Role Of Use Research Articles

Characteristics of users of oral nicotine products according to smoking status in Denmark

Abstract Background Oral nicotine products e.g., snus, chewing tobacco, and tobacco-free nicotine pouches gain increasing popularity. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of use of oral nicotine products in the Capital Region of Denmark in 2021, to describe associations with socio-demographic characteristics and to explore if smoking status moderated these associations. Methods The study was based on the Danish Capital Region Health Survey 2021 including 56,245 persons aged ≥16 years old (response rate 54.9%) which included self-reported information on use of oral nicotine products and smoking status. Information on socio-demographic characteristics were assessed in national registries. Descriptive analyses and multivariate logistic regression models including interaction terms with smoking status and weighted for survey-sampling and non-response were performed. Results In total, 3.5% used oral nicotine products. Men showed higher odds of using oral nicotine products compared with woman (OR = 3.70) while there were no associations with education and occupational affiliation when adjusted for sex and age. The associations with age and place of residence were moderated by smoking status. Among smoking participants, young persons aged 16-19 years showed the strongest association with use of oral nicotine products (sex-adjusted OR = 21.71) while persons aged 20-24 years showed the strongest association in non-smoking participants (OR = 11.08). Conclusions Especially men and young age were strongly associated with use of oral nicotine products. For age, the association was moderated by smoking status. Interventions should address these high-risk groups and pay attention to smoking status. Key messages • Sex and age play a siginificant role in use of oral nicotine products. • Interventions and public health campagins should adress high-risk groups

Optimisasi Pengelolaan Karyawan dan Proyek Melalui Sistem Berbasis Web di PT Raja Perkasa

PT Raja Perkasa, a company operating in the construction sector, faces challenges in managingoperational activities and employee performance. This research aims to develop a web-basedmanagement system as a solution to address these issues. The developed application is designed topresent the company’s portfolio, manage partner data, handle partnership proposals, overseeproject data, manage employee records, facilitate attendance tracking, manage leave requests,resignation submissions, and issue employee warnings. The application development utilizes theLaravel framework and MySQL as the database management system, with the goal of improvingthe efficiency and effectiveness of company information management. The Waterfall method isused for the application development, encompassing the stages of requirements analysis, design,coding, testing, deployment, and maintenance. The application, after successful testing in thedeveloper’s local environment, was then hosted for direct user access. In the maintenance phase,bug fixes were implemented, and user satisfaction data was gathered through questionnairescompleted by 23 respondents representing seven user roles: admin, project manager, owner, HR, employees, clients, and visitors. The Likert scale analysis resulted in an average satisfaction levelof 87.14%. The research findings indicate that the application provides a positive user experience.However, further development is needed to add features such as employee recruitment, financialmanagement, and project scheduling, with a focus on sensitive data security. Therefore, thisapplication is expected to strengthen PT Raja Perkasa’s position in the construction industry andenhance project management and employee productivity

Design of a virtual reality serious game for experiencing the colors of Dunhuang frescoes

With the rapid advancement of digital games, serious games have emerged as a significant medium for engaging with cultural heritage. As a primary visual element in cultural heritage, color plays a crucial role in users’ digital learning. However, there is currently a scarcity of serious game designs that specifically focus on cultural heritage colors, indicating potential for improvement in the user experience. To further enhance users’ perception of color and create a more engaging and enriching digital cultural heritage experience, this study proposes a virtual reality serious game (VR SG) design method specifically tailored to cultural heritage colors. Additionally, it explores the potential of VR SG in enhancing the education, entertainment, and dissemination aspects of these colors within cultural heritage. Specifically, we explore how to integrate relevant knowledge of cultural heritage colors into the application process of VR SG and assess users’ learning performance, engagement, and interactive willingness within these VR SG. The study employs the colors of the Dunhuang cave frescoes as a case study for design practice. A total of 30 participants took part in a between-group comparison experiment, utilizing a mixed-methods approach that combined quantitative and qualitative assessments to compare the performance of a VR SG with a VR exhibition game. The results indicate that both the VR SG and the VR exhibition game effectively enhance users’ understanding and retention of knowledge, with VR SG users demonstrating higher levels of task engagement, emotional engagement, willingness to explore, and willingness to share. This study confirms the potential of VR SG to enhance the education, entertainment, and dissemination aspects of cultural heritage colors and discusses the implications of VR SG in supporting digital cultural heritage experiences.

