Use Of Information Modeling Research Articles

Ontology and collaborative data annotation for the standardisation of documentation processes of underground heritage spaces

Progress in the field of documentation and safeguarding of heritage buildings has evolved considerably since the implementation and use of information models. However, these models are being refined and particularised in an attempt to cover the full range of elements to be protected.There is one case that has not yet been sufficiently studied, namely the specific typology of underground built heritage spaces, where the procedures designed for more conventional buildings are not applicable. A lack of consensus has been detected in the standardisation of data processing, which is fundamentally since these spaces do not respond to the classification nor as a building or as an archaeological site.In addition, the morphology of these spaces, -with irregular surfaces of complex geometry-, makes the three-dimensional representation indispensable to record concise and exact documentation.This research proposes a specific methodology for processing heritage data from CIDOC-based models for underground built heritage spaces that fills the identified gap. The research also proposes solutions to the ontological problem of linking information and annotated data, establishing a methodology for performing this kind of work directly on three-dimensional models using web applications. This simplification of the procedure facilitates the reading and multidisciplinary access to the information of the agents involved in safeguarding heritage, replacing two-dimensional projections representation with the introduction of three-dimensional tools.

Interior Space Design and Modelling Methods for Smart Homes - Integrating BIM and VR Technologies

Abstract In this study, the integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Virtual Reality (VR) technologies with performance analysis software facilitates the selection of optimal indoor space layouts for settlement buildings. This is achieved through the use of information modeling and visualization tools to assess various aspects such as sunlight exposure, lighting conditions, architectural parameters, and energy consumption across different building layouts. A virtual environment was created using BIM and VR, within which the collision detection algorithm was refined using a chime-playing test scenario to enhance the quality control of 3D models. At 5000 triangular slices, the detection algorithm optimized in this study demonstrated a real-time performance that is 19 milliseconds faster than that of the comparative algorithm. Furthermore, in scenarios involving micro-speed air exchange, an open window area of 30 square meters facilitated an air volume of 250,168, indicating both economic and practical benefits. The overall satisfaction with interior design and spatial arrangement achieved through BIM and VR integration consistently exceeds 80%, underscoring the synergistic potential and future-oriented trajectory of combining these technologies.

Updating parameters of an information model for road construction flow in work development project

Introduction. The article reflects the main trends and problems in the development of information modelling technology in the Russian road industry. A set of mutually integrated domestic software products is presented that provide the formation and support of information models of roads in the life cycle process. It has been established that the transition from traditional simulation modelling of building flows to information modelling of flow systems requires a detailed analysis of the lower elements of the flow structure. Such elements in the system of an integrated road construction flow include linear specialized detachments.Models and methods. A single information model of an object as part of the construction organization project (COP) forms the overall strategy for managing the construction of the road. At the stage of the project for the production of works (PPW), it is necessary to take into account the technical and technological features of the contractor in the calendar plan. At the PPW level, it is necessary to create a new structure and define the parameters of this structure in such a way as to satisfy the specified restrictions established by the COP in terms of time and costs, and also provide for certain reserves for insuring possible risks. The aim of the study is to develop a methodology for information modelling of a specialized road flow as part of the PPW, taking into account the optimization and updating of its parameters in relation to the conditions of the contracting organization.Results. A modelling algorithm has been developed for creating an updated structure of a specialized linear flow in an integrated computer environment, which provides visualization of a construction site, control and operational management of work in a shared data environment. An example of the implementation of this method is considered when designing a specialized flow, first as part of a COP, with the subsequent updating of this model in the MS Project program when developing a PPW based on a typical flow chart.Conclusion. The use of information modelling creates wide opportunities for analyzing and monitoring the progress of work at the construction site of a linear flow, and also allows you to perform prompt automated restructuring of the loading of detachment vehicles when adjusting the amount of work at the work sites.

Features of Civil Law Regulation of Relations in Design and Construction Using Building Information Modeling (BIM)

The paper explains the civil law aspects of the regulation of relations related to the use of information modeling in construction. The author analyzes the features of international and national standards for BIM implementation and highlights the problems of domestic legal regulation of relations in the field of information modeling. It is determined that the development of BIM technologies requires special contractual legal tools, providing, on the one hand, organizational and informational relations for the creation and use of a digital model within a single process of design, construction and operation, and, on the other hand, relations related to the exercise of property rights and obligations, exclusive rights to the BIM object. The author substantiates the necessity of introducing standard structures defining the use of BIM in contractual practice of design and construction. The author proposes to apply conceptual aspects that need to be reflected in the development of relevant treaties.

