Use Of Probiotics Research Articles

The objective of this study was to perform a preliminary in vitro characterization of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BG112, assessing its safety and technological features for potential application as a culture starter for an industrial fermented dry meat product. In vitro assays assessed its viability, probiotic properties, and safety for use in food formulations. The strain was characterized through morphological and biochemical tests, carbohydrate fermentation profiling, and various in vitro assays based on FAO/WHO criteria for probiotic selection. These included proteolytic activity, auto-aggregation capacity, tolerance to simulated gastric juice and bile salts, antimicrobial activity, and resistance to sodium chloride, nitrite, and low pH. Safety evaluations were also performed by testing antibiotic susceptibility, hemolytic activity, and DNAse production. The results showed that L. plantarum BG112 exhibited strong tolerance to adverse environmental conditions typically found during sausage fermentation and ripening, along with significant inhibitory activity against pathogenic bacteria, such as Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Staphylococcus aureus. The strain also demonstrated no hemolytic or DNAse activity and presented a favorable antibiotic sensitivity profile, meeting key safety requirements for probiotic use. Further studies using meat matrices and in vivo models are needed to validate these findings. This study contributes to the early-stage selection of safe and technologically suitable strains for use in fermented meat products. These findings support the potential application of L. plantarum BG112 as a safe and effective starter culture in the development of high-value, premium fermented meat products, aligned with current consumer demand for health-enhancing and natural foods.

BackgroundThe human gut microbiome—a dynamic ecosystem of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and archaea—is integral to digestion, immune modulation, metabolism, and systemic health. Its composition is shaped by perinatal factors, genetics, environment, diet, physical activity, and probiotic interventions. Modulating the microbiome through lifestyle and nutritional strategies offers potential for disease prevention and enhanced athletic performance. AimThis review synthesizes current evidence on factors influencing gut microbiota composition across the lifespan, the systemic impacts of dysbiosis, and the roles of diet, physical activity, and probiotics—particularly in athletic populations—in fostering a health-promoting microbiome. Material and MethodsA narrative review was conducted using peer-reviewed studies, meta-analyses, and clinical trials sourced from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Topics included microbiome development, lifestyle and dietary influences, exercise-related microbiome adaptations, and probiotic applications. ResultsPerinatal factors such as delivery mode, breastfeeding, and antibiotics shape early microbiota with long-term health effects. Diet is a primary modulator: fiber- and polyphenol-rich diets enhance microbial diversity, whereas high-protein, low-fiber diets may impair gut health in athletes. Physical activity modifies microbiota structure and function; regular exercise promotes beneficial SCFA-producing taxa, strengthens gut barrier integrity, and supports immune and neurocognitive health. Probiotic supplementation improves gastrointestinal and dermatological conditions, modulates inflammation, and enhances athletic recovery and resilience. ConclusionsThe gut microbiome is a key determinant of systemic health. Targeted diet, structured physical activity, and personalized probiotic use can optimize microbiota function. In athletes, integrating microbiome profiling with individualized nutrition may enhance performance and recovery.

The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining the body's homeostasis, and its imbalance—referred to as dysbiosis—is increasingly associated with the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including rheumatic disorders. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the complex interactions between the gut microbiota and the immune system, which may influence the development and progression of conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) The aim of this paper is to analyze the current state of knowledge regarding the relationship between the gut microbiota and rheumatic diseases, with particular emphasis on the immunological mechanisms involved. The work presents examples of alterations in gut microbial composition in patients with selected rheumatic conditions and explores the possible consequences of these changes for immune system function. Furthermore, the paper discusses potential therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating the gut microbiota, including the use of probiotics, prebiotics, dietary interventions, and the innovative approach of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). By reviewing available studies, the paper evaluates the efficacy and safety of these methods and outlines directions for future research in the context of microbiota-targeted therapies as supportive treatment options for rheumatic diseases.

