UV Spectrophotometric Method Research Articles

Simultaneous UV-Spectrophotometric Estimation of Aceclofenac and Cyclobenzaprine HCl by three different methods

Background: An Aceclofenac and Cyclobenzaprine HCl is NSAID and antidipressive agent, a rare combination. Objective: The aim was to develop and validate new UV-spectrophotometric methods. Method: In first method (M-I) simultaneous estimation with forced degradation was performed. In second method (M-II) simultaneous estimation by derivatization technique was performed. In third method (M III) the simple simultaneous estimation was performed. The abbreviations ACE and CYC are used for Aceclofenac and Cyclobenzaprine HCl in the current manuscript. Results: In method I, the linearity range was obtained as 5 - 25µg/ml with correlation coefficient 1 respectively. The results were 99.45% 99.50% 99.97% 99.78% 99.36% 99.67% respectively for both the drugs. The forced degradation for both drugs by applying the method was carried out. In method II, the derivatization with 2% ninhydrin was carried out. The correlation coefficient was obtained as 1 for both the drugs respectively. The recovery study values were obtained as 95.60%, 95.95%, and 95.53% 95.85% 98.82% 98.33% respectively for both the drugs. In the method III, the correlation coefficient of both the drugs was 1. The recovery study values were obtained as 99.56-100.32% 99.05 – 100.2% for both drugs respectively. Conclusion: All values were obtained in the acceptable range of as per ICH guidelines. The forced degradation was useful to obtain stability indicating data for this combination. The derivatization technique is first time used for the analysis of this combination. The one-way analysis of variance (ANNOVA) shows no significant difference among these three methods. As no methods are available for this new and recent combination, these methods can be routinely used for the analysis of these drugs.

Development and Validation of a UV Spectrophotometric Method for determination of Ondansetron hydrochloride in Bulk and Tablet Dosage Form

Our goal is to create and validate a UV Spectrophotometric method for estimating the Ondansetron HCL. According to ICH criteria, the procedure was verified. At 248.8nm, ondansetron has its highest absorption. Between 2 and 22g/ml, the linearity was noted. Recovery studies supported the analysis' findings. The findings of the validation parameters showed that the suggested technique was determined to be exact, precise, repeatable, sensitive, and appropriate for regular quality control analysis for estimation of ondansetron hydrochloride in solid dose formulation.

Development and Validation of Stability Indicating UV Spectrophotometric Method for Estimation of Resveratrol in Bulk and Tablet Dosage Form

A simple, sensitive, accurate, trustworthy, and stable UV spectrophotometric approach has been devised to quantify resveratrol in pharmaceutical formulations and bulk materials. After scanning the UV spectrum from 200 to 400 nm, the highest wavelength for absorption was determined to be 306 nm. For the medication, Beer’s rule has been adhered to within a concentration range of 1 to 5 μg/mL. While the developed method was able to recover a good amount of drug (%Recovery), the precision study’s percentage RSD values were ≥2%. The method demonstrated effective functionality for a pharmaceutical dosage form containing resveratrol, free from interference from the excipients. Correspondingly, the limit of detection (LoD) for resveratrol were 0.13 and 0.40 μg/mL. The results of this investigation have been confirmed in accordance with ICH standards. Research on artificial degradation has been greenlit, which investigates the impacts of several environmental factors over a broad pH spectrum, including heat, oxidation, photolysis, and hydrolysis vulnerability

Investigation of Chemical Compounds and Effect of Astragalus Galactites (Pall.) on MSU Crystal-Induced Acute Gouty Arthritis in Rats

The objective of the present investigation is to identify the biologically active components of Astragalus galactites (AG) and examine their effect on rats of acute gouty arthritis induced by crystals of the compound monosodium urate (MSU). Analyses of AG chemical constituents and their antioxidant activity were performed using both UV spectrophotometric and HPLC methods. Twenty-five adult Wistar rat males in total were assigned at random to a choice of five groups: AG 160 mg/kg, AG 330 mg/kg, MSU group, control group, and normal group. We reported the contents of Formononetin 1.97 µg/mL, Astragaloside IV 0.56 mg/mL, and total flavonoid 0.22±0.07% in the aerial part of our sample AG. In the DPPH scavenging assay, methanol and ethanol extracts established antioxidant properties with an IC50 concentration of 91.04 µg/mL and 93.13 µg/mL, respectively. In the ABTS scavenging assay, IC50 concentrations of 387.2 µg/mL (methanol extract) and 436.2 µg/mL (ethanol extract) were also shown. This investigation also looked at the histopathological characteristics related to MSU-induced gouty arthritis in order to assess the preventive effects of the AG plant on inflammatory mediator levels. In the AG 330 mg/kg group, the level of PGE2 significantly reduced (p<0.001). Our results showed that the AG 330 mg/kg group was relatively effective in the treatment of gouty arthritis compared to other groups, which appears to be mediated by inhibiting the release of cytokines that pro-inflammation. The main compounds of the AG medicine plant, flavonoids and saponins, are acutely anti-gout due to the resulting decrease in PGE2 levels. We have hypothesized that it is able to treat acute gouty arthritis by reducing levels of UA and PGE2, providing an anti-inflammatory effect. This study contributes to the body of evidence that AG can be utilized in preventing and treating hyperuricemia.

