Use Of Visual Aids Research Articles

IMPROVING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILL THROUGH VISUAL AIDS IN THE SECOND YEAR STUDENTS OF ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

This research was an experimental research. This research aimed to find out the improvement of students’ speaking skills with a research objective; to find out the improvement of Students’ Speaking Skills by using visual aids in the Second Year Students of the English Education Department State Islamic University of Alauddin Makassar. The visual aids that the researcher used in this research were pictures and videos. This research was conducted at English Education Department State Islamic University of Alauddin Makassar the second-year students. In this research, the population was 101 students in the second year of EED. The sample was 50 students. There were 25 students in EED A as an experimental group and 25 students in EED B as a control group. The instrument that the researcher used in this research to collect data were speaking tests. The data were analyzed quantitatively using SPSS 23.0 version. The findings of the research showed that the use of visual aids was able to improve students’ speaking skill in the Second Year Students of English Education Department State Islamic University of Alauddin Makassar.

EFL Teachers’ Perceptions of Teacher Appraisal

The purpose of this study was to examine EFL teachers’ perceptions of teacher appraisal in terms of its purpose, methods, and criteria. Data for this study were collected from 20 EFL teachers who were given a questionnaire asking them to indicate to what extent they agreed with a total of 44 statements in a Likert-style format, with space to write their comments. Basic statistical analysis of responses revealed several characteristics that many teachers considered to reflect effective teacher appraisal. In terms of purpose, teachers seemed to lean more towards conducting appraisals for professional improvement purposes than making personnel decisions. As for methods, teachers seemed to prefer to be evaluated by their supervisors, whether in terms of classroom observation or evaluation of their written work (tests, portfolios, etc.), to being evaluated by non-EFL supervisors, students, or external evaluators (whether in terms of classroom observation, questionnaires or asking them to take tests). As for evaluation criteria, the results revealed that teachers strongly agreed with most of the evaluation criteria in the literature but were less enthusiastic about such criteria as knowledge of learning theories, use of visual aids, and using higher cognitive levels in discussions and examinations.

An evaluation of readability and understandability of online education materials for breast cancer survivors.

We aimed to determine the availability of existing web-based educational materials on breast cancer survivorship and assess their readability and understandability. We identified materials eligible for review in two ways: (1) reviews of websites of major cancer-related organizations (e.g., American Cancer Society); (2) Google searches for breast cancer survivorship, breast cancer, breast cancer follow-up care, and cancer survivorship. We measured Flesch-Kincaid and New Dale Readability of existing breast cancer and breast cancer survivorship materials. Readability grade levels 5 to 8 were considered ideal to acceptable. We used the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT) to measure the understandability of 53 videos and 152 written materials, such as booklets and manuals. A resource was considered understandable and/or actionable if it scored ≥ 70% on either the understandability section or the actionability section of the PEMAT. We identified a total of 205 existing materials including brochures, booklets, facts sheets, websites, and videos in English. The average Flesch-Kincaid grade score of written educational materials was 9.7 (range 3.5-16.4), which translates to a 9th grade reading level. According to the New Dale-Chall readability assessment, most of the materials were in the 9 to 10 grade level range. The average PEMAT score was 88.6% (range 56-100%). Patient educational materials are available online as printable, written materials, and videos and they focus on a wide selection of survivorship-related topics. Most of the breast cancer educational materials that are available online were above an 8th grade reading level. The PEMAT results, however, suggest that materials are easy to understand regarding word choice and style, use of numbers, organization, layout and design, and use of visual aids. Understandable patient education materials are essential for guiding breast cancer survivors towards improving their health outcomes and optimizing their quality of life.

Clinician-created educational video for shared decision-making in the outpatient management of acne.

