Use Of Construction Waste Research Articles

Properties of a new material based on a gypsum matrix incorporating waste brick

Many rehabilitation operations of historic buildings have not succeeded to utilize appropriate material for purpose of the project. Currently, the use of construction waste, especially the waste brick, is largely expanded in the world due to construction and rehabilitation of buildings. For efficient and sustainable use of such material in the rehabilitation of the architectural ornaments, an experimental study was conducted to examine the influence of the waste brick content on the physical and mechanical properties of the gypsum mortar. The materials used to prepare the gypsum mortar were gypsum, natural sand, waste brick, water and superplasticizer. The main variable in this study were the waste brick content (0% to 100%) and the type of the substrate (limestone and brick). The W/B ratio of all the mixtures was kept constant to maintain a similar level of the workability. Several tests were performed to assess the physical and the mechanical behaviour of the gypsum mortars including the adhesion test, XRD and the SEM analysis. The results found show that the adhesion strengths in the mortars are more important when the substrate is made from limestone with the regard to the substrate made with brick. However, excessive percentage of waste brick in the mortar can lead to adverse effects and reduce the adhesive strength. Gypsum mortars made with 75% of waste brick should be recommended for the rehabilitation of the architectural ornaments.

EFEITOS DA ADIÇÃO DE RESÍDUOS DE CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL NOS CUSTOS DAS CAMADAS ESTRUTURAIS DO PAVIMENTO

A geração de resíduos sólidos na construção civil bem como sua destinação final são temas a cada dia mais debatidos. Geralmente, os resíduos descartados propiciam o surgimento de vetores de doenças, agridem o meio ambiente e prejudicam o desenvolvimento socioeconômico da região. Com isso, a reciclagem destes resíduos e sua aplicação na construção civil vêm despertando cada vez mais interesse. Uma das aplicações mais difundidas para os resíduos de construção civil é a utilização como agregado para o reforço de solos utilizados como base e sub-base para pavimentos flexíveis. Desta forma, o presente artigo objetiva analisar a influência da utilização dos resíduos de construção civil (RCC)nos custos referentes as camadas estruturais dos pavimentos. Para a análise de custos, foram projetadas quatro estruturas de pavimento segundo o método do departamento nacional de infraestrutura de transportes (DNIT), contemplando a utilização de solo-resíduo em duas delas. A análise de custos mostra a utilização de RCC como uma alternativa extremamente viável sob o ponto de vista econômico.

Sustainability assessment of urban water environment treatment public-private partnership projects using fuzzy logic

Purpose In recent years, with the increasingly serious urban water environmental pollution, the government has exerted considerable effort to promote the comprehensive improvement of the water environment and conducted numerous urban water environment treatment public–private partnership (PPP) projects (UWETP-PPP). The sustainability assessment of UWETP-PPP has important theoretical and practical significance for the public and private sectors to systematically evaluate the sustainability of projects and promote the sustainable development of projects. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to advance a method to evaluate the sustainability of UWETP-PPP. Design/methodology/approach The paper adopted fuzzy logic method to evaluate the sustainability of UWETP-PPP. First, this paper constructed the sustainability assessment indicator system of UWETP-PPP. Second, this paper determined the appropriate linguistic scale for assessing the performance ratings and importance weights of UWETP-PPP sustainability indicators and collected experts’ evaluations of the project through questionnaires. Then, the linguistic variables were approximated as fuzzy numbers through the concept of fuzzy theory. Finally, the sustainability of the project was determined and the weak sustainability aspects of the project were identified by calculation. Findings The feasibility of this method was verified by a specific case. And, the results of the case study showed that the UWETP-PPP in Xuchang City, China, was sustainable, and the indicators of weak sustainability of the project were identified, namely, internal return ratio (IRR), sustainable cash flow, provision of employment opportunities, energy efficiency, comprehensive use of water resources, use of innovation materials, renewal of project facilities, adoption of advanced engineering technology, use of construction waste and waste recycling and reuse. This paper also proposed corresponding suggestions for further improving the sustainability of the UWETP-PPP in Xuchang City, China. Originality/value This paper makes two contributions: first, the fuzzy logic method is applied to provide new ideas for a sustainability assessment of UWETP-PPP, and the assessment results facilitate ways to monitor and estimate the degree of sustainability. Second, the identified indicators of weak sustainability provide useful references for the public and private sectors regarding implementing appropriate measures to improve the sustainability level of UWETP-PPP.

Effects of Brick Content on Crushing Behavior of Subgrade Backfill Material Composed of Construction Waste

AbstractThe use of construction waste as a subgrade backfill material is a very promising approach to solve the problems of the rapidly increasing amount of construction waste and the shortage of c...

