User Trials Research Articles

Development of Web Media Based on Google Sites and Its Effect on Student Learning Motivation in Economics Lessons for Students of SMA Negeri 8 Malang

The objectives of this study are to: 1) create and assess Google Sites web-based learning materials and their viability; and 2) ascertain the effect of Google Sites online media use on the learning motivation of SMA Negeri 8 Malang City 11th grade students. Using the Borg and Gall paradigm, research and development (R&D) is the methodology employed. The process of designing a product may be broken down into seven simple stages: 1) research and data collection; 2) product creation; 3) product validation; 4) restricted trials; 5) revision; 6) user trials; and 7) final product manufacturing.Qualitative descriptive analysis and quantitative analysis are the two data analysis techniques used in this study. The findings demonstrated that 1) the creation of Google Sites online educational resources utilising the Borg and Gall paradigm was awarded.

Learning media development of lighting simulator in electrical maintenance training course for vocational education

This research aims to develop learning media for lighting systems in the form of lighting simulator to support learning in electrical maintenance training subjects. This research was conducted at the Motorcycle Engineering Department of SMKN 1 Pancung Soal. The main focus of this research is to assess the feasibility of learning media which is a lighting system simulator. It is a Research and Development, adopting the Four-D models introduced by Thiagarajan. The steps taken include define (defining or analysing problems to formulating development objectives), design (designing the media to be produced), develop (development is carried out after going through expert and user trials), and disseminate (dissemination which is introducing the media in training). The results of this research are in the form of learning media, supporting learning electrical maintenance training courses. The results of the feasibility testing on this lighting simulator in terms of media aspects scored 88% with the category ‘Very Decent’ and in the material aspect scored 84% with the category ‘Very Decent’. For the feasibility level, practitioners or users scored 89% which falls in the ‘Very Decent’ category. Based on the data from the feasibility test results conducted by experts, it can be concluded that this lighting system simulator is very feasible and can be used as a medium to support the implementation of the practicum of electrical maintenance training courses.

Pengembangan Game Edukasi Berbasis Android PADA Materi Jenis Konektivitas Internet Kelas X TKJ SMKN 1 Sepulu

The development of technology in the world of education can produce learning innovations, one of which is educational games. This study aims to develop an Android-based educational game application as a learning medium on the material of internet connectivity types for class X TKJ students at SMKN 1 Sepulu. This study uses the Research and Development (RD) method with the ADDIE development model consisting of five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The results of the study indicate that this educational game application has succeeded in increasing the effectiveness of learning through validation testing and user trials. Validation by media experts obtained a percentage of 96.3% and material experts 98.4%, both in the "very good" category. User trials involving students were carried out in three stages, namely individual trials 95.7%, small groups 96.0%, and large groups 90.7%, all in the "very good" category. With these results, this Android-based educational game application is considered suitable for use as a learning medium to increase student motivation and learning outcomes. This study shows that the development of educational game-based learning media can be an innovative solution to support more interesting and effective learning.

A compact and cost-effective gait simulator to advance prosthesis development with reduced reliance on human subject testing: Development, validation and application

Gait simulators play a crucial role in assessing the performance of physical prototypes of prosthetic knees, validating numerical simulation findings, and reducing dependency on user trials during prosthesis development. However, their practical application is limited because of substantial capital investment required for sophisticated high degrees-of-freedom (DOF) system development on one side and insufficient DOF for accurate simulation on the other. In this study, we evaluated the minimum DOF of thigh segment that a gait simulator should have to test the performance of prosthetic knees in a cost-effective manner. Initially, numerical simulations of swing phase of prosthetic leg with IITM polycentric knee (IPK) using 3D gait data and with different arrested DOF of the thigh were performed to identify the essential DOF of gait simulator. By comparing different cases of arrested DOF with the six-DOF ideal case, it was revealed that only sagittal plane movements, namely flexion-extension, vertical translation, and horizontal translation, are sufficient to test prosthetic knees. Subsequently, a compact and modular gait simulator was developed. Hardware-in-loop simulations of the IPK using the gait simulator were used to demonstrate its effectiveness in assessing the performance of prosthetic knees, which validated the ability of the IPK to extend completely without an extension assist before heel contact. Additionally, it was exposed that the IPK's extension stop needs redesigning to effectively absorb the impact energy when the knee extends completely before heel contact. These findings emphasize the significance of a cost-effective gait simulator in prosthesis development and reduce dependency on user trials.

