate variables) factors on the post-fire evolution of the helminth community of the wood mouse, and the biodiversity, species richness and life cycle of the helminth species was studied. Taking into account the most important results obtained, various aspects of the helminth community dynamics of the wood mouse are confirmed as biological indicators of the post-fire regeneration process in Mediterranean ecosystems. The still existing differences between the two areas are mainly related to the influence of climate variables on the post-fire regeneration process. Moreover, the important role that helminth parasites of the wood mouse play as biological indicators of this process in Mediterranean ecosystems is demonstrated.

Valencian sociolinguistics: Aracil, Ninyoles and the minority question

AbstractThis text provides a review of the earlier and more influential works of Valencian sociolinguists Lluís Vicent Aracil and Rafael Lluís Ninyoles, which had a significant impact in the field from the 1960s to the 1980s, particularly in a number of European minoritized language communities and Latin America. I provide a summary account of their main theoretical innovations, embodied in concepts such as “language conflict,” “linguistic normalization,” “linguistic ideologies,” and “self‐hate”, and I follow up how these concepts were taken up by a number of social movements of linguistic revitalization. To do so, I begin with an account of the social and political conditions that the two authors confronted in their youth, namely the diglossia between Catalan and Spanish in their native Valencian Country, which at the time was under the rule of the dictator Francisco Franco in Spain. After the historical and theoretical appraisal, I follow up the trail of their ideas amongst sociolinguists and language activists in Occitania, Germany, Switzerland, Wales, Mexico, and the Andes, and I assess their impact in the ways in which linguistic minoritization has been constructed from an international perspective.

Voting Transitions in the 2019 Valencian Autonomous Community’s Elections

The political fragmentation following the 2008 Financial Crisis and its economic, social, political and institutional fall-out have led to a growing left-right polarisation of politics and a weakening of the middle ground. The effective number of parliamentary parties is at an all-time high both inthe Spanish Parliament (Congreso) and in the Valencian Autonomous Parliament (Corts). Voters are spoilt for choice and switch party more often. This paper uses transfer matrices to analyse the shifting voting patterns in the European, General, Regional, and Local elections held during 2019 in The Valencian Country. The most salient result is the ever-shifting pattern at each end of the political spectrum. On the right wing, there is the steady advance of Vox. On the left wing, UP and Compromís draw from virtually the same pool of fickle voters, with UP picking up most votes in national elections and Compromís winning hands-down in regional and local elections.

Competitive Discourses among the Valencian Right Wing: Communication and strategy in the 2019 regional elections

The 2019 regional government election in The Valencian Country led to a new panorama on the Right. For the first time, there were three political parties competing for votes. In addition, the notoriety gained by the Far Right created a new political scene, posing a challenge to other parties. This paper analyses how the Partido Popular, Ciudadanos and Vox managed a campaign in which they were both electoral opponents but also potentially future parliamentary allies. The research examines the performance and campaign discourse of these three parties based on content analysis of the coverage of two newspapers’ (Levante-EMV and Las Provincias). The study examines the preferred frames of reference, the main topics, the cultural resonances and the ideological frameworks chosen by these parties. The results showed that news on these parties stressed leadership style and strategy — issues that were highlighted in the parties’ discourses given that they resonate strongly with Conservative voters. The issues chosen by the Far Right had little impact on the messages put over by the majority parties. The presence of three rightwing parties meant each tried to differentiate itself from the others. Vox [the farthest on the right, reminiscent of France’s Front National] tried to distinguish itself from the more mainstream Partido Popular (PP), which in turn was forced to defend its position as the ‘institutional’ party of the right. Ciudadanos (Cs) was the right-wing party that spoke most often of potential co-operation among the three forces.

INDEFINICIÓN, FALTA DE TEORIZACIÓN Y CONFUSIÓN. LA IZQUIERDA REVOLUCIONARIA ANTE LOS "PAÏSOS CATALANS" (1962-1982)

espanolLa idea nacional de los llamados Paisos Catalans tomo fuerza durante los anos del tardofranquismo y la transicion. Su principal teorico, el escritor valenciano Joan Fuster, se convirtio en un totem del antifranquismo. Todas las culturas politicas de Cataluna, el Pais Valenciano o las Baleares debatieron sobre la propuesta nacional fusteriana. La izquierda revolucionaria no fue menos. Toda la amalgama de siglas y organizaciones que formaron parte de esta cultura politica, se vieron abocadas a debatir sobre el tema. Pero el debate fue a remolque tanto de los acontecimientos politicos como de los debates intelectuales que el nacionalismo y la izquierda mayoritaria llevaron a cabo. La falta de teorizacion y la indefinicion se convirtieron en la regla general English: The national idea of the so-called Catalan Countries took off during late francoism and the transition. Its main theorist, the Valencian writer Joan Fuster, turned into a totem of the anti-Franco struggle. All the political cultures in Catalonia, the Valencian Country and the Balearic Islands debated on Fuster’s national proposal. The revolutionary left did not stay out of the discussion. The whole amalgam of acronyms and organizations that were part of this political culture , were bound to debate on the topic . Nevertheless, the discussion was always lagging behind the political events as well as the intellectual debates which nationalism and the majority of the leftist movement carried out. Both, the lack of theorizing and vagueness became the general rule