The article covers the main stages of intestinal microbiota (MB) research from ancient to modern times and addresses the features of the interaction between intestinal MB and renal diseases, the gut-kidney axis. It is believed that for the first time, MB was mentioned in one of the treatises of Ayurveda, “Caraka-Samhitā” (700–100 BC), and the first use of probiotics was mentioned in Ancient China (1000 BC). In the 1670s, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, using an advanced microscope, described protozoa and bacteria, including intestinal MB. Later, in parallel with the discoveries of Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch, intestinal MB was a subject for research, with studies by Theodor Escherich, Henri Tissier, and our compatriots S.N. Vinogradsky and I.I. Mechnikov playing an important role. The next stage in the study of intestinal MB dates back to 1994 with the beginning of the use of 16s rRNA sequencing, metascience, and the organization of global projects for the MB study, the Human Microbiome Project and METAgenomics of the Human Intestinal Tract, the purpose of which is to study its composition and interaction with the body. An example of such an interaction is the gut-kidney axis, which reflects the metabolic relationship of the kidneys and intestinal MB. Within the context of this axis, the potential therapeutic possibilities of pro-, prebiotics and synbiotics in kidney diseases are investigated. However, despite advances in the field, further research is needed to develop of the most optimal strategy for correcting microbiota disorders, including in chronic kidney diseases.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is considered a key causative agent of gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer, affecting more than half of the world's population. The eradication rate of antibiotic therapy gradually decreases due to the increased risk of resistance. Recent studies have shown that probiotics have good potential in the treatment of H. pylori infection. Several studies involving both human and animal models have demonstrated that probiotic interventions can inhibit H. pylori growth, attenuate H. pylori-induced gastritis, and enhance the eradication rate of antibiotics while reducing side effects. However, there remains some debate regarding the effective benefits of probiotics. The recently published reviews have not systematically elaborated on the differences in outcomes resulting from the use of probiotics of various types and doses, or the combination of probiotics with medications. They have primarily focused on animal studies, without addressing the heterogeneity of results observed in clinical research and the underlying mechanisms, thus failing to provide more high-quality evidence. This review aims to discuss the mechanisms of H. pylori infection in humans, the effects of probiotics in treating H. pylori infection, and the pathways and molecular mechanisms by which probiotics inhibit H. pylori. Future challenges include identifying effective strains, determining optimal doses and treatment durations, standardizing experimental protocols, considering individual variability, and further elucidating the specific molecular mechanisms and long-term impacts of probiotic therapy in H. pylori infection.

The demand and need for catfish is increasing along with the growth of the Indonesian population, thus requiring greater catfish production. In addition, most of the brackish water areas in Indonesia have not been optimized for freshwater fish farming. Water salinity of 4 ppt plays a role in increasing fish growth, so when combined with the use of probiotics it has the potential to optimize catfish growth. This prompted a study on the Barokah herb, a herbal probiotic developed by the Mina Rukun fish group in Gunungkidul, which was combined with a water salinity of 4 parts per thousand (ppt) for more optimal rearing of Sangkuriang catfish. This study used a Completely Randomized Design with four treatment groups: control (K), salinity 4 ppt (S), herbal probiotics Barokah Herb with a dose of 30 mL/kg feed (P), and a combination of Barokah herb and salinity (PS). Each pond contained 375 catfish as replications with a stocking density of 250 fish/m3. Data analysis was carried out using the ANOVA Test and the Tukey HSD Test as a post hoc test. The results showed that the combination of Barokah herb with a dose of 30 mL/kg feed and salinity of 4 ppt gave the best effect on the growth of Sangkuriang catfish, feed conversion ratio (FCR) of 1.001 and specific growth ratio (SGR) of 1.021. Histo-morphologically, the combination of Barokah Herb and 4 ppt salinity showed an increase in the dimensions of the villi, crypts, and tunica mucosa in the intestine and increased the dimensions skeletal muscle fascicles of the Sangkuriang catfish. This is related to the environment that is isoosmotic to the catfish's body and also the improvement of the catfish's digestive system. Keywords: catfish growth, histo-morphology, barokah herb, salinity ABSTRAK Permintaan dan kebutuhan lele semakin meningkat seiring dengan pertumbuhan penduduk Indonesia, sehingga membutuhkan produksi lele yang lebih besar. Selain itu, sebagian besar wilayah perairan payau di Indonesia belum dioptimalkan untuk budidaya ikan air tawar. Salinitas air 4 ppt berperan dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan ikan, sehingga ketika dikombinasikan dengan probiotik, berpotensi menjadikan pertumbuhan lele lebih optimal. Hal ini mendorong dilakukannya penelitian tentang probiotik herbal Ramuan Barokah yang dikembangkan oleh kelompok ikan Mina Rukun Gunungkidul yang dikombinasikan dengan salinitas air 4 part per thousand (ppt) agar pemeliharaan ikan lele Sangkuriang lebih optimal. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan empat kelompok perlakuan yaitu kontrol (K), salinitas 4 ppt (S), probiotik herbal Ramuan Barokah dengan dosis 30 mL/kg pakan (P), dan kombinasi probiotik hebal dan salinitas (PS). Setiap kolam diisi 375 ekor ikan lele sebagai ulangan dengan padat tebar 250 ekor/m3. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan Uji ANOVA dan Uji Tukey HSD sebagai uji post hoc. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi Ramuan Barokah dengan dosis 30 mL/kg pakan dan salinitas 4 ppt memberikan pengaruh terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan ikan lele Sangkuriang, rasio konversi pakan (FCR) sebesar 1,001 dan rasio pertumbuhan spesifik (SGR) sebesar 1,021. Secara histomorfologi, kombinasi Ramuan Barokah dan salinitas 4 ppt menunjukkan adanya peningkatan dimensi vili, kripta, dan tunika mukosa pada usus serta peningkatan dimensi fasikulus otot rangka ikan lele Sangkuriang. Hal ini berkaitan dengan lingkungan yang isoosmotik terhadap tubuh ikan lele dan juga perbaikan sistem pencernaan lele. Kata kunci: histo-morfologi, pertumbuhan lele, ramuan barokah, salinitas

