Usage Domain Research Articles

The role of meso-institutions in the system of tariff regulation of energy and housing and public utilities markets

This article is aimed at expanding the applicability of meso-institutional concept in the markets of natural monopolies in the context of a new institutional economic theory. Within the framework of the considered concept the impact of the institutional environment level on evolutionary development of energy and housing and public utilities markets is evaluated alongside with modern approaches of digitalisation. In the first part of the current article the author describes theoretical foundations of the meso-institutional environment concept in respect to the energy and housing and public utilities markets. The definition of the concept and its usage domain are given. Besides, the goals difference of meso- and macro-institutions are analysed in detail. The theoretical part also covers approaches of A.E. Shastitko applied to the energy and housing and public utilities markets. Moreover, the hypothesis of conflict resolution between macro- and meso-institutions is described in framework of markets regulation mechanisms. Also, the regulation mechanisms of the two markets are analysed, including market power instruments of meso-institutions. In addition, the article covers the problem of maintaining a balance of market participants’ interests through these mechanisms. In conclusion, the author offers the concept of improving market mechanisms with the help of the meso-institutional development strategy. It is designed to solve the problem of maintaining a balance of market participants’ interests and predetermine the formation of a new improved institutional environment in the energy and housing and public utilities markets.

The perfect participle and the supine in two chronolects of Danish

Modern Standard Danish distinguishes between a perfect participle and a supine. The perfect participle is an adnominal non-finite form of the verb, ascribing properties to a referent (as do the prototypical adjectives) and morpho-syntactically agreeing with this referent. The supine is an indeclinable non-finite form of a verb, ending in -t, used as a component in periphrastic verb forms. Outside the attributive position, the perfect participle is used in complement constructions with the copula verbs være ‘be’ and blive ‘be’/‘become’; the supine is used in perfective constructions and periphrastic passives with the auxiliaries have ‘have’, få ‘get’, være ‘be’ and blive ‘be’/‘become’. In Modern Standard Danish, the perfect participle has restricted use (it is the marked member of the paradigm perfect participle vs. supine); the supine has a wider domain of usage (it is the unmarked member of the paradigm). In the nineteenth century, this was different. Back then, the perfect participle was the unmarked form with a wide usage domain, whereas the supine had a more restricted use. This paper presents a study of these verb forms in two corpora representing different chronolects of Danish, one corpus consisting of texts from the nineteenth century, one of texts from Modern Standard Danish.

Experimental tests to validate the usage domain for personalised formworks

Analysing the nowadays tendency for customised products, the personalised formwork is a solution that is worth taking into account. Not only that the concrete mould (due to the composite membrane) can take various shapes, function of the designer’s requirements, but it can be reusable and remodelled at each usage. By using the Product Lifecycle Management (referred as PLM) principles, two directions were analysed: a pushing system without any auxiliary reinforcement of the formwork and a pulling system with additional reinforcement under the formwork membrane. The composite membrane is subjected to multiple tests with different variants. By analysing the resulting values regarding the final shape of the product (concrete element), the proposed solutions were validated by defining the usage domain for each type of personalised formwork.

Recurrent neural networks in cyber security

The recent increase in cyber-attacks and malware clearly demonstrates that current countermeasures do not seem to be enough to protect against it, as hackers become more cautious in their approach with the cunning of developing systems that automatically rewrite and reorder their malicious software to avoid detection. Typical machine learning approaches that learn a classifier based on a manually created feature vector are not robust enough to such reordering. Hence, the need for an effective automated cyber security solution using deep neural networks. In this article, we demonstrate research on the effectiveness of recurrent neural networks (RNNs) for combat in cyberspace. The conducted experiment shows that RNN with Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) performs much better than classical machine learning algorithms (SVM and Random Forest) with accuracy of 99.70%, 98.55% and 99.42%, respectively. This is possible because RNNs have a built-in memory that can remember multiple previous states and implicitly extract distinctive features, hidden complex structure, and complex sequential relationships in the data, which helps achieve better accuracy. This paper describes an investigation of a recurrent neural network (RNN) model for cyber security using domain malware detection as an application area. The performance of RNN and other classical machine learning classifiers is studied and evaluated for malware classification in the cyber security usage domain and compared. From this study, it can be seen that RNN has better accuracy than classical machine learning classifiers (SVM and Random forest). This is possible because RNNs have a built-in memory capability that can store and replay multiple previous states, and implicitly extract salient features, hidden/underlying complex structure, and complex sequential relationships in the data, which help achieve better accuracy. Thus, it will be useful for creating a real-time application for analyzing malicious activities on the network.