Shared decision-making (SDM) provides patient-centered care. However, the limited consultation time was the main factor hindering the application. Patient education is crucial in the process of SDM. The use of visual aids as health education materials is an effective way to improve patients' health literacy and medication adherence. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the clinician-created educational video of acne, accessed by patients during the waiting time, including knowledge level and satisfaction. This study was conducted in dermatology outpatient clinics and collected patient responses through electronic devices. During the waiting time, patients with acne would read educational pamphlets and complete the test first. Then, a clinician-created 8-minute educational video, as a patient decision aid (PDA), was accessed by patients using their own mobile smart devices, followed by a test and questionnaire about the satisfaction of the pamphlet and video. We enrolled 50 patients with acne, including 33 males and 17 females. The mean age is 25.55 ± 6.27 years old, ranging from 15 to 47 years old. About the patients' knowledge, the test score improved significantly after watching the video (P < .001). The same findings were observed in the subgroup analysis of gender and different age groups. A higher proportion of patients preferred the educational video over the pamphlet in both genders and different age groups. All patients agreed with the video helped them to understand the educational information and impressed them more than reading pamphlets. The application of clinician-created educational videos in patient education seems to be an efficient solution to implement SDM in the daily clinical work. Besides, we could remind patients to watch the video anytime when they were not sure about the treatment choices, side effects, or the precautions of medications.

SOME METHODOLOGICAL FEATURES OF TEACHING SCHOOLCHILDREN TO SOLVE STEREOMETRIC PROBLEMS

The article deals with some methodological aspects of teaching school students to solve stereometric problems related to geometric bodies. Stereometric problems on polyhedra and bodies of rotation are studied in the last sections of the high school geometry program and are considered one of the most important topics for students of the natural-mathematical direction and specialized classes. The article is an introduction to the methodological foundations of a number of features for studying the subject of geometry at the level of students in grades 10-11. The article deals with the issues that lead to the inability to solve stereometric problems at the UNT (weakness of theoretical knowledge, the frequency of similar problems in a school textbook) and cause difficulties (weak ability to represent in space). Among the students, a survey was conducted on which tasks they first pay attention to during the UNT in the section of stereometry and in solving other problems. When analyzing the answers in the questionnaire, it was found that during the UNT, little or no time is allocated when solving problems of stereometry. The use of visual aids, multimedia technologies in the classroom for teaching the solution of stereometric problems, improving spatial imagination and self-education and the development of problem-solving skills, as well as the consideration of various methods of problem solving, showed a general positive perception of the problem in an easy and effective way.

O16 Understanding Barriers and Facilitators to Virtual Culinary Nutrition Instruction for Youth

<h3>Background</h3> The COVID-19 pandemic caused FamilyCook Productions to re-design its evidence-based curriculum, Teen Battle Chef (TBC), to be taught virtually in a feasible format that allows culinary skill development that could result in positive behavior changes. <h3>Objective</h3> Examines barriers and facilitators to achieving a well-delivered and well-received, live, virtual format for an evidence-based, teaching kitchen program for youth. <h3>Study Design, Settings, Participants</h3> Twelve adolescent cohorts received a virtual version of TBC April to August 2020 (n = 145) Quantitative and qualitative process data examined participation barriers and facilitators, progress in gaining cooking skills, the use of the Framework for 10 Experimental Drivers of Behavior Change, identifiers of behavioral and attitudinal changes. Participant post-survey and instructor interviews assessed capabilities and barriers to participation. <h3>Measurable Outcome/Analysis</h3> Session observation measured attendance, cooking with instructor, instructor's use of visual aids. Post served measured youth attitudes and behaviors. <h3>Results</h3> Instructors (91.6%) used new visual aids to facilitate virtual learning (PowerPoints/videos). Adolescents attended a mean of 8.2 of 12 sessions. The percentage of adolescents cooking with the instructor was 37.3%. The post-survey (n = 28) revealed 92.9% of adolescents felt empowered to prepare meals on their own; 57.1% reported regularly trying to get more ‘colors' of fruits/vegetables in their meals. Difficulty obtaining ingredients was the largest participation barrier (42.9%). An average of 8.4 of the 10 Experiential Drivers of Behavior change were used in these virtual sessions. Instructor interviews revealed 100% felt they were effective in supporting students to cook at home and 90% reported advantages of students using home kitchens. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Virtual live culinary education elicited student participation and skills development, despite barriers of online education. Educators found students being in their own home kitchens facilitated their ability to develop the targeted culinary/life skills and adopt them in their lifestyle more quickly than in classroom instruction. These positive findings suggest future evaluation of virtual culinary nutrition education is warranted. <h3>Funding</h3> None.

