Use Of Visual Aids Research Articles

"I Think Parents Shouldn't Be Too Pushy": A Qualitative Exploration of Parent and Youth Perspectives of Youth Decision-Making Involvement in Starting Continuous Glucose Monitoring.

The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore parent and youth perspectives of the decision-making process to start continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). Youth with type 1 diabetes and their parents were assessed with semistructured interviews before adding CGM to their regimen and 2 months after device initiation. Interviews focused on parent, youth, and provider decision-making roles and suggestions for enhancing youth decision-making involvement (DMI). Data were coded and analyzed using thematic analysis. Youth (N = 41; 13.7 ± 2.9 years) were categorized into decision-making roles: (1) youth primary decision maker (54.8%), (2) youth primary decision maker with parental influence (14.3%), (3) parent primary decision maker with youth agreement (26.2%), and (4) parent primary decision maker without youth agreement (4.8%). Participants described that clinicians provided information, recommended CGM, and gave support. Recommendations to enhance youth DMI included that youth should ask questions, express opinions, and do their own research. Providers should give unbiased information and use visual aids (eg, show the device and videos) to engage youth. Participants agreed that whereas youth should have a primary role in the decision about CGM, parental and provider support is critical. Parents and providers can facilitate dialogue by directly engaging with youth about their thoughts, feelings, and concerns. Provider use of visual aids may enhance youth engagement and expectations.

Trainers’ pedagogical competencies and trainees’ assimilation of training content

PurposeTraining cannot be effective if trainers are not pedagogically competent. However, the influence of trainers’ pedagogical competencies on employees’ knowledge and skill acquisition during training is not given the needed attention in the training literature. This study aims to examine the influence of trainers’ pedagogical competencies such as delivery, trainees’ involvement, use of visual aids and body language on trainees’ assimilation of training content.Design/methodology/approachThe data are analyzed from 425 respondents in an online survey. This study uses structural equation modeling in testing the hypotheses following validity and reliability tests.FindingsThis study finds that trainers’ pedagogical competencies such as trainee involvement and body language have a significant influence on trainees’ assimilation of training content, but others such as the trainers’ delivery and use of visual aids do not have a significant influence on assimilation of training content.Practical implicationsProfessionals responsible for training should endeavor to use trainers who have been proven to be pedagogically competent, especially involving trainees during training and use of body language and not just experts in the topics/areas they provide training. Trainers themselves should on their part do well to acquire pedagogical skills in addition to the content knowledge they possess to enhance their training effectiveness particularly, trainees’ assimilation of training content.Originality/valueAs a phenomenon rarely given attention, this study urges learning and development researchers and practitioners as well as human resource management professionals to give attention to the pedagogical competencies of trainers during training and trainees’ learning.

Compliance of spectacle wear among adolescents in a tertiary care hospital

Context: Unaddressed refractive errors account for a large proportion of ocular morbidities among adolescents and can hamper their overall development. Hence, compliance with the use of visual aids should be ensured. Aim: To evaluate the degree of spectacle compliance and to assess the principle determinants for non-compliance among adolescents in a tertiary care hospital. Settings and Design: Hospital based, prospective observational study. Methods and Material: A prospective observational study was conducted over 2 years. 365 adolescents (10-19 years) attending ophthalmology OPD were observed and interviewed using questionnaire and possible causes associated with non-compliance identified. Results: Out of 365 adolescents, 190 (52.05 %) were females and 175 (47.95 %) males. Overall compliance rate was 47.12 %. Compliance was more with urban residence (p value 0.014), father’s education (p value 0.022), myopia (p value 0.001) and poor uncorrected visual acuity in better eye (p value 0.0015). The common causes for not wearing spectacles were peer pressure (17.62 %), parental disapproval (15.03 %), broken spectacles (13.47 %), dislike spectacles (11.92%), social stigma/misconceptions (10.87%), occasional use (8.81 %), forgetfulness (7.25 %), lost spectacles (6.22%), headache due to spectacles (5.18 %) and discomfort due to spectacles (3.63 %). Conclusion: Proper counselling of adolescents and their parents regarding importance of using spectacles is essential at the time of prescribing spectacles and it can improve spectacle compliance and visual outcome.