Технологии информационного моделирования объектов дорожного строительства

This work addressed the problems of using information modelling in road facilities. One of the main scientific and technical tasks of implementing information modelling in the field of design and construc-tion of highways and engineering structures lies in its use throughout the entire life cycle of a road facility. It was revealed that such models should include the geometric characteristics of road facilities, local conditions in which they are located and basic data on the occurring processes. The applicability of information models at different stages of construction, reconstruction and reconditioning of roads and engineering structures were considered in order to ensure continuous monitoring of all technical programmes and data amendment. In order to implement the information modelling to design manage-ment, it is necessary to establish interaction between all the design participants by means of a special knowledge library represented by a catalog of standard solutions that can be used in subsequent pro-jects at variable component parameters. Software products used for the design of roads using infor-mation modelling were given. A 3D model of a motorway bridge containing the data on each element was presented, which allowed a spatial model of an engineering structure to be built. It was concluded that the use of information modelling of an object greatly facilitates the work of designers and con-struction workers, allowing for many advantages over previous means of developing road construction projects. This approach offers a combination and coordination of parts of the designed road object developed by different specialists and organisations.

HYPERTEXTUALITY AS A DISTINCTIVE FEATURE OF MODERN ENGLISH DICTIONARY INTERNET DISCOURSE

The scientific article deals with analyzing hypertextuality as a characteristic featureof the modern English dictionary Internet discourse. It highlights the prerequisites of hypertextuality and its importance in modern linguistics, in particular in the aspect of e-dictionary compilation. It determines the idea of the concept and outlines the approaches to its interpretation. Moreover, the research analysis theapproaches to define hypertext. In addition, it focuses on its distinctive characteristics. They include non-hierarchy, cohesive closedness, nonlinearity, potentiality, multimedia, multilinearity, openness, heterogeneity, and multiplicity of virtual structures. The article considers the types of hypertext systems (bibliographic, analytical, reference, experimental). It establishes that such advantages of hypertext as adaptability, the possibility of fast publicity and distribution, and economy determine the superiority of virtual text over the traditional one. The investigation studies the typology of hypertexts (dynamic, statistical, hierarchical, grid). It outlines the importance of hypertextuality in electronic dictionary compilation. It emphasizes the significance of hypertext technologies to systematize information effectively based on solid internal connections, both text, and illustrations, graphics, photographs, drawings, audio, and video, which help readers better understand information. The articleproves that in developing a global structure of relationships between information blocks, it is necessary to consider possible connections both within the electronic dictionary and with external information resources. It characterizes the types of hyperlinks (local, global) and considers their role in a dictionary entry. Finally, it proves that an electronic dictionary is essentially hypertext. After all, the hypertext system of electronic dictionaries allows effective presentation of material in a combination of text, tables, graphs, diagrams, illustrations, animations, audio, and video materials, as well as the use of information modeling and navigation. The prospect of further scientific research lies in the detailed analysis of dictionary entry distinctive features.

Structural Analysis and 3D Timber Spatial Structure Modeling

The analysis of the structural form of the multi-volume dome structure using load-bearing wooden arches is performed. The complexity of the volumes and their connecting lines, as well as the requirement to conduct a non-linear analysis of long-span wooden elements at the request of Eurocode 5 make the information model necessary. It is noted that the design using this technology is developing in the direction of taking into account all stages of the structure life cycle. Information modeling of wooden structures in the world is the most prepared for the use of BIM-technologies. This is due to the sophisticated digital technologies for the production of modern wooden structures elements. An information model was formed for designing according to the regulations of Ukraine. The Information Model was created in the SAPFIR software package for further possibility of importing the model into the LIRA-CAD software package. The necessary auxiliary steps were used to build the model. The loads on the curved surface were calculated in the PC Espri. For further development of the nodes, 3D-modeling was used with the transfer of the information model into the PC Tekla Structures as a specialized environment for the constructive section of the project.
 The presented analysis of the complex dome structure using wooden arches summarizes the approaches to the development of unique forms of structures using wood. The use of information models has significantly increased the complexity of architectural design and structural model taking into account the nonlinear effects of wood. The possibility of integrating these tools for further implementation in BIM-technology is shown.

ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ И АДДИТИВНЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ В СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВЕ

The aspects of construction digitalization related to the use of information modeling of the construction object (BIM) and 3D printing are discussed. The object of the research is additive manufacturing and its features in development. The subject of the research is the influence of additive constructing on BIM. The purpose of the research is to develop a BIM methodology, using 3D printing. The limitations of additive constructing are analyzed, and the methodology of information modeling considering these limitations is formed as a result of the research. The main limitations of 3D printing are associated with the size of the construction object, size, shape and weight of structures, used materials, used reinforcement technology, costs, temperature and print speed. The methodology includes the formation of model with special parameters, showing their values, and the verification of parameter values for acceptability. Checking the values of the parameters can be a part of mandatory verification process of the information model. The proposed method does not depend on the level of development of a 3D printing technology.

Building Information Modelling in Structural Engineering: A Qualitative Literature Review

Over the past decade, the fields of civil engineering, i.e., structural engineering, have increasingly used the building information modelling (BIM) approach in both professional practice and as the focus of research. However, the field of structural engineering, which can be seen as a sub-discipline of civil engineering, misses, as far as the authors are aware, a real state-of-the-art on the use of BIM in this regard. The aim of this paper, therefore, is to start bridging that gap. In particular, the authors have conducted a traditional literature review on the utilisation of BIM in structural engineering, enabling them to perform a detailed content analysis of publications. The qualitative investigation of the literature that the authors have conducted has highlighted six main BIM uses in structural engineering: (1) structural analyses; (2) production of shop drawings; (3) optimized structural design, early identification of constructability issues, and a comparison of different structural solutions; (4) seismic risk assessments; (5) existing-condition modelling and retrofitting of structures; and (6) structural health monitoring. Each of these is discussed in relation to their reference workflows; use of information models; information exchanges; and main limitations. In the conclusions, the authors identify current gaps in knowledge, as well as likely developments and improvements in the utilization of BIM in structural engineering. The authors also outline the possible significance of this work more broadly.

ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ МЕТОДІВ І МОДЕЛЕЙ ВІМ-ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ ПРИ ПРОЕКТУВАННІ КУПОЛЬНОГО ПОКРИТТЯ АКВАПАРКУ З ДЕРЕВЯНИМИ АРКАМИ

Тhe issues of designing a multi-volume dome structure for a water park using wooden arches as load-bearing structures are сonsidered. The complexity of the volumes and their joining lines, as well as the requirement to perform non-linear analysis of large-span timber elements at the request of Eurocode 5, make an information model with elements of BIM-technology necessary. It is noted that design using this technology is developing in the direction of taking into account all stages of the structure life cycle. Wood Information modeling is the most prepared for the use of BIM-technologies. This is due to the high factory readiness and complex digital technologies for the manufacture of modern wooden structures elements. During the design, an information model was formulated in the SAPFIR software package with the subsequent possibility of importing the model into the LIRA-SAPR software package. Additional steps were used to build the model: creating a 2D template in AutoCad with reference lines and the location of rigid walls on which the coating rests, and importing drawings into SAPFIR as a dxf-underlay; for all elements of the system located in the local coordinate system, auxiliary lines were built for the correct orientation of the plane in space; loads on curved surfaces were calculated in the PC Expri. For the further development of the nodes, 3D modeling was used with the transfer of the information model to the Tekla Structures PC as a specialized environment for the constructive section of the project. The presented calculation of a complex dome structure using wooden arches summarizes the approaches to the development of unique forms of structures using wood. The use of information models made it possible to reduce the time spent on design, to optimize the drawings, and also to significantly increase the complexity of the architectural and structural design of the structure and the design model, taking into account the nonlinear effects of wood.

Structural and logical model of the mechanism for regulating technogenic safety in emergency situations of military-technogenic origin

To ensure stable management of technogenic safety and civil protection in these conditions, it is necessary to develop an information model for managing technogenic security under verious conditions of use of the Armed Forces of Ukraine with the provision of minimal risks and threats of emergencies of military technogenic origin. The information model provides for three components, namely: the first is a model for managing technogenic security safety in the zone of ​​the joint forces operation in a steady state; the second is a model for managing technogenic safety in the area of ​​the joint forces operation in an emergency of natural or technogenic origin; third is a model for managing technogenic security in the area of ​​the joint forces operation in an emergency of military-technogenic origin. The paper shows that the information model of the mechanism of man-made safety regulation during emergencies of military-man-made origin is a set of specific methods, forms, techniques, tools and levers of man-made safety regulation, through the improvement of which, in fact, the man-made safety system is improved. regional level. On the example of solving the practical problem of determining the depth and area of ​​distribution of the primary cloud of highly toxic substances and its impact on military facilities, shows the use of information model to provide the decision maker with necessary and sufficient information to make management decisions to ensure military-man-made security . To assess the effectiveness of mechanisms for state regulation of man-made safety at the regional level, it is proposed to use the method of hierarchy analysis. According to this model, the subject of management (management bodies in the field of technogenic safety) exerts a controlling influence (on the basis of laws, decrees, by-laws, standards, resolutions, orders, programs of ecological direction) on the object of management (social facilities, enterprises, natural objects), which in accordance with the received control impact, changes its state, activity, quantitative and qualitative parameters of the state or impact on the environment.

