Uzbekistan Research Articles

Decontamination of aeration station wastewater using ultraviolet radiation

The article discusses the treatment and neutralization of wastewater from aeration stations (Republic of Uzbekistan) using a physical method, using ultraviolet radiation of wastewater after mechanical and biological treatment, where liquid chlorine gas is currently used to neutralize wastewater, research work has been carried out on the selection of optimal parameters for the neutralization of wastewater with ultraviolet radiation. Currently, wastewater treatment with ultraviolet radiation is successfully used in countries such as China, Russia, Canada, the USA and South Korea.

Potential of Ecotourism in Uzbekistan: Regional Aspect

The article examines the problems and prospects for the development of ecotourism in the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as its role in ensuring sustainable socio-economic growth and environmental protection. The study analyzes the potential of various regions of the country for the development of ecotourism taking into account the unique natural conditions, cultural and historical heritage and strategic geographical location. Particular attention is paid to practical measures and recommendations for the development of ecotourism, including issues of attracting investment, improving tourism infrastructure and training qualified personnel. The work emphasizes the importance of ecotourism as a means of reducing anthropogenic impact on nature and increasing the tourist attractiveness of the country. It is concluded that the successful development of ecotourism in Uzbekistan requires an integrated approach aimed at the rational use of natural resources and sustainable development of regions.

Ecological Comfort of Green Spaces for Urban Parking

The article presents an overview of numerical solutions of computational fluid dynamics in the field of urban planning. The study is devoted to new solutions to maintain a comfortable microclimate in urban spaces in hot climates. Such territories require comprehensive urban planning and scientifically based environmental assessment. Numerical modelling in the Ansys Fluent software package is considered using the example of the influence of turbulence models on airflow parameters near a building site with and without green spaces. The article analyses the temperature and aeration conditions of the adjacent car park in three options: open (without landscaping); fenced with bushes; fenced with bushes with a canopy made of lightweight construction, without internal partitions, on the territory of an existing residential development, consisting of a group of 16-storey buildings in the new modern multi-storey micro district Karasuv in Samarkand (Republic of Uzbekistan). The performed CFD analysis provided an opportunity to determine the most effective localization of green spaces due to the consideration of their different combinations. The use of the CFD method when solving a problem makes it possible to optimize the period of pre-design analysis. The resulting numerical model of a house parking lot can be used to assess the impact of wind conditions and temperature regulation using a system of green spaces that provide stable and balanced heat input to the environment.

The fauna of collembola in soil layers of natural ecosystems of Kashkadarya region (Republic of Uzbekistan)

The fauna of collembola in soil layers of natural ecosystems of Kashkadarya region (Republic of Uzbekistan)

Possibilities of Using Technologies in Digital Transformation of Sustanable Development

The use of digital learning in the educational process, issues with teaching staff in the open-source digital learning system, pedagogical approaches to open education, and research done in the Republic of Uzbekistan are all examined in this article. The development of socio-economic realms as well as our daily activities today would be impossible without the widespread use of digital technology, which have now permeated every aspect of our life. Naturally, the arrival of cutting-edge technologies is profoundly altering the way that tax administration operates. It deals with more than just the interaction between taxpayers and tax authorities. It also introduces changes in everything from the submission of declarations to the ways that taxes are paid and the preservation of data.

A mathematical model to attract investments for power supply in the Republic of Uzbekistan

The article analyzes the impact of structural transformations and attraction of investments in improving the power supply of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the correlation-regression dependence of net profit received from income before taxation and income tax on the generated electricity by the enterprises of the energy system of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2005-2020 and developed proposals for its improvement. The analysis focuses on the econometric model of this process and establishes the indicators of net profit obtained by supplying electricity to accomplish the task.

Осведомленность врачей в Узбекистане о целиакии: исследование на основе анкетирования

Objective. To assess the level of awareness of celiac disease, its timely diagnosis and effective treatment among primary care and hospital physicians. Patients and methods. A total of 207 physicians from the Republic of Uzbekistan participated in the study. The questionnaire included 17 questions about clinical manifestations, diagnosis, identification of risk groups and treatment of celiac disease. Results. Only 31.9% of respondents were aware of the autoimmune mechanism of celiac disease. More than 71% of physicians, especially primary care, know well about the typical manifestations of celiac disease (diarrhea, underweight), but quite rarely consider constipation (25.1%), abdominal pain of unknown etiology (46.9%), common colds (24.6%) as a manifestation of celiac disease. Low awareness of the association of celiac disease with autoimmune thyroiditis (20.8%), type 1 diabetes (14.9%), and infertility (34.3%) was shown. Only 43.9% of physicians use to anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies as serological markers of celiac disease, 30.9% continue to focus on anti-gliadin antibodies. Only 32.9% of patients with suspected celiac disease are referred to a gastroenterologist for evaluation. Conclusion. The results of the study demonstrate a rather low level of awareness of clinical manifestations, methods of diagnosis and treatment of celiac disease among physicians in the Republic of Uzbekistan. It is necessary to develop additional educational programs and introduce modern research methods, especially in remote regions of the country, for timely diagnosis and treatment of celiac disease. Key words: celiac disease, diagnosis, treatment, physicians, survey