Design and Development of a Wearable Device for Multi-Parametric Human Health Monitoring

INTRODUCTION: Wearable technology has emerged as a promising tool for continuous health monitoring, offering potential disease prevention and management benefits. However, existing devices often provide limited physiological data, hindering comprehensive health assessments.OBJECTIVES: This study aims to design and develop a wearable device capable of multi-parametric human health monitoring, focusing on vital indicators such as heart rate, body temperature, and physical activity.METHODS: A modular design approach was employed to integrate multiple biosensors into a compact wearable device. The collected data was processed by a microcontroller and transmitted wirelessly to a server.RESULTS: The developed wearable device demonstrated accurate and reliable measurement of target health parameters, with results comparable to existing prototypes in terms of functional capabilities.CONCLUSION: The proposed wearable device holds significant potential for enhancing personal health management by providing comprehensive and real-time health data. Future research will focus on expanding the device's capabilities, improving battery life, and conducting long-term user trials.

A comprehensive ergonomic validation of workspaces design employing digital and physical mock-ups in the case of light armored vehicle

The study aims to evaluate the compatibility of the proposed design workspace dimensions of light armored vehicle (LAV) with the targeted populations of Ethiopian army personnel using both digital and physical ergonomic evaluations. The dimensional compatibility was tested using digital mock-up interfaced with human manikin representing the anthropometries of 5th percentile female and 95th percentile male values for Ethiopian army. CATIA V5 software was utilized for developing digital human and vehicle models, while the physical mock-up was tested through minimum possible user trials (to avoid redundancy of testing) that involved 13 users sufficient to represent the target population. The intended vehicular workspaces, in terms of space adequacy, view field, reaching, and manipulative needs were found to be ideally compatible with the target users, accommodating 90% (for adjustable units) and 95% (for non-adjustable units) of them. This confirms that the proposed basic design dimensions of LAV workspaces for driver, gunner, commander, and other infantry troops are compatible with the target users in both evaluation techniques. Hence, our findings indicate that the newly proposed design dimensions can be utilized as design standards primarily for fabricating Ethiopian LAVs, as they ensure occupational compatibility for the users, which can improve crew operational performance, efficiency, and safety.

AI-Driven Personalized Shopping: Enhancing Retail Experiences through Body Type Analysis and Real-Time Inventory Integration

Abstract: This article introduces an innovative AI-driven personalized shopping system integrating body type analysis, real-time inventory management, and smart recommendations to transform the retail experience. The system significantly improves fit satisfaction, shopping efficiency, and inventory optimization by leveraging advanced computer vision, machine learning, and deep learning technologies. User trials involving 5,000 participants show a 40.3% increase in fit and style satisfaction, 37% reduction in shopping time, and 28% increase in conversion rates compared to traditional methods. The system's ability to provide highly accurate, personalized recommendations at scale addresses key challenges in e-commerce, potentially revolutionizing the retail industry by enhancing customer satisfaction, reducing returns, and optimizing inventory management.

Psychophysiology of rhythmic stimuli and time experience in virtual reality

Time experience is an essential part of one’s perception of any environment, real or virtual. In this article, from a virtual environment design perspective, we explore how rhythmic stimuli can influence an unrelated cognitive task regarding time experience and performance in virtual reality. This study explicitly includes physiological data to investigate how, overall, experience correlates with psychophysiological observations. The task involves sorting 3D objects by shape, with varying rhythmic stimuli in terms of their tempo and sensory channel (auditory and/or visual) in different trials, to collect subjective measures of time estimation and judgment. The results indicate different effects on time experience and performance depending on the context, such as user fatigue and trial repetition. Depending on the context, a positive impact of audio stimuli or a negative impact of visual stimuli on task performance can be observed, as well as time being underestimated concerning tempo in relation to task familiarity. However, some effects are consistent regardless of context, such as time being judged to pass faster with additional stimuli or consistent correlations between participants’ performance and time experience, suggesting flow-related aspects. We also observe correlations between time experience with eye-tracking data and body temperature, yet some of these correlations may be due to a confounding effect of fatigue. If confirmed as separate from fatigue, these physiological data could be used as reference point for evaluating a user’s time experience. This might be of great interest for designing virtual environments, as purposeful stimuli can strongly influence task performance and time experience, both essential components of virtual environment user experience.