Comparison of factors influencing fall recurrence in the young-old and old-old: a cross-sectional nationwide study in South Korea

BackgroundRecurrent falls are a concerning problem in the elderly. Elderly people aged > 65 years who are prone to fall often require medical treatment for severe fall-related injuries, which is associated with a substantial financial burden. Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors related to recurrent falls in the community-dwelling young-old (65–74 years old) and old-old (≥ 75 years) in South Korea.MethodsThis study used a cross-sectional, correlation design. Data from the 2017 National Survey of Older Koreans were used, and 5,838 young-old and 4,205 old-old elderly people were included in the analysis. The questionnaire included general characteristics, fall experience, physical status, mental status, and presence of chronic diseases. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test, one-way analysis of variance, and logistic regression analysis.ResultsIn the young-old elderly people, limitations in activities of daily living (p < .001), use of visual aids (p = .002), cognitive function (p < .001), presence of suicidal ideations (p = .005), number of chronic diseases (p < .001), and number of prescribed medications used (p = .006) associated with fall recurrence. In the old-old elderly people, having a spouse (p = .034), being a beneficiary of the National Basic Livelihood Security System (p = .025), less exercise (p = .003), limitations in activities of daily living (p < .001), visual aid use (p = .002), presence of suicidal ideations (p = .015), number of chronic diseases (p < .001), and presence of Parkinson's disease (p < .001) associated with fall recurrence.ConclusionsThis study identified differences in factors related to fall recurrence between the young-old and old-old elderly. The results of this study indicate that it is necessary to implement an intervention program to prevent fall recurrence by age group in consideration of the risk factors for fall recurrence in each elderly people group.

Teaching English Language Vocabulary to EFL Learners in the Arab Region: A Preliminary Reading

This study is intended to have an in-depth discussion on the chief subject of this research paper, which is the most appropriate method of teaching English language vocabulary to EFL learners in the Arab region. To conduct this study, the two researchers investigated and gathered a large set of notable sources of information and research papers having dealt with vocabulary instruction to find an answer to the main question of this study. Both researchers attempted to provide theoretical coverage of specific areas applicable to English language vocabulary instruction. This theoretical coverage investigated the basic methods and strategies employed by each one of them, which specialists have classified as specific media for teaching vocabulary. They are, in order, Grammar-translation, Direct Method, Audio-lingual, Total-physical Response and Communicative Learning. These methods have proven their efficiency, seriousness, quality, and practical validity in educational circles, whether there or here in the Arab region. However, these methods, despite their importance, did not prove their worth as did other simple techniques and strategies that were effective and more influential on the EFL learners. These include the use of visual aids, bi-lingual dictionaries, the introduction of repeated verbal/written drills and guesswork exercises to find the appropriate meanings of words or phrases. To attain such conclusions, the collected data ought to be comprehensive and insightful, with study results arising from detailed review of related literature.

LGG-46. Survival Of The Fittest? A Prognostic Evaluation of Paediatric Low-Grade Glioma (PLGG) Survivor Functional Outcomes

