Northeastern United States Research Articles

Evaluating the Perceived Value of Holistic Certification Among Nurses: A Descriptive Survey Study.

Purpose: Specialty nursing certifications serve as a validation of nursing knowledge in specific areas. Holistic nursing emphasizes comprehensive patient care and incorporates complementary alternative modalities (CAM) into daily care. Despite its significance, limited research has evaluated the perceived value of holistic nursing certification among nurses. Study Design: Descriptive survey design. Methods: The Likert-scale survey Perceived Value of Certification (PVCT)-12 Tool was given to holistic certified and non-certified nurses at a large, academic Magnet hospital in the northeast United States from 10/2022 to 2/2023. Additionally, non-certified nurses were asked to select the top three barriers to certification from a list of nine. The responses between certified and non-certified nurses were compared using the Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, or Student's t-test as appropriate. Findings: A total of 59 nurses (25 certified, 34 non-certified) met inclusion criteria. Ninety-six percent of certified nurses versus 64.7% of non-certified nurses agreed that certification demonstrates a commitment to the nursing profession, p = 0.004, but, otherwise, responses to the PVCT-12 Tool were similar. Both groups felt certification was more strongly associated with intrinsic factors (e.g., sense of accomplishment) than extrinsic factors (e.g., salary). Conclusion: Nurses were consistent in their perceived value of holistic certification, regardless of their certification status.

Analysis of soft rot Pectobacteriaceae population diversity in US potato growing regions between 2015 and 2022.

Soft rot Pectobacteriaceae (SRP) bacteria are globally dispersed pathogens that cause significant economic loss in potato and other crops. Our understanding of the SRP species diversity has expanded in recent years due to advances and adoption of whole-genome sequence technologies. There are currently 34 recognized SRP species that belong to the Dickeya and Pectobacterium genera. We used whole-genome sequencing based analysis to describe the current distribution and epidemiology of SRP isolated from diseased potato samples obtained from commercial potato cropping systems in the United States. Our primary objectives in the present study were to: (1) identify the species of these SRP isolates recovered from potato samples across 14 states in the US, (2) describe the variation among SRP isolates from various US locations and track their temporal changes, and (3) evaluate the evolutionary relationships among these SRP isolates to deduce their source. We collected 118 SRP strains from diseased potato plants and tubers in 14 states between 2015 and 2022. We identified three Dickeya and eight Pectobacterium species from diseased potato samples. Dickeya dianthicola, Pectobacterium parmentieri, P. carotovorum, and P. versatile appeared to be the predominant species, constituting 83% of the isolates. Furthermore, all D. dianthicola strains studied here as well as 90% of US D. dianthicola isolates sequenced to date exhibit significant clonality. The prevalence of this specific group of D. dianthicola, temporally and geographically, aligns with the occurrence of blackleg and soft rot outbreaks in the northeastern US after 2014. The genomic diversity observed in P. parmentieri implies multiple introductions to the US from at least four distinct sources, earlier than the arrival of the predominant group of D. dianthicola. In contrast, P. carotovorum and P. versatile appear to be widespread, long-term endemic strains in the US.

Evaluating the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and chronic disease prevalence among food pantry users in the northeastern United States

Introduction: Fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption can be a protective factor for chronic diseases, but few studies have investigated the association between FV consumption and health risks for chronic disease in the context of the food and nutrition assistance system. The aim of this study was to assess the association between FV consumption and the prevalence of hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and body mass index (BMI) among food pantry users in small- to mid-sized metropolitan communities in the northeastern United States. Methods: We used data from three health surveys conducted among residents of communities in upstate New York to construct a predictive model of food pantry use. We then applied the model to a regional subset of SMART Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data collected in the northeastern United States to identify potential food pantry users. We examined the associations between FV intake and diabetes, hypertension, and BMI through univariate and multivariate logistic and linear regressions. Additionally, we investigated food pantry use as a potential modifier of these associations. Results: The analysis dataset included 5,257 respondents, of which 634 individuals (12.06%) were estimated to be food pantry users. Vegetables consumption was associated with decreased odds of hypertension and lower BMI, regardless of food pantry use. Fruits consumption was associated with decreased odds of diabetes regardless of food pantry use. The association between fruit consumption and BMI was modified by the use of food pantry. Among food pantry users, consumption of fruits was associated with a higher BMI, while among food pantry non-users, it was associated with a lower BMI. Conclusion: The overall protective effect of increased FV consumption on chronic disease risks suggest that increasing FV availability in food pantries may not only alleviate hunger but also contribute to better health. Further research is needed to elucidate what is driving the discrepant association between fruit consumption and BMI among food pantry users and non-users.

