Use Of Green Technology Research Articles

Influence of Sample Preparation/Extraction Method on the Phytochemical Profile and Antimicrobial Activities of 12 Commonly Consumed Medicinal Plants in Romania

This paper aims to evaluate the influence of preparation and extraction methods on the phytochemical profile and microbiological activity of 12 medicinal plants from the west side of Romania. First, the proximate composition (humidity, proteins, lipids, and ash) and elemental composition of the raw material were evaluated. Two levels of plant shredding were used: coarse shredding (CS) and fine grinding of plants to obtain powder (FG), and three extraction methods: conventional solvent extraction (CES), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and microwave extraction (MWE). The phytochemical profile investigated referred to antioxidant activity (AA), total polyphenol content (TPC), and flavonoid content (TFC), using spectrophotometric methods, and individual polyphenols detected using the LC/MS method. The preparation/extraction method for each medicinal plant was optimized using statistical analysis. The optimized extracts for each medicinal plant were tested to evaluate the antimicrobial potential against 9 standard strains. The results showed that the sample preparation method before extraction (shredding or grinding) influences the content of phytocompounds by increasing them in powder form. The use of green technologies, especially MWE, leads to the highest content of TPC, TFC, and AA. The TPC value ranged between 4.83–19.2 mgGAE/g DM in the samples CS and between 19.00–52.85 mgGAE/g DM in the samples FG. The highest antioxidant value was found in the Origanum vulgare extract, both in the case of the crushed sample (22.66 mM Fe2+/100 g) and the powder sample (81.36 mM Fe2+/100 g), followed by Melissa officinalis, The TFC values varied in the range of 1.02–3.46 mgQE/g DM when CES was used, between 2.36–12.09 mgQE/g DM for UAE, and between 1.22–9.63 mgQE/g DM in the case of the MWE procedure. The antimicrobial activity highlighted the effectiveness of the extracts, especially on the strains of H. influenzae, C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, S. aureus, and S. flexneri. Reduced antimicrobial activity was recorded for the strains of S. pyogenes and P. aeruginosa. The best antimicrobial activity was registered by Thymus serpyllum, with an inhibition rate of 132.93% against E. coli and 78.40% against C. albicans.

Identifying industry-related opinions on shore power from a survey in China

Shore power is a green technology used by the shipping industry to abate emissions from vessels berthing in ports. This paper aims to identify industry-related opinions on shore power based on a set of collected data by means of a questionnaire in China. A four-pronged approach is used for this investigation. First, a questionnaire based on more than 50 items of related literature was designed. Second, factor analysis, including exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, was carried out. Third, a structural equation model was used to test specified hypotheses and identify connections among varied factors, such as technology, application, etc. Finally, other related questions, such as development trends and the influence on shore power of new regulations on use of sulphur, were investigated. The results show that motivation, application, incentive, technology, and recognition all have positive influences on the promotion of shore power with 0.452, 0.398, 0.239, 0.216, and 0.194 standardised factor loadings, respectively. Meanwhile, a unified standard, subsidy/incentive, and implementation/enforcement are considered three urgent measures that can be employed to improve the uptake of shore power. Moreover, in upcoming years, digitalisation of application and payment and decarbonisation are predicted to be two major development trends in the industrial use of shore power. Three-quarters of the respondents thought that a new/lower limit of sulphur emission would boost the use of shore power. The findings from this investigation provide a decision-making tool for policymakers and the developed method can be used to promote the wide use of green technology.

Genus Brassica By-Products Revalorization with Green Technologies to Fortify Innovative Foods: A Scoping Review.