NGHIÊN CỨU THỰC TRẠNG QUẢN LÍ HOẠT ĐỘNG DẠY HỌC MÔN CÔNG NGHỆ BẬC TIỂU HỌC Ở TRƯỜNG LIÊN CẤP VIỆT – ÚC

Management of teaching activities for Technology subjects at Primary schools according to the General Education program in 2018 has demonstrated various changes. The Technology subject at Primary aims for students to be able to evaluate the role of use, the comment on technology products, and the design of some technical handicraft products. However, the current situation of managing Technology teaching activities in elementary schools, especially private schools, requires a thorough assessment to design and propose effective management of Technology teaching activities. This research was conducted on a typical case study at a private primary school in Hanoi city and will present the current situation of managing teaching activities in Technology subjects.

CAMPUS CONNECT

The project named “Campus Connect” is aimed to create a centralized web-based platform that is intended to fill the gap between fresh graduates and target employers. The system will be an online web application that can be accessed by the college student , the company and the college itself with proper login provided. The system can be used as an application for student or the fresher’s to apply for the job. This application is built using modern web development technologies, ensuring the scalability and ease of use. It also aims to reduce efforts with campus placement. The entire recruitment process gets easy for both the students and the recruiters. This campus connect platform enhances the experience of seeking a job for fresher’s. It also postthe opportunities of job and also help for hiringprocess. This system is designed with three user roles: students, college as a mediators, recruiterseach are provided with special login access and functionalities.

The rise of open innovation in Chinese academia: a systematic review of the literature

The recent open innovation (OI) literature underscores the importance of understanding how OI is implemented across diverse institutional contexts. China has captivated OI scholars, representing a distinctive business environment that challenges established theories and frameworks. Building on translation theory, this study systematically reviews how scholars affiliated with Chinese institutions have conceptualized the concept of OI. We used a systematic approach to analyze a final sample of 202 articles, unveiling insights into themes, approaches, and implications. Our primary findings highlight a concentration on themes such as external knowledge search for enhancing firms' performance, the escalating role of innovation ecosystems, and the significance of local business, traditional Chinese culture, and innovation policies in shaping these dynamics. In contrast to recent trends in the broader international OI literature, concepts such as the role of users, universities, platforms, and social innovation are not extensively explored. Lastly, we suggest various avenues for future research to enrich OI scholarship.

Peer feedback in higher education: How students’ roles affect providing and receiving feedback

In this study, we aimed to explore the impact of different roles of feedback providers on their experience of providing feedback, as well as their influence on the feedback receivers’ responses to feedback. The students who performed the assignment (creating learning material) assumed the role of peer experts (N=22) in providing feedback. The other students (N=22) took on the role of peer users as they used the developed learning materials. The data on the students’ experiences were collected using the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory. The response to feedback was explored via interviews with the peer experts. Findings indicate that the peer experts exhibited a higher sense of competence than the peer users. Their feedback was perceived as more clear, specific, and useful than that provided by the peer users. According to the Self-Determination Theory, we highlight the importance of different task design features for students’ sense of competence, relatedness, and autonomy.

Prediction of vibro-acoustic sound emissions based on mapped structural dynamics

In the product design of shell-like housing structures for vibrating bodies, acoustic emission plays a significant role in usability and customer comfort. Consequently, the prediction of the emitted sound, e.g., in the form of the radiated sound power, is desired in the earliest possible stage of the development cycle. In industry, performing extensive acoustic testing using microphone arrays or laser scanning vibrometry is often time-consuming or infeasible, as it requires an acoustically treated measurement chamber and specific measurement equipment. On the other hand, accelerometer data is more straightforward to obtain due to the lower cost of the sensors and relaxed constraints on the measurement chamber compared to acoustic measurements. Hence, this contribution utilizes available surface velocity data in an acoustic simulation of the free-field Helmholtz problem. In doing so, it compares a conventional element-based and a mesh-less data-driven mapping technique to investigate the reduction of the number of provided sensor positions for the radiation problem. The open-source boundary element framework NiHu is used to give accurate predictions of acoustic emissions over a wide frequency range. The approach is applied to an industrial problem and validated against microphone measurements.

