Smooth Muscle Cells Of Uterus Research Articles

CLINICAL PROFILE AND MANAGEMENT OPTION OF FIBROID UTERUS PATIENTS OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF DMCH, LAHERIASARAI, BIHAR

Background: Fibroids are the most common benign tumours of smooth muscle cells of uterus in females and typically found during the middle and later reproductive years. As fibroid is an estrogen and progesterone dependent tumour, it gradually decreases in size during starting of menopause. The objective of this presented study was to determine management options among fibroid uterus patients. Methods: 50 number of patients were included in this study those who’s age of 20-55, with symptomatic uterine fibroid and undergone hysterectomy or myomectomy. Postmenopausal, Pregnancy and Asymptomatic fibroid were excluded from this study. Results: The study showed that 52 percent of patient having fibroid uterus were belonged to 31-40 years of age. The mean age was 41.2±6.07. The majority 74% of patients in this study presented with menstrual abnormalities, 40% presented with abdominal lump. Dysmenorrhoea was 26%, 6% patient had primary subfertility and 14% secondary subfertility. Total Abdominal Hysterectomy (TAH) with unilateral salpingo- oophorectomy done in 10% cases, TAH with bilateral salpino-oophorectomy in 22% cases, non descent vaginal hysterectomy in 6% cases, myomectomy done in 20% cases and polypectomy was done in 2% cases. Conclusion: Uterine fibroids are very common in women and frequently in late reproductive and perimenopausal years. It is also a common gynecological problem in our country, which frequently disturbs the lives of woman. Women now have choice of therapies for the treatment of fibroids.

Sources and regulation of nitric oxide synthesis in uterus smooth muscle cells

Sources and regulation of nitric oxide synthesis in uterus smooth muscle cells

Specific Cytotoxic Effects of Parasporal Crystal Proteins Isolated from Native Saudi Arabian Bacillus thuringiensis Strains against Cervical Cancer Cells.

Currently, global efforts are being intensified towards the discovery of local Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) isolates with unique anticancer properties. Parasporins (PS) are a group of Bt non-insecticidal crystal proteins with potential and specific in vitro anticancer activity. However, despite the significant therapeutic potential of PS-producing Bt strains, our current knowledge on the effects of these proteins is limited. Hence, the main objective of this study was to screen Bt-derived parasporal toxins for cytotoxic activities against colon (HT-29) and cervical (HeLa) cancerous cell lines. Nine non-larvicidal and non-hemolytic Bt strains, native to Saudi Arabia, were employed for the isolation of their parasporal toxins. 16S rDNA sequencing revealed a 99.5% similarity with a reference Bt strain. While PCR screening results indicated the absence of selected Cry (Cry4A, Cry4B, Cry10 and Cry11), Cyt (Cyt1 and Cyt2) and PS (PS2, PS3 and PS4) genes, it concluded presence of the PS1 gene. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that proteolytically-cleavaged PS protein profiles exhibit patterns resembling those observed with PS1Aa1, with major bands at 56 kDa and 17 kDa (Bt7), and 41 kDa and 16 kDa (Bt5). Solubilized and trypsinized PS proteins from all Bt strains exhibited a marked and dose-dependent cytotoxicity against HeLa cancerous cells but not against HT-29 cells. IC50 values ranged from 3.2 (Bt1) to 14.2 (Bt6) with an average of 6.8 µg/mL. The observed cytotoxicity of PS proteins against HeLa cells was specific as it was not evident against normal uterus smooth muscle cells. RT-qPCR analysis revealed the overexpression of caspase 3 and caspase 9 by 3.7, and 4.2 folds, respectively, indicative of the engagement of intrinsic pathway of apoptosis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report exploring and exploiting the versatile repertoire of Saudi Arabian environmental niches for the isolation of native and possibly novel Saudi Bt strains with unique and specific anticancer activity. In conclusion, native Saudi Bt-derived PS proteins might have a potential to join the arsenal of natural anticancer drugs.