INTRODUCTION: Whilst most patients with PLGG will survive, varying morbidities derived from patient,tumour & treatment characteristics can afflict life-long disabling functional impairments. No PLGG studies have evaluated potential prognostic factors for important functional outcomes. METHODS: We performed retrospective analysis of all children diagnosed with PLGG at GOSH 1980-2021.Review of medical notes recorded patient demographics,tumour characteristics & treatment data.Functional outcomes included endocrine,educational,visual (in OPG),auditory & physical function.Multivariate regression analysis(p<0.05) examined associations between biological prognostic variables & functional outcomes. RESULTS: 814 patients were diagnosed with PLGG.731(90%) had 5-years follow-up from diagnosis & were included for functional analysis.Median age at diagnosis 7 years(0-17.9); 50.6%Male,12.2% NF1.Tumours were cerebral(27%),cerebellar(27%),hypothalamo-chiasmatic(19%),brainstem(7%),or other(20%);with disseminated disease in 5%.Pilocytic Astrocytoma constituted 46%.Molecular profiling of 133 revealed 5%BRAFV600E mutation,42%BRAF-KIAA1549 fusion.Treatments included: Surgery(70%),Chemotherapy(20%),& Radiotherapy(21%).20-year-OS 94%,PFS 76%;median follow-up 16 years(5-38). Documented neurocognitive deficiency(30%) associated with chemotherapy(HR2.36,95%CI 1.49-3.75,P<0.001), radiotherapy(HR 2.25,95%CI1.5-3.36,P<0.001) & male gender(HR 0.68,95%CI 0.49-0.95,P0.02)as independent poor-prognostic risk-factors.Chemotherapy(HR 5.7,95%CI1.4-22.3,P0.01) & radiotherapy(HR6.77,95%CI2.1-22.0,P0.001) were independent risk-factors for requirement of Educational-Health-Care-Plans(25%).9% attended specialised schools. Combined-limb-MRC-grade <18/20(6.4%) was independently-associated with receiving chemotherapy(HR 2.77,95%CI1.29-5.93,P0.01),& radiotherapy(HR 6.28,95%CI3.25-12.15,P<0.001).6% mobilised by wheelchair.Resolution of seizures occurred in 68% of 176 following PLGG treatment. Single/multiple endocrinopathies occurred in 9.3%/11%.Presence of 2+Endocrinopathies was associated with chemotherapy(HR6.82,95%CI4.0-14.4,P<0.001), radiotherapy(HR7.81,95%CI4.3-14.3,P<0.001),NF1(HR2.9,95%CI1.3-6,P0.01),OPGs(HR 1.3,95%CI1.2-1.5,P<0.001);with younger diagnostic-age(HR0.80,95%CI0.74-0.87,P<0.001) & initial surgical resection(HR0.3,95%CI0.15-0.7,P0.03) independent protective factors. Receiving chemotherapy/radiotherapy were independent prognostic-factors for Post-PLGG-treatment Brock grade 1+ hearing impairments(2.2%).Visual outcomes in 146 OPG patients:blindness in atleast 1 eye(4.8%),registered visual impairment(9.6%),& visual-aid use(6.2%). CONCLUSIONS: Whilst overall outcomes for PLGG are optimistic, some patients have significant functional impairments detrimental to quality-of-life.Further evaluation of longer-term functional outcomes and prognostic associations is justified.

A Novel Digital Self-management Intervention for Symptoms of Fatigue, Pain, and Urgency in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Describing the Process of Development.

BackgroundEmpirical studies and systematic reviews have demonstrated the role of biological, cognitive, behavioral, and emotional factors in fatigue, pain, and urgency in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Behavioral management that addresses the cognitive, behavioral, and emotional factors offered alongside medical treatment is seldom available to people with IBD. Digital interventions provide a potentially scalable and cost-effective way of providing behavioral support to patients.ObjectiveThis paper aimed to describe the process of developing a supported digital self-management intervention for fatigue, pain, and urgency in IBD using theory and evidence-based approaches and stakeholder input.MethodsThe Medical Research Council framework for complex health interventions and a person-based approach were used to guide intervention development, consulting with 87 patients with IBD and 60 nurses. These frameworks informed the selection and use of a theoretical model that subsequently guided cognitive behaviorally based intervention content. They also guided the design of tailored digital intervention pathways for individuals with IBD that matched the predominant symptoms.ResultsA transsymptomatic cognitive behavioral framework of symptom perpetuation was developed for the symptoms of fatigue, pain, and urgency in IBD. A logic model was used to define the intervention techniques. Patient feedback and qualitative interviews refined the website content and functionalities, including the use of visual aids, email reminders, and graphical tracking of symptoms. Nurse focus groups informed the volume and delivery model of the therapist facilitator support. Ratings of acceptability out of 10 following feasibility testing (31/87, 36%) demonstrated accessibility (scoring 9.43, SD 1.040), ease (scoring 8.07, SD 3.205), clarity, and the relevant tone of the intervention. The final intervention comprised 12 web-based sessions (8 core and 4 symptom-specific), with one 30-minute facilitator phone call following session 1 and subsequent on-site messaging.ConclusionsThe use of theory and integration of stakeholders’ views throughout informed the development of an evidence-based digital intervention for fatigue, pain, and urgency in IBD. This is the first web-based self-management intervention designed to address these multiple symptoms with the aim of improving the quality of life and reducing the symptom burden of IBD. The intervention is being tested in a large multicenter randomized controlled trial.Trial RegistrationISRCTN Registry ISRCTN71618461; https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN71618461

Student understanding of kinematics: a qualitative assessment

ABSTRACT In engineering, kinematics is widely regarded as a fundamental topic with the literature agreeing that students possess a wide range in understanding of the topic. This study aims to take a second-order approach by understanding and exploring the qualitatively different ways in which students approach solving kinematics problems. Phenomenography was used to collect data through ten semi-structured interviews with early-stage mechanical engineering students. Following data analysis, four distinct categories of students’ approaches were identified; unstructured, framing the problem, strategic, and conceptual. It was found that these categories could be arranged in a hierarchy and were also supported by secondary epistemic factors in determining why students employed a particular approach. The findings emphasise the need for approaching instruction from multiple perspectives and suggest a more comprehensive learning experience can be supported by linking practical laboratory observations with real-world concepts, use of visual aids, dry labs, active and peer-to-peer learning.