Evaluating neurosurgical society award recipients: An analysis of awardee characteristics with respect to gender, race, education, geographic location, and neurosurgical society

IntroductionProfessional society awards can substantially impact career trajectory of awardees in neurosurgery. Past studies have discussed the demographics of neurosurgery conference awardees in terms of gender and professional experience; however, a full assessment of awardee qualities and characteristics has yet to be studied. ObjectiveThe goal of this study is to provide a comprehensive evaluation of neurosurgical society winners that focuses on gender, race, academic degrees, and institutional/geographic affiliation. MethodsData of awardees across 14 neurosurgical societies from 2019 to 2022 was recorded. Variables recorded include professional society, award classification, year won, age, gender, race and ethnicity, board certification status, MD graduation year, degrees obtained, awardee home institution location, h-index, and NIH-funding. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS. ResultsA total of 102 unique awards from 14 different societies between 2019 and 2022 were identified.Significantly more men (83 %) as compared to women (17 %) were awardees (p < 0.001). Awardees were significantly more likely to be Caucasian as compared to any other race (p < 0.001), and Caucasian awardees were more likely to be board certified and receive NIH funding. A higher proportion of male awardees had a PhD; however, the majority of all awardees were significantly more likely to not have a PhD or be board certified (p < 0.001). The majority of awardees were based in the Northeastern United States. ConclusionsAmong winners of neurosurgical society awards, significant differences exist with respect to gender, race, ethnicity, degree type, and geographic location. Future research endeavors are needed to explore the reason for why these differences exist to ultimately develop strategies that promote equal opportunities for all neurosurgeons.

“I’m trying to take the lead from my child”: experiences Parenting Young Nonbinary Children

BackgroundWhile research has emphasized the importance of parental support for LGBTQIA + youth wellbeing, there remains limited understanding of parental experiences with nonbinary children, particularly those prepubescent. This study aimed to explore how parents of nonbinary children ages 5–8 learn to support their child’s identity, examining initial reactions, emotional processes, supportive behaviors, societal responses, and associated challenges and rewards.MethodsA qualitative study was conducted using Reflexive Thematic Analysis (RTA) within a framework of ontological relativism and epistemological constructivism. Nine parents of nonbinary children aged 5–8 from the Northeastern United States participated in semi-structured interviews lasting 60–80 min. Questions explored various aspects of parenting nonbinary children, including the child’s gender identity, parental feelings, experiences sharing the child’s identity, and challenges and rewards of raising a gender-diverse child. The research team, comprising individuals who identify as trans, genderqueer, and nonbinary, employed collaborative coding and thematic development.ResultsFour main themes were constructed: (1) Parents hear and support their child’s nonbinary identity, this theme highlights immediate acceptance and efforts parents make to affirm their child’s gender; (2) Parents learn about ways cisnormative society harms their child, here, parents recognize the societal pressures and barriers their children face; (3) Parents take significant and proactive steps to affirm their child, this theme documents the actions parents take to support their child in environments that invalidate their identity; and (4) Gender is just one aspect of who my child is, this theme reflects on parental insights of gender as just one part of their child’s overall personhood.ConclusionsThis study provides insights into the experiences of parents supporting young nonbinary children, emphasizing the importance of affirming expressed identity, the parent-child relationship, and proactive support in navigating cisnormative societal structures. Findings highlight the transformative experience of parenting nonbinary children, with parents often challenging their own preconceptions of gender and coming to more nuanced understandings. These results can inform supportive interventions and policies for nonbinary children and their families, and we hope to contribute to a growing body of research that shifts narratives towards joy, resilience, and community in trans and nonbinary experiences.