Webtoons, Desperately Seeking Viewers: Interactive Creativity in Social Media Platforms and Cultural Appropriation of Global Media Production

Webtoons optimize interactivity and participation of media users in the world of digital media by consolidating a unique digital culture. This article examines the role of users in interactive media by exploring the case of webtoons in the context of a changing global political economy and cultural dominance. Korean platform monopolies have established a new business model for webtoons and developed it as a center of Korean creative power. While webtoons have increasingly expanded and attracted the global market and the global audience, some persistent social issues remain, including the precarious labor structure, monopolistic power in the industry, and ideological dominance in content. Although webtoon viewers are often recognized as cultural intermediaries and powerful agents for their contributions to interactive creativity, their role has fluctuated according to changing political-economic structures and industrial strategies. In the course of expanding to the global market and to new business areas such as intellectual property (IP), webtoons have evolved in new fashions while disclosing the ambivalent nature of participatory media and digital interactivity. This article elucidates the double faces of interactive creativity focusing on viewers’ participation in webtoon production in the context of changing webtoon industry and growing partnership with global media.

Enhancing Health Services through Telemedicine: Addressing the Gaps in LBW Monitoring and Training at Puskesmas Gedangan, Sidoarjo Regency

Puskesmas in Sidoarjo Regency do not yet have facilities for monitoring LBW in real time via android either by health workers at the health centre or the patient's family. Puskesmas Gedangan serves communities spread across several villages with a coverage area spread across several villages. This is an obstacle for families to get access to monitor the patient's progress, because the patient is in the NICU or ICU room. Another thing is that there is no training for users in the use of telemedicine-based Baby Incubator equipment. The role of users and families of patients is very important to keep the equipment in good condition. However, operating trainings based on new technology for users have never been conducted. Efforts to solve the above problems are to carry out counselling and assistance in the use of baby incubator equipment to users including nurses, midwives and other non-health worker users, so as to increase the knowledge of officers or users which in turn will have an impact on increasing the productivity of officers or users and improving the quality of service at the health centre. The purpose of this Community Service is to increase the role and participation of Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya in improving the degree of public health in the Puskesmas Gedangan area, Sidoarjo Regency. The results of community service through the application of telemedicine-based Baby Incubator at Puskesmas Gedangan are increased knowledge and skills regarding telemedicine-based baby incubator equipment. This will improve health services, especially for babies who need intensive care. The implementation of this technology provides significant benefits, including increased accessibility of health services, speed of response to patient health conditions, family involvement in care, and efficient use of resources. Assistance to Puskesmas personnel and patient families in the form of training, monitoring and evaluation of the use of appropriate technology in the form of Telemedicine-based baby incubator utilization.

The Critical Role of Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) in securing backup, recovery, and storage systems

In the contemporary digital landscape, safeguarding data through robust access control mechanisms is crucial. Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) is an effective strategy for managing access to backup and recovery systems, as well as storage devices. RBAC assigns permissions based on user roles, thereby enforcing the principle of least privilege and enhancing data security. This blog explores the significance of RBAC in these contexts and extends its relevance to ransomware and malware threats, as well as disaster recovery. Supported by scientific research and industry case studies, it underscores how RBAC can mitigate risks, ensure regulatory compliance, and improve data management practices.

Tax Challenges Arising from Digitalization: Evaluating the Taxation Models Proposed by the European Commission and the OECD