Methodological aspects of school education improvement in Ukraine (the second half of the XIX – early XX centuries)

The process of methodological search in the field of school education is continuous and is based on the analysis of historical experience and modern requirements of society to the level of school education. Under such conditions, a retrospective study of methodological aspects of school education in Ukraine becomes especially significant for pedagogical science. The article summarizes the methodological approaches to teaching the humanities and sciences in secondary schools of Ukraine in the second half of the XIX – early XX centuries. The analysis of positive and negative consequences of using different methodological approaches is carried out. The aim of the article is to analyse and systematize the publications of scholars and practicing teachers of the period under study on the methods of teaching school subjects and calls for the use of positive foreign experience of that time. The research methodology involved the use of comparative analysis, systematization and theoretical generalization, bibliographic search. Instructions, manuals for the schedule of educational material, absolute control over each methodological step of the teacher, the number and topic of tasks as well as teaching time to present the material slowed down the progress in teaching methods development for the humanities and sciences in secondary schools throughout Ukraine. At the same time, teachers made attempts to make learning easier and more interesting, tried to introduce a humorous component into the learning process, had the opportunity to share methodological recommendations and learn about foreign methods in the pages of pedagogical journals. In the second half of the XIX – early XX centuries, the following tendencies were observed in the methodology of teaching school subjects in Ukraine: presentation of educational material from simpler to more complex, individual approach to students, use of associations between previously studied material and the new one, the use of visual aids in primary school.

Cognitive decline, sensory impairment, and the use of audio-visual aids by long-term care facility residents

BackgroundHearing and vision impairments and the use of audio-visual aids are associated with cognitive decline in community-dwelling older people, but effects in long-term care facilities (LFCF) are unclear. We hypothesize that visual and hearing impairment are associated with cognitive decline and these relationships are mediated by using visual and hearing aids.MethodsSecondary data analysis of a longitudinal study was conducted in the 7 government-subsidized LTCF operated by one of the largest non-governmental organizations in Hong Kong using data between 2005 and 2016. Eligible residents were ≥ 60 years of age without severe cognitive impairment at baseline who had stayed in the facilities for more than 3 years. All variables were measured by using the Minimum Data Set-Resident Assessment Instrument Version 2.0, Hong Kong version. The outcome was cognitive decline. Predictors were visual and hearing impairments. Mediators were the use of visual and hearing aids. General linear models were employed to test the hypotheses.ResultsResults for 2,233 residents were analyzed, with a mean age of 82.1 ± 8.2 years and a mean follow-up period of 4.4 ± 0.8 years. Results showed that those who had visual impairment (p = 0.004) and hearing impairments (p = 0.022) had a higher risk of cognitive decline. Using hearing aids (coefficient = 0.0186, p < 0.05) positively mediates the effect of hearing impairment on cognitive decline. Using visual aids (coefficient = -0.0881, p < 0.05) negatively mediates the effects of visual impairment on cognitive decline.ConclusionIn LTCF, hearing and visual impairments are associated with a higher risk of cognitive decline. Hearing aids often-users were associated with a higher risk of cognitive decline. LTCF residents with visual impairment did not use visual aids. Use of visual aids demonstrated potential effects in slowing cognitive decline. A future study with a larger and more diverse sample with attention to quality of devices is proposed to confirm its effects.

Use of health parameter trends to communicate pet health information in companion animal practice: A mixed methods analysis.