Unveiling spatio-temporal mysteries: A quest to decode India's Dengue and Malaria trend (2003-2022)

Dengue and malaria are two mosquito-borne diseases that are dangerous globally, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. In India, these two diseases pose severe health issues as they account for 74.37 % of the total vector-borne disease burden in the country. The present study examined the spatio-temporal patterns of prevalence of dengue and malaria across all states in India. Data related to epidemiological statistics were obtained from the Central Bureau of Health Intelligence (CBHI) and the National Vector Borne Disease Control Program (NVBDCP) for 2003–2017 and 2018–2022, respectively. In this study, we have utilized the Mann-Kendall test, Modified Mann-Kendall test, Sens's slope, Innovative trend analysis, and Percent Bias for trend analysis. Furthermore, a hotspot analysis was conducted to compare and examine the evolving patterns of these diseases over space and time. The Mann-Kendall test showed a significant increase in dengue cases throughout India, with Sen's slope showing the fastest growth in Punjab. West Bengal exhibited the most significant ITA slope increase. The PBIAS slope showed a gradual rise from the southern to the northern and north-eastern states. Mann-Kendall results indicated a statistically significant decline in malaria cases, dropping mostly in Odisha, followed by the northern, southern, and north-eastern states. Only Mizoram displayed an insignificant upward trend in malaria cases. Hotspot analysis revealed that dengue fever hotspots expanded in India's central, western, and northern regions, affecting 66.72 % of the country, whereas significant coldspots remain unchanged. Malaria hotspots covered 47.46 % of north-eastern, eastern coastal, and northern areas, while coldspots almost remained unchanged. This study provides valuable insights for health authorities to prioritize and identify the regions that need immediate intervention regarding these two mosquito-borne diseases.

Evaluation of phytochemical, trace metals content, antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of Bonnaya Ruellioides (Colsm.) Spreng: An ethnomedicinal plant of North Eastern India

Bonnaya ruellioides (Colsm.) Spreng is an ethnomedicinal plant widely found in Manipur, a northeastern state of India and it belongs to the Linderniaceae family. The study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical content, trace metals, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of this ethnomedicinal plant in various extracts including chloroform, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water extracts. Phytochemical analysis was done using standard protocols, trace metals content by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS), antioxidant by DPPH, Reducing Power and ABTS assay. Antimicrobial activity of the plant was also determined by Zone of Inhibition (ZOI) assay. Phytochemicals such as phenol, saponin, flavonoid, alkaloid, and terpenoid were detected in the water extract, whereas tannin, glycoside, flavonoid, steroid, alkaloid, and terpenoid were found in the plant extracts of petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. Trace elements detection using AAS revealed the presence of Fe (0.298 ± 0.011 mg/g), Zn (0.083 ± 0.003 mg/g), Cu (0.024 ± 0.002 mg/g) and Mn (0.014 ± 0.002 mg/g) in the plant. Further, evaluation of antioxidant activity using DPPH scavenging assay in chloroform and methanol extracts recorded 411.59 ±2.62 IC50 (μg/mL ± SD) and 80.96 ± 0.68 IC50 (μg/mL ± SD) respectively. Reducing power activity of the chloroform and methanol extracts showed 249.27 ± 1.48 μM FeSO4/mg sample and 44.55 ± 0.47 μM FeSO4/mg sample, respectively, and for ABTS assay, 281.82 ± 2.19 TEAC/g dw and 168.65 ± 2.06 TEAC/g dw are recorded respectively. The antimicrobial study of the chloroform and petroleum ether extracts showed negative results for all the selected pathogens of bacterial and fungal strains. At the same time, the methanol extract showed positive for bacterial strains including Micrococcus luteus (17.50 ±0.54) mm and Escherichia coli (15.0 ± 2.0) mm, while negative for all the fungal strains. The results of the study demonstrated for the first time that B. ruellioides plant has notable phytochemical, essential trace metals, promising antioxidant and antimicrobial capacity. Thus, the findings of our study will contribute a scientific insight into the therapeutic applications of this ethnomedicinal plant in folklore medicines and enable the prediction of further applications in drug development.

The effects of substance use on non-communicable diseases among older adults aged 60 and above in the North-eastern States of India.

The North-eastern region of India has a relatively higher prevalence of substance use, which together with poor dietary practices and a lack of physical activity is one of the key risk factors for NCDs among older adults in the region. Understanding the prevalence of NCDs and their relationship to substance use can help develop preventive strategies and sensitization in North-eastern India. To assess the prevalence of NCDs and the strength of the association of substance abuse among the geriatric population of North-eastern states in India, for the development of preventive strategies. Data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI Wave-I, 2017-18) were drawn to develop this paper. The bi-variate and binary logistic regression analyses were carried out to predict the association between non-communicable diseases and substance use adjusting select socio-demographic characteristics. The paper revealed the prevalence of NCDs among urban people (61.45%) is higher than among rural people (42.45%). Hypertension (37.29%) can be seen as the most prevalent disease among the following given NCDs followed by Diabetes (8.94%). The chances of having Cancer are nineteen times higher (OR = 19.8; C.I. = 18.82-20.83) if an individual has past smoking behaviour after controlling for socio-demographic and physical activity variables. Since, the high prevalence of hypertension correlated with the high level of substance abuse, require immediate attention to develop appropriate intervention strategies for its control (substance abuse) and prevention of hypertension. In a lower middle-income country like India, preventive measures, rather than curative measures will be cost-effective and helpful.