Significance of Serum Soluble Fas (sFas/CD95) and Tumor Necrosis Factor- Alpha (TNF-α) in Radiologically Diagnosed Patients with Uterine Leiomyoma

Leiomyoma is a common benign tumor of female reproductive system arising from the smooth muscle cells of uterus. About 17.8% of females in 40s age group and 77% of hysterectomies found to have leiomyoma. It affects females in reproductive age and cause pelvic pain, abortion, infertility, menorrhagia which in some cases ends by hysterectomy. In this study the extrinsic apoptotic pathway was evaluated in patients with uterine leiomyoma by measuring serum soluble Fas (sFas) and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNFα) in both patients and control healthy women. Forty patients with leiomyoma from 22-52 years old were involved in this study. Forty apparently healthy, their ages matched volunteers were selected as a control. Four ml of venous blood sample was obtained from each, serum was separated and serum concentration of sFas and TNFα measured using ELISA technique. There was a highly significant increase in serum concentration of TNF-α in patients with leiomyoma (mean 0.579pg/ml ± SE 0.039) than control group (mean 0.120pg/ml ± SE 0.007), also there was a highly significant increase in serum concentration of sFas of patient (mean 0.326pg/ml ± SE 0.028) compared to control healthy subjects (mean 0.126pg/ml ± 0.025). Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve for determination of TNFα and sFas cutoff value shows that TNFα has cutoff value of ≥0.220pg/ml with 97.5% sensitivity and 100% specificity for leiomyoma and accuracy rate of 99.6%. The sFas cutoff value is ≥0.154pg/ml with 80% sensitivity and 82.5% specificity for leiomyoma and accuracy rate of 87.4%.

Eyelid metastasis as presenting feature of disseminated leiomyosarcoma – A rare case report

Soft tissue sarcomas with smooth muscle differentiation are termed leiomyosarcoma. Leiomyosarcoma is an aggressive tumor commonly originating from smooth muscle cells of uterus or retro peritoneal areas. Distant metastasis occurs by hematogenous route to liver and lung. Eyelid metastasis without involvement of other ocular structures is extremely rare. A case of eyelid metastasis which on extensive investigations was proved to be from upper gastrointestinal tract leiomyosarcoma is reported here.

Clinical Profile and Management Option of Fibroid Uterus Patient

Background: Fibroids are the most common benign tumours of smooth muscle cells of uterus in females and typically found during the middle and later reproductive years. As fibroid is an estrogen and progesterone dependent tumour, it gradually decreases in size during starting of menopause. The objective of this presented study was to determine management options among fibroid uterus patients.Methods: 50 number of patients were included in this study those who’s age of 20-55, with symptomatic uterine fibroid and undergone hysterectomy or myomectomy. Postmenopausal, Pregnancy and Asymptomatic fibroid were excluded from this study.Results: The study showed that 52 percent of patient having fibroid uterus were belonged to 31-40 years of age. The mean age was 41.2±6.07. The majority 74% of patients in this study presented with menstrual abnormalities, 40% presented with abdominal lump. Dysmenorrhoea was 26%, 6% patient had primary subfertility and 14% secondary subfertility. Total Abdominal Hysterectomy (TAH) with unilateral salpingo- oophorectomy done in 10% cases, TAH with bilateral salpinooophorectomy in 22% cases, non descent vaginal hysterectomy in 6% cases, myomectomy done in 20% cases and polypectomy was done in 2% cases.Conclusion: Uterine fibroids are very common in women and frequently in late reproductive and perimenopausal years. It is also a common gynecological problem in our country, which frequently disturbs the lives of woman. Women now have choice of therapies for the treatment of fibroids.Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.14 (2); Jul 2015; Page 48-51

English

INTRODUCTION: Leiomyomas arise from smooth muscle cells of uterus or vascular walls that supply the uterus. Very rarely the ovary, broad ligament and fallopian tubes can also be involved. Though the uterus and tubes are derived from Mullerian system and both contain smooth muscles, uterine myomas are very common whereas fallopian tube myomas are least frequently encountered. Most cases of fallopian tube leiomyomas are asymptomatic and chance-findings at surgical exposure for other reasons or found only at autopsy.