The world has entered a period of deep transition with rapid and phenomenal development of innovations. The rise of the digital economy has dramatically changed the global business environment, creating new challenges for the tax system. Newspapers and magazines are being replaced by the Internet, and trade in material goods – by digital services. The digital economy eliminates the barriers of time, space and distance. The server where the transaction is processed, the location from which the goods or services are supplied and the place of supply of such goods or services are in different jurisdictions, therefore, the question “Where should the transaction be taxed?” is raised. Meanwhile, the digital economy opens up unprecedented opportunities to avoid taxes with the international tax rules which are still “stuck” in 20th-century business concepts, because the companies operating in the digital space do not need factories, stores or other permanent residences to develop their activities. This article aims to evaluate the efforts of the European Union and international standard-setting entities to find a solution for fair taxation of the digital economy. The first part of the article delves into the concept of the digital economy and its essential features with a special emphasis on the role of the digital service user which is unique and more complex than the role usually played by the customer. This part also analyses the differences between digital and traditional business. The second part of the study emphasizes the reasons that will lead to the necessity of taxation of the digital economy, discusses the digital services tax applied in certain countries of the European Union and highlights the weakness of the concept of digital establishment in double taxation agreements concluded by the countries. The final part explores the proposals submitted by the European Commission regarding the introduction of a common consolidated corporate tax base and the inclusion of the concept of virtual permanent establishment in the tax system in the context of the digital economy taxation model proposed by international organizations.

Navigating the ethical terrain of AI in education: A systematic review on framing responsible human-centered AI practices

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) in recent years, there has been an increasing number of studies on integrating AI in various educational contexts, ranging from early childhood to higher education. Although systematic reviews have widely reported the effects of AI on teaching and learning, limited reviews have examined and defined responsible AI in education (AIED). To fill this gap, we conducted a convergent systematic mixed studies review to analyze key themes emerging from primary research. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, we searched Scopus and Web of Science and identified 40 empirical studies that satisfied our inclusion criteria. Specifically, we used four criteria for the screening process: (1) the study's full text was available in English; (2) the study was published before April 10th, 2024 in peer-reviewed journals or conference proceedings; (3) the study was primary research that collected original data and applied qualitative, quantitative, or mixed-methods as the study methodology; and (4) the study had a clear focus on ethical and/or responsible AI in one or multiple educational context(s). Our findings identified essential stakeholders and characteristics of responsible AI in K-20 educational contexts and expanded understanding of responsible human-centered AI (HCAI). We unveiled characteristics vital to HCAI, encompassing Fairness and Equity, Privacy and Security, Non-maleficence and Beneficence, Agency and Autonomy, and Transparency and Intelligibility. In addition, we provided suggestions on how to achieve responsible HCAI via collaborative efforts of stakeholders, including roles of users (e.g., students and educators), developers, researchers, and policy and decision-makers.

The Effects of Layout Order on Interface Complexity: An Eye-Tracking Study for Dashboard Design.

This study investigated the effect of layout order on the complexity of the dashboard interface based on screen-based eye trackers. By simplifying and abstracting dashboard interfaces and incorporating subjective ratings (symmetry and unity calculations), we successfully manipulated the levels of complexity and layout order of the interface materials. Using four types of eye movement data (total fixation count, total gaze duration, scanning paths, and hotspot maps) and behavioral data, we compared participants' visual search behavior on interfaces with different layout orders and complexity levels. Experiment 1 revealed a significant interaction between layout order and interface complexity, with participants performing significantly better in the high-level layout order condition. Experiment 2 confirmed that the position of the core chart plays a crucial role in users' visual search behavior and that the optimal layout order for the dashboard is to place the core chart on the left side of the interface's horizontal axis, with partial symmetry in the no-core chart areas. This study highlights the effectiveness of eye-tracking techniques in user interface design research and provides valuable insights into optimizing dashboard interface design. Designers should adopt the design principle of "order is more" in addition to "less is more" and consider designing the core chart in the left-center position.

Involving lead users in firm’s standardization strategy within action groups: evidence from smart robotics