Linking Interprofessional Community Health Experiences With Nursing Education: 15 Years and Counting.

Ensuring that nurses and other health care professionals are trained to work together in teams is critical. Recent literature describes interprofessional education (IPE) programs that meet community health needs. However, there is a need for descriptions of IPE programs embedded in the communities they serve. Bridging the Gaps (BTG) is a collaboration between academic health institutions/universities and community organizations in the northeastern United States. BTG links IPE with the provision of health-related services for under resourced communities. This article describes the development of one BTG Community Health Internship Program (BTG CHIP) affiliate site (BTG, Lehigh Valley). Since inception, 114 interns completed the program as part of BTG CHIP, Lehigh Valley, for a total of 3192days of service provided to the community. BTG CHIP, Lehigh Valley, serves as a case study for establishing similar community-based IPE programs. This article describes challenges, opportunities, and replication strategies.

Teacher Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Burnout: The Mediating Roles of Interpersonal Mindfulness in Teaching and Emotion Regulation

This study examined the relationships among teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs, interpersonal mindfulness, emotion regulation, and burnout, with the intention of exploring the mediating roles of interpersonal mindfulness and emotion regulation. A total of 224 elementary school teachers from 36 elementary schools in a high-poverty, inner city setting in the Northeastern United States participated voluntarily in the study. Correlation and path analyses were conducted to analyze the data. The results of the study showed that teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs, interpersonal mindfulness, emotion regulation, and burnout were significantly related to each other. The results also showed that teachers’ interpersonal mindfulness and expressive suppression served as crucial mediating pathways from self-efficacy to burnout; thereby should be considered among the inventory of psychological resources that protect teachers against burnout.

Perceptions of Care and Perceived Discrimination: A Qualitative Assessment of Adults Living with Sickle Cell Disease.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a major public health concern with significant associated economic costs. Although the disease affects all ethnic groups, about 90% of individuals living with sickle cell disease in the USA are Black/African American. The purpose of this study was to assess the health care discrimination experiences of adults living with SCD and the quality of the relationship with their health care providers. We conducted six focus groups from October 2018 to March 2019 with individuals receiving care at a specialized adult sickle cell program outpatient clinic at a private, nonprofit tertiary medical center and teaching hospital in the northeastern USA. The sample of 18 participants consisted of groups divided by gender and current use, past use, or never having taken hydroxyurea. Ten (56%) participants were males; most were Black/African American (83%) and had an average age of 39.4years. This study reports a qualitative, thematic analysis of two of 14 areas assessed by a larger study: experiences of discrimination and relationships with providers. Participants described experiences of bias related to their diagnosis of SCD as well as their race, and often felt stereotyped as "drug-seeking." They also identified lack of understanding about SCD and poor communication as problematic and leading to delays in care. Finally, participants provided recommendations on how to address issues of discrimination.

Wind Speed Shear Exponent: Effects of Sea Surface Roughness in Terms of Spectral Bandwidth

Abstract This note presents results on the wind speed shear exponent demonstrating the effects of the sea surface roughness in terms of the spectral bandwidth of ocean surface waves. The wind speed shear exponent is obtained by combining the logarithmic mean wind speed profile and the power law mean wind speed profile containing the sea surface roughness as a parameter, as used by Viselli et al. (2022, “LiDAR Measurements of Wind Shear Exponents and Turbulence Intensity Offshore the Northeast United States,” ASME J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng., 144(4), p. 042001). In the present article, the sea surface roughness is given in terms of the spectral bandwidth as presented by Zhao and Li (2024, “Dependence of Drag Coefficient on the Spectral Width of Ocean Waves,” J. Oceanogr., 80(2), pp. 129–143). Examples of results representing realistic wave conditions are provided. The results should be useful demonstrating how the wind speed shear exponent can be estimated using the spectral bandwidth, which is a frequently used parameter to characterize wave conditions.