Food losses and waste reduction are a worldwide challenge involving governments, researchers, and food industries. Therefore, by-product revalorization and the use of key extracted biocompounds to fortify innovative foods seems an interesting challenge to afford. The aim of this review is to evaluate and elucidate the scientific evidence on the use of green technologies to extract bioactive compounds from Brassica by-products with potential application in developing new foods. Scopus was used to search for indexed studies in JCR-ISI journals, while books, reviews, and non-indexed JCR journals were excluded. Broccoli, kale, cauliflower, cabbage, mustard, and radish, among others, have been deeply reviewed. Ultrasound and microwave-assisted extraction have been mostly used, but there are relevant studies using enzymes, supercritical fluids, ultrafiltration, or pressurized liquids that report a great extraction effectiveness and efficiency. However, predictive models must be developed to optimize the extraction procedures. Extracted biocompounds can be used, free or encapsulated, to develop, reformulate, and/or fortify new foods as a good tool to enhance healthiness while preserving their quality (nutritional, functional, and sensory) and safety. In the age of recycling and energy saving, more studies must evaluate the efficiency of the processes, the cost, and the environmental impact leading to the production of new foods and the sustainable extraction of phytochemicals.

ЗЕЛЕНЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ КАК АЛЬТЕРНАТИВА ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ УГЛЕВОДОРОДНЫХ РЕСУРСОВ

The article discusses the prospects for the use of green technologies in the face of an unfavorable geopolitical situation and sanctions announced by Russia, which led to a shortage in the energy market. Renewable energy sources, including solar energy, wind energy, hydropower, biofuels and others, are the main focus of the transition to a less carbon-intensive and more sustainable energy system. Wind and solar PV can reduce the European energy sector's dependence on Russian gas in 2023. Russia supplies about 45 % of the gas imported by the European Union for industry, housing and electricity generation. For electricity generation, natural gas accounts for about 16 % of the group's total electricity demand. Over the past decade, natural gas-fired electricity generation has ranged from 340 to 600 kWh per year, depending on pricing and demand for wind and solar photovoltaic systems. The paper provides an analysis of the average annual energy production on natural gas for individual EU countries. An overview of the change in the price range of biofuels is presented. Uncertainty factors in the construction of economic forecasts are indicators related to fuel, raw materials and the policy of prices for oil and biofuels. Energy and food security, as well as reducing greenhouse gas emissions, are all in constant flux, which also introduces many uncertainties into forecasts. As conclusions on the topic of the work, it was noted that high prices for fossil fuels have increased the competitiveness of electricity generation technologies from renewable sources compared to coal-fired and natural gas power plants. However, despite their potential, accelerating the growth of new renewable energy capacity depends largely on a stable policy environment that provides long-term revenue certainty.

The social green economy: A perspective on a forest community project in a developing country

The social green economy prioritises the use of green technologies and sustainable practices in economic activities, resulting in a reduction in environmental impact and an improvement in social well-being (Guo et al., 2020; Söderholm, 2020). Furthermore, the efficiency evaluation of the green economy development of forestry is related to the direction of forestry development and plays an important role in balancing economic and environmental issues within it (Huang et al., 2022). This study aims to explain forest community projects as a promising example of how sustainable development and the green economy can be achieved through community-based initiatives. A qualitative approach was applied. In-depth interviews were conducted with 10 key informants, employing purposive sampling. Content analysis and NVivo were adopted to analyse the data. The findings confirmed the potential benefits of community-based forestry initiatives, such as job creation, poverty reduction, and environmental sustainability. A forest community project can contribute to a green economy by implementing sustainable practices and utilising green technologies in its operations. By participating in carbon credit programmes, a forest community project can contribute to a green economy, mitigate the effects of climate change, and improve the economic prosperity and social well-being of the local community.

Mathematical Modelling of Public Health Expenditure and Carbon Footprint in Nigeria

Most major rising economies are seeing a rise in health problems as a result of airborne smog caused by carbon dioxide discharges. The situation in Nigeria is getting too concerning, as the expense of healthcare services continues to rise as a result of environmental problems. The purpose of this research is to determine the extent to which investments in healthcare and social welfare have altered Nigeria's carbon footprint. Dependent variable in this study is CO2 emissions captured by the World Bank Development Indicators in metric tonnes, whereas the independent variables are public healthcare spending and social welfare cost. The data for these variables are kept in the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin from 2006 to 2020. Several statistical tests are being used in the study to confirm model stability, appropriateness, and normalcy. As a consequence, the unit root is validated at the level, and additional diagnostic tests show that the multiple regression model used in this work is free of distortion, serial correlation, and hetroskedacity. As a result, the data reveal that the predictor factors have a substantial and positive correlation with Nigeria's carbon footprint. Further data show that healthcare costs have a considerable and beneficial influence on carbon footprint, but social welfare spending is insignificant in this regard. The report recommends the use of green technologies to minimize carbon emissions and enhance the overall health of the population. As a solution, both people and the government's health-care costs will be significantly reduced in the absence of air pollution.