Dades de plantes al·lòctones per a l’est de la península Ibèrica

Con las observaciones de los últimos años en el este de la península ibérica (concretamente en Cataluña, País Valenciano y la provincia de Teruel), se aportan un conjunto de datos corológicos de 41 plantas alóctonas naturalizadas u ocasionales. Cabe destacar Annona cherimola y Manihot grahamii que se citan por primera vez en la flora ibérica; Echinopsis pachanoi y Hydrocotyle verticillata para Cataluña; Solandra maxima en el País Valenciano. Se tiene que excluir Opuntia pestifer de la flora valenciana, ya que se confirma que las citas anteriores corresponden a Opuntia aurantiaca. Además, se aportan nuevas localidades de Acacia karroo, Cylindropuntia kleiniae, Euphorbia tirucalli, Leucaena leucocephala, Lophocereus marginatus, Nicandra physalodes, Pelargonium inquinans, Physalis peruviana, Podranea ricasoliana, Sedum pachyphyllum, Senna corymbosa, Tradescantia pallida y Tradescantia sillamontana, táxones interesantes y poco conocidos en la flora alóctona del este ibérico. [ca] Amb les observacions dels darrers anys fetes a l’est de la península Ibèrica (concretament a Catalunya, País Valencià i la província de Terol), s’aporten un conjunt de dades corològiques de 41 plantes al·lòctones naturalitzades o ocasionals. Cal destacar Annona cherimola i Manihot grahamii que es citen per primera vegada a la flora ibèrica; Echinopsis pachanoi i Hydrocotyle verticillata per a Catalunya; Solandra maxima per al País Valencià. Cal excloure Opuntia pestifer de la flora valenciana, ja que es confirma que les cites anteriors corresponen a Opuntia aurantiaca. A més a més, s’aporten noves localitats de Acacia karroo, Cylindropuntia kleiniae, Euphorbia tirucalli, Leucaena leucocephala, Lophocereus marginatus, Nicandra physalodes, Pelargonium inquinans, Physalis peruviana, Podranea ricasoliana, Sedum pachyphyllum, Senna corymbosa, Tradescantia pallida i Tradescantia sillamontana, tàxons interessants i poc coneguts a la flora al·lòctona de l’est ibèric.

Els clubs de lectura a les biblioteques públiques de Catalunya, el País Valencià i les Illes Balears

Summary: Book clubs – a phenomenon that comes from afar – have experienced remarkable quantitative and qualitative expansion lately. This paper aims at describing the deployment of book clubs in Catalonia, the Valencian Country and the Balearic Islands for the first time. The research is based on a survey carried out among the public libraries of the three territories and intends to describe the main features of this phenomenon, including the linguistic uses in this particular context. The results show a different degree of deployment of book clubs, which is a more ingrained and diversified phenomenon in Catalonia than in the other territories. The comparative study of the characteristics of book clubs allows us to suggest strategies to facilitate the expansion of book clubs in the Valencian Country and the Balearic Islands. Keywords: Book clubs, Catalan language, public libraries, description, comparative study, linguistic usage

La ayuda humanitaria de los British Quakers durante la Guerra Civil española (1936-1939): el caso del Hospital Infantil de Polop de la Marina (Alicante)

Debido a su condición geoestratégica de retaguardia durante la Guerra Civil española, el País Valenciano se convirtió en una de las zonas republicanas que acogieron mayor número de refugiados, entre ellos muchos niños. El Estado republicano se mostró del todo incapaz de afrontar los retos derivados de esta crisis demográfica y sanitaria e hizo un llamamiento en busca de ayuda. Una de las primeras agencias humanitarias transnacionales en responder fue la Religious Society of Friends del Reino Unido, más conocidos como el Friends Service Committee o simplemente los Quakers, una comunidad religiosa disidente fundada en Inglaterra en el siglo XVII. Durante la Guerra Civil, los cuáqueros impulsaron numerosas iniciativas de carácter humanitario en los dos bandos enfrentados, habilitando colonias agrícolas, talleres, cantinas y hospitales. 
 