The Relationship between Extreme Precipitation and Damaging Floods in the Northeastern United States

Abstract The northeastern United States has experienced an increase in extreme precipitation over the last three decades, which has substantial implications for flooding. However, the relationship between extreme precipitation and societally relevant flooding in the Northeast is not well understood. Here, we investigate the association between precipitation, antecedent wetness, and damage-producing warm-season (June–November) flood reports in the Northeast, 1996–2020. We employ 4-km gridded daily precipitation data aggregated to the county scale to calculate 1- and 3-day precipitation and a standardized precipitation index at multiple time scales. From these, we determine extreme precipitation and extreme antecedent wetness thresholds to identify hydroclimatic extreme events and relate them to damaging flood occurrences from the NOAA Storm Events Database. We find that damaging floods frequently occur with relatively high precipitation and antecedent wetness, although there are exceptions in several counties. However, the majority (54%) of damaging floods are not associated with extreme precipitation or extreme antecedent wetness, and more than 90% of hydroclimatic extreme events are not associated with floods. We explore limitations to the definitions of extreme precipitation and extreme antecedent wetness by varying the threshold. Lower hydroclimatic extreme event thresholds not only have a greater likelihood of being associated with damaging floods but also have a greater number of hydroclimatic extreme events not associated with a damaging flood; the opposite holds for higher thresholds. We address these challenges by combining precipitation and antecedent wetness to identify coordinated thresholds that best capture damaging flooding in each county.

Integrating physics-based WRF atmospheric variables and machine learning algorithms to predict snowfall accumulation in Northeast United States

Accurate snowfall prediction is crucial for enhancing preparedness and resilience in the Northeast United States during winter weather events. This study introduces a novel approach that integrates Machine Learning (ML) models with atmospheric variables from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to improve snowfall forecasts in the region. The significance lies in bridging the gap between physics-based Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models and the versatility of ML models, offering a promising advancement in winter storm predictions. Atmospheric variables related to 32 winter storms simulated by WRF, were used to feed Random Forest (RF) and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithms to predict 24 h accumulations of snowfall using the National Snowfall Analysis (NSA) product as reference. The comprehensive results revealed that the integrated approach provided more accurate snowfall prediction than the WRF and Air Force Weather Agency (AFWA) diagnostic, but faced challenges in the precision estimated by under-dispersion of the results. The WRF/XGBoost reduced the RMSE by 10.34 %, whereas WRF/RF reduced RMSE by 9.72 %, compared to WRF/AFWA. Similarly, WRF/XGBoost and WRF/RF increased the correlation coefficient by 12 % and 11 %. The most important variables in both ML algorithms were liquid water equivalent precipitation (LWE), snow ratio, wet-bulb temperature, temperature, and humidity at different heights, pressure tendency and wind speed, validating their ability to discern crucial factors influencing snowfall. Specific cases highlight the integrated approach’s effectiveness in addressing challenges faced by traditional diagnostics, including LWE overestimation and warm temperature bias. However, limitations emerge in capturing storms characterized by anomalous atmospheric conditions and high snowfall values, most likely attributed to underrepresentation in the training data. By highlighting strengths and acknowledging limitations, this integrated approach holds the potential for improved snowfall prediction for future storms in the region compared to the traditional approach.

A Study On The Screening Of Congenital Heart Disease Using Pulse Oximetry In Asymptomatic Newborns Delivered In Tertiary Care Centre

Introduction: Congenital Heart Disease is the most common congenital abnormality in newborns and has been recognized as one of the leading causes of death in the first year of life. The global incidence of CHD is estimated at 8 per 1000 live births. Using pulse oximetry critical and many of the asymptomatic CHD can be identified in the immediate post natal period. This strategy will help in early identification and its intervention. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of pulse oximetry as a screening tool for detection of CHD in asymptomatic newborn. Methods: It was a Hospital based Cross sectional study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, in collaboration with the Department of Paediatrics, of a tertiary hospital in North Eastern State from May 2022 to April 2024. Results: The mean birth weights of the neonates were2.93±0.29 Kg and the mean gestational age was 37.74±1.56 weeks. 4% of all neonates screened with pulse oximetry showed positive result. Among them 4 (2%) neonate were diagnosed with CHD. Out of the 4 neonates diagnosed with CHD, 3 were diagnosed with VSD and 1 with PDA. Conclusion: Eight (8) i.e 4% of the neonates were screened with positive pulse oximetry and out of which four (4) were diagnosed with CHD. Proportion of neonates who were screened positive in pulse oximetry with positive echocardiographic findings were significantly higher than those who screened negative (p value &lt;0.001). Therefore, the pulse oximetry screening for detection of CHD among asymptomatic neonates in our study showed a moderate sensitivity (75%), high specificity (97.4%) and negative predictive value (99.47%) and a reasonably low positive predictive value (37.5%), respectively