Effects of genistein on oestrogen and progesterone receptor, proliferative marker Ki-67 and carbonic anhydrase localisation in the uterus and cervix of gilts after insemination

Soya products are routinely fed to domestic animals as an important source of protein. The aim of this work was to study how the phytooestrogen genistein, supplemented at a feed relevant level, affects the morphology and distribution of reproductive hormone receptors, proliferative activities and carbonic anhydrase (CA) in the uterus and cervix of gilts. Eleven gilts were fed a soya-free diet. Six were given genistein (1mg/kg bw) twice daily for eight days starting three days before expected oestrus. Five gilts were used as controls. All gilts were inseminated (AI) one day after signs of standing oestrus and euthanized three days after AI. Samples from the uterus and cervix were processed for morphometric evaluation, immunohistochemical localisation of oestrogen receptors α and β (ERα and ERβ), progesterone receptor (PR), proliferative marker Ki-67 and histochemical localisation of CA. Nuclear staining for ERβ was detected in surface epithelial, glandular and some stromal cells in the uterus and in the cervix surface epithelial cells. ERα and PR were observed in surface epithelium, subepithelial stromal cells and smooth muscle cells of uterus and cervix, and glandular cells of the uterus. Ki-67 positive cells were recorded in uterine and cervical surface epithelium and subepithelial stromal layer. CA was mainly confined to glandular cells of the uterus. Immunohistochemical results were evaluated using semi-quantitative image analysis. Statistic comparison between groups revealed no differences. However, intra-treatment evaluation and correlations indicate that the supplementation of genistein modulates the expression pattern of all receptors and Ki-67, which may induce cellular activities in both the uterus and cervix of early pregnant gilts.

O1049 Simulated uterus microenvironment induced human placental mesenchymal stem cells differentiation to uterus smooth muscle cells in vitro

O1049 Simulated uterus microenvironment induced human placental mesenchymal stem cells differentiation to uterus smooth muscle cells in vitro

Simulated uterus microenvironment induced human placental mesenchymal stem cells differentiation to uterus smooth muscle cells in vitro

To develop a new method to promote the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells derived from human placenta (pMSC) to uterus smooth muscle cells (uSMC) in simulated uterus microenvironment. MSCs were isolated from human placenta, cultivated, and analyzed for their phenotype by flow cytometry. The multipotential differentiation of the pMSC was examined by chondrogenic, adipogenic, and osteogenetic induction. uSMC were isolated from uteri resected during operation and co-cultivated with the pMSC in a Transwell chamber simulating Two, 4, and 8 days later RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of alpha-actin, calmodulin, and myosin heavy chains (MHC), the markers of smooth muscle differentiation at the early, middle, and late stages. On day 8 RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of estrogen receptor in these 2 groups of cells, then estrogen was used to stimulate these cells and the protein kinase C (PKC) activity was examined. The pMSC could be induced into adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes respectively. After co-culture with uSMC, the morphology of the pMSC changed closely into that of the uSMC, and MHC was expressed in the pMSC. Estrogen receptor was positive in both groups of cells. The PKC activity increased, especially in the cell membrane, after stimulation of estrogen. The postpartum human placenta can be used as an important and novel source of multipotent stem cells for tissue engineering and genetic engineering. Placental MSC have the potential to differentiate into smooth muscle cells under the simulated uterus microenvironment in vitro.

Parasporin-1, a Novel Cytotoxic Protein from Bacillus thuringiensis, Induces Ca2+ Influx and a Sustained Elevation of the Cytoplasmic Ca2+ Concentration in Toxin-sensitive Cells