MOODLE Platform Evaluation in the Light of E-Learning Sites Standards from the Point of View of College of Basic Education Students in The Public Authority for Applied Education and Training in Kuwait

The Study aimed at MOODLE platform evaluating educational website standards through the student's viewpoints who study in the Faculty of Basic Education in the Public Authority for Applied Education and Training in Kuwait. The study used the descriptive survey method. To evaluate MOODLE educational platform, the researchers developed a list of standards consisted of (30) items divided into five domains. The randomly selected study sample consisted of (392) students. The results showed that the evaluation of MOODLE educational platform in light of E-learning sites standards came with a medium degree, they are available to an acceptable degree, and the mean of the tool as a whole was (3.55) by 71%, and the domains rank in order were; the domain of vitality came first with a mean of (3.75) by 74%, while the educational value domain came second with (3.70) by 74%. In contrast, the content domain came third with a mean of (3.48) by 69.6%, while the usage characteristics domain came with (3.47) by 69.4%, where the usage domain came last with a mean of (3.46) by 69.2%. Results also revealed no statistically significant differences (a = 0.05) attributed to the effect of Gender in all domains and the full degree.

Automated Orchestration of Online Educational Collaboration in Cloud-based Environments

Integrated collaboration environments (ICEs) are widely used by corporations to increase productivity by fostering groupwide and interpersonal collaboration. In this article, we discuss the enhancements of such environment needed to build an educational ICE (E-ICE) that addresses the specific needs of educational users. The motivation for the research was the Małopolska Educational Cloud (MEC) project conducted by AGH University and its partners. The E-ICE developed by MEC project fosters collaboration between universities and high schools by creating an immersive virtual collaboration space. MEC is a unique project due to its scale and usage domain. Multiple online collaboration events are organized weekly between over 150 geographically scattered institutions. Such events, aside from videoconferencing, require various services. The MEC E-ICE is a complex composition of a significant number of services and various terminals that require very specific configuration and management. In this article, we focus on a model-driven approach to automating the organization of online meetings in their preparation, execution, and conclusion phases. We present a conceptual model of E-ICE-supported educational courses, introduce a taxonomy of online educational services, identify planes and modes of their operation, as well as discuss the most common collaboration patterns. The MEC E-ICE, which we present as a case study, is built in accordance with the presented, model-driven approach. MEC educational services are described in a way that allows for converting the declarative specification of E-ICE application models into platform-independent models, platform-specific models, and, finally, working sets of orchestrated service instances. Such approach both reduces the level of technical knowledge required from the end-users and considerably speeds up the construction of online educational collaboration environments.

PROTEST AMERICAN ENGLISH INFLUENCE OR PROTEST AGAINST IT? CHANGING PREPOSITIONS IN NIGERIAN TWITTER ENGLISH

According to Alo and Mesthrie (2008), Nigerian English (NigE) becomes increasingly more influenced by American English (AmE), due to contact with American-trained professionals among other factors (cf. Gut 2008, Jowitt 1991). The online micro-blogging service Twitter offers potential communication with a vast number of English natives around the globe, using English in a vernacular usage domain, among other domains (or genres such as a news tweet vs a private tweet). With its foundation in 2006, Twitter is a new communication technology, which may indicate that it is used predominantly by “younger” urban people, and which may influence linguistic choices. The question I attempt to answer is whether Twitter influences NigE such that the British English (BrE) heritage of the country is contested by AmE influence. In this paper, I focus on the usage of prepositions and orthographic realizations of lemmata ending in -o(u)r, which can be categorized as BrE and AmE origin, respectively, in a NigE Twitter Corpus compiled in 2016-17 (13 mill. words). These features’ frequencies are contrasted with those of the Nigerian component of GloWbE (Davies 2013). Results from chi-squared tests suggest that AmE prepositions increasingly enter NigE Twitter discourse. Differences in spelling tend towards American English, but are not statistically significant. The only exception is the lemma labour, which is more often used in its British English spelling variant (χ2 = 26.30; df = 1; p one-tailed < 0.001).