What abates environmental efficiency in African economies? Exploring the influence of infrastructure, industrialization, and innovation

The study investigates the impact of infrastructure, industrialization, and innovation in improving environmental efficiency in Africa toward addressing the pressing needs for environmental sustainability in the region. The study employed both Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Driscoll & Kraay methods to data collected for 19 African countries from 2000 to 2019. The results show a negative and significant relationship between infrastructure, industrialization, and innovation and the environmental efficiency in selected countries. Furthermore, our findings indicate that growth and energy demand have both positive and negative effects on these relationships. This paper has important policy implications, and we conclude that policies aiming at the development of both infrastructure and industry should consider the use of green technology to ensure sustainable development and environmental protection.

A Review of Economic Incentives to Promote Decarbonization Alternatives in Maritime and Inland Waterway Transport Modes

Public policies and economic incentives are widely used as a strategy to stimulate the use of green technologies and low-emission practices in the waterborne transport sector. Since the Paris Agreement, countries have been encouraged to implement more strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to build resilience against climate change impacts in developing countries. This article presents a literature review on policies, regulations, and programs that represent economic incentives to promote alternatives to decarbonize maritime and inland waterway transport in sixteen countries, including Colombia. More than one hundred thirty sources of information were reviewed, including official portals of governments, port authorities and organizations, and scientific articles; therefore, the incentives found were grouped into three categories: project financing, differentiated port tariffs, and incentives to cover onshore power service fees. As a result of this review, it was found that differentiated port tariffs were the most common type of incentive. Finally, the specific case of Colombia was analyzed, which provides a deeper perspective of current policies and measures aimed at encouraging the decarbonization of waterborne transport and compares them with the international panorama.

Ensuring the Safety of Buildings by Reducing the Noise Impact through the Use of Green Wall Systems

Modern environmental problems are caused by increased energy consumption and the urban heat island effect. Urban noise pollution is another big problem in the Megacities. Ensuring safety with reducing hazards in the urban space is one of the priority tasks of the urban city centers. One solution is the use of green technologies in the construction of office and residential real estate. In this research, we provide the analysis of reducing the noise impact through the use of different green wall systems, such as modular, hydroponic and container, analyzing their benefits and disadvantages in terms of operation and maintenance. After that, we chose hydroponic systems as the most efficient ones and examined different conditions of the system and how these types reduce the noise analyzing absorption coefficient. As a result, we found out that the efficiency of the hydroponic green wall system depends on the humidity of the substrate and the presence of the plants, which confirms the importance of vegetation in reducing noise impact in urban environment.

Environmental sustainability through renewable energy and banking sector development: policy implications for N-11 countries.

Climate change has become an alarming condition for developed and developing countries. The main reason for this is the use of non-renewable energy (RE) in economic sectors. Therefore, the world economies are now replacing non-renewable with RE. The role of BANKs is fundamental for this transition because they can fund clean energy projects. Several studies probed the economic growth andCO2e association and ignored the role of BANK development. Therefore, this work investigates the influences of banking sector development on CO2 emissions (CO2e) in the next eleven countries. This work included other factors of GDP, clean energy, and non-RE in the model by taking annual data from 1990 to 2020. Robust econometric techniques are used to highlight the empirical outcomes. The cross-sectional autoregressive distributed lag approach shows that BANK development is a coproduction factor toward CO2 production in the presence of economic development and renewable and nonrenewable energy. More credits from banks to the private sector are enhancing economic activity and increasing energy consumption. This means that a 1% increase in BANK development will increase CO2e by 0.01%. A 1% increase in RE is lowering CO2e by 0.31%. Therefore, this work highlights the importance of BANK development in creating sustainable development. The BANK can fund clean energy projects. Policymakers can utilize the BANK to encourage green investments in household and corporate sectors. The use of green technologies will ultimately bring a cleaner environment and sustainable development to N-11 countries. This work is helpful for policymakers in that they can utilize the banking sector to launch greener projects to attain sustainable development goals.