VISUAL AIDS FOR TEACHING ENGLISH TO STUDENTS WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER

English is a language that is used by people around the world. Hence, it is necessary for everyone to learn it, including the students with special needs. This study aims to review the use of visual aids in teaching English for students with special needs, especially Autism Spectrum Disorder. The study is a library study that focuses on collecting theoretical and empirical studies about the use of visual aids in teaching students with ASD. Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurological disorder that affects the function of the human brain. Visual aids are the tools or devices that are shown by the teacher in the classroom to help students understanding the learning materials. The study finds that the use of visual aids is effective for teaching English to students with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Therefore, teachers should consider using visual aids in teaching autistic students. This study is expected to give insightful information in educational fields.

Development and validation of the suicidal behaviours questionnaire - autism spectrum conditions in a community sample of autistic, possibly autistic and non-autistic adults

BackgroundAutistic people and those with high autistic traits are at high risk of experiencing suicidality. Yet, there are no suicidality assessment tools developed or validated for these groups.MethodsA widely used and validated suicidality assessment tool developed for the general population (SBQ-R), was adapted using feedback from autistic adults, to create the Suicidal Behaviours Questionnaire—Autism Spectrum Conditions (SBQ-ASC). The adapted tool was refined through nine interviews, and an online survey with 251 autistic adults, to establish clarity and relevance of the items. Subsequently, 308 autistic, 113 possibly autistic, and 268 non-autistic adults completed the adapted tool online, alongside self-report measures of autistic traits (AQ), camouflaging autistic traits (CAT-Q), depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (ASA-A), thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness (INQ-15), lifetime non-suicidal self-injury, and the original version of the suicidality assessment tool (SBQ-R). Analyses explored the appropriateness and measurement properties of the adapted tool between the groups.ResultsThere was evidence in support of content validity, structural validity, internal consistency, convergent and divergent validity, test–retest validity, sensitivity and specificity (for distinguishing those with or without lifetime experience of suicide attempt), and hypothesis testing of the adapted tool (SBQ-ASC) in each group. The structure of the SBQ-ASC was equivalent between autistic and possibly autistic adults, regardless of gender, or use of visual aids to help quantify abstract rating scales.LimitationsThe samples involved in the development and validation of the adapted tool were largely female, and largely diagnosed as autistic in adulthood, which limits the generalisability of results to the wider autistic population. The SBQ-ASC has been developed for use in research and is not recommended to assess risk of future suicide attempts and/or self-harm. The SBQ-ASC has been designed with and for autistic and possibly autistic adults, and is not appropriate to compare to non-autistic adults given measurement differences between these groups.ConclusionsThe SBQ-ASC is a brief self-report suicidality assessment tool, developed and validated with and for autistic adults, without co-occurring intellectual disability. The SBQ-ASC is appropriate for use in research to identify suicidal thoughts and behaviours in autistic and possibly autistic people, and model associations with risk and protective factors.

THE USE OF VISUAL TECHNOLOGIES OF EDUCATION IN ECOLOGICAL EDUCATION OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN AS A PEDAGOGICAL PROBLEM

The use of visual aids in the process of environmental education of preschool children is a factor of high efficiency, as they help the learner to master the learning material and then retain it in their memory and consciousness for a long time, the basis of the visual process, education the physiological mechanisms of the information presented in the form of visual images that are perceived by the recipient through vision are highlighted.