Parasporin-1 is a novel non-insecticidal inclusion protein from Bacillus thuringiensis that is cytotoxic to specific mammalian cells. In this study, we investigated the effects of parasporin-1 on toxin-sensitive cell lines to elucidate the cytotoxic mechanism of parasporin-1. Parasporin-1 is not a membrane pore-forming toxin as evidenced by measurements of lactate dehydrogenase release, propidium iodide penetration, and membrane potential in parasporin-1-treated cells. Parasporin-1 decreased the level of cellular protein and DNA synthesis in parasporin-1-sensitive HeLa cells. The earliest change observed in cells treated with this toxin was a rapid elevation of the intracellular free-Ca(2+) concentration; increases in the intracellular Ca(2+) levels were observed 1-3 min following parasporin-1 treatment. Using four different cell lines, we found that the degree of cellular sensitivity to parasporin-1 was positively correlated with the size of the increase in the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration. The toxin-induced elevation of the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration was markedly decreased in low-Ca(2+) buffer and was not observed in Ca(2+)-free buffer. Accordingly, the cytotoxicity of parasporin-1 decreased in the low-Ca(2+) buffer and was restored by the addition of Ca(2+) to the extracellular medium. Suramin, which inhibits trimeric G-protein signaling, suppressed both the Ca(2+) influx and the cytotoxicity of parasporin-1. In parasporin-1-treated HeLa cells, degradation of pro-caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase was observed. Furthermore, synthetic caspase inhibitors blocked the cytotoxic activity of parasporin-1. These results indicate that parasporin-1 activates apoptotic signaling in these cells as a result of the increased Ca(2+) level and that the Ca(2+) influx is the first step in the pathway that underlies parasporin-1 toxicity.

Distribution of Progesterone Receptor in Female Mouse Tissues

Two novel antibodies against the mammalian progesterone receptor (PR) were raised and characterized to study the distribution of PR and the effect of estrogen on PR expression in various female murine tissues by immunohistochemistry. There were estrogen-independent constitutive PR expressions in the smooth muscle cells of uterus, uterine blood vessels, urinary bladder, duodenum, and jejunum of ovariectomized mice. Uterine stromal cells, capsular cells of kidney and adrenal gland, and the epithelial cells of submandibular gland expressed PR constitutively. PR expression was detected in some thymic cells and the number of PR-positive thymic cells increased markedly after estrogen treatment. Estrogen induced PR expression in the epithelial cells of uterus, vagina, urethra, and skin and the stromal cells of vagina, urethra, and pancreatic ducts, as well as the smooth muscle cells of some blood vessels. These results suggest cell-specific progesterone actions in the urinary tract, skin, and gastrointestinal organs, on the immune functions, and on the regulation of local blood flow.

Efficacy of hemoperfusion in myasthenia patients monitored by serum laser correlation spectroscopy

Carbonic anhydrase III (CAIII) is the isoenzyme purified from the human skeletal slow muscle immunohistochemically revealed in smooth muscle cells of uterus, myoepithelial cells of salivary, lactiferous and prostatic glands of man. Immunohistochemical determination of CAIII is a useful approach to correct the identification of myoepithelial cells in human salivary glands.

Study of normal and irradiated boundary tissue of the seminiferous tubules of the rat

A histochemical and morphological study has been made on the tissue surrounding the individual seminiferous tubules of the rat testis, as seen both under normal conditions and after a heavy dose of radiation (10,000 r) applied locally. This tissue consists of four main layers: an inner non-cellular layer (basement membrane), an inner cellular layer, an outer non-cellular layer and an outer cellular layer. The inner non-cellular layer contains a complex network of fibres which we have identified as reticular fibres. By electron microscopy it has been shown that the fibres are embedded in a “clear” region sandwiched between two “dense” layers. Morphologically, there is some similarity between cells of the inner cellular layer and smooth muscle cells of uterus and bladder as described by other workers. Both lots of cells contain many fine filaments which tend to limit the disposition of other cytoplasmic elements. The view that cells of the inner cellular layer may be a type of smooth muscle cell of a different level of organisation from those of uterus and bladder is discussed. The outer non-cellular layer contains a much less developed network of reticular fibres than the inner non-cellular layer. The fibres are considerably fewer and are embedded in a “clear” region usually associated with only a single layer of dense material. The outer cellular layer is extremely thin and is composed of elongate cells which do not possess fine filaments. These cells are probably fibroblasts.No difference in staining reaction was discovered between normal tissue and that which had been heavily irradiated. Even after the very high dose of radiation employed the ultrastructure of the cells of the boundary tissue remained apparently intact. Noticeable changes occurred in the non-cellular regions, however, and are described in detail.The possible physiological significance of the morphological results obtained is discussed.