Reviewing patient health parameter trends can strengthen veterinarian-client-patient relationships. The objective of this study is to identify characteristics associated with veterinarians' communication of health parameter trends to companion animal clients. Using a sequential exploratory mixed methods design, independent pet owner (n=27) and veterinarian (n=24) focus groups were conducted and analysed via content analysis to assess perceptions of how health parameter trends are communicated by veterinarians. Subsequently, a quantitative assessment of video recorded veterinary appointments (n=917) compared characteristics identified in focus groups with health parameter trend discussions in practice. A mixed logistic model was used to assess characteristics associated with the occurrence of weight trend discussions. Fifteen characteristics relating to veterinarians' use of health parameter trends were identified across focus groups. Veterinarians discussed 77 health parameter trends in relation to bodyweight (57/77), blood work (15/77) and other health parameters (5/77), within 73 (73/917) appointments. The odds of a weight trend discussion were higher if the veterinarian identified the pet as overweight or obese compared to an ideal bodyweight (odds ratio (OR)=2.17; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.15-4.09; p=0.016). Mention of a health parameter trend was uncommon and rarely included use of visual aids. Health parameter trends related to bodyweight were discussed reactively, rather than proactively.

БАСТАУЫШ МЕКТЕПТЕ ПӘНАРАЛЫҚ БАЙЛАНЫС АРҚЫЛЫ ЖАҢАРТЫЛҒАН БАҒДАРЛАМАМЕН ОҚУШЫЛАРДЫҢ ТАНЫМДЫҚ ҚАБІЛЕТТЕРІН ҚАЛЫПТАСТЫРУ

In this article shown the effectiveness of introducing PBL and CLIL learning technologies into the educational process in accordance with modern learning conditions and the possibility of increasing productivity, as well as interest among students. In the course of the research, special attention was paid to the application of innovative methods in groups with bilingual education, which requires new approaches both in teaching and in the criteria for assessing achievements. The new technologies obtained in the course of practical application in the framework of teaching topical issues in the field of biology and ecology have led to opportunities both to expand the abilities of students in narrow areas of science and to allow directing education in an independent direction. In addition, the article developed new criteria for assessing learning outcomes in PBL on given topics, which made it possible to assess the achievements of students in the framework of a nontraditional innovative method and which are advisory in nature for bilingual education in the field of biology, biotechnology and ecology. As a PBL product in the experimental groups, the search topic “Drinking water resources in the southern region of Kazakhstan” was proposed, which is of current practical importance. In addition, CLIL technology teaching methods were proposed to determine the level of independent learning: gesture animation, the use of visual aids and props, introductory scaffolding: research and animation.

The use of famous paintings as means of cognitive visualization in teaching language

The relevance of the research topic is due to close attention of scientific and pedagogical public to the issues of cognitive education. Over the past years there has been sustainable interest to various methods of cognitive visualization and a search for new forms of work for the formation of cognitive interest and development of reflective mental activity. Purpose: to substantiate the effectiveness of the use of famous paintings as cognitive visual material to enhance students’ learning and cognitive activity at English classes and to present the types of tasks with them. Research methods: research methods are based on an analytical review of scientific sources on issues of cognitive education, the use of visual aids in the educational process and generalization of personal pedagogical experience of using the proposed tasks at English classes in the 1st year of the Faculty of Linguistics and Intercultural Communication of the Odintsovo branch of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russian Federation. Results: the article presents examples of tasks which generate interest, stimulate cognitive activity and contribute to the development of all components of communicative competence. It is concluded that within the framework of the communicative and cognitive approach, the use of paintings as visual visualization has great potential in the field of motivation, creation of a positive attitude towards learning and contributes to the effective solution of several educational and pedagogical tasks.

Prevalence and Factors Related to Visual Impairments in Children With Bilateral Cataract Following Surgery and the Potential Need for Education and Rehabilitation Services

Introduction Pediatric cataract is still a major cause for childhood visual impairment. The goal of our study was to analyze the prevalence of children with impaired vision (6/15 or worse) after surgery for bilateral cataract, to evaluate factors associated with it and to emphasize the importance for visual rehabilitation including the use of visual aids, educational measures, and social worker services. Methods Retrospective analysis of medical records from children who underwent surgery for cataract up to age 6 years, with a follow-up of at least 4 years. Clinical characteristics retrieved from medical records included visual acuity, presence of nystagmus and/or strabismus, age at surgery, intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, and others. Results Fifty-five children were included in the study. Follow-up ranged from 4 to 13 years (Mdn = 6.8). Visual impairment was found in 15/24 (62.5%) of children operated on before the age of 6 months (group 1), and in 7/31 (22.5%) n those operated after the age of 6 months (group 2; p = .019). Thirty-eight of the 55 children had a primary IOL implantation; nystagmus and microphthalmos were also associated with higher rates of visual impairment. Discussion Despite early and modern surgery, long-term visual outcome remains poor in children undergoing bilateral cataract surgery at young age. When discussing visual prognosis with parents, it is important to recognize factors associated with visual impairment, such as need for surgery before age 6 months, nystagmus and microphthalmos, as well as the importance for early visual rehabilitation services when needed. Implications for Practitioners Our study aims to highlight the high number of children left with visual impairment and blindness following modern and timely treatment for early cataract. Early referral for visual rehabilitation will optimize quality of life in these children and will probably allow a wider range of opportunities as adults.