Use of visual aids in improving consent in maxillofacial surgery: A novel technique

Use of visual aids in improving consent in maxillofacial surgery: A novel technique

PRO58 Beyond Color Blindness: The Patient and Societal IMPACT of Photoaversion and Vision Loss Associated with Achromatopsia

This review aimed to identify the burden of achromatopsia, a rare inherited retinal condition associated with loss of cone function and consequent visual impairment. Literature databases (MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Reviews) were searched for articles describing the clinical, humanistic, or economic burden of achromatopsia in the US, Japan, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the UK, published in English between 2014 and 2019. This was supplemented by web searches of clinical and patient organizations and a review of references from identified articles. The literature search identified 2 qualitative studies of humanistic burden and 12 studies of clinical burden. The estimated incidence of achromatopsia is approximately 1:30,000 worldwide. A survey of affected families reported frequent diagnostic delays and misdiagnosis. Achromatopsia is characterized by reduced visual acuity, nystagmus, debilitating photoaversion, and loss of color discrimination. A survey of people with achromatopsia found that reduced visual acuity and photoaversion were the symptoms patients would most like to improve, implying the greatest impact on quality of life. Color vision was only selected by a small proportion of patients. Qualitative studies and patient testimonies describe a lifelong negative impact of the condition on education, employment opportunities, the ability to carry out daily activities and to travel; testimonies highlighted the burden on parental caregivers. However, the lack of qualitative studies of the impact of achromatopsia on patients’ quality of life and on society make it difficult to quantify the disease burden. No clinical guidelines were identified. With no treatment currently available, use of visual aids and adaptations is described as supportive care. Current literature describes a significant impact of achromatopsia on those affected; evidence of underdiagnosis suggests the societal burden may be more extensive than is recognized. Further studies are required to understand and quantify the economic and humanistic burden more fully.

The Use of Visual Aids as Multimodal Teaching Media to Enhance Students’ Skill of Writing

Multimodal teaching media is necessary to be used in this digital era since text can appear in various forms and do not have to always be in writing consisting of rows of letters or characters. Teachers are expected to use such modes that can help them build an active, effective, and interactive learning process. This research was conducted because of the problems faced by students in writing descriptive text and the class situation during the learning process. The use of visual aids as the multimodal teaching media used by the teacher is expected can solve those problems. Therefore, this research aims at (1) improving the students’ skill of writing descriptive text using visual aids; and (2) describing the class climate when visual aids are implemented in teaching writing descriptive text. The method used in this research is classroom action research. In this research, the researcher uses qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques. This research used students’ writing scores (pre-test and post-test) as quantitative data. The qualitative data were analyzed using assembling the data, coding the data, comparing the data, building interpretation and reporting the outcomes. The quantitative data were analyzed by the result of the test (the comparison of mean score of pre-test and post-test). The research findings show that: the use of visual aids improves the students’ writing skill and the use of visual aids has a good impact on the class climate. Visual media changes the class condition to become more exciting and conducive; the students also become more active and interactive during the learning process.

Methods for Conducting Stated Preference Research with Children and Adolescents in Health: A Scoping Review of the Application of Discrete Choice Experiments.

Discrete choice experiments (DCEs) are a common method used to describe and quantitatively assess preferences in health applications. Increasingly, DCEs have been used to elicit preferences from children and adolescents and generate evidence to inform policies affecting this population. The aim of this review was to summarize and describe the application of DCEs conducted with children and adolescents and describe author-reported age-specific considerations in design, implementation, and analysis. A scoping review was conducted using a 'pearl-growing' technique whereby the reference lists of existing systematic reviews of DCEs were used to identify potential studies conducted with children or adolescents as respondents published between 1990 and 2017. This list was supplemented with an updated electronic search using the same strategy as the initial reviews to identify studies from 2017 to 2020. Of 480 studies identified, 19 were included; topics included vaccines (32%), drugs/medical devices (26%), treatment or health promotion interventions/programs (21%), warning labels on cigarettes/nicotine products (10%), and preferences for physical activity and healthy food choices (10%). The youngest reported age for independent DCE completion was 8 years. Approaches to assessing validity and reliability of choices were consistent with best practices for the conduct of DCEs. Reported age-specific considerations included use of visual aids, age-appropriate language, reducing task complexity and cognitive burden, and exploration of interpretation of willingness-to-pay. The number of DCEs conducted with children and adolescents has increased in recent years. Detailed explanation of why reported age-specific considerations were necessary, how they could be used to interpret results, or to understand the appropriateness of this methodology for different age groups was limited. Despite a recognition of the need for special consideration when conducting DCEs in this population, the unique issues in the context of age-specific considerations are largely unexplored, and further research is required. Moving forward, stated preference research conducted with children and adolescents should report in more detail methods of recruitment, results of validity assessments, and provide specific reflection on the extent to which modeled results are consistent with expectations and underlying theory.