Defining digital addiction: Key features from the literature

Within recent years there has been increasing societal concern around the compulsive and excessive use of digital and Internet-enabled devices, such as the use of social media or online video gaming, and associated psychological and physical harms. However, problematic use or addictive behaviours are not yet included as diagnosable mental health issues in any major diagnostic system in Western countries and the conceptualisations of the phenomena are still inconsistent. To address this issue, the present study reviewed the current conceptualisations of digital addiction used within the research literature and identified common features of the definition of digital addiction. Definitions of the phenomenon were extracted from 47 studies, and they were analysed using a content analysis approach. The initial process assessed definitions for features of digital addiction within Internet, gaming and smartphone addiction. Two higher-order themes were identified, which focused on the harm caused by the phenomenon and on the user?s behaviours associated with the phenomenon. It was also found that key constructs are not specific to the usage domain, i.e. whether it is related to gaming, Internet or smartphone use. Several core features were found across different conceptualisations of digital addiction within the literature; however, it was also noted that some features are subjective and inconsistently applied. If a decision is to be reached on whether the phenomenon is a mental health disorder, then clearer definitions must be created.

Continuous slow dynamic slope approach for stationary base internal combustion engine mapping

Engine control optimization, with its always growing complexity, is in permanent focus of engine researchers and developers all over the world. Automotive engines are dominantly used in dynamic conditions, but generally, steadystate operating points are used for building up mathematical models which are later subject to the numerical optimization. For this purpose, a large amount of steadystate regimes needs to be evaluated through experimental work at the engine test stand, which is an extremely time and funds consuming process. Consequently, the methodology for data gathering during engine dynamic excitation could lead to significant savings at the expense of acceptable data accuracy loss. The slow dynamic slope method starting from a stationary operating point was evaluated by several authors in the past. In this paper, slow dynamic slope method with exclusively transient excitation will be presented drawing attention to some of its advantages and drawbacks. The rate of change of engine load as a main control parameter during dynamic test is of great importance for the quality of the final data and for total test duration. In this regard, several tests of different duration were applied for fixed engine speed values to cover engine speed-load usage domain. An approximation of stationary testing results obtained in this way could be used for evaluation of the map gradients and thus as a guide-line for additional stationary tests based on design of experiment method.

Personalised Formwork – scientific approach for new solution variants

Application of personalised formwork is of most interest for architects and engineers now-a-days. Although a required demand when designing special constructions, there is little data and material solutions for this case. The cost and domain of application are of most importance in determining new solutions for concrete formworks. To contribute to these requests (a wider usage domain, productive material cost and maintenance), a personalised formwork concept is presented. The idea of reusing the formwork led to an elastic material – membrane (thermoset elastomers, synthetic rubber) with a punching tie-rod solution in order to obtain any architectural shape desired. This first solution was evaluated taking into account different membrane thicknesses. Several experimental tests denoted that the named chosen membrane variants are of low resistance for pouring a concrete architectural slab, so new solutions were discussed. Hence, a re-analysis of the PLM steps was achieved in order to find an answer for the encountered problem. By using creative methods, we obtained a second solution and put it to test. The attained results are used in order to establish the area of workability, to enlarge the tested domain and to assess the sustainability of a new type of personalised formwork

VALLOUREC VM 125 13Cr SS

Abstract Vallourec VM 125 13Cr SS is a 13Cr super martensitic steel for use in oil country tubular goods as a material suitable for sour service. The CY version offers corrosion and SCC resistance on a greater usage domain than API L80-13Cr in terms of temperature and chloride content. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming. Filing Code: SS-1254. Producer or source: Vallourec USA Corporation.

VALLOUREC VM 110 13Cr SSCY

Abstract Vallourec VM 110 13Cr SSCY is a 13Cr super martensitic steel for use in oil country tubular goods as a material suitable for sour service. The CY version offers corrosion and SCC resistance on a greater usage domain than API L80-13Cr in terms of temperature, H2S, and chloride content. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming. Filing Code: SS-1251. Producer or source: Vallourec USA Corporation.

