Use Of Metaphors Research Articles

Color Symbolism in Medieval and Safavid Manuscripts and in Islamic Aesthetics: A Historical and Comparative Analysis

The inquisitive nature of mankind is always looking for ways to explore things of its interest. It is interesting to write about art, architecture and artefacts but without consulting about color; the study remains incomplete. Color symbolism in manuscripts has always been a rich source of studying diverse cultural and religious history. In the art of manuscripts, colors were not solely used to create an ideal reality but also gave meaning to the illustrations. Color symbolism is an essential part in every religious as well as secular art but the meaning and symbology may not be similar. The aim of this research paper is to draw attention to the color symbolism of Christian Medieval period and ‘Safavid’ Period manuscripts. The study provides that the metaphorical use of colors, their similarities, comparisons and expressionist style having different impacts in two diverse art works belong to mystical, religious and emerging time periods. Moreover, the paper is based on hermeneutic exploratory and descriptive research using the technique of innate expressionism.

The Sense Shaping of Taste in Composite Writing-- An Example of "Spicy" Presentation

<p>The integration of multimodal elements in contemporary writing practices has transformed the way sensory experiences are conveyed and internalized by audiences. This study illuminates the mechanisms through which composite writing shapes the sensory experience of taste, with a particular emphasis on the perception of spiciness. By examining composite writings from various media platforms, we uncover the intricate relationship between media representation and sensory perception. Our theoretical framework is anchored in the concepts of synesthesia, metaphor theory, and media studies, particularly the influential ideas of Marshall McLuhan on media extensions and human experience. The study lies in its exploration of how composite writing not only reflects but also shapes the audience's sensory experiences. We argue that the metaphorical use of spiciness in composite writing extends beyond the gustatory to encompass cultural and personal identities, challenging traditional hierarchies of sensory experience in aesthetic discourse.</p>

Greek Comedy’s Food-Related Imaginary and the Criticism of New Music

Abstract The article aims to present an analysis of lines 26–8 in Pherecr. fr. 155 K.-A., arguing that they may refer to Philoxenus of Cythera’s poetics by exploiting a simile derived from comic food-related imagery. The use of food metaphors to express literary criticism is consistent in comic drama: in particular, mentions of sophisticated dishes can either denote the self-promotion of the comedian’s art, or criticise the excess of kainotēs in other genres, such as tragedy and New Dithyramb. In Pherecrates’ fragment, Mousikē is compared to a rhaphanos, a green usually consumed in frugal meals, stuffed by Philoxenus with kampai (‘caterpillars’, but also ‘modulations’ according to the New Music’s lexicon), possibly describing the poet as an innovative chef. Parallels with other comic fragments and later accounts of Philoxenus’ fame as a glutton and cook may offer a further reading of the lines and shed new light on Greek comedy’s criticism of New Music.

Principals’ Use of Leadership Metaphors in Three Urban Junior High Schools in Taiwan

Principals utilize leadership metaphors to guide teachers in implementing educational, curriculum, and institutional/structural change. This study explores how principals employ metaphors to drive school change and presents a two-year qualitative case study of three urban junior high schools in Taiwan. During the first year, the researcher observed and participated in school meetings, collecting documents and data from the perspectives of principals, teachers, and parents. In the subsequent year, in-depth interviews were conducted with three principals. The findings demonstrate that principals who incorporate metaphors into their collective sense-making processes in leadership can facilitate social change and foster innovation in education.

“Biden’s Saigon”

Abstract This study examined the Russian state-sponsored outlet “Sputnik’s” metaphorical use in covering American withdrawal from Afghanistan to explain rhetorical devices used to disseminate discourse about Russia’s geo-political rival, the United States. Using the Metaphor Identification Procedure (MIP), the study analyzed 28 main metaphors and metaphorical expressions in “Sputnik’s” coverage during the week of the American pullout. Metaphors such as Biden’s Saigon, puppet government, or Night of the Long Knives suggest the existence of a discourse criticizing the rival and historicizing the event. The results are interpreted in light of using metaphors in the media’s conflict coverage.

Deliberate metaphor (use) in translation and interpreting

Abstract This article responds to the latest theoretical and empirical developments in Deliberate Metaphor Theory (DMT) and explores the extension of deliberate metaphor and its use in translation and interpreting. Grounded on a comprehension-based and a production-based perspective of Deliberate Metaphor Theory, I argue that both deliberate metaphor and deliberate metaphor use are valid theoretical constructs for translation and interpreting research. I then discuss some pending issues in researching deliberate metaphor (use) in translation and interpreting.