Concrete rubble recycling in life cycle contract implementation

It is known that during the whole life cycle of a building it is necessary to take a responsible approach to the organization and management of construction processes at the present stage of construction. The reasons for the low use of construction waste were analyzed. It is shown that screenings of concrete scrap are the least demanded. The results of researches connected with utilizing concrete scrap to obtain building composites with high functional, economic and environmental efficiency were reflected.

Environmental Aspects of the Housing Renovation Program in Moscow under Sharing and Circular Economy Conditions

Since 2017, a housing renovation program has been implemented in Moscow, which is a unique program aimed at settling and demolishing shabby low-rise housing stock and new construction on the vacated territory. The renovation program raises a fundamental issue of construction waste disposal. Many current technologies of building mass demolition imply dusting of adjacent territories, have low efficiency in transporting construction waste generated in this process and lead to environmental problems resulting from its disposal, so the rational use of construction waste becomes one of the environmental protection's main points. In this research, we address the question: how the principle "Green Digital Technologies," reflected in the Moscow development concept "Smart City," which is a part of the housing renovation program in Moscow, is currently implemented. Three implementation ways of this principle have been revealed: contraction of "smart houses" under the renovation program according to smart 1.0 standard; use of BIM-technologies in the program; use of "smart demolition" technology. It is proposed to consider the process of recycling construction waste after demolishing old houses under the renovation program according to the principles of sharing and circular economy to increase the program's environmental friendliness and reduce environmental risks for the Moscow population.

Use of construction waste in the Republic of Belarus.

The analysis of the state and prospects of recycling construction waste in the Republic of Belarus has been carried out. Aspects of the current waste management system of construction activities, including the features of terminology and classification of waste, qualitative and quantitative parameters of education, indicators of use, have been studies.

Performance assessments of open-graded cement stabilized macadam containing recycled aggregate

Increased awareness of sustainability has called for increasing use of construction waste in civil infrastructures. However, the incorporation of construction waste should be well examined without compromising the performance. There are few studies focusing on applying construction waste in pervious concrete. This study was aimed at exploring the feasibility of reusing recycled aggregate from construction waste for open-graded cement stabilized macadam (OGCSM) and evaluating its performance. Various replacement ratios of recycled aggregate ranging from 0% to 100% were designed and studied in the OGCSM. The performance of OGCSM containing recycled aggregate are comprehensively evaluated. Specifically unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test, indirect tensile strength (ITS) test, compression resilience modulus test, dry shrinkage test, frost resistance test, and permeability test were conducted. As the results showed, the UCS, ITS and compression resilience modulus of OGCSM decreased with the increase of replacement ratios of recycled aggregate. Dry shrinkage performance also declined with the increase of recycled aggregate content while permeability performance increased with the increase of recycled aggregate content. The UCS after freeze-thaw cycles declined with the increase of recycled aggregate content and cycles. However, there was no significant correlation between residue strength rate and recycled aggregate content. When the replacement ratio was 30%, the residue strength rate was maximum. Although the performance of OGCSM declined with the increase of recycled aggregate content, it could be potentially used in the base of the highway when the performance of OGCSM containing appropriate amount of recycled aggregate met the requirement of base layer of pavements.

Characterization of Recycled Concrete Aggregate as Potential Replacement of Natural Aggregate in Asphalt Pavement

The Construction Industry around the world generates the largest amount of waste and uses generally tons of non-renewable natural resources. Recently, the use of Construction Waste and Demolition (C&WD) in different construction fields has been reported by different authors as its composition includes a wide range of materials. One example of C&WD with potential use in Pavement Infrastructure is Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA). RCA have been studied as suitable replacement to Natural Aggregates (NA) in asphalt pavement, results have shown good performance and important environmental and economic benefits from the use of RCA with respect to conventional aggregates. This paper aims to evaluate the feasibility of using RCA obtained from different resources as a replacement material to NA in asphalt concrete mixtures. NA from regional representative quarries were used in this investigation. Instead, RCA was obtained from two different sources; one source, was obtained from a concrete pavement demolition project (Recycled Concrete Aggregate Pavement source-RCAP), and the second source was obtained from the demolition of some concrete structures in a baseball stadium in Barranquilla’s city (Recycled Concrete Aggregate Building source – RCAB). Characterization of both RCA and NA includes determination of physical, mechanical and chemical properties according to Colombian Standards. Laboratory test results indicates that RCA could be a viable option as potential replacement of natural aggregate in asphalt pavement and to reduce the carbon footprint during the production of asphalt mixtures. Nevertheless, some intrinsic properties of the material must be considered with special care, e.g. absorption, gradation, abrasion resistance, pH, among others. Finally, scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques were used to provide images on RCA’s surface morphology and its composition, giving significant differences between RCA and NA.