Экологическая ответственность бизнеса как критерий ESG и устойчивого развития

Introduction: in the context of a sanctioned foreign policy, which includes the possibility of abandoning Russian energy carriers, in addition to risks, some opportunities for sustainable development and implementation of ESG strategies are revealed. The innovative green projects in the interests of the Russian Federation are implemented for sustainable development mainly by the business community, whose responsibility is interpreted in the context of ESG criteria. The purpose of the study: to substantiate the concept of environmental responsibility of business as a criterion of ESG and sustainable development. Methods: the research was carried out by means of a set of methods of scientific cognition, namely, analysis (the analysis of concepts, identification of their signs, traits) and synthesis (the generalization of debatable conclusions, contrasted definitions), the method of analogies, by which the characteristics of the studied theses and definitions were projected onto legal relations. The preparation of the paper required the use of special legal research methods, such as formal legal and comparative legal. Results: ESG as a new trend and category is correlated in content with the sustainable development goals. The principles of ESG and sustainable development are implemented in Russia taking into account the local peculiarities. The ESG criteria are data that capture the measure of responsibility of business in the environmental protection field. The environmental responsibility of business as a type of environmental responsibility is a responsible approach of business to nature protection not out of fear of being held liable, but on the basis of the calculations of stimulating indicators, positive factors. The environmental responsibility of business, in this sense, becomes a value criterion, an incentive for the use of green technologies, innovative “clean” business models and can be attributed to the criteria of ESG and sustainable development. Conclusions: the environmental responsibility of business as an ESG criterion is achieved by external and internal factors, requires the state participation, achieving environmental transparency, improving environmental insurance, developing a system of taxonomy and criteria assessment.

The Impact of Low-Carbon City (LCC) on Elderly People's Health: Evidence from a Natural Experiment in China.

Rapid urbanization has increased haze pollution, affecting the health of elderly people. This study uses low-carbon city (LCC) data and examines the effects of LCCs on improving the health of elderly residents. Our main purpose is to explore the following question: Can the new urbanization model presented by the LCC alleviate haze pollution and enhance the health of middle-aged and elderly people? This study uses data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and the 2012 LCC pilot to explore whether the LCC can alleviate haze pollution and improve elderly people’s health. The study found that the building of LCCs can reduce blood pressure, improve vital capacity, decrease obesity, and improve memory levels, including short-term and long-term memory. The building of LCCs also reduces the probability of being exposed to haze pollution by increasing the city’s green total factor productivity and the use of green technologies. The study concludes that elderly people received health dividends as a result of the enhancement of living conditions, transportation, and medical support in the LCCs.

The impact of technological innovation on renewable energy production: accounting for the roles of economic and environmental factors using a method of moments quantile regression

Advancement in renewables is one of the most effective techniques for sustained long-term development, and nations across the globe are making efforts to change their economic and industrial structures in a bid to boost green growth. With the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), the availability, access, and use of green technologies including renewable energy have significantly improved. Researches on the factors that influence renewable energy production are available. However, we are unaware of any previous research that examines the role of renewable energy innovation in the promotion of renewable energy production. As a result, this study evaluates the impact of technical innovation on green growth from 1993 to 2018, while accounting for real GDP, producer price index, and CO2 emissions. Due to their pivotal status among the developing countries, our study has focused on the BRICS countries. By using a new panel quantile regression augmented with the method of moments, the empirical findings suggest that the influence of renewable energy innovation on renewable energy production is significantly positive across all quantiles. Moreover, the coefficients are generally bigger at the small quantiles, which suggests that countries with smaller renewable energy production per capita (India and South Africa) have a higher probability to experience a greater impact of renewable energy innovation per capita than countries with bigger renewable energy production per capita (Brazil and Russia).

Applications of green technologies-based approaches for food safety enhancement: A comprehensive review.