Bacillus licheniformis and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum are facultative anaerobes and gram-positive bacteria. They are commonly included in probiotic preparations and are administered orally in clinical practice to promote a balanced gut microbiota. An 85-year-old man with irritable bowel syndrome and reflux esophagitis underwent distal pancreatectomy and was administered oral probiotics. Blood culture was positive for B. licheniformis and L. plantarum. We conducted whole-genome sequencing for homology analysis and pathogenicity prediction of the strains isolated from the patient's blood culture and oral probiotics. The initial diagnosis was bacterial entry into the bloodstream resulting from the consumption of B. licheniformis and L. plantarum probiotic preparations. The patient was treated with discontinuation of oral probiotics and timely administration of antibiotics. Follow-up blood culture results after treatment were negative. Probiotics are generally considered relatively safe but should be preceded by risk screening in vulnerable populations. Whole-genome sequencing revealed the potential risks of probiotic use through homology analysis and prediction of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance.

Background: Recent evidence suggests that the gut microbiota can influence host metabolism, immunity, and tissue repair—processes critical for exercise performance and recovery.Objective: To synthesise human research examining whether modulation of the gut microbiota—via probiotics, prebiotics, diet, or training—affects physical capacity and post-exercise recovery.Methods: A systematic search of PubMed and Scopus (until May 2025) identified peer-reviewed human studies involving gut-directed interventions or athlete comparisons reporting on physical performance, fatigue, immune response, or gut integrity. Thirty-five studies met inclusion criteria and were narratively analysed.Results: Regular endurance or mixed training increased microbial diversity, SCFA-producing taxa, and gut-barrier integrity, while excessive loads reduced diversity and increased permeability. Multi-strain probiotic or synbiotic supplementation (≥10¹⁰ CFU/day, ≥4 weeks) improved endurance, reduced muscle-damage markers, and lowered illness incidence during intense training. Fibre-rich diets enhanced beneficial taxa and reduced inflammation.Conclusions: Modulating the gut microbiota is a promising adjunct to training and nutrition strategies. Periodised probiotic use, sustained fibre intake, and personalised gut-health monitoring may optimise performance and recovery. Further well-designed, long-term trials are needed to clarify causality and refine recommendations.

To feed piglets during the weaning period is critical in swine production farming. Probiotics could be alternative to antibiotics to reduce suckling stress and improve growth performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of supplemental feed manufactured by <i>Bacillus megaterium 2333</i>, <i>Lactobacillus casei 76</i> and their combination on the growth performance of suckling piglets. First, the endurance to harsh environment and adhesion ability were tested to evaluate the possibility of probiotic use for these two bacteria. Then, supplemental feed was manufactured by addition of chosen bacteria. Feed composition was chemically analyzed. Four groups of piglets, namely Control, <i>Bacillus megaterium </i>2333, <i>Lactobacillus casei 76</i> and their combination group were created to compare the effect. The result showed that supplemental feed manufactured by probiotic addition exerted beneficial effect on the growth performance of suckling and weaned piglets regardless of nutritional value of feed. Incidence of diarrhea and the number of pathogen such as <i>E. coli</i> and <i>Salmonella</i> were also lower in probiotic group. Especially, combination use of <i>Bacillus megaterium 2333</i> and <i>Lactobacillus casei 76</i> showed the best result of lowest feed conversion ratio. The result of present study indicated that the supplemental feed manufactured by the combination of <i>Bacillus megaterium 2333</i> and <i>Lactobacillus casei 76 </i>was beneficial to rearing piglets.