PurposeThis research explores how firms manage the complex technologies standardization in action groups. It considers the strategic issues that technology producers face when involving lead users in architecture design. Drawing on the multi-mode standardization literature, this study addresses two dilemmas regarding value creation and appropriation by technology producers within coalitions. The first dilemma is how to create value by developing solutions in compliance with industry standards. The second one is how to appropriate value while ensuring the technology sharing with action groups. The answers to these two dilemmas contribute to filling the research gap on value creation and appropriation in multi-mode standardization.Design/methodology/approachThe research focuses on technology producers participating in action groups where lead users play a crucial role. We conducted a qualitative analysis based on the standardization experience of a Japanese company specializing in smart robotics. Data are collected through semi-structured interviews with key actors. Action groups are defined operationally as a set of stakeholders including competitors of the technology producers, component suppliers, end users, services providers, research centers and academia. The case study is suitable for highlighting specific aspects of the standardization process during its manifestation. It reveals how firms create and appropriate value, providing details about its standardization strategy.FindingsOur findings show that smart robotics standardization is drivn by collaborative models, where the two dilemmas of value creation and appropriation are evident. Firstly, the case revealed that standardization is lead users oriented. Secondly, lead users’ involvement is crucial to customize technologies. Thirdly, the firm’s position is to share a part of the value with the members. The IPR policy is a matter of interest within action groups, since the collaboration is based on open innovation models to share patents and licenses related knowledge.Research limitations/implicationsThis research has some limitations attributable to the limited generalizability of the results due to the qualitative analysis. In addition, this study considers the perspective of technology producers, but should also take into account the perspective of both collective actions itself and the lead users. Findings have some implications in the strategy negotiation. Participating in action groups is not enough to ensure a competitive advantage. Involving lead users is of strategic importance to acquire a competitive advantage. Lead users contribute to the producers’ technology design, helping firms to differentiate solutions from the industry standard and create value from customized technologies.Practical implicationsThis study helps practitioners understand the competitive side of collective actions, clarifying the value capture and appropriability in standardization. The research provides insights to policymakers and standard development organizations committees when they are called to harmonize standards considering the fallouts on the sector’s competitiveness. Findings suggest appropriate property rights policies to manage the issues related to the value appropriability and technology sharing, recognizing action groups members for their contribution in value creation.Originality/valueThis study shows how firms deal within action groups with the two dilemmas of variety versus technology conformity and property rights versus technology sharing. It fills the research gap in collective actions, emphasizing the perspective of the individual firm in the group rather than the coalition strategy itself. This topic highlights the crucial role of lead users within action groups in managing the two dilemmas, offering a new perspective for understanding critical issues of multi-mode standardization. Reflecting on mechanisms and tools to manage the two dilemmas allows firms to protect their competitive advantage in coalitions.

Altruistic and egoistic motivations to engage with contact-tracing apps: Lessons learned from the Covid-19 pandemic

During the Covid-19 pandemic, contact-tracing apps have offered effective help to bend the contagion curve. Thus, it is of critical importance to understand the factors that influence contact-tracing apps’ adoption among citizens. In particular, the successful adoption and usage of contact-tracing apps strongly relies on individual motives. Therefore, this study draws on the theory of altruistic and egoistic motivation for prosocial behaviours to analyse the underlying motives through which citizens engage in voluntary behaviours aimed at using and promoting the use of contact-tracing apps. The study also examines the mediating role of users’ trust in the app. Data from 221 users of Ireland’s Covid Tracker app was analysed. Structural equation modelling with PLS was used to test the research model. Findings show differences between egoistic and altruistic motivation in promoting app use and sharing. Egoistic motivation significantly promotes voluntary behaviours among citizens and users’ trust in the app mediates this influence. Yet, contrary to predictions, in the context of the pandemic, altruistic motivation does not play a significant role in engaging citizens in these voluntary behaviours, either directly or indirectly. The findings of this study are important for policy makers and may inform future policy decisions regarding the implementation of contact-tracing apps in the case of new pandemics or for other contexts requiring cooperative daily check-in.

РАЗРАБОТКА ВИРТУАЛЬНОЙ ЛАБОРАТОРИИ «ОСНОВЫ АЛГОРИТМИЗАЦИИ И ПРОГРАММИРОВАНИЯ»

The article discusses the experience of developing a virtual laboratory for algorithmization and programming based on the resources of a higher educational institution. This interactive platform provides convenient interaction between students and teachers, helps to improve the programming skills of its users and allows teachers to effectively manage the learning process within the framework of the courses they have created. The relevance of this work is due to the need to use auxiliary tools in the educational process in full-time or distance learning. The main stages of the program development are described, in particular, a comparative analysis of existing solutions is performed, the roles of users and their tasks are considered, and the main functional characteristics of the developed application are listed. The general algorithm of the application functioning is described.