Exploratory Action Research: Teaching EFL Vocabulary to Deaf Students through the Use of Visual Aids

In Chile, the 2015 Decree 83 from the Ministry of Education demands curriculum adaptations to ensure that students with special learning needs fully develop their skills by being included into the mainstream classroom. However, little information can be found regarding deaf and hard of hearing (D/HH) students in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms. Therefore, this qualitative Exploratory Action Research (EAR) aims to explore the contribution of using visual aids in the EFL classroom for teaching written vocabulary to five D/HH students from a public school in Chile. Two multitask tests were conducted before and after the intervention to assess the performance of the students on recalling vocabulary, and a semi structured interview was carried out to identify the students’ perspectives regarding visual aids and EFL learning. While the performance test showed inconclusive results, the students’ perspectives on the use of visual aids were positive. These findings are relevant to provide insights into the challenges these students face and the importance of Sign Language and visual aids to create an effective environment for inclusive teaching practices.

How to hold an effective NICU family meeting: capturing parent perspectives to build a more robust framework.

ObjectiveTo record the content and parental perceptions of family meetings in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) to improve existing frameworks for facilitating these meetings.Study designA prospective, mixed-methods study. NICU family meetings were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed by an iteratively derived coding framework until thematic saturation. We used descriptive statistics of parental post-meeting assessments.ResultsQualitative analysis of 21 meetings identified both Communication Facilitators and Barriers. Facilitators included use of visual-aids and participation of social workers to clarify information for parents. Barriers included staff rarely eliciting parental comprehension (3 meetings) or concerns (5) before providing new information, resulting in 39% of parents reporting they didn’t ask questions they wanted to ask. In 33% of meetings an important participant was absent.ConclusionsThis novel qualitative and quantitative dataset of NICU family meetings highlights areas for improving communication. Attention to these components may improve parental perceptions of family meetings.

The impact of inducing troubleshooting strategies via visual aids on performance in a computerized digital network task

SummaryTroubleshooting is a particular problem‐solving process comprising error detection, fault diagnosis, and system restoration. Since automation of systems has become increasingly complex and ubiquitous, troubleshooting skills are crucial to maintain safety and security in a variety of contexts. The planned study aims at examining troubleshooting strategies and how to induce them by means of simple visual aids and concise instructions. To this end, a computerized task consisting of network troubleshooting problems will be employed in an experimental study with repeated measures. Indicators of strategy use and performance will be tested for their relation to availability and differential use of visual aids, to cognitive styles that affect how individuals deal with challenges or system information, and to cognitive processes that are involved in metacognition and executive function. The planned research is expected to help gain insights into the cognitive determinants of troubleshooting, reverse engineering, and their links to computational thinking.

Perceptions of \u2018Precision\u2019 and \u2018Personalised\u2019 Medicine in Singapore and Associated Ethical Issues

Governments are investing in precision medicine (PM) with the aim of improving healthcare through the use of genomic analyses and data analytics to develop tailored treatment approaches for individual patients. The success of PM is contingent upon clear public communications that engender trust and secure the social licence to collect and share large population-wide data sets because specific consent for each data re-use is impractical. Variation in the terminology used by different programmes used to describe PM may hinder clear communication and threaten trust. Language is used to create common understanding and expectations regarding precision medicine between researchers, clinicians and the volunteers. There is a need to better understand public interpretations of PM-related terminology. This paper reports on a qualitative study involving 24 focus group participants in the multi-lingual context of Singapore. The study explored how Singaporeans interpret and understand the terms ‘precision medicine’ and ‘personalised medicine’, and which term they felt more aptly communicates the concept and goals of PM. Results suggest that participants were unable to readily link the terms with this area of medicine and initially displayed preferences for the more familiar term of ‘personalised’. The use of visual aids to convey key concepts resonated with participants, some of whom then indicated preferences for the term ‘precision’ as being a more accurate description of PM research. These aids helped to facilitate dialogue around the ethical and social value, as well as the risks, of PM. Implications for programme developers and policy makers are discussed.