Introduction: Endometriosis is a disease characterized by the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus, causing pelvic pain, infertility, and inflammation. The microbiota, especially the intestinal and vaginal microbiota, plays a crucial role in hormonal and immune regulation, and may contribute to the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Objectives: To analyze the relationship between the intestinal microbiota and the female reproductive system and endometriosis, and to investigate the changes in the vaginal, uterine, and intestinal microbiota present in women with this disease. Methodology: An exhaustive search was carried out in scientific databases using DeCS/MeSH terms. The selected articles were in Spanish or English and published between 2014 and 2024. After evaluating their scientific quality, 30 relevant articles were analyzed. Results: The review shows significant alterations in the vaginal, uterine, and intestinal microbiota of women with endometriosis, highlighting dysbiosis characterized by the decrease of beneficial bacteria and the increase of pathogens. These alterations are associated with chronic inflammation, alterations in estrogen metabolism, and disease progression. Discussion: Microbiota analysis could be useful as a noninvasive diagnostic tool. The use of Lactobacillus, vaginal probiotics, and specific antibiotics is proposed as treatment. Conclusions: Microbiota plays a relevant role in the development of endometriosis. It is necessary to continue research and promote public health support to improve the diagnosis and treatment of the disease, which would contribute to improving the quality of life of affected women.

Backgrounds Lactiplantibacillus plantarum is a Gram-positive lactic acid bacterium known for its probiotic benefits, commonly found in fermented foods and mammalian gastrointestinal tracts. L. plantarum strain L47-2 was selected for its in vitro probiotic characteristics. Methods We investigated its antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria using the dual culture overlay method and assessed survival in a mimicked gastrointestinal tract by subjecting the bacteria to pH levels of 1.0–4.0 and bile salt concentrations of 0.1–0.5%. Adhesion to Caco-2 cells was also evaluated. Safety evaluations included phenotypic tests for antibiotic resistance and hemolytic activity, genotypic screening for virulence genes, and whole genome sequencing. Results After 4 hours, L47-2 survived well at pH 2.0 (57.0±3.6%) and 3.0 (66.3±2.5%), and maintained 35.0±3.0% survival in 0.4% bile salt. The L47-2 strain demonstrated antibacterial activity against gastrointestinal pathogens and exhibited safety as a probiotic strain. Notably, the L47-2 strain had high autoaggregation (76.3±3.2%) and coaggregation with specific pathogens ranging from 33.1 to 46.7%. Additionally, when compared to the assessed pathogens, the L47-2 strain showed the highest surface hydrophobicity, 68.4±0.4%. This strain exhibited potential adhesion to Caco-2 cells and inhibited the adhesion of all tested pathogens. It was most effective at inhibiting pathogenic bacterial strains rather than competing and displacing them. Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant positive relationships between autoaggregation and coaggregation (P=0.037), autoaggregation and adhesion to Caco-2 cells (P=0.020), and hydrophobicity and adhesion to Caco-2 cells (P=0.016). Conclusions The findings shed light on this strain’s probiotic potential and safety, as well as its already established functional capabilities, together with its potential applications as a biopreservative in the food industry and for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases.

Gout is a disease of hyperuricemia (HU) leading to monosodium urate crystal deposition in the joint, resulting in inflammation and joint damage. Recently, efforts have been made to characterize the intestinal microbiome of patients who suffer from HU and gout, and pre-clinical studies have evaluated the utility of prebiotics and probiotics in alleviating gout. Herein we review recent notable studies addressing these topics. In brief, the "gouty" microbiome is characterized by reduced diversity, an elevated Bacteroides: Firmicutes ratio, and reduced presence of Akkermansia and Bifidobacterium. In anserine models, supplementation with Lactobacillus probiotic strains appears to reduce serum urate (SU) and HU-induced inflammation. Murine models suggest that the chicory-derived prebiotic inulin may reduce SU, and oral supplementation with the anti-inflammatory short-chain fatty acid butyrate may lower SU by enhancing urate excretion and alleviate HU-induced tissue inflammation. Many of these studies are limited by modest numbers of participants and/or incompletely documented experimental controls, and, in the case of animal models, questionable reproducibility in humans. Many studies have been geographically limited. There remains a need for more information regarding the features of the "gouty" microbiome in wider populations, as well as for additional well-controlled probiotic and prebiotic studies in more physiologically relevant animal models prior to clinical trials.