Exploring the impact of paid over-the-top service and mobile network profiles in watching TV content on mobile devices

PurposeThe television (TV) content ecosystem has shifted from traditional broadcasting systems to dedicated content producers and over-the-top (OTT) services. However, less empirical effort has been paid to the actual behaviors of the mobile users who watch TV content when explaining the impact of OTT service and mobile network profiles in watching TV content. This study aims to investigate the impact of gratifications and attitude formed by mobile TV users on actual mobile TV watching behaviors, as well as the moderating impacts of paid OTT service subscriptions and mobile network profiles, based on gratification theory, cognition–affect–behavioral (CAB) framework, sunk cost effect and walled-garden effect.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs the generalized linear model (GLM) with generalized estimating equations (GEE) to test hypothesized relationships. A total of 338 mobile phone users who have been watching TV content using a mobile phone participated in the survey. The moderating variables, 4 types of paid streaming platform subscriptions, were classified based on the walled gardens formed by mobile telecom services.FindingsThe study’s results revealed that obtained gratifications and opportunity constructs substantially influenced a mobile phone user’s attitude and behaviors. Additionally, mobile network profiles and the degree of access to paid platform services played significant moderating roles in the relationship between users’ attitudes and behavior.Originality/valueThis research enriches the existing OTT service literature and is one of the pioneering studies investigating the walled-garden effect’s role in mobile phone users’ actual watching behaviors, offering valuable practical implications for the OTT platform providers.

Theory-Practice Integration In Health Education: Analysis Of Thiollent's Action Research Methodology

Action research was initially developed by Kurt Lewin during World War II and was consolidated in the Social Sciences as a methodology aimed at promoting changes in the contexts studied. Its participatory character allows the integration between theory and practice, valuing the collaboration between researchers and participants to solve problems and generate new knowledge. In Brazil, it was popularized by Michel Thiollent, standing out for uniting social transformation with critical reflection. Currently, action research is applied in several areas, especially in education and organizational contexts. In this context, the main objective of the present study is to analyze, according to the scientific production, how Thiollent's Action Research methodology promotes the integration between theory and practice in the process of training and professional education in health, aiming at improvements in care and educational practices. The present research sought to answer the following question: How can the application of Action Research, according to Thiollent's model, contribute to the formation and development of collaborative and reflective practices in professional health education? To investigate this issue, we analyzed articles indexed in the Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS) and Nursing Database (BDENF) databases, focusing on publications from the last 10 years that were available in full and free of charge. The search was carried out using the following keywords: "Professional education" OR "Continuing Education" OR "Health Professional" OR "Nursing" OR "Primary health care" AND "action research" and their equivalents in Portuguese. The selection of studies followed inclusion criteria that favored relevance and alignment with the theme of action research in the context of professional health education. Thiollent's Action Research, applied to professional training in health, promotes the integration between theory and practice, developing critical and reflective skills through collaborative solutions and valuing the role of professionals and users in the continuous improvement of educational and care practices

Implementing an Agile-Driven Centralized System: A Key Strategy for Optimizing Stock Administration Efficiency

The stock administration program architecture involves user roles, such as managers, administrators, and staff, interacting with the system's components to access and process data. The system's development relies on hardware and application elements, including databases, front-end and back-end systems, code editing tools, and local servers. A use-case approach organizes stock administration, with diagrams showing users' interactions with the system. Administrators can manage stock by adding, modifying, or deleting items, while the system provides reports for analysis and decision-making. Staff members can view inventory, adjust stock levels, and receive alerts for low stock. Managers oversee stock requests, analyze reports, and manage staff accounts. A SUS questionnaire was administered to assess usability, revealing user perceptions based on ease of use, efficiency, and satisfaction. Comparing SUS scores across user roles helps identify usability challenges. High scores indicate that the system is user-friendly and effective, while lower scores suggest areas for improvement through training, redesign, or feature enhancements. Users reported high usability for ease of use, with support requirements scoring second highest. Staff ratings highlighted areas for improvement, such as stock level notifications, which can be addressed through redesign or training to enhance system usability.