A Rapid Continuous Flow Injection Analysis Method Development for Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride

Background: Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (DPH) is widely used as an antihistamine for treating various allergic conditions and symptoms. Traditional analytical methods for quantifying DPH often involve complex procedures and instrumentation. However, recent advancements in nanotechnology and analytical techniques offer opportunities for developing simpler and more efficient methods for DPH analysis. Method: This study presents a novel approach for quantifying DPH using continuous flow injection analysis (CFIA) combined with turbidimetric measurements. The precipitation reaction between DPH and 3,5-dinitro salicylic acid was utilized in an aqueous medium system. Various physical and chemical parameters were optimized, including the concentration of precipitating reagent, reaction medium (acids and salts), irradiation source intensity, volume of sample segment, and delay reaction coil. Results: Optimization of physical and chemical parameters revealed that a concentration of 15 m.mol/Liter for 3,5-dinitro salicylic acid, distilled water as the reaction medium, and an irradiation source intensity of 3.1 VDC produced optimal results. The linear dynamic range for DPH concentration was determined to be 0.01-20 m.mol/Liter. Comparison with the traditional UV-spectrophotometric method showed comparable results, indicating the reliability of the proposed CFIA method. Conclusion: The CFIA method presented in this study offers several advantages over traditional analytical methods for quantifying DPH in pharmaceutical formulations. It provides high sensitivity, speed, simplicity, and improved accuracy. The proposed approach has the potential for widespread application in pharmaceutical analysis, offering a cost-effective and easily manipulable solution for routine laboratory use. Overall, this study demonstrates a significant advancement in the measurement of DPH, which could simplify processes for pharmaceutical analysis and enhance industrial production levels.

Development and Validation of a Viable and User-Friendly Spectrophotometric Analytical Method for Estimation of Assay of Formoterol and Beclomethasone in Metered Dose Inhaler Formulation

The primary aim of this research endeavor is to innovate a viable and user-friendly UV spectroscopic approach for quantifying formoterol and beclomethasone within metered dose inhalers (MDIs). These formulations, amalgamating Beclomethasone Dipropionate (BDP) and Formoterol Fumarate (FF), are extensively employed in managing bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. Although analytical techniques already exist for assessing formoterol and beclomethasone in combination dry powder inhalers, this study concentrates on devising and validating a UV spectrophotometric method for simultaneously quantifying formoterol fumarate and Anhydrous Beclomethasone Dipropionate in Pressurized Metered Dose Inhalers (pMDIs). The estimation is performed at a wavelength of 240 nm for Beclomethasone Dipropionate and 216 nm for Formoterol Fumarate. Both drugs demonstrate satisfactory linearity within the concentration range of 10-30 μg/ml for BDP and 0.3 to 0.9 μg/ml for FF at wavelengths of 240 nm (r^2=0.999) and 216 nm (r^2=0.999), respectively. The Beer-Lambert law is adhered to within the concentration range of 10-30 μg/ml for BDP and 0.3-0.9 μg/ml for FF. The proposed methods are subjected to validation following ICH guidelines to assess accuracy, method precision, specificity, among other parameters. As a result, the proposed method can be effectively employed for the simultaneous determination of Beclomethasone Dipropionate and Formoterol Fumarate in routine analytical applications, offering a rapid and reliable solution for pharmaceutical analysis in the field.