Assistance in Picking Up and Delivering Objects for Individuals with Reduced Mobility Using the TIAGo Robot

Individuals with reduced mobility, including the growing elderly demographic and those with spinal cord injuries, often face significant challenges in daily activities, leading to a dependence on assistance. To enhance their independence, we propose a robotic system that facilitates greater autonomy. Our approach involves a functional assistive robotic implementation for picking, placing, and delivering containers using the TIAGo mobile manipulator robot. We developed software and routines for detecting containers marked with an ArUco code and manipulating them using the MoveIt library. Subsequently, the robot navigates to specific points of interest within a room to deliver the container to the user or another designated location. This assistance task is commanded through a user interface based on a web application that can be accessed from the personal phones of patients. The functionality of the system was validated through testing. Additionally, a series of user trials were conducted, yielding positive feedback on the performance and the demonstration. Insights gained from user feedback will be incorporated into future improvements to the system.

Effectiveness of Game-Based Interactive Approach Using Deep Learning Framework for Dyslogia."

Traditional speech therapy approaches have long been considered revolutionary for treating speech disorders. However, as the younger generation becomes increasingly disengaged from these methods, their effectiveness is diminishing. This study identifies the need to revitalize traditional practices by integrating them into virtual environments and incorporating gamification elements. The motivation behind this work is to enhance engagement and improve therapy outcomes by making the process more appealing to children. Our proposed solution involves converting conventional speech therapy exercises into interactive virtual modules that incorporate game-like features to sustain interest and foster a competitive spirit. The method includes developing these virtual modules and testing their effectiveness through user trials. Results indicate a significant increase in engagement and a corresponding improvement in therapy outcomes, suggesting that this approach holds promise for enhancing the effectiveness of speech therapy in the digital age.

Development of Android-Based Modern Indonesian Literature Crossword Learning Media Assisted by the Proprofs Application

This study aimed to develop and evaluate Android-based crossword puzzle learning media for modern Indonesian literature using the ProProfs application. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) methodology, collecting data through questionnaires and tests. Three types of questionnaires were distributed: material expert validation, media expert validation, and user validation. Additionally, user tests were conducted to assess comprehension of the literature content transformed into crossword puzzles. The combined validation results from material experts, media experts, and users yielded an overall average score of 3.77 out of 5, indicating that the developed learning media is appropriate for use in educational settings. This finding aligns with the results of four user trials, which demonstrated an average score of 80.6 out of 100, categorized as 'good' performance. These findings suggest that Android-based crossword puzzles can be an effective tool for engaging students with modern Indonesian literature. Future research could explore the long-term impact of this approach on literature comprehension and retention among various student populations.

Development Of A Pop-Up Book On The Basics Of Pendet Dance For Elementary Schools (Phase A)

Pendet dance is a Balinese dance that contains a variety of basic movements including agem, tandang, tangkis, and tangkep. These movements are introduced early on or at the phase A elementary school level. To develop cognitive understanding, pop up books are used as learning media for the introduction of Pendet dance movements. Because this kind of media has never been available before, it is considered important to provide in schools. Therefore, it is necessary to have interesting learning media applied at SD Negeri Lidah Wetan II Surabaya. The purpose of this study is to describe, 1) the process of developing pop up book of Pendet dance basics as a form of art appreciation education for elementary school (phase A), 2) the feasibility of content components and appearance components of pop up book developed to produce quality books, and 3) user responses about pop up book of Pendet dance basics. Supported by the development method, the pop up book development process uses the Analyze, Design, Development, Implement, Evaluate stages. Validation by media and material experts showed that the content components and appearance of the pop up book were considered very feasible. User trials were conducted to determine student and teacher responses to the pop up book. The percentage of results shows that the pop up book gets a value from media validation of 82.5%, material validation of 92.5%, the first teacher's response of 90%, the second teacher's response of 95% and student responses that show an increase in the answer "yes" from each question asked. Thus, pop up book media can be used as a medium for introducing movement variety for elementary school (phase A) and students interact actively during the learning process through pop up book.

Machine Design and Development of CoreXY FDM 3D Printer for Learning

This research aims to design and develop CoreXY FDM 3D Printer that can be optimized for learning purposes. By detailing aspects of design, hardware, and software, this research is expected to make a significant contribution in improving the quality of learning. Research using the Research and Development method, carried out based on the Machine Learning System Development model with stages in the form of Problem Understanding, Data Handling, Model Building, and Model Monitoring. The results showed that the lowest average depreciation value in the 3D printer developed was smaller than the 3D Printer machine from the previous study. The best print quality was produced in experiment number 3 where the print results were almost flat and smooth. So that the best print parameters are produced at a layer thickness of 0.1 mm and a print speed of 60 mm / minute. Blackbox Test results show that all components of the 3D printer machine have been able to function properly. The results of the user trial questionnaire showed that the average value of all aspects received a value of 3.55 from a range of values 1-4, indicating that this machine is very good to be used as a medium in the learning process. Comparison of FDM CoreXY 3D Print printing process time after development shows shorter print time than FDM CoreXY 3D Printer machine before development.

GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM MAPPING BANTEN MAKING SERVICES IN DENPASAR CITY

The majority of Bali's population is Hindu. Hinduism is a religion that uses offerings as a means to carry out prayers. Currently, women in Bali in particular who usually have the task of making offerings are already actively working outside the home all day so they don't have much time to make offerings as a means of ceremony so it doesn't rule out the possibility of buying offerings according to their needs, there is a lack of information regarding location and information regarding The existence of offerings making services, especially in Denpasar City as the capital of Bali province, is a problem being faced. This lack of information can cause difficulties for people who actively work outside the home to provide the financial aid needed for ceremonies. Initial research was carried out by distributing several questions to residents of the city of Denpasar which were given randomly. The results of this research stated that around 90% of the community really needed information about banten making services due to the lack of time in the process and the complexity of making banten which is used as a means of appropriate ceremonies. each other's needs. Based on these problems, it is necessary to develop an internet-based Geographic Information System for Mapping Banten Manufacturing Services in Denpasar City using internet-based Geographic Information System software, namely Google My Maps so that it can be accessed online by the people of Denpasar in particular. After this system is built, a trial will be carried out on the community to assess the feasibility of the software in the form of a questionnaire using the Guttman scale, data analysis using the feasibility percentage technique. The research method uses field methods (field research). Product trials use the usability testing method, user trials use the feasibility percentage formula. It is hoped that the resulting digital map will help the people of Denpasar city to easily obtain information about the services for making offerings that are spread across so that problems in providing offerings for ceremonies can be made available quickly without having to take time off work.

Transparent Charity Application and Crowdfunding Using Blockchain

Crowdfunding and other forms of digitalized philanthropy have created new channels of communication between donors and fundraisers. Nevertheless, new issues about privacy and security have arisen due to these advancements. Donors may lose trust in conventional techniques due to a lack of transparency on the allocation of their funds, increasing the risk of potential misuse or exploitation. This study suggests a new use of blockchain technology as a viable solution for difficulties in the crowdfunding and charity sectors. By leveraging the inherent immutability, security, and openness of blockchain technology, all transactions and fund allocations are documented on a public ledger accessible to all stakeholders. As a result, our system will operate smoothly. This solution offers real-time donation tracking from the moment of contribution to final expenditure and automates payment distribution using smart contracts. This is done to ensure that contributions are used appropriately. The initiative includes a feedback mechanism for recipients to report on the impact of contributions, setting it apart from other similar schemes. This terminates the relationship between the donors and the beneficiaries. The prototype showcases how blockchain technology may enhance trust and transparency, namely in the realms of crowdfunding and charitable donations. Blockchain-based solutions have the ability to greatly improve the efficiency of fund distribution and the transparency of financial transactions, based on user input and trial results. This can motivate more people to participate in acts of generosity and charity initiatives.

Preservation of Tolaki Mekongga Language Through Merdeka Curriculum-Based Local Subject Teaching Modules

To expedite the implementation of the "Merdeka Curriculum," the government of North Kolaka District has established a policy regarding the subject of local language to show the identity of the Tolaki Mekongga community. However, this policy has not yet been realized in the form of teaching modules, particularly at the elementary school level. This research aims to create a teaching module based on the "Merdeka Curriculum" that accommodates the learning of the Tolaki Mekongga language at the elementary school level in North Kolaka District, Province of Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. This study employs a developmental research approach using the ASSURE model. This study's trial subjects (users) are teachers and students from SDN 3 Lambai, SDN 5 Kodeoha, and SDN 8 Kodeoha in North Kolaka District. Data were collected through expert validation and user trial questionnaires (teachers and students). The data of the research were processed and analyzed descriptively. The validation test results scored 83%, meeting the validity and suitability criteria. The user trial results (teachers and students) gained a score of 85%, meeting the practicality criteria. Therefore, the module resulting from this research is considered appropriate and practical for use in teaching the local subject of the Tolaki Mekongga language at the elementary school level in North Kolaka District.