Food is the basic necessity for life that always motivated man for its preservation and making it available for an extended period. Food scientists always tried to preserve it with minimum deterioration in quality by employing and investigating innovative preservation techniques. The food sector always remained in search of eco‐friendly and sustainable solutions to tackle food safety challenges. Green technologies (ozone, pulsed electric field, ohmic heating, photosensitization, ultraviolet radiations, high‐pressure processing, ultrasonic, nanotechnology) are in high demand owing to their eco‐friendly, rapid, efficient, and effective nature in controlling microbes with a negligible residual impact on food quality during processing. The use of green technologies would be a desirable substitute for conventionally available preservation techniques. This paper discusses different food preservation techniques with special reference to green technologies to minimize the deleterious impact on the environment and employs these innovative technologies to play role in enhancing the food safety.

Studying the Aspects of Biological Reclamation of Land Located in an Area with a High Concentration of Mining Enterprises

The importance of the biological reclamation issue is dictated by changes in the relief, violation of land use and the formation of technogenic landscape as a result of coal mining, both by open and underground methods. Under these conditions, the development of integrated mining and reclamation technologies for the restoration of anthropogenically disturbed agricultural landscapes, aimed at stabilizing the quality and preserving soil resources, is urgent. The article presents an analysis of the use of green technologies to improve the efficiency of land reclamation located in an area with a high concentration of mining enterprises. These studies will allow us to compare and evaluate the possibilities of using different types of plantings in the restoration of anthropogenic territories.

ESG transformation and development of hotel business

Nowadays, a business that follows the principles of environmental, social and corporate governance is now more attractive to potential investors and employees. ESG-transformation at the international level is practically taking place in various industries and business areas. In this regard, the hotel business needs to determine specific ESG-performance criteria corresponding to the Sustainable Development Goals, which will become the basis for attracting investments based on the industry ratings formed. The implementation of the ESG-transformation will require the unification of professionals and owners of the hotel business to develop common criteria for compliance with the ESG-agenda. The need to develop ESG-performance criteria in the hospitality industry is determined and related to the willingness to enter into ESG-transformation, taking into account the need for additional financial burden and the need for early recovery after the pandemic. Environmental criteria are related to the use of green technologies in the operation of hotels, issues of energy efficiency, resource conservation and will require a reduction in energy consumption during the operation of a hotel enterprise. The social ones are directed to the internal and external environment of the hotel. Socially oriented criteria for ESGrating of hotels are the most difficult object for approval by professionals of the hotel industry, taking into account the diversity of hotel enterprises and their locations. The criteria for quality management must include corporate governance and corporate behavior. In addition, such changes will also affect consumers of hotel services, who will need time to understand the essence and meaning of ESGtransformation. To implement such a transformation, the involvement of the state in achieving the goals of sustainable development in the hotel industry in Russia and its interest in the ESG-transformation of the hotel business is determined.

The role of ”green” technologies in the development of the hotel industry

The article describes the current aspects of green technologies and the environmental friendliness of hotels, the possibility of using environmentally friendly materials in the process of hotel activities of hotels. The importance of their participation in the tourism business is substantiated and the results of this process and implementation are presented. The procedure of certification of hotels in this direction is also described in detail, the introduction of programs to minimize waste in the hotel, environmental pollution, as well as the use of innovative energy-saving technologies, what international programs exist and their requirements for environmentally friendly accommodation are considered. The purpose of this article is to consider and study the issues of what place green technologies currently occupy in the hotel industry, the use of green technologies by eco-hotels as one of the actively developing branches of the hotel business, the environmental friendliness of the product offered by the hotel industry using a "green" policy, the relevance of these issues in both foreign and Russian social programs. The authors set an urgent task and substantiate the important role of the development of green technologies in the hotel industry. Within the framework of this article, we will try to first touch on ecotourism, give as an example some of the possible forms of ecotourism, assess the environmental requirements imposed on foreign hotel businesses and used by such enterprises in connection with these requirements, green technologies, and then move on to green technologies used by Russian hotel businesses. A search was conducted for Russian alternative programs for the implementation of environmental policy in hotels. The types of eco-hotels are considered, ways to reduce costs and increase profits, increase competitiveness when using green technologies and their role in the hotel industry.