Bioanalytical Method Development and Validation of UV Spectrophotometric Method for Estimation of Sitagliptin in Urine sample

Bioanalytical Method Development and Validation of UV Spectrophotometric Method for Estimation of Sitagliptin in Urine sample

Implementation of Hydrotropic Solvents for UV Spectrophotometric Assessment of Esomeprazole-Loaded Microspheres: Greenness Evaluation

Background: The present framework is built on top of a basic UV-spectrophotometric method that was created and proven to be effective for measuring different dose forms and bulk esomeprazole. Numerous hydrotropic reagents were tried to improve the solubility of ESM to enhance the same. Materials and Methods: Esomeprazole has the highest absorbance at 299nm in 1MUrea solvent for a stock solution and subsequent dilutions. The ICH recommendations were used to determine a number of analytical parameters. Results: Precision it is the degree of repeatability (with the same conditions) or reproducibility (with the different conditions) of method; the% RSD for repeatability was 0.470, and (r2) was 0.998. The Accuracy was found to be for 50% was 101.7%, 100% was 100.1%, and 150% was 99.79% for esomeprazole. The linearity concentration of range was 2-10µg/ml. Discussion: Analytical Greenness compares different parameters and different steps of the analytical process and the AGREE report was found to be 0.64. Recovery studies corroborated and statistically validated the analysis's conclusions.

Development and Validation of the UV-Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Cordycepin, a Nucleoside

Development and Validation of the UV-Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Cordycepin, a Nucleoside

ESTABLISHMENT AND AUTHENTICATION OF A UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC APPROACH FOR MEASURING EMBELIN CONTENT IN BULK AND FORMULATED SAMPLE

A UV-spectrophotometric method for the estimation of embelin isolated from Embelia ribes berries as per ICH guidelines Q2 (R1) was developed. It is simple, quick, accurate, and affordable. The wavelength of embelin was found to be 294.3 nm; and was linear in the concentration range 2-12 μg mL-1 with 0.997 correlation coefficient. The method was applied to pharmaceutical formulation and the drug estimated was found to be 97.99 % and was in good agreement with the label claim. The accuracy of the method was performed at three different levels, between 80 to 120 %; with % recovery obtained 98.54 - 99.98 %. The low values of % RSD indicate that the method is accurate and reproducible. Interday, intraday variations, and repeatability were studied as precision parameters. A lower % RSD value than 2 indicates the developed method is precise. Ruggedness of the proposed method was studied with the aid of two analysts.

Novel TiO2 nanoparticle-based sensor for xanthate quantification in mineral flotation samples

A voltammetric method for xanthate quantification was developed by fabricating a new electrode based on TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs). The nanomaterial in the anatase phase was synthesized by a simple sol-gel method followed by a thermal treatment (9 h at 500 °C). The nanoparticles have a spheroidal morphology with an average size of 20.61 ± 6.01 nm. The band gap energy (3.7 eV) was determined by means of UV–visible spectroscopy from the absorption band at 335 nm. The TiO2 based sensor was employed as working electrode (electroactive area: 0.02248 cm2) in a cyclic voltammetry study, and a greater peak current was observed for the electrooxidation of isopropyl xanthate at pH 10 as compared to the unmodified electrode. The electrode optimization showed that the percentage of TiO2 and the amount of mineral oil in the electrode have a significant influence on the electrochemical response, with 18.4 % of TiO2 NPs, 0.74 mL of mineral oil, and 18 h of electrode rest before the first use as optimal conditions. In the polarization studies, the charge transfer reaction occurred through a lower overpotential with respect to the open circuit potential. The exchange current density was three times higher for the modified electrode. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy indicated the detection of xanthate with lower charge transfer resistance than when the unmodified electrode was used. The electrochemical sensor allows the quantification of xanthate from 5 μmol/L to 10 mmol/L by cyclic voltammetry and the square wave technique. For the cyclic voltammetry calibration, the limits of detection and quantification were 40.6 μmol/L and 135 μmol/L, respectively. The limit of detection by square wave voltammetry was 2.4 μmol/L, and the limit of quantification was 7.9 μmol/L. The repeatability of the method showed a relative dispersion of 3.1 % at 0.51 mmol/L. The electroanalytical response of the sensor was reproducible up to 30 days. The recoveries of xanthate in real flotation samples were 91.9 % and 94.6 % for concentrations of 0.55 and 1.1 mmol/L, respectively. No statistically significant differences were found between the quantification using the sensor and the UV spectrophotometric method. Dicresyl dithiophosphate showed statistically significant interference with the xanthate oxidation signal.

Analytical method development and validation of ornidazole by using uv spectroscopy

The present research work discusses the development and validation of a UV spectrophotometric method for ornidazole. Simple, accurate and cost efficient spectrophotometric method has been developed for the estimation of ornidazole in pure drug form. The optimum conditions for the analysis of the drug were established. The maximum wavelength (λ max) was found to be 430 nm. Beers law was obeyed in the concentration range of 1μg/mL. Calibration curves shows a linear relationship between the absorbance and concentration. Validation was performed according to ICH guidelines for Linearity, accuracy, precision, LOD (limit of detection) and LOQ (limit of quantification). The sample solution was stable up to 36 hours. The proposed method may be suitable for the analysis of ornidazole in drug formulation for quality control purposes.

ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ УФ-СПЕКТРОФОТОМЕТРИИ В АНАЛИЗЕ И СТАНДАРТИЗАЦИИ СУБСТАНЦИИ 2-БЕНЗОИЛАМИНО-N-[4-(4,6-ДИМЕТИЛПИРИМИДИН-2-ИЛСУЛЬФАМОИЛ)-ФЕНИЛ]-БЕНЗАМИДА

Borderline neuropsychiatric disorders firmly hold a leading position in a large group of mental illnesses, among which neuroses occupy a significant place. The increasing number of patients with diseases associated with neuropsychiatric disorders makes the search and introduction of highly effective anxiolytics and antidepressants into medical practice increasingly important. In parallel with the search for medicinal substances with such pharmacological properties, it is necessary to resolve issues of standardization and quality control. One of these drugs may be a new synthetic derivative of ortho-benzoylaminobenzoic acid, which has antidepressant and anxiolytic effects. This compound was synthesized at the department of organic chemistry of the Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute under the leadership of professor Kodonidi I.P. Several biologically active compounds were synthesized - derivatives of o-benzoylaminobenzoic acid, one of which is 2-benzoylamino-N-[4-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-ylsulfamoyl)-phenyl]-benzamide (laboratory code - PMFI-195) . Preliminary pharmacological studies of PMFI-195, carried out on the basis of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education of the Stavropol State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia and the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education of the North Caucasus Federal University, under the leadership of professor Manvelyan E.A., showed the promise of developing a drug based on the substance PMFI-195 for the treatment of such diseases such as depression, neuroses, psychopathy, neurosis-like and psycho-like states. Quality control and development of modern methods of pharmaceutical analysis is one of the basic stages of introducing pharmaceutical substances into production. This requires an in-depth study of physicochemical characteristics, as well as the selection and justification of methods of analysis and quality control of pharmaceuticals. substances. The results of the developed method for the qualitative determination by UV spectrophotometric method of a new quinosalinone derivative 2-benzoylamino-N-[4-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-ylsulfamoyl)-phenyl]-benzamide, which has anxiolytic and antidepressant activity, are presented.

Simultaneous determination and validation of Aceclofenac and cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride by area under curve and q-absorbance ratio methods in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations

A simple, accurate, rapid and UV spectrophotometric methods has been developed for the simultaneous estimation of Aceclofenac (ACF) and Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride (CBP) in bulk and combined tablet dosage form. The methods employed were(A) Area under curve and (B) Q-absorbance ratio method. Method- A involves measurement of peak area in the wavelength range 271-281 nm and 220-230 nm for ACF and CBP respectively. In Method B two wavelengths 276 nm, λ max of Aceclofenac and 257 nm, the isobestic point were selected. In both the methods linearity was found in the concentration range of 6-30 µg/ml for Aceclofenac and 0.45-2.25 µg/ml Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride. Both the methods were found to be rapid, specific, precise and accurate. Hence these methods can be applied for routine analysis of Aceclofenac and Cyclobenzaprine Hydrochloride in combined dosage form without any interference by the excipients. The above methods are validated according to ICH guidelines.

Fast New Method for Estimation of Captopril in Pure and Pharmaceutical Preparation by Reaction with Ammonium Ce (IV) Sulfate in Acid Medium

The determination of captopril (CAP) using a new continuous flow injection analysis (CFIA) method was given in this work CAP in its pure state and some of its pharmaceutical preparations. The technique can be described as simple, fast, sensitive, easy to operate, and low-cost. The CAP reacted with ammonium ceric(IV) sulfate (ACS)2(NH4 )2SO4Ce(SO4)2. 3 H2O in an acidic medium and the reaction led to the formation of a white, slightly yellowish precipitate. The formed precipitate was studied using Ayah 6S×1-ST-2D Solar cell-CFI Analyzer, a through the reflection of accident light on the surfaces of the precipitate particles at (0-1800), expressed as the response of the transducer measured in (mV). Some chemical and physical parameters were studied to provide the optimal conditions for the study. The calibration curve within the range of (0.07-3.0) mmol/L was linear, with a correlation coefficient (r) value equal to (0.9983), and the percentage value of linearity (R2%) was (99.65). The method's detection limit (L.O.D.) of the new method was 272.5 ng/25 µL; it was calculated by diluting the minimum concentration in the calibration curve gradually. RSD% was less than 0.2% for 0.9, 1.5, and 3.0 mmol/L concentrations of C.A.P. for n=8. The method was successfully applied to estimate C.A.P. in three pharmaceutical preparations, each produced by a different company. The new method was compared with the UV-Spectrophotometric method (classical method) at λmax= 207.2 nm by using the method of standard additions. Both the t-test and the F-test were conducted to ensure that there wasn't a significant difference between the new method and the conventional one. The results of both tests showed, at a confidence level of 95%, that there was no significant difference.