Background:Chemotherapy, as one of the main treatments for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), brings clinical benefits with varying degrees of gastrointestinal reactions. Post-chemotherapy diarrhea is one of the factors affecting the quality of life of cancer patients. In severe cases, it can cause interruption of the chemotherapy process and even be life-threatening. Probiotics’ role in preventing post chemotherapy diarrhea in CRC patients has not been proven.Methods:This meta-analysis was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023480526). A comprehensive search using subject terms and keywords was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials. Six databases, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP Journals, PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science, were searched from their inception until January 16, 2024. The search terms used included “cancer,” “tumor,” “chemotherapy,” “diarrhea,” “probiotics,” and “placebo.” Clinical studies using probiotics to intervene in post chemotherapy diarrhea in CRC patients were included and data were independently extracted for each study. Meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 14 software.Results:Eighteen studies involving 1526 patients were included in this analysis. Meta-analysis demonstrated that probiotics significantly reduced the incidence of diarrhea following chemotherapy in the probiotic group compared to the control group (risk ratio, 0.51; 95% confidence interval: [0.40–0.64]; P = .029). Meanwhile, the use of probiotics significantly shortened the duration of diarrhea (risk ratio: -2.38, 95% confidence interval: [-2.96 to 1.80]). Furthermore, probiotics have been shown to positively affect other gastrointestinal symptoms. Specifically, probiotics significantly alleviated bloating, nausea/vomiting, loss of appetite, and abdominal pain. However, no significant differences were observed in the effects of probiotics on enteritis, tumor necrosis factor-α, diamine oxidase, and interleukin-6.Conclusion:The comprehensive analysis of 18 randomized controlled trials provided compelling evidence that the probiotics have significant clinical value in preventing the onset of diarrhea, shortening the duration of diarrhea, and alleviating chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal symptoms.

To describe the use of probiotics among preterm infants in neonatal units and explore factors that influence exposure. Observational study using prospectively recorded health data. England and Wales. 48 048 infants born at <32 weeks gestational age (GA) and admitted to a neonatal unit between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2022. Measures of probiotic use (number and proportion of infants exposed to probiotics, postnatal age of first probiotic exposure and discontinuation). The proportion of infants who received probiotics increased from 9% to 54% over the study period. Median GA of infants given probiotics was 29+3 weeks (IQR 27+3-30+6). Probiotics were started on median day 5 (IQR 2-8), earlier for those born at >28 weeks GA (median day 4, IQR 2-7), most frequently after enteral feeds (66% of exposed infants) and were usually discontinued between 32 and 36 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA) (47% at 32+0-33+6 weeks PMA, 33% at 34+0-35+6 weeks PMA). Among infants cared for in probiotic neonatal intensive care units (defined as units where 50% or more infants born <32 weeks gestation were exposed to probiotics), 23% were never given probiotics. Infants from whom probiotics were withheld had a lower gestational age, lower birth weight z score and higher illness severity score or were more mature. By 2022, over half of infants born at <32 weeks GA were exposed to probiotics, but almost one quarter did not receive them despite being in a probiotic unit. Our findings help inform the interpretation of observational data and the design of future studies addressing the continued uncertainty around the safety and efficacy of probiotics.

ABSTRACTRestoration efforts are urgently needed for the conservation of coral reefs. Among emerging tools, the use of probiotics has shown promise in laboratory settings for improving coral resilience, but their validation under real‐world reef conditions remains limited. Here, we present the Coral Probiotics Village (CPV) as a novel and fully operational underwater research laboratory and a testing ground designed to support the in situ testing of microbial‐based coral restoration interventions. This manuscript describes the design, establishment, and scientific validation of the CPV, including continuous environmental monitoring, a summary of previously developed pilot trials of probiotic applications, and an integration of sensor networks, AI‐assisted reef monitoring, and autonomous technologies. We propose the CPV as a scalable model for integrated coral restoration science and suggest its replication as a tool to accelerate applied reef conservation efforts globally.

Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder accompanied by chronic hyperglycemia and systemic damage to target organs, including the liver, kidneys, and cardiovascular system. One of the urgent challenges of modern experimental and clinical medicine is the search for new therapeutic agents that can complement standard approaches to the treatment and prevention of diabetes-related complications. In this context, special attention is given to the role of gut microbiota and the possibility of its targeted modulation through the use of probiotics. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of a probiotic microbial consortium (PMC), including strains of Lactobacillus parabuchneri, L. plantarum, L. acidophilus, Enterococcus faecium, and Brettanomyces bruxellensis, on the biochemical blood parameters of rats with alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus. The experiment was carried out on Wistar albino rats, which were divided into three groups: a control group, a diabetic group, and a diabetic group receiving a 21-day course of PMC after alloxan-induced diabetes modeling. The obtained results showed that alloxan administration caused persistent hyperglycemia, disturbances in protein, nitrogen, and lipid metabolism, and a significant increase in hepatic enzyme activity, reflecting the systemic nature of metabolic shifts in diabetes. Administration of the PMC contributed to a reduction in blood glucose levels, partial restoration of total protein and albumin levels, normalization of creatinine, uric acid, and urea concentrations, as well as decreased alanine and aspartate aminotransferase activity. Moreover, there was a trend towards improvement in lipid profiles, including cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels. Thus, PMC administration in the context of alloxan-induced diabetes positively affects key biochemical parameters, demonstrating moderate hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, and renoprotective effects. These findings support the advisability of using probiotics as an adjunctive therapy for correcting metabolic disturbances in diabetes mellitus. Further research is required to clarify the molecular mechanisms of PMC action and evaluate its therapeutic potential under conditions of chronic hyperglycemia.

Bacillus subtilis supplemented feeding as a method to increase IgM titers and affinity in response to fish vaccination.

This study evaluated the bioactivity and the metabolomics of Lactococcus lactis MKL-8, a probiotic bacterium that was isolated from Murraya koenigii; contributing to broadening the diverse ecological diversity of Lactococcus lactis. The primary objective of this study was to explore the multifunctionality of MKL-8 by bringing together its bioactive potential and its metabolomic profile to assess its suitability for probiotic use. Identification of probiotic strains demonstrating multifunctional therapeutic properties along with proven safety is the most significant challenge in meeting increasing demand for natural therapeutic substitutes to synthetic drugs. MKL-8 showed high antioxidant activity with 90.19% inhibition, exhibits an anti-diabetic effect with 60% inhibition of α-amylase, and anti-inflammatory activity with 99% inhibition of protein denaturation, demonstrating significant potential as a natural therapeutic agent. The strain also exhibited significantly high ability to form biofilm and synthesized a considerable amount of Exopolysaccharides (EPS). GC-MS analysis revealed bioactive metabolites which are reported in the literature to have, immunomodulatory effects, antioxidant, collagen synthesis, and wound healing properties. The presence of these compounds was further affirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy, further indicating the importance of MKL-8 as a multifunctional probiotic. This paper presents the isolation and versatile applications of MKL-8, demonstrating it is a valuable natural probiotic strain. Collectively, these findings establish MKL-8 having potential health benefits making it a promising choice for progressive probiotic applications both in the healthcare industry and the functional food sector.

The efficacy and acceptability of Lactobacillus reuteri for the treatment of depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Animal production is inextricably linked to human nutrition and health. Animal intestinal illnesses like Campylobacter, Salmonella, Listeria and Yersinia can directly lead to food contamination. As a result, innovative approaches to animal breeding are being used with the goal of producing meat that is safer and of higher quality while also taking environmental preservation and animal welfare into consideration. All together, these developments have sped up research for substitute feed additives that can achieve some of the advantageous effects of antibiotics. Alternative materials for antibiotics studied, commercially marketed and developed for use in practical utilization. The bacteria that make up the gastrointestinal microbiota vary from those that are believed to be advantageous to the host to those that could be detrimental. Feeds containing probiotics provide a ray of hope for that area of the feed industry. The information currently available regarding the effects of probiotics on animal health is required; they conclusively demonstrate how probiotics function to lower bacterial gastrointestinal pathogen populations. Worldwide interest for probiotics is rising due to customers seeking safe therapeutic and preventive health benefits as well as the introduction of promising new products to the market. Increased health consciousness among the general public and the availability of probiotics as dietary supplements are the primary drivers of the global probiotic market's expansion. The aim of this article is to discuss how probiotics and alternative chicken production techniques might enhance food safety and poultry health by reducing pathogenic organisms and increasing the yield and quality of eggs and meat.