NEW APPROACHES TO LEARNING USING PBL AND CLIL TECHNOLOGIES AS WAYS TO INCREASE THE PRODUCTIVITY OF BILINGUAL TEACHING OF BIOLOGY

In this article shown the effectiveness of introducing PBL and CLIL learning technologies into the educational process in accordance with modern learning conditions and the possibility of increasing productivity, as well as interest among students. In the course of the research, special attention was paid to the application of innovative methods in groups with bilingual education, which requires new approaches both in teaching and in the criteria for assessing achievements. The new technologies obtained in the course of practical application in the framework of teaching topical issues in the field of biology and ecology have led to opportunities both to expand the abilities of students in narrow areas of science and to allow directing education in an independent direction. In addition, the article developed new criteria for assessing learning outcomes in PBL on given topics, which made it possible to assess the achievements of students in the framework of a nontraditional innovative method and which are advisory in nature for bilingual education in the field of biology, biotechnology and ecology. As a PBL product in the experimental groups, the search topic “Drinking water resources in the southern region of Kazakhstan” was proposed, which is of current practical importance. In addition, CLIL technology teaching methods were proposed to determine the level of independent learning: gesture animation, the use of visual aids and props, introductory scaffolding: research and animation.

Implementation of pharmacist-led tele medication management clinic in ambulatory care settings: A patient-centered care model in COVID-19 Era

Over the past 20 years, owing to rapid advances in technological innovation, namely in telecommunication and telemedicine, healthcare institutions have integrated clinical practices with cutting-edge telecommunication technology to enhance access to patient care, improve continuity of clinical care, and ensure patient safety. Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare (JHAH) is a gold-certified tertiary care institution, and it is an excellent center for patient-centered care. In response to the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it has adopted various telecommunication technologies to provide patient-care services. This article describes the integration of telecommunication technology, such as telephone and video consultation, with a pharmacist-led medication management clinic (MMC) to provide person-centered patient care services at JHAH. The JHAH pharmacy services were found to be essential in establishing face-to-face outcome-oriented pharmacist-led medication management services for patients requiring chronic ambulatory care. The established tele-MMC services enhanced patient engagement and treatment compliance, and the integration process and its challenges were assessed. Especially during this COVID-19 pandemic, the pharmacist-led tele-MMC services were beneficial to chronic disease patients and ensured the continuity of care, maintenance of up-to-date lab tests, management of polypharmacy, minimization of the use of unwanted medications and medication synchronization. Further, the pharmacist-led tele-MMC services provided comprehensive patient counseling, which included the use of visual aids. This new integrated model provides an example for other healthcare organizations to adopt and implement the program in ambulatory care settings, to better ensure the continuity of quality healthcare, especially for elderly patients and those with chronic diseases.

An Islamic Approach towards Nurturing Learners’ Morals in Institutions of Higher Learning in Uganda

This study explored an Islamic approach towards nurturing students’ moral values in institutions of higher learning in Uganda. The purpose of this study was to highlight the moral values that are emphasized among Muslim students at higher education institutions and the ways these moral values are nurtured in the students at this level. The study was qualitative and used phenomenological approaches. Methods of data collection included a literature review and interview of respondents knowledgeable in Islamic education to tap the tacit knowledge they have on moral development. These were selected from departments teaching Islamic Studies. Data were analyzed using the content analysis method. The study found the moral values inculcated to include prayer, respect, greeting, regulating free mixing, proper dress code, helping, cleanliness, and many more. Three major methods used to instill moral values were found. First, learning moral values through teaching various subjects in the curriculum like an introduction to Islam, integration of knowledge, and use of visual aids. Second, supporting moral development through students’ leaders and associations, guidance and counseling, da’awa work, and disciplinary committee. Third, through a practical method of role modeling, and practicing moral values.