Eco-friendly based HPLC and UV-spectrophotometric methods for simultaneous estimation of Efonidipine hydrochloride Ethanolate and Chlorthalidone in their dosage form

ObjectiveEfonidipine hydrochloride Ethanolate and Chlorthalidone combination was approved by CDSCO for Phase III clinical trial. This combination is utilized to pharmacological therapy that can effectively control hypertension situations. The present research includes an RP-HPLC and Simultaneous equation UV methods for the determination of drug combination in tablet dosage form. Furthermore, greenness assessment and statistical evaluation of developed methods. MethodsThe HPLC chromatography was performed using a gradient technique on a reversed-phase C18 column with mobile phase based and optimized depending on the polarity of the molecules. The Unesphere C18 column Agela Tech., (250 mm x 4.6 mm i.d, 5 μm,) as stationary phase and Acetonitrile: 0.2 M Potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate pH 4 (68: 32% v/v) as mobile phase. The Simultaneous equation UV method was developed and validated at 220 nm and 250 nm in methanol: distilled water (20:80, v/v). The greenness assessment tools were used to assess the ecological impact of the new UV spectrophotometric method and HPLC method. ResultsUV detection in RP-HPLC method at 220 nm for gradient elution was used to achieve chromatographic separation over the linearity 3.0–60.0 μg/mL and 10.0 - 200.0 μg/mL and for UV method 3.0–15.0 μg/mL and 10.0–50.0 μg/mL for Chlorthalidone (CLT) and Efonidipine (EFD) respectively.The value of% RSD within the limit indicated that the method is precise, accurate and% recovery shows that there is no interference from the excipients.Greenness assessment data confirmed the method's environmental friendliness in terms of solvent usage, chemical compounds, energy consumption, and trash creation. There were no spectral or chromatographic interferences from formulation excipients discovered. ConclusionThe analytical method validation parameters were found to be as per acceptance criteria. In terms of accuracy and precision, statistical testing employing an analysis of variance test did not find any significant differences between the two methods. To evaluate the greenness and whiteness of an analytical method, a reliable assessment of the health and environmental risk associated with chemical use is essential.

Effect of microwave-assisted drying and extraction of 6-Shogaol from Zingiber officinale Roscoe

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Zingeberaceae) is a medicinal plant widely used as food, spice, or flavoring agent worldwide. 6-Shogaol is a compound of prime interest in exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and chemopreventive effects. The objective of the study is to investigate the effect of microwave-assisted drying (MAD) followed by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) so as to produce 6-Shogaol enriched Ginger with improved therapeutic benefits. Various drying techniques viz. shade drying, tray drying, microwave-assisted drying and osmotic dehydration as a pretreatment were used for drying Ginger rhizomes. The dried rhizomes were extracted by conventional solvent extraction and microwave-assisted extraction techniques and tested for content of 6-Shogaol using the newly developed HPLC method whereas total flavonoid and polyphenol content were determined using the UV spectrophotometric method. Subjecting the microwave dried Ginger to microwave-assisted extraction for 45 min at constant power level of 284 W resulted in a significant rise in the extractability of 6-Shogaol (1.660 ± 0.018), total polyphenols (855.46 ± 5.33) and flavonoids (617.97 ± 6.40) compared to the conventional method of extraction. The proposed Ginger processing method of microwave drying followed by microwave extraction outperforms traditional methods in terms of speed, convenience, and performance thus can be scaled up to industrial levels.

A simple Stability-Indicating UV Spectrophotometric Method developed and Validation for Detection of Paracetamol in (liquid, solid) Dosage form and Biological fluid: Application and Comparison

A simple Stability-Indicating UV Spectrophotometric Method developed and Validation for Detection of Paracetamol in (liquid, solid) Dosage form and Biological fluid: Application and Comparison

A validated comparative study of RP-HPLC, GC-FID and UV spectrophotometric methods for the quantification of eugenol isolated from Syzygium Aromaticum L

A validated comparative study of RP-HPLC, GC-FID and UV spectrophotometric methods for the quantification of eugenol isolated from Syzygium Aromaticum L

Development and Validation of a UV Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Cobicistat in Pharmaceutical Formulations

Development and Validation of a UV Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Cobicistat in Pharmaceutical Formulations