Effect of Morphology of Raw Resources of the North Caucasus, Used in the Production of Astringent Low Water Requirements, on the Strength Characteristics of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete

Every year, technical progress is gaining momentum, providing the society with innovations in the field of building materials science. But many problems still remain unresolved. With the growth of urban areas, there is a need for building materials that provide the required strength characteristics and have a minimal negative impact on the environment. The use of local raw materials for the production of astringent low water requirements with subsequent use in fiber-reinforced concrete in the North Caucasus allows solving these problems. Not only natural resources of the North Caucasus in the form of sand were used as the main components of the astringent low water demand, but also wastes from the construction industry. Secondary use of construction waste in addition to technological features improves the ecological territory of the region, reducing the landfill area. In addition to environmental safety, the use of this building material reduces the water-cement ratio and the consumption of Portland cement. The use of basalt fiber as a micro-reinforcing material increases the chemical resistance of fiber-reinforced concrete in general and allows using it in underground structures where aggressive groundwater is present. Also, this type of dispersible reinforced concrete, taking into account its thinness, is rationally used for reconstruction and repair in connection with the low weight of elements, in order to reduce the cost of reinforcing foundations, bases and bearing structures in conditions of increased seismicity. It has been proven by experience that the use of fiber-reinforced concrete with the use of binder from local raw materials is expedient for the erection, repair and reconstruction of buildings and structures in the North Caucasus.

A comprehensive review on mechanical and durability properties of cement-based materials containing waste recycled glass

Disposal of consumer waste is a major challenge in urban areas around the world. In the field of building materials, it has long been recognized that many types of wastes can be used instead of raw materials. In addition, production of binders such as Portland cement is a CO2 intensive process. However, for widespread use of wastes in construction, it is important that the properties of resulting building materials are satisfactory. For concrete, the most important are the fresh, hardened and durability properties. A promising waste material that can be utilized to create sustainable concrete composites is waste recycled glass. In this paper, literature dealing with use of waste recycled glass as partial replacement of either cement or aggregate in concrete is systematically reviewed. The focus of this review is the influence of recycled waste glass on the engineering properties of concrete. Main advantages and drawbacks of using recycled waste glass are discussed. The aim of this review is to identify major research needs in the field that will help bring this class of materials closer to worldwide practical use. Given that concrete is the most used man-made material in the world, such development would significantly reduce the need for landfilling of waste recycled glass that is unsuitable for reuse in glass production.

Utilization of construction and agricultural waste in Malaysia for development of Green Concrete: A Review

Green Concrete (GC) is defined as a concrete that utilize a waste material for at least one of its component. The production of GC has been increasing due to the drawback of conventional concrete that create many environmental problems. In Malaysia, the amount of waste generates from agricultural and construction industries were increasing every year. Hence, one of the solutions to reduce the impact of conventional concrete and limited landfill spaces due to excessive waste is by utilizing it in concrete. This paper reviews the possible use of construction waste (Recycle Concrete Aggregate) and agricultural waste (Palm Oil Fuel Ash, Rice Husk Ash and Palm Oil Fibre) as partial replacement for the basic material in a concrete to produce an innovative Green Concrete. The optimum replacement level for each type of waste was also been review. Green Concrete also has the potential to reduce environmental pollution and solve the depletion of natural sources. The result from this review shows that the addition of agricultural waste or construction waste in concrete indicate positive and satisfactory strength when compared to normal concrete. Finally, a mass production of Green Concrete can fulfil the Construction Industry Transformation Plan (CITP) 2016-2020 made by CIDB that emphasizes on a construction system which is environmentally sustainable.

Отходы строительства как геоэкологический резерв для озеленения городских территорий

The paper has been devoted to consideration of main results related to development of chemical (associated with the use of various buffer solutions) and electro-physical (based on application of alternating electrical frequency-modulated signal to the system) technologies for the use of construction waste — technogenic mineral carbon compounds (by the example of CaCO3 and CaMg(CO3)2) — as a geoecological reserve for intensification of plants growth and development when urban areas landscaping. The proposed technologies have been focused on the improvement of soils by use, or “activation” by certain methods already made during construction works, technogenic mineral carbon compounds, which are mixed with the soil’s top layer and become for plants a source for additional supply of biologically important element — carbon. Vegetation experiments’ results confirm the feasibility and effectiveness for application of these technologies, as well as their combination in the practice related to urban gardening in landscaping after completion of construction and repair works with provision of integrated effect on the system: on seeds, soil, watering solutions.