An Analysis on Water Management System in India and Its Repercussions on the Availability

Abstract: India is the largest growing population where water is emerging as a problem , there is water crisis in the country , with lack of professional people to management water resource, treat waste water and water conservation which has prevailed in India since Indus valley civilization has lost its importance over the years .90% of the water is sued for agriculture , people are facing shortage of drinking water , 70% of the polluted water which is been drunk by millions of people are resulting in the death of lacs of people . Today individual states have taken up the initiative to preserve water through adopting traditional method or the use of green technology .Modern cities are facing scarcity of water , they are dependent on water tanks , the groundwater is over in many cities . On the other hand India is the largest exporter of water in particular to China , India needs to increase its export taxes to increase the revenue , it should adopt new technologies and save water , build more plants and forest across the country to recharge groundwater and make India a water secured country. Keywords: Population, India , water conservation , water management , traditional methods , green technology , taxes , revenue

Valorization of seabuckthorn pomace to obtain bioactive carotenoids: An innovative approach of using green extraction techniques (ultrasonic and microwave-assisted extractions) synergized with green solvents (edible oils)

Seabuckthorn pomace (SBT-P) valorization is gaining importance due to the presence of health promoting bioactive compounds. Designed with a green refinery approach, carotenoids (a bioactive pigment) was extracted from SBT-P using green extraction technologies (Ultrasound- and Microwave-assisted extraction, UAE & MAE), synergized with corn and olive oils used as green solvents. Total carotenoid content (TCC) in SBT-P extracts ranged between 26.91 ± 1.96 and 34.35 ± 0.94 mg/100 g in UAE & MAE. Among the different extraction techniques, HPLC data revealed UAE and olive oil extracts to exhibit highest yield of major carotenoids ( lycopene 87.0; β--carotene 18.7 mg/L). The percent inhibition of DPPH free radical ranged between 92.49 ± 1.84 and 94.16 ± 1.06%, whereas total phenolic content ranged from 341.02 ± 10.97 to 405.58 ± 9.58 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g of extract in UAE and MAE, respectively. Results encourages the use of green technologies for extraction of bioactive carotenoids from SBT-P and are expected to find potential food industrial applications, where natural pigments are in demand.

Synthetic Approach to Rice Waste-Derived Carbon-Based Nanomaterials and Their Applications

The utilization of biomass waste to produce valuable products has extraordinary advantages as far as both the economy and climate are concerned, which have become particularly significant lately. The large-scale manufacturing of agricultural waste, mainly rice by-products (rice husk, rice straw, and rice bran), empowers them to be the most broadly examined biomasses as they contain lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose. Rice waste was first used to incorporate bulk materials, while the manufacturing of versatile nanostructures from rice waste at low cost has been developed in recent years and attracts much consideration nowadays. Carbon-based nanomaterials including graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon dots, fullerenes, and carbon nanofibers have tremendous potential in climate and energy-related applications. Various methods have been reported to synthesize high-value carbon nanomaterials, but the use of green technology for the synthesis of carbon nanomaterials is most common nowadays because of the abundant availability of the starting precursor, non-toxicity, low fabrication cost, ease of modification, and eco-friendly nature; therefore, reusing low-value biomass waste for the processing of renewable materials to fabricate high-value products is remarkable. Carbon nanomaterials derived from rice waste have broad applications in various disciplines owing to their distinctive physicochemical, electrical, optical, mechanical, thermal, and enhanced biocompatibility properties. The main objective of this review and basic criteria of selecting examples and explanations is to highlight the green routes for the synthesis of carbon nanomaterials—i.e., graphene, carbon nanotubes, and carbon dots—from rice biomass waste, and their extensive applications in biomedical research (bio-imaging), environmental (water remediation), and energy-related (electrodes for supercapacitors, Li-ion battery, fuel cells, and solar cells) applications. This review summarizes recent advancements, challenges, and trends for rice waste obtained from renewable resources for utilization in the fabrication of versatile carbon-based nanomaterials.