Alisher Navoiy oshiqona gʻazallarining badiiy qurilishiga oid oʻziga xosliklar

The article reveals the peculiarities of the artistic structure of Alisher Navoi's romantic ghazals based on the analysis. It deals with the great poet's skill in the use of visual aids and rhyming techniques related to word repetition. Navoi, aware of the question-and-answer style in the ghazals of his great predecessors such as Hafiz and Lutfi, raised the traditional question-and-answer session between the lover and the lover in the ghazal "Jong'a chun dermen..." It is defined as the artistic discovery of peculiarities, such as the beginning, the course of events, rising actions, climax, and the conclusion. The artistic skills of the great poet in the use of the art of tardi’aks are analyzed, and the analysis of the formation of a unique semantic-compositional structure of romantic poems with the help of such pictorial means based on word repetition is revealed. The analysis also reveals the peculiarities of the musajja ghazals based on the poet's ghazal verses, the influence of the rhyme and internal radifs on the artistic structure of the ghazal, and the fact that Navoi's musajja ghazals were written not only in the hazaj, but also in the rajaz and ramal.

Teaching and Learning Literature Through the Use of ICTS : The Case of Master 1 Students at Chlef University

A big deal of change is adopted in the pedagogy of English language teaching (E.L.T) has become more crucial than ever . New possibilities have started by the new Information andCommunication Technologies (ICTs) in the classroom. This paper aims to inves tigate to whatextent the use of visual aids can be a motivational tool in enhancing students’ interest in readingliterary texts in order to improve their motivation and language skills. To achieve the aim of the study, the mixed-method approach was used to collect the required data. Both of observation and questionnaire were utilized as research instruments. The analysis of the data indicated that the majority of students had positive perceptions of the use of visual aids to read literary texts. Also, findings from observation by the researcher revealed the use of visual aids during the lecture was effective. The study concludes that the use of visual aids enables the students to engage closely with literary texts. Although the students had positive attitudes towards the use of visual aids, the studysuggests that it will be more interesting and precise if it includes teachers’ perceptions as well.

Perceived Barriers, Enablers, and Modifications to Tests Assessing Pediatric Lower Limb Neurological Impairment: An International Delphi Survey.

Accurate, clinically meaningful outcome measures that are responsive to change are essential for selecting interventions and assessing their effects. Little guidance exists on the selection and administration of neurological impairment tests in children with a neurological condition. Clinicians therefore frequently modify adult assessments for use in children, yet the literature is inconsistent. This study aims to establish consensus on neurological conditions most likely to require neurological impairment test in pediatrics and the barriers, enablers, and modifications perceived to enhance test reliability. Over a 2-round modified Delphi study, a panel of experts (n=24) identified neurological conditions perceived to typically require pediatric neurological testing and the modifications to address barriers/enablers to testing. Experts comprised physical therapists with evidence of advanced training or research in pediatrics. Using a 6-point Likert scale (6=strongly agree, 5=agree, 4=somewhat agree, 3=somewhat disagree, 2=disagree, 1=strongly disagree), experts rated statements from existing literature. Thematic analyses were conducted on responses to open-ended questions. A priori consensus was pre-set at 65% agreement/disagreement. Median, mode, and interquartile ranges estimated perceived importance. Cessation was pre-determined by non-consensus items <10% and panel fatigue. Experts reached consensus on 107/112 (96%) items, including identifying 25/26 (96%) neurological conditions they perceived to require routine neurological testing. Experts strongly agreed with high importance that appropriately trained, experienced therapists are less variable when testing children. Communication modifications were perceived as most important. High levels of consensus support the use of lower limb neurological testing in a range of pediatric neurological conditions. Trained clinicians should document modifications such as visual aid use. Using recommended modifications could encourage consistency among clinicians. This is the first study to our knowledge to identify the barriers and enablers to pediatric neurological testing. Barriers and enablers were partially addressed through suggested modifications. Further rigorous examination of these modifications is required to support their use. This study supports that clinicians should adapt their communication for children and young people with neurological problems to include visual aids and equipment demonstration.