Joint use of construction waste (CW) and sugarcane bagasse ash sand (SBAS) in concrete

In this study, the properties of concrete produced with construction waste (CW) and sugarcane bagasse ash sand (SBAS) were investigated. CW and SBAS were used to partially replace basalt stone and quartz sand, respectively. The compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, void ratio, dry bulk density, water absorption and the carbonation depth of concrete produced with different contents of these wastes were determined. Samples produced with the joint use of CW and SBAS achieved 93% of the compressive strength of the reference concrete (without waste). It is worth mentioning that this study presents pioneering results for the joint use of SBAS and CW in concrete for use in construction.

Recycled Construction Debris as Concrete Aggregate for Sustainable Construction Materials

An experimental program was conducted in order to compare the engineering properties of reclaimed concrete aggregate waste from various demolition sources: lab-tested concrete waste from a commercial ready-mix company with known engineering properties, construction and demolition (C&D) concrete waste with some information about engineering properties, and regular aggregate from the market, which was used as control samples. This study explores the potential use of construction waste for the development of sustainable construction materials in order to obtain economic returns from the waste. After processing the construction debris into gravel, the amount of reclaimed material from the waste was calculated, and then aggregate tests were conducted. Lab samples were fabricated based on a 35MPa mix-design with reclaimed aggregate from the various waste sources, along with control samples. Finally, compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength, as well as some non-destructive tests (NDT), such as pulse velocity and hammer tests, were conducted. Correlation between results obtained from the various tests were analyzed in this experimental program; a linear correlation was noted between compressive strength and other mechanical properties evaluated, namely, split tensile strength, flexural strength, pulse velocity, and Schmidt Hammer.

МЕТОДИКА СНИЖЕНИЯ ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЯ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ ПРИ КАПИТАЛЬНОМ РЕМОНТЕ (РЕКОНСТРУКЦИИ) ЗДАНИЙ ГОРОДСКОЙ ЗАСТРОЙКИ

Aim. This article deals with the methods of reducing pollution at major repairs (renovation) of urban buildings. Methods. On the basis of field and theoretical studies we received empirical dependences and characteristic curves of the amounts of: construction waste, total emissions into the atmosphere, the cost of capital repairs (reconstruction) with calculated construction volumes and technical condition of constructions. These graphic and empirical regularities prove the connection of the amount of construction waste and total emissions to the atmosphere with the technical condition of the building during reconstructions. Results. The developed method of reducing environmental pollution during reconstruction of buildings in urban areas includes 5 stages starting from information gathering ending with reusing construction waste. Preliminary forecasting and assessment of major repairs (reconstruction) is possible while making calculations by derived formulas. For planning of measures to reduce pollution we have developed a scheme for treatment of construction wastes and offered alternatives for their use. Conclusions. The use of construction waste, produced during major repairs (renovation) of urban buildings, as secondary raw materials, reduces environmental pollution.

Use of Construction Waste to the Mass Manufacture of Clay Products

The objective of this study was to use the waste in the construction ceramic, because it does not degrade in nature due to its chemical composition and a contribution to the reduction of this waste in landfills and visual pollution. Thus, a sample of this material was selected so that their characteristics regarding chemical composition, X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetric analysis could be studied. Mixtures were prepared containing 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% by weight of waste, and sintered at a temperature of 850 ° C. After water absorption, linear shrinkage and mechanical strength tests were performed. The physical-mechanical properties were determined according to the% of waste added. The results revealed a series of phase transformations during sintering. Moreover, the sintered bodies containing residual construction are likely use in red ceramic, contributing to waste minimization and self-sustained development.

Use of construction waste in the removal of Hydrogen Sulfide

The human being has been using the biodegradation principle into the effluent sewage treatment in order to achieve the standards of quality required for the release of effluent in the water bodies’ receivers. However, under anaerobic conditions, there is the formation of gaseous compounds such as carbon dioxide and methane, the damage happens when the effluent contains sulfur compounds, resulting in the formation of sulfide hydrogen, toxic gas, offensive and corrosive odor, requiring treatment. This paper presents an overview of the use of the construction waste, which should receive special attention in the management of solid waste, the removal of this gas, presenting a potential field of study, given the high rates and low efficiency obtained cost of implementation and operation.

Construction Waste Recycling Analysis

promoting the effective use of construction waste is the basic way to carry out construction waste comprehensive control; this paper introduces the current situation of the construction waste, and taking the construction waste of Beijing for example, by using linear regression model analysis. At last, according to the construction waste recycle, we put forward economy mode and reuse of the solution.

Study of Reborn Concrete Block Using Construction Wastes

Using recycled coarse aggregate of Class I to get the high-strength class concrete block, using cycled coarse aggregate of Class III to get the concrete block whose strength level meets the requirements and to get concrete block that has excellent thermal insulation properties, to meet the needs of the diverse market. Finally, through the analysis of the production process and detection data, we can make a conclusive, provide a theoretical basis for the use of construction waste, and provide technical support for the production.