Evaluation of Meta-Heuristic Algorithms for Stable Feature Selection

Now a days, developing the science and technology and technology tools, the ability of reviewing and saving the important data has been provided. It is needed to have knowledge for searching the data to reach the necessary useful results. Data mining is searching for big data sources automatically to find patterns and dependencies which are not done by simple statistical analysis. The scope is to study the predictive role and usage domain of data mining in medical science and suggesting a frame for creating, assessing and exploiting the data mining patterns in this field. As it has been found out from previous researches that assessing methods can not be used to specify the data discrepancies, our suggestion is a new approach for assessing the data similarities to find out the relations between the variation in data and stability in selection. Therefore we have chosen meta heuristic methods to be able to choose the best and the stable algorithms among a set of algorithms.

Исследование методик определения констант поляризованной пьезокерамики

Amplitude-frequency characteristics of the piezoceramic elements in the forms of a thin plate and a rod are studied through ANSYS program. Resonance and antiresonance frequencies of the first two disk radial modes, the thickness mode of the thin plate, and the axial mode of the rectangular cross-section long rod are measured. The numerical results are compared to the known determination techniques of the elastic S ij , piezoelectric d ij, and dielectric ε ij constants of the piezoelectric materials. The improved procedure for determining elasticity constant S E 13 on one specimen of only radial disk oscillations is suggested and substantiated. The method is based upon the relationships between the elastic constants of piezoceramics and the dispersion of longitudinal waves. The new method usage domain is studied. As compared to the known techniques, the proposed method facilitates the measure procedure and allows determining the elastic constant with the extended precision. A fundamentally new technique of measuring resonant and antiresonant frequencies of piezoelements with losses is developed for defining a full range of material constants of ideal elements without losses according to the Russian branch standards and the Institute of Radio Engineers (USA) standards for piezoelectric crystals.

Development of the Neighbourhood Green Space Tool (NGST)

Use of urban green space can confer a range of health benefits, but is thought to be quality dependent. Existing methods of quality assessment might not be appropriate for ‘neighbourhood’ green space as there are functional differences between these small sites that tend to serve only local residents and larger sites that people travel to visit. Our aim was to develop a simple tool to characterise quality of neighbourhood green space. The study setting was Stoke-on-Trent, UK. Using an existing measure as a template, the tool was developed through: (i) focus groups (n=35) and piloting; (ii) surveys (n=635) to finalise items and composite domains, and to determine domain weights that reflected their relative importance; and (iii) testing in 28 sites (mean area 3.0±2.0ha) for feasibility and inter-rater reliability using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). The 36-item Neighbourhood Green Space Tool (NGST) comprised an overall Usage domain and five domains with respective weights: Accessibility 18.0%; Recreational facilities 16.0%; Amenities 22.0%; Natural features 20.0%; and Incivilities 24.0%. Average time for site assessment indicated high feasibility (11.1±3.8min). Reliability was moderate-good for individual domains (ICC=.575–.948, all p<.001) and overall green space quality scores (ICC=.727, p<.001). The NGST demonstrated good feasibility and moderate-good reliability for quality assessment of neighbourhood urban green space. The survey component should be repeated in children and young people to explore differences in preference and subsequent domain weights. Quality should ultimately be validated against level and nature of use.

OPTICS on Sequential Data: Experiments and Test Results

The Web has enormous, various and knowledgeable data for data mining research. Clustering web usage data is useful to discover interesting patterns pertaining to user traversals, behaviour and their usage characteristics. Moreover, users accesses web pages in an order in which they are interested and hence incorporating sequence nature of their usage is crucial for clustering web transactions. In this paper we present OPTICS (Ordering Points To Identify the Clustering Structure) algorithm to find density based clusters on a web usage data on MSNBC.COM website which is a free news data website with so different categories of news).The clusters are generated by OPTICS algorithm . The average of inter cluster and intra cluster are Calculated. the results are compared with different similarity measures like Euclidean , Jaccard, projected Euclidean, cosine and fuzzy similarity Finally showed behavior of clusters that made by OPTICS algorithm on a sequential data in a web usage domain. we performed a variety of experiments in the context of density based clustering , quantify our results by the way of explanation s and list conclusions.

Survey of coordination mechanisms in wireless sensor and actor network

Coordination mechanism is a highlighted topic of Wireless Sensor and Actor Network (WSAN) in recent years. The characteristics and design requirements for network architecture of WSAN were summarized;the research challenges and principal solutions of several coordination mechanisms between the sensor and the actor for saving energy consumption or obtaining high reliability were descibed;the problems of usage domain overlapping,reliability and event ordering were analyzed. Finally,some future research problems were pointed out primarily.