Medical metaphors in the conservation discourse: insights from critical metaphor analysis

This article explores the use of medical metaphors in conservation discourse, analysing their impact on shaping the concept of conservation through the lens of cognitive linguistics and sociology. Through analysis of 120 papers from the ICOM-CC Theory, History and Ethics Working Group, metaphors such as the conservation object is a human being and the conservator is a doctor were identified. The study reveals how these metaphors frame conservation as a beneficent act of caring for an object, akin to medical treatment. However, it also highlights limitations in explaining stakeholder involvement and community autonomy, the stages of conservation actions, and more nuanced concepts of damage. While this article does not argue against the use of medical metaphors in conservation, it aims to raise awareness of those limitations deriving from the use of complex and fluid concepts in both fields. In conclusion, this study advocates for further research to explore culture-specific features and chronological changes in the use of metaphors to promote a deeper understanding of cross-cultural and inter-generational communications in conservation.

Poetry as a means of social criticism and medium for learning literature in high school

The message of criticism can be conveyed in various ways, one of which is through the medium of poetry. As a literary work, poetry conveys a message in a series of beautiful languages, short but full of meaning, and able to touch the feelings of its readers. This research examines a poem entitled Selfish by Misnawati. In this poem, there is a social critique of the phenomenon of selfishness that occurs in modern society without leaving aesthetic value with the use of metaphors that can touch the reader's feelings. This study aims to explore the use of metaphors in poetry that convey social criticism and its implications for learning literary works. The method used in this study is a literature study with a semiotic design to identify the metaphorical meaning contained in the poem. Analysis data is in the form of words, phrases, or expressions that contain metaphors. The results of this study show that the use of metaphors in this poem was created to strengthen the message or meaning of social criticism so that it can foster social awareness, feelings of empathy, critical thinking, develop creativity, and foster the reader's sense of aesthetics. The implications of these findings can be used in literary learning in the framework of (1) fostering students' social awareness, (2) improving students' literary ability, (3) arousing student empathy, (4) developing student creativity, and (5) fostering students' critical awareness.

Action learning in higher education: reflections on facilitating AL in leadership development programmes

ABSTRACT This account of practice offers reflections and insights on facilitating Action Learning (AL) in Leadership Programmes within the Higher Education context. The account shares our reflections and key observations as practitioner academics, facilitating AL Sets within three higher education leadership programmes. We draw on our knowledge and expertise as facilitators of learning and development in the AL and leadership space. Our reflections have highlighted two key themes in our facilitation experience. First, the autonomy of learning and the significance of AL participants’ voice. Second, creating a shift from task-focus to people-focus through the use of metaphor and visualisation as a means of enquiry. This account will be of relevance to practitioner and academics engaged in leadership development and those involved in the facilitation of AL who may consider adopting AL as a part of a managerial leadership programme.

Environmental Degradation and its Metaphors in Cormac McCarthy's 'The Road’: A comparative study with other prominent Narratives

This research provides a comparative literary analysis focusing on Cormac McCarthy's "The Road" within the context of post-apocalyptic literature, emphasizing the novel's unique use of environmental degradation as a central theme. By contrasting McCarthy's work with other prominent narratives in the genre, the study explores the nuanced ways post-apocalyptic literature reflects and influences societal views on environmental issues. "The Road" is distinguished by its stark depiction of a desolate, ash-covered world and its profound exploration of survival's psychological and moral dimensions in the aftermath of an unspecified cataclysm. The analysis reveals McCarthy's subtle yet impactful use of environmental metaphors to delve into themes of hope, despair, human resilience, and the ethical dilemmas survivors face. Through this comparative approach, the research highlights McCarthy's contribution to the broader literary and cultural discourse on environmental degradation, positioning "The Road" as a pivotal work that enriches the genre by emphasizing the interplay between humanity and the natural world. The study underscores the importance of literature in fostering a deeper understanding of environmental stewardship and the urgent need for collective action in the face of ecological crises.

A Metafora pada Lirik Lagu Shinkai Karya Eve Pendekatan Teori Ullman dan Halley

This research is titled "Metaphor in Eve's Shinkai song lyrics using Ullman and Halley's theory". This research analyzes the metaphors contained in Eve's song lyrics entitled Shinkai. This research uses Ullman and Halley's metaphor theory and uses descriptive analysis method. The purpose of this study is to explain and describe the use and meaning of metaphors used by the author in the lyrics of the song he composed in this study is the lyrics again titled Shinkai. The lyrics of the song Shinkai contain metaphors that are creatively created by the songwriter and the listeners of the song try to interpret them. The result of this research is that 4 types of metaphors were found, namely anthropomorphic, abstracting, and synesthetic metaphors proposed by Ullman and terrestrial metaphors proposed by Halley. The song uses metaphors to create strong and profound imagery to describe the darkness and despair felt by the subject of the song. These metaphors help listeners to understand complex feelings through more figurative and imaginative language.