Humanitarian knowledge in the age of digitization: challenges and results

This article is devoted to the challenges faced by humanities education in the age of global digitization. A precondition of the research is the antinomicity of the concepts of humanitarian knowledge and digitalization. The research objective is to confirm the significance of humanitarian knowledge in formation of conceptual thinking as a basic skill of intelligent activity in modern world. The research applied comparative analytical method, on the basis of which the features of formation of conceptual thinking in modern school and university were considered, the significance of humanitarian knowledge was substantiated as a basis of formation of conceptual thinking, as axiological basis of personal and civil education of students, formation of social intellect, patriotism, civil and personal responsibility. The features of the use of visual aids are analyzed as deforming method upon formation of conceptual thinking of modern students in the age of total digitization, as well as the experience of distance learning in humanities under the pandemic conditions. It is concluded that the humanitarian knowledge is the most important resource in formation of conceptual thinking as a basic component of intelligent development, socialization and fostering of civil and personal self-consciousness of students in higher school.

Forming technological competence using visual tools in technology lessons

The article reveals the concept of “technological competence ”, the possibility of the formation of technological competencies of students using visual aids. The types and significance of the use of visual aids in technology lessons are presented.

Psychological Peculiarities of the Development of Junior Students’ Voluntary Attention in the Process of Teaching English at Secondary School

The purpose of this article is to study micro-age properties of stability and concentration of the 1 grade students’ voluntary attention at secondary school, to determine the levels of their development, interrelation of attention with junior schoolchildren’s thinking, as well as psychological and pedagogical conditions for activating junior students’ voluntary attention to increase the efficiency in learning English.Methods of the research. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: empirical method, psychological and pedagogical experiment, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling, generalization. The results of the research. The following new thesis has been elaborated: interconnections between the identified properties of voluntary attention (stability and concentration) thinking and junior students’ academic success in learning English determine their positive interactions in the process of speech development; it is also proved that properties of voluntary attention influence students’ individual psychological peculiarities (anxiety, communication, self-assessment, temperament properties) and vice vesa – individual characteristic features of students may have their impact on the main properties (stability and concentration) of voluntary attention. Use of visual aids at the English language classes directly influence the mechanisms of formation of junior students’ voluntary attention as well as their individual psychological peculiarities therefore contributing to development of young learners’ speech and communicative skills. A new conceptual model of development of young learners’ voluntary attention has been created, which takes into account its typical individual characteristic features (the degree of concentration on a particular task, the level of distribution of attention in the process of describing objects using collage visual aids). A new technology on the basis of English language exercises directed towards psychotherapeutic influence on the development of children’s basic properties of voluntary attention in their connection with thinking was created. Criteria, indicators and a set of methods, including author’s psychological training activity, are presented to diagnose development of main properties of 6–8-year-old students’ voluntary attention. It was proved that effectively used visual aids in the educational process have a great impact on the development of young learners’ monologue speech, reduce the level of their anxiety, improve communicative skills, motivate schoolchildren to be active, develop their interests and finally increase their self-esteem. Conclusions. Criterion-oriented diagnostics in the research helps identify the actual data within these age categories that characterizes five different levels of development of stability and concentration of voluntary attention in comparison with the level that characterizes optimally realized age potential of this category of young learners. In the experimental research a large amount of factual data is obtained and systematized, having characterized individual and individual-typical peculiarities of stability and concentration as the properties of voluntary attention in typical learning conditions, which can be taken into account when organizing psychological and pedagogical service at primary school. Purposeful and systematic formation of 6-8-year-old schoolchildren’s self-control actions may be realized if teacher is aimed towards not only the development of voluntary attention, but also implements the technology of forming mental actions, applies the individual pedagogical approach in teaching junior students, using diagnostic data in its dynamics on the basis of early correction of applied learning technology.