Эмпирический инструментарий для оценки уровня благосостояния и бедности населения (опыт Узбекистана)

This article analyzes the empirical tools for assessing the well-being and poverty levels of the population in Uzbekistan for further improvement of the social protection system. The article promotes the relevance of improving the effectiveness of social protection through a critical and analytical study of existing experience and identification of problem points in this area. The task of sociological research was to develop practical recommendations for improving the sociological assessment and monitoring of factors of the effectiveness of the poverty reduction and social protection system in Uzbekistan. The representativeness of the study is ensured on the basis of a random sample of a systematic nature. The following methods were used for field research: expert assessment and online questionnaires. As part of the expert assessment, more than 70 experts and practitioners in the field of poverty reduction and social protection of the population were interviewed. More than 1,200 representatives participated in the online survey. The social protection system in Uzbekistan is an institutional sphere of the State. This system reflects the development strategy of the society and serves as a guarantor of the interests of both individuals and society. Social protection determines the rational distribution of socio-economic resources of the country in accordance with the objectives of social policy.

THE IMPACT OF PROFESSIONAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL QUALITIES ON THE PROCEDURE OF CONDUCTING A PHASED TESTIMONY OF CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS’ PARTICIPANTS

This article discusses procedural and tactical foundations of testimony of participants in criminal trials according to the legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan. In particular, the article debates on the following issues: the purpose and grounds for attracting an individual to participate in criminal trials; specifics of using techniques during testimony; influence of professional and psychological qualities of a judge in soliciting a testimony; and finally, requirements for processing the results of a testimony.

Recommendations for the use of efficient water resources in mountainous areas and its economic-mathematical model

Taking into account the global nature of this problem, creating modern methods and economic-mathematical models of the use of clean drinking water resources that are inefficiently used in winter and spring in the mountainous regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan, creating an artificial water basin by attracting foreign and national investors by advertising reasonable information about clean drinking water resources taken as the goal of the idea Garasha river area, to ensure the reawakening of nature around the basin, and to create conditions for the establishment of tourist zones in the recreation areas that are expected to be created by people. The next solution of the idea is the construction of model residences for the population living at the risk of floods, and the preliminary project of water supply has been developed with the support of our state and investors. Optimal use of water resources is increasingly recognized as a strategic issue for countries.

Cluster method in teaching plant science

in the structure of higher education in the field of agriculture of the Republic of Uzbekistan, there is a need for theoretical and practical training taught in vocational colleges, as well as in the transition period on the basis of modern new pedagogical technologies.The use of a new pedagogical technology - "Cluster method" in the topic of crop production "Oil crops" - soybean and sorghum plants are interesting for students to perceive the topic, and at the same time interesting for the use of the teacher to study the topic is considered a convenient method of presenting information in a certain sequence based on consistency and didactic principles.

Modern food protection

The article provides data on grown vegetables such as tomatoes, cucumbers, radishes, peppers, various greens such as dill, celery, ginger, basil and cilantro, as well as fruits such as apples, pears, grapes, pomegranates that need protection. So, a lot of work is being done to protect food products, including by farms and dekhkan farms to protect them. Everywhere they are switching to a cluster management system. According to the information service of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Uzbekistan, today there are 342.5 thousand hectares of orchards in our country. Of these, 250.7 thousand hectares belong to farms and agricultural enterprises, the rest belongs to households. The main task is to separate and sell ready-made food products or semi-finished products on the markets, without throwing away processed products of various types and varieties.

ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF TAX CONSULTING IN ALTERNATIVE RESOLUTION OF TAX DISPUTES

The author of this article describes the theoretical and practical aspects of legal mechanisms for alternative dispute resolution. In this scientific work was carried out a systematic analysis of the norms of alternative resolution of tax disputes established by the Tax Code and other regulatory legal acts of the Republic of Uzbekistan, was conducted a comparative study of foreign experience in this area, were analyzed existing problems, were developed recommendations for their solution and were given proposals for improving legislation in the analyzed area. At the same time, has been analyzed the works, that carried out in our country on the alternative resolution of tax disputes, as well as on the prevention, identification and elimination of possible disputes in the tax area. Separately noted, that today the sphere of tax consulting in the country is being formed systematically and in stages. Also, author of this article analyzed the large-scale systematic work carried out to create a fair, transparent tax system for taxpayers and bring the system of alternative dispute resolution in line with international standards, as well as to strengthen the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of taxpayers.