Medico-geoinformaton system for suicide prevention among adolescents

The development of adequate measures to combat the spread of socially significant diseases requires the use of modern tools available to demographers and epidemiologists for entering, analyzing and visualizing data on the spread of population movement processes in space. A medical and demographic geoinformation system has been created to study the dynamics of suicidal behavior in the Amur region of the Russian Far East. The main factors involved in the psychopathogenesis of suicidal behavior are considered. The research was conducted using various ecological and mathematical methods to assess the quality of life of the human population in extreme the conditions of the Far Amur region of the East of Russia, taking into account various factors of interaction between the individual, society and the environment. The features of the spread of suicidal attempts in the Amur region are revealed. The set of the main causes and factors of low intensity characterizing the current suicidal situation in the Amur region of the Russian Far East is studied on the example of the Khabarovsk city. The medical-demographic and socio-psychological problems of suicidal behavior caused by depressive disorders are analyzed from the standpoint of the geoinformation modeling method. Original methodological approaches to the use of information models for medical-demographic and socio-economic studies of depressive spectrum disorders and the prevention of adolescents suicidal behavior are proposed.

BIM Integration Possibilities in Different Study Cycles of Architecture Study Programme

European countries are developing or implementing policies that promote or require the use of information modelling in the architecture, engineering, construction and manufacture sectors. The integration of Building Information Modelling (BIM) to these sectors includes social, economic, political, legal and other aspects. This is why the implementation of BIM requires an integrated and broad approach that includes not only the BIM implementation and development strategy in designing companies but also in the field of education and professional training. The article discusses the potential of integrating BIM in different study programs and the possibilities of international cooperation in interdisciplinary BIM projects. The different levels of BIM will be explored in connection to different curricula. Particular attention is paid to the compatibility and applicability of design and innovative technology solutions using BIM methodology and the development of co-operation between higher education institutions in the Nordic region [1].
 The aim of this paper is to carry out a comparative analysis and present the integration model of Building Information Modeling (BIM) into the Architecture programmes in different study cycles based on the example of Nordic countries.
 Objectives:
 
 To provide BIM use opportunities in 3 years Bachelor level based on Engineeering architecture study programme of VIA University College;
 To provide BIM use opportunities in 5 years Integrated studies based on Architecture studies programme of Kaunas University of Technology;
 To provide BIM use opportunities in the 2 years Master of Science program in Sustainable Architecture at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology;
 To perform comparative analysis between different countries and different study cycles;
 To provide a possible model for integration of the international BIM project in different study cycles.
 

Информационная модель стратегического управления навигационными сервисами

Development of information technologies allows us to address challenges of different class, ranging from optimizing the execution of individual transactions to building systems for implementing the strategy at the enterprise level or a set of organizations. With an increase in the task scale, proportion of factors that do not fall into the control zone increases, however, with the growing information maturity of the economy, there are less and less zones of inaccessibility. The article dwells on the management model of engineering services on the example of navigation services provided by satellite systems. In order to build economic models the author considers possibilities of applying the life cycle model to implement a customer-oriented approach, as well as opportunities models for optimizing internal processes and interacting with suppliers. As a result of transition from a planned system of economic activity to market mechanisms in the Russian economy, production food chains that unite a large number of different enterprises were disrupted. The article shows how the use of information models can contribute to solving accumulated problems.

Use of Information Model in Creating the Investment-Construction Project

The use of information modeling technology in creating the investment-construction object provides a number of advantages to design, construction and operating organizations. Leading development companies should be transformed into a kind of IT-structure. In this regard, construction companies that develop their own strategies for switching to digital technologies and generate digital assets should, first of all, create the basis for their functioning - the integrated information model of the object - the BIM model. The latter includes all sections of the project and contains reliable and relevant information about the existing physical object. The concrete examples in this article show the results of the successful implementation of this approach in relation to capital construction projects of varying complexity.