Exploring a web-based interactive writing assessment WISSE: User experiences

This paper aims to investigate the user experiences of Web-based Integrated Writing Assessment (WISSE) developed to help lecturers and learners provide and navigate feedback for academic writing in English. User experience is one of the crucial elements for product success and reception in Research and Development (R & D). Aspects of user experience highlighted in this study are web features, ease of use, and design. The participants involved were two lecturers and twenty-eight learners from the English Language Education and the English Literature study program at one of the prominent universities in Malang. At first, both learners and lecturers created a temporary account on the web prototype, and they were assigned two different roles: learners wrote and submitted a short argumentative essay on the application, and lecturers provided feedback on the essays through a personal comment box. At the end of the trial, both groups revealed their experience and inputs on the features, operation accessibility, and web design through questionnaires. To a large extent, both lecturers and learners were satisfied with the goal of the application to provide easy accessibility to assessing academic text. However, both groups agreed that more distinctive features should be added, along with a manual book and language switch feature, as it is attainable that the future users of WISSE will not be limited to EFL learners. The user trial results illustrate that while WISSE needs further development and revision, it exhibits proper performance and is prepared for large-scale use.

AI Gym Buddy Using Mediapipe

The AI Gym Trainer is a system that provides multiple features designed to provide personalized fitness coaching and nutrition tracking. Imposing the advanced pose estimation capabilities of Mediapipe, the system provides real-time responses to exercise performance, focusing on posture, alignment, and technique.This feature is helpful because users will receive accurate guidance in workout sessions, which in turn enhances effectiveness while minimizing the risk of injury. Furthermore, the AI Gym Trainer is implemented using machine learning algorithms, which makes it capable of providing tailor workout routines to individual preferences and abilities, encouraging a personalized training experience. Through a user- friendly interface accessible through a desktop or web application, users can seamlessly interact with the system, track their progress, and receive personalized recommendations. Additionally, the system has a feature of a Flask-based food tracking feature which enhances the capabilities, allowing users to monitor their calorie intake and receive nutritional analysis. This comprehensive approach addresses both physical activity and dietary habits, and provides users with a holistic platform for managing their fitness goals. Evaluation through rigorous testing and user trials demonstrates the effectiveness and potential impact of the AI Gym Trainer in promoting overall health and well-being. With its combination of cutting-edge technology and user-centric design, the AI Gym Trainer represents a significant advancement in personalized fitness coaching and nutrition tracking, catering to the diverse needs of individuals striving to achieve their fitness goals.

Human-centred explanations for artificial intelligence systems

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems increase in capability, so there are growing concerns over the ways in which the recommendations they provide can affect people’s everyday life and decisions. The field of Explainable AI (XAI) aims to address such concerns but there is often a neglect of the human in this process. We present a formal definition of human-centred XAI and illustrate the application of this formalism to the design of a user interface. The user interface supports users in indicating their preferences relevant to a situation and to compare their preferences with those of a computer recommendation system. A user trial is conducted to evaluate the resulting user interface. From the user trial, we believe that users are able to appreciate how their preferences can influence computer recommendations, and how these might contrast with the preferences used by the computer. We provide guidelines of implementing human-centred XAI.

Development of Virtual Reality-Based Project-Based Learning Media and its Effectiveness for Historical Thinking Skills

This development research aims to produce a Virtual Reality Media product based on Project Based Learning that is validated by experts and its effectiveness on Historical Thinking Skill. The development model used is the ASSURE Model. The development of this media has gone through stages of expert validation, user trials, small group trials, and main field trials involving 32 students to determine the level of effectiveness of the developed product. Data analysis was done using paired sample t-tests and effectiveness tests using eta squared formula. The expert validation results consisted of three experts: media design validation with a score of 4.5 (Above Average), subject matter validation with a score of 4.7 (Outstanding), and language validation with a score of 4.9 (Outstanding). In the user trial results, a score of 4.7 (Outstanding) was obtained. The expert validation results for media design showed that the media can be used with minimal revisions, while the validation results for subject matter, language, and user trials showed that the media can be used without revisions. The effectiveness test results of the media on historical thinking skills showed a value of 0.801 in the small group trial and a value of 0.61 in the large group trial, placing the effectiveness test results in the "large effect" category. Based on the effectiveness test results, the Virtual Reality media based on project-based learning has been proven to have a significant effect in improving students' historical thinking skills.