Liver cirrhosis in the elderly population: analysing prevalence and gender characteristics within the biotechnological framework

Liver cirrhosis stands as the predominant cause of mortality within digestive system diseases, excluding tumours, with a prevalence of 2-3 per cent among liver diseases. The temporal trajectory of liver cirrhosis development is intricately linked to diverse risk factors, underscoring the pivotal role of early detection and coordinated treatment. This study emphasizes the significance of mitigating complications associated with cirrhosis, ranging from gastrointestinal bleeding to spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, liver encephalopathy, and kidney failure. In this article, we present the outcomes of a rigorous 21-year clinical epidemiological monitoring initiative focused on the distribution of liver cirrhosis among the elderly population in the Andijan region of the Republic of Uzbekistan, with specific attention to gender characteristics. The findings not only contribute to the scientific understanding of liver cirrhosis prevalence within the elderly demographic but also align with the biotechnological framework. The results promise to optimize practices for primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of liver cirrhosis within the specified biotechnological perspectives. Moreover, the data serves as a foundational basis for the creation of prognostic tables and the development of innovative technologies. The article concludes with practical recommendations derived from the analytical results, offering valuable insights to address the complexities of liver cirrhosis in the elderly within the context of the biotechnological framework.

JUDICIAL SYSTEM IN THE CONSTITUTION AND LEGISLATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

The independence and development of the Republic of Uzbekistan is directly related to the Constitution and the law. Our constitution and laws contribute to the establishment of our country on the world scale and the strengthening of our statehood, and never ignore human dignity, rights and freedoms. We all know that the rules that put human dignity in its place and ensure that it is manifested as a supreme value are implemented by the judicial system established in the Constitution and laws. This article talks about the work being done on the judicial system in the Constitution and legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

Using modern technologies to improve the vegetable cultivator

This paper explores the selection of high-yielding potato varieties suitable for various soil and climatic conditions, the use of modern scientific technologies in their cultivation, the current state and significance of potato cultivation in the soil and climatic conditions of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and the importance of employing specific techniques such as a motoblock for potato cultivation in homesteads or small farms. The paper also presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies conducted on the study of the grinding angle of the cultivator softener paw. The research findings suggest that the optimal grinding angle for the vegetable cultivator softener claw should be within the range of 25º-30º, ensuring the necessary soil quality and minimal resistance of the working body. This study highlights the importance of selecting appropriate potato varieties and utilizing modern scientific technologies for successful potato cultivation in Uzbekistan.

Breeding and Seed Farming of Desert Forage Plants in Uzbekistan

The article provides a description of the best-zoned varieties of desert forage plants intended for the intensification of fodder production in the semi-desert and desert zones of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The features of agricultural technology for creating highly productive pasture agrophytocenoses in desert and semi-desert zones are given. In the breeding of desert fodder plants, traditional methods were widely used, which consider the biological characteristics of the reproduction of each particular species. The created local varieties of desert fodder plants contributed to the creation of highly productive pasture agrophytocenoses in the conditions of deserts and semi-deserts of Uzbekistan with fodder productivity of 19-27.0 q/ha of dry weight.

Non-traditional ways of enriching flour and bread products based on local plant raw materials

This article provides information on measures to prevent micronutrient deficiency, which is one of the important problems of the population. The purpose of the research work is to determine the phytochemical composition of the green peel of locally produced walnuts and justify their use for the enrichment of flour products. Its quality is checked in accordance with the established requirements of state standards. Indicators of the level of toxicological safety of walnut peel greens were determined according to generally accepted methods in accordance with the requirements of Sanitary Rules, Norms and Hygiene Standards of the Republic of Uzbekistan. According to the results of a laboratory study, the amount of toxic heavy metals and pesticides in raw materials did not exceed the normative indicators, no harmful compounds were noted. The data obtained indicate that the studied raw material complies with the regulatory requirements of toxicological safety. The microbiological composition of the studied raw materials was determined by growing substrates on agar media under conditions favorable for the growth of a colony of microorganisms, and then the species composition and amount of microflora were determined by phase-contrast microscopy.

THE CABINET OF MINISTERS AS A SUBJECT OF THE LAW-MAKING PROCESS: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS IN LEGISLATION

This article talks about the powers of the Cabinet of Ministers in the field of lawmaking and its role in legislation, analyzes the definitions of legislative activity, explains the powers of the Cabinet of Ministers, its connection with other legislative processes. Manufacturing of objects and its features. It is substantiated that the law-making activity of the central collegial executive body occupies a special place in the national legal system, based on the position and legal status of this entity in the system of state bodies. In addition, the author’s definitions of such concepts as legislative activity and legislative activity of the Cabinet of Ministers are given, various aspects of resolutions and orders of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan are shown. It is concluded that although the resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers are not aimed at establishing, amending or repealing a new legal norm, they determine the official regulation of one or another type of social relations by the state. In addition to the above, based on an analysis of the norms of the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On Regulatory Legal Acts”, “On the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan”, proposals have been put forward to introduce relevant norms into Articles 36 and 37 of the Law “On the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan” and into the “Regulations of the Cabinet Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan".

CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL BASES OF CITIZENSHIP OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

The article examines the constitutional and legal foundations of citizenship in the Republic of Uzbekistan, analyzes the norms of the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan on citizenship, the relationship between a citizen and the state, the concept of citizenship, the theory and content of the institution of citizenship at the present stage.