Application of BIM technology in operation of port marine structures

The features of the BIM model development for marine port facilities operation are discussed. Infrastructure objects differ significantly from linear and area objects, the use of information modeling for transport infrastructure requires a new approach to organization of design, construction and especially for operation. Most seaports were built long ago and there is not to have the project documentation for them. It is therefore very relevant is the problem of adapting existing building and design documentation to develop models of operation. Infrastructure projects always have a large number of interconnections that are irregular and difficult to formalize into an information model. Port berthing facilities in an intensive mode interact with the courts, a water space, the cargo base and special cargo handling equipment. On the example of the design model of the seaport, we collected sufficient data for their further integration into the BIM model and the transfer of information in digital form for its repeated use at different stages of the life cycle of the seaport. The individual information schemes and elements for standardization of the design of offshore mooring structures, taking into account of turnover in object-oriented format with attribute data are offered. The model includes the necessary information on all parameters of operation of the berthing facility, planning of measures for emergency situations, standard calendar work plan, schedules for monitoring the technical condition, financial estimates for operational maintenance, repairs, etc. The activities on the automation of deformation monitoring system, calculation of structural strength of the main structural elements and control risks are additionally proposed. The transition to life-cycle contracts in the operation of marine berthing facilities is justified.

Life Cycle of Construction Objects at Information Simulation of Buildings and Structures

The variants of the division of the life cycle of a construction object at the stages adopted in the territory of the Russian Federation, as well as in other countries are considered. Particular attention is paid to the exemplary work plan – "RIBA plan of work", used in England. A feature of this document is its applicability in the information modeling of construction projects (Building information Modeling – BIM). The article presents a structural and logical scheme of the life cycle of a building object and a list of works that are performed using information modeling technology at various stages of the life cycle of the building. The place of information models in the process of determining the service life of the building is shown. On the basis of the considered sources of information, promising directions for the development of the life cycle management system of the construction object (Life Cycle Management) and the development of the regulatory framework in order to improve the use of information modeling in construction are given.

Use of Information Modelling for Urban Poor Housing

India is facing the trend of increasing urbanization with a haphazard population growth that affects the environmental quality, economy and human health. Application of sustainable building materials and technology can improve the living conditions. The paper presents the role of creating and managing information using Building Information Modelling (BIM) to provide a comfortable indoor condition with the best-suited building envelope for the case study residential building located in Nagpur, Maharashtra. Building plan approved by the standards and local government practice was modelled and analyzed with BIM tool. This study examines the building performance for energy demand. The results thus obtained are used to analyze and compare the masonry products to achieve thermal comfort in buildings. The results obtained from the study conclude that the use of sustainable building materials and computational approach fastens the decision process to meet the housing demand.

Информационная модель как инструмент анализа новостного дискурса

Under the conditions of information society special importance is attached
 to a systematic and consistent study of the news texts, which are regarded
 as the pinnacle of all media discourse, its basic structure around which all
 media content is organized. At present the study of news texts applies a
 wide range of different methods traditionally used for the analysis of socially
 and culture bound discourse – linguistic, sociological, discursive, contentanalysis
 etc. However the method specifically designed for the analysis of
 the news has not been fully described yet. To fill in this gap the author offers
 to use “the information model” that was designed within the framework of
 media linguistics – a relatively new but already firmly established branch of
 language studies. The article focuses on the use of information model for
 the analysis of news discourse, specifically dealing with all its elements –
 selection of facts, interpretation, shaping images, forming stereotypes and
 cultural-ideological context.

Civil Integrated Management for Highway Infrastructure: Case Studies and Lessons Learned

The use of information modeling and digital data for highway projects has seen a considerable surge over the past decade. These tools have enhanced the predictability and performance of several tasks in the project delivery process. This study explores the implementation of civil integrated management (CIM) practices in four case studies and documents the lessons learned to enhance CIM inclusion in project delivery processes. CIM encompasses the system of interdependent technologies and practices that facilitate collection, management, and utilization of digital information for project delivery and asset management processes. CIM is an emerging practice, and studies concerning integration of CIM technologies with project life cycle are limited. Through case studies of four highway projects, this study emphasizes the standards and processes that played a vital role in utilizing CIM technologies for contract documentation, design coordination, construction automation, and project management. The two small-scale projects investigated as part of this study demonstrate that pilot initiatives could be successfully carried out to harvest best practices in overcoming contract and legal challenges while embracing new technologies in agencies’ workflow. The two large-scale projects indicate that with the owner’s participation and expertise, the role of CIM technologies can be further enhanced toward performing project management functions. The lessons learned from the case studies are organized to provide a synthesis of process and organizational considerations that would enhance the agencywide adoption of CIM technologies.