Can Pain Be Understood by Words? A Literature Review of Pain-Language Association

This review systematically explores the complicated interplay between pain and language, including nociceptive pain and empathic pain. While previous study focusing on physiological aspects of pain, this paper addressed how linguistics influence pain communication and perception. The finding reveals that language can influence bother subjective pain and the pain when we observe others. It is notable that the use of specific pain descriptors and metaphors significantly impacts individuals' pain perception and linguistic context can influence peoples nociceptive pain experience. For empathic pain, there are similar brain activations when communicating with people who are suffering from pain. Besides, there is evidence that communication and interactions can benefit painful patients and reduce pain. To conclude, this paper empathizes the vital role language plays in individuals own pain experience and feeling others pain. Future studies should aim to have standardized tools and frameworks for studying the linguistic aspect of pain, especially in the social inter-brain context, which is vital for understanding and communicating pain. Addressing the linguistic dimension of pain can help with pain assessment and management, leading to better patient care.

Embodied spatial metaphor of cultural concept from the perspective of cultural tightness–looseness: Cultural compatibility concept is closer to the body

AbstractThe body carries culture, with cultural concepts emerging from the dynamic interplay between the body and its environment. By integrating social representation theory and embodied cognition, we explored the use of embodied spatial metaphors in representing cultural tightness–looseness across three studies. In Study 1, 84 participants were randomly assigned to either a tight or loose culture group and tasked with placing cultural words within a spatial context. Participants positioned culturally compatible words closer to themselves and incompatible words farther away, illustrating the use of spatial distance metaphors to represent cultural tightness–looseness. Study 2 used an implicit task, demonstrating that people from both tight and loose cultures exhibited greater accuracy in judging culturally compatible concepts (vs. incompatible concepts) when these words were close to themselves. Study 3 unveiled distinct patterns of embodied spatial metaphors between tight and loose cultures when comparing cultural and irrelevant words. Notably, metaphors depicting nearness for culturally compatible words and farness for irrelevant words emerged exclusively in tight cultures, while such patterns were absent in loose cultures. Overall, our findings empirically support the notion that social representations are embodied, and provide embodied evidence for understanding and representing concepts related to cultural tightness–looseness.

Ontological Metaphor in Taylor Swift’s Selected Songs of Reputation Album

Metaphor is one of figurative languages mostly applied in literary works and becomes the focus of this study. The main purpose of this study is to find and analyze one type of metaphor namely ontological metaphor. The data source of this study comes from the song lyrics of Taylor Swift’s Reputation Album. Her song lyrics are picked out because they provides enough of ontology metaphorical aspect that becomes the main concern of this study. To collect the data, documentation method and note taking technique was employed. George Lakoff and Mark Johnson (1980) theory Metaphor We Live By was exploited in order to analyze the data source. The result of data is presenting by applying qualitative method, meaning that the analysis was descriptively explained in the form of words and sentences. Based on the findings of this study, in can be concluded that the use of ontological metaphor within the song lyrics is important to convey the ideas, emotions, and thoughts, and also to embellish or give a color, so it seems artistic to read and listen to.

Designing complex network visualisations using the wayfinding map metaphor

Despite their widespread use, network visualisations can be rather challenging to design and use. This is due to the fact that such visualisations are generally used to represent highly complex underlying data sets. As such, the resulting charts often include a very large number of visual elements and many non-linear relations between them that must be displayed. More effective design-oriented approaches are therefore needed to better support designers in creating network visualisations for complex data sets that are more understandable and usable for their users. The use of visual metaphors seems to offer such an approach to designing visualisations of complex data. In this article, we propose the use of wayfinding map metaphor in network diagrams to support both the designers and users of this type of data visualisation. We also provide a mapping of the three common map wayfinding tasks – orientation, exploration, and navigation – to three categories of network diagram user interactions. To demonstrate the potential of our proposed approach, we provide an example case study using a prototype network diagram visualisation tool – Colocalisation Network Explorer – which we have developed to support the exploration of relationships between various diseases and the portion of the human genome involved in their onset.