 Este trabajo analiza en profundidad el hospital infantil que los Quakers habilitaron en Alicante en septiembre de 1937 y que posteriormente fue trasladado al municipio de Polop de la Marina. Nos centraremos en aspectos tales como la ubicación y administración del centro sanitario, el tipo de pacientes que allí se atendieron, el personal sanitario que allí trabajó, la evolución del hospital a lo largo de la guerra y su recorrido tras la victoria franquista, así como la motivación que impulsó a los voluntarios británicos a promover ese proyecto y a llevarlo a cabo. Asimismo, reconstruiremos la figura y la trayectoria de Manuel Blanc Rodríguez (1899-1971), un pediatra desconocido por la historiografía, que asumió la dirección de ese hospital británico.

Following Hydrogen Cyanide in the Valencian Country (1907-1933): Risk, Accidents and Standards in Fumigation

Abstract Pests had represented a major problem in agriculture for centuries, but the huge changes in the food chain around the late nineteenth century intensified their effects in a totally unprecedented way and many new chemical substances were introduced in the attempt to control them. In this paper I will focus on the implementation of hydrogen cyanide, a highly toxic pesticide which has not received particular consideration from researchers to date. I shall analyse the introduction of this pesticide in the Valencian Country and focus on the attention given to the safety of workers and consumers. I aim to examine the role of the poison in its different uses and analyse the impact of each of them on safety regulations. Risks, accidents, and standards will be the main analytical categories I will use in my exploration of hydrogen cyanide and the safety regulations implemented in each context.

Periodistas valencianos de los años 20 y 30. Algunos nombres de referencia de la generación del exilio de 1939

Durante los años 20 y 30 del siglo XX surgió en el País Valenciano una generación de periodistas entre los que se encuentran algunas de las firmas más destacadas del periodismo valenciano de todos los tiempos. Paradójicamente, se trata de trayectorias que han quedado desdibujadas por las circunstancias históricas, fundamentalmente por el exilio republicano. Este trabajo parte de la selección de aquellos más relevantes, desde una perspectiva periodística profesional. Atendiendo a su trayectoria y su producción, se han seleccionado los más relevantes para reconstruir sus biografías profesionales como punto de partida para su recuperación como grupo y el posterior estudio de su obra.

Otro eufemismo de la verborrea represiva Franquista: La libertad vigilada. Control y supeditación social. Un ejemplo desde el país valenciano

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo mostrar una modalidad de la represión franquista: la denominada libertad vigilada, o sea la excarcelación de penados antes del cumplimiento de condena. La metodología empleada ha consistido en rastrear el proceso y sus normativas mediante la consulta de fuentes primarias, contrastándolas con la escasa producción historiográfica. Hemos tenido la suerte de encontrar documentación dispersa en archivos menores del país valenciano. Todo ello conlleva que el debate historiográfico no se haya producido a la espera de nuevas aportaciones. El fenómeno de libertad vigilada únicamente se aplicaba a penados por razones políticas. Dada la magnitud de los mismos, se configuró una legislación concreta y a gestar un conglomerado de organismos dedicados a la vigilancia de los penados, que a pesar de quedar en libertad continuaban siendo considerados presos. Las razones de estas excarcelaciones venían provocadas por el inmenso volumen humano derivado de la represión franquista.

LA INTEGRACIÓN DE LAS COOPERATIVAS Y SU COMPETITIVIDAD: LA COOPERATIVA DE BENAGUASIL, LA REALIDAD DE UN SUEÑO

El sector agroalimentario es estratégico para la sociedad en general El campo valenciano se enfrenta a problemas estructurales derivados del abandono de las tierras por su escasa rentabilidad, la parca movilidad del mercado de la tierra y una insuficiente adaptación al mercado. y la agroindustria ofrece una excelente oportunidad para el desarrollo del mismo Problemas que, a nuestro entender, se pueden solucionar con alternativas reales que impulsen nuevos procesos productivos vinculados a estrategias de comercialización. Desde esta perspectiva, nos acercamos al proyecto piloto de gestión de la producción llevado a cabo en la Cooperativa Rural San Vicent Ferrer de Benaguasil, situada en Valencia, se postula en pro de la innovación en la gestión y modernización de la producción para potenciar la planificación comercial y la gestión en común.Palabras Clave: Nuevas fórmulas jurídicas, innovación en gestión, agroalimentación, modernización de la producción, contrato de gestión y planificación de la producción, cesión de derechos de pagos básicos.

Cambio generacional, familia y profesorado en la crisis de la educación política franquista

The article analyzes the crisis of political education promoted by the Franco dictatorship during the sixties and seventies. It devotes special attention to the importance of generational change. It is based on an in-depth investigation with oral sources and official reports focused on the case of the Valencian Country. On the one hand, it analyzes the processes of political education in the identification with the dictatorship of Franco developed in the field of «winning» families, paying particular attention to its exhaustion among those born since the late 1940s. On the other hand, it analyzes the growing problems faced by the education system to achieve socialization in the authoritarian and conservative values promoted by the dictatorship. In particular, it deals with the case of the lack of involvement of the new generations of teachers in the Falange educational project, the single party of fascist origin.