Lament and Hope: The Function and Utilization of the Metaphors in Psalm 80

In previous studies of Psalms, “metaphors” have often been seen as just ‘poetic ornaments’ rather than as essential elements for conveying messages. However, this study delves into the roles and functions of metaphors within a Psalm to emphasize its dominant theological message. Psalm 80 uses three metaphors—the shepherd, planter, and father—to express its message. These metaphors serve three main purposes. First, they intensify the Psalmist’s sense of lament by deviating from familiar expectations associated with these metaphors, such as ‘leading’, ‘caring for’, and ‘feeding’. Second, they highlight the paradox of lament and hope, as the shepherd and planter metaphors, used for lament, also convey hope for salvation and restoration. Third, the Psalmist intentionally uses these metaphors to articulate the development of Yahweh’s actions and his own self-awareness. An example of this intentional usage could be seen in the use of the father metaphor in 4th and 5th stanza. The functions and roles of these three-metaphors reveal the main theological message of Ps 80 by clarifying the identity of the speaker community as ‘son’.

Picturing the Cosmos through Legal Metaphors – חקק as a Case Study

Abstract This article examines the Hebrew Bible’s use of legal metaphors in its depiction of the material cosmos (exemplified by the use of חקק) and compares it with the same phenomena in Mesopotamian texts (exemplified by the use of kittu). This study shows that the two metaphors are of two different types: the one around חקק is »legislative«, in which the creator-legislator imposes laws on the cosmos to ensure the regularity in its working; the one around kittu is »judicial«, in which the divine judge reveals his decision over divinatory cases truthfully through cosmic phenomena.

Exploring the Impact of Metaphors on Resilience in Art Therapy Using Mixed Methods

ABSTRACT The use of metaphors in art making for individuals experiencing chronic stress or trauma can enhance their psychological resilience. This study explored the therapeutic value of metaphors in improving resilience among distressed individuals in art therapy using mixed methods. Six female university students with a history of highly stressful or traumatic events participated in a two-week online painting program, creating either metaphorical or non-metaphorical paintings. Pre and post-treatment questionnaires assessed resilience factors, including global resilience, self-awareness, self-efficacy, and communication skills. Post-treatment interviews were conducted to explore subjective changes in resilience. The interviews revealed several themes, including greater affect recognition, acceptance of life circumstances, and a more remarkable ability to redefine their lives. Although questionnaire scores showed no significant increases in resilience during the intervention, the results suggest that metaphors can facilitate resilience-building mechanisms in art therapy.

Analysis of Multimodal Metaphor and Values Representation in Children’s Picture Books

Children’s picture books, as a form of text interwoven with vision and language, carry rich cultural information and educational functions. The purpose of this article is to explore the phenomenon of multimodal metaphor in children’s picture books and reveal its influence on ideological construction. Firstly, the article compiles the research background and puts forward the research value of multimodal metaphors in children’s picture books. Then, it constructs an analytical framework for children’s picture books that integrates visual semiotics and metaphor theory, and analyzes the specific use of multimodal metaphors in children’s picture books through example analyses, including the interaction between images and words, the symbolism of colors and shapes, and the construction of metaphors in the narrative structure. These case studies reveal how children’s understanding of the world is shaped by multimodal metaphorical strategies in picture books, which in turn subconsciously convey specific values and ideologies. Future research should explore more deeply the differences of multimodal metaphors in different cultural contexts and their application strategies in children’s education, with a view to cultivating children’s critical thinking and promoting diversified development of children’s picture books.

What if Nature Fought Back? Multimodal Metaphor in Green Non-Profit/Social Advertising

Creating a conscious environment culture which highlights our commitment to protecting natural resources has been steadily increasing. The use of multimodal metaphor is a crucial rhetorical device for understanding the complexities of the global climate change crisis. More specifically the exploitation of multimodal metaphor in genres such as public awareness campaigns aims at triggering the audience’s attention. In light of this, this paper investigates the use of multimodal metaphor in green non-profit/social advertising to understand to what extent these advertisements may be effective when promoting and encouraging change in behaviour patterns concerning environmental protection and climate change. For this purpose, a corpus of 130 multimodal advertisements containing metaphors on environmental awareness has been investigated. The study uses an adaptation of previous procedures designed for the identification of verbal, visual and multimodal metaphor (Alousque, 2014; Hidalgo-Downing & O’Dowd, 2023; Pragglejaz, 2007; Šorm & Steen, 2018; Steen et al., 2010). Results confirm the effectiveness of metaphorically conceptualising environmental themes such as climate change, global warming, and pollution. Moreover, the findings show that the pragmatic effect of metaphor used by non-profit organisations aims at creating a conscious environment culture, while the majority of the metaphors suggest a mixed or negative evaluation of environmental issues. Further research will include the investigation of metonymy in these campaigns.