Institutionalization and Settlement of Neoshamanisms in Spain: The Case of the Valencian Country

In this article, we explore the penetration of different shamanic currents in the new millennium in Spain, with a particular focus on the Region of Valencia. The traditions in this area differ from the shamanic traditions that had been previously adopted in two aspects: they are different shamanic currents and they follow their own settlement dynamics. By using a qualitative methodology based on a combination of thorough interviews and field observations, we have approached diverse neoshamanic manifestations in the years 2015, 2016 and 2017. We have used some of the interviews and observations of our field work. Our unit of analysis has been the Region of Valencia although the theory could be applied to the whole country. Besides, the information that circulates around websites and social media has been taken into account too. From the year 2005 on, new neo-shamanic currents have come to the Region of Valencia. That allows us to speak about a second phase in which the extension, institutionalization and settlement of the phenomenon occur together with a reconfiguration of the traditions that is shown in specific examples. All of this is shown through specific examples: the sakb’e, white way; the followers of Michel Harner and the Ayahuasca intake. The first two are centres/schools where training is given, that is, schools where the shaman’s apprentice is trained in different techniques and trainings for a set period of time that leads to a degree that certificates the training has been completed. They are good examples of the process of institutionalization of the phenomenon. The third example illustrates how the ayahuasca intake is reconfigured through the case that is specifically presented in this article.

Biogeographic evaluation of the dragonflies and damselflies in the Eastern Iberian Peninsula

Insects are one of the most diverse groups of animals in terrestrial ecosystems, and are thus a good model system to study macrogeographic patterns in species’ distributions. Here we perform a biogeographical analysis of the dragonflies and damselflies in the Valencian Country (Eastern Iberian Peninsula). We also compare the species present in this territory with those in the adjacent territories of Catalonia and Aragon, and with those present in the whole Iberian Peninsula. Furthermore, we update the list of species of dragonflies and damselflies in the Valencian territory (65 species), and discuss the current status of two of them: Macromia splendens and Lindenia tetraphylla. Our results highlight that the Valencian Country has a higher proportion of Ethiopian elements but a lower proportion of Eurosiberian elements than Catalonia and Aragon. We also emphasize the importance of volunteer work in providing new knowledge on this group of iconic insects, and the relevance of museum collections in preserving them. The role of climate change in the distribution of Odonata is also discussed.

La seducción de las lenguas y los jóvenes (2ª parte): estudio sobre mudas lingüísticas y neohablantes

Recientemente en el mundo académico se ha difundido y popularizado la noción de neohablantes. Hace algunos años estudiamos el poder de atracción que el valenciano, en proceso de normalización desde la década de los 80 del siglo pasado, y el castellano, ejercían sobre los jóvenes valencianos. En este artículo nos proponemos, además de contribuir a difundir los últimos datos procedentes de encuestas y censos lingüísticos que no han sido ampliamente publicados, retomar el tema de la seducción del valenciano para averiguar la posible influencia de la edad, además del lugar de nacimiento (y residencia). Los resultados muestran el retroceso imparable del valenciano entre la sociedad valenciana por una parte y, por otra, la importancia de la zona de residencia en las mudas lingüísticas de los jóvenes.

Antiguas excavaciones, nuevas respuestas. El yacimiento epimagdaleniense de la Cova del Clot de l'Hospital (Roquetes, Baix Ebre)

El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido estudiar los materiales obtenidos con las excavaciones de Francesc Esteve Gálvez en la Cova del Clot de l’Hospital (Bajo Ebro), yacimiento de finales del Pleistoceno-inicios del Holoceno, descubierto por él mismo el año 1945. La representación de raspadores, truncaduras, buriles y laminitas de dorso, entre otros tipos, permite atribuirlo al Epimagdaleniense, atribución corroborada por dos fechas radiocarbónicas sobre huesos de fauna: 11.115 y 10.045 BP. De esta forma, este yacimiento se suma a un numeroso conjunto de yacimientos del período citado, conocidos en las provincias de Tarragona y de Castellón de la Plana. Así mismo, el estudio de los restos faunísticos ha determinado que fue ocupado por un grupo de cazadores que explotaron sus alrededores, abruptos y montañosos, como territorio estacional de caza de la cabra montés.

Assessment of the effects of Percnon gibbesi in taxocenosis decapod crustaceans in the Iberian southeast (Alicante, Spain).

Assessment of the effects of Percnon gibbesi in taxocenosis decapod crustaceans in the Iberian southeast (Alicante, Spain).