A 561-yr (1461-2022 CE) summer temperature reconstruction for Mid-Atlantic-Northeast USA shows connections to volcanic forcing and atmospheric circulation

Contextualizing current increases in Northern Hemisphere temperatures is precluded by the short instrumental record of the past ca. 120 years and the dearth of temperature-sensitive proxy records, particularly at lower latitudes south of <50 °N. We develop a network of 29 blue intensity chronologies derived from tree rings of Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière and Picea rubens Sarg. trees distributed across the Mid-Atlantic and Northeast USA (MANE)—a region underrepresented by multi-centennial temperature records. We use this network to reconstruct mean March-September air temperatures back to 1461 CE based on a model that explains 62% of the instrumental temperature variance from 1901−1976 CE. Since 1998 CE, MANE summer temperatures are consistently the warmest within the context of the past 561 years exceeding the 1951−1980 mean of +1.3 °C. Cool summers across MANE were frequently volcanically forced, with significant (p<0.05) temperature departures associated with 80% of the largest tropical (n=13) and extratropical (n=15) eruptions since 1461 CE. Yet, we find that more of the identified cool events in the record were likely unforced by volcanism and either related to stochastic variability or atmospheric circulation via significant associations (p<0.05) to regional, coastal sea-surface temperatures, 500-hpa geopotential height, and 300-hpa meridional and zonal wind vectors. Expanding the MANE network to the west and south and combining it with existing temperature-sensitive proxies across North America is an important next step toward producing a gridded temperature reconstruction field for North America.

Nurse experiences and perspectives with missed nursing care during COVID-19: A qualitative study.

This study aimed to determine clinical nurse and nurse manager perspectives on missed nursing care (MNC) during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study utilized a qualitative exploratory descriptive design. Data were obtained through focus groups and virtual interviews. Purposive sampling was used to select nurse and nurse manager participants in COVID-19 units and the Emergency Department in one large healthcare organization in the northeastern United States of America. A total of 15 nurses and nurse managers participated in the study. Results revealed five categories: medication delivery, turning patients, double checks, communication and rapport, and patient surveillance. A variety of factors contributed to the perceptions and experiences of MNC of COVID-19 patients during the early stage of the pandemic. The COVID-19 crisis put additional and unparalleled pressure on a strained nursing workforce. Hospital leaders are responsible for ensuring their frontline nurses have the resources they need to feel supported in their roles regardless of the presenting circumstances. Nurse leaders should employ evidence-based strategies such as promoting and championing teamwork to support staff and reduce incidences of MNC during crises. Our current work may serve as a basis for informing future revisions of pre-pandemic measurement tools when applied in a pandemic-specific context. This manuscript adheres to the standards for reporting qualitative research (SRQR); a synthesis of recommendations. There was not patient or public contribution for this study.

Karnataka and India’s Silk Industry: A Comprehensive Analysis of Sericulture Dynamics

India is the second largest producer of silk with 36,453 MT (2022-23) after China and also the largest consumer of silk in the world. Asia is the main producer of silk in the world and produces over 95 per cent of the total global output. In India, mulberry silk is produced mainly in the states of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Jammu &amp; Kashmir and West Bengal, while the non-mulberry silks are produced in Jharkhand, Chattisgarh, Orissa and North-Eastern states. Much of silk exports earnings is from silk garments, silk carpets and silk wastes, which is about 1,773.38 crore Rs. in total in 2022–23. Mulberry is the largest contributor to the total raw silk production with the compound annual growth rate of 3.09 per cent at 1 per cent level of significance. Tasar silk production registered highest growth rate of 13.67 per cent at 1 per cent level of significance and Jharkhand is the major contributor of about 80 per cent for the total tasar silk production. Karnataka is the leading producer of mulberry silk whereas Assam is currently the largest producer of Vanya silk. Telangana registered a highest compound annual growth rate of 21.1 per cent at 1 per cent level of significance followed by Maharashtra (16.9%). Ramanagara is having highest area under mulberry (20804.56 hectares) followed by Chikkaballapura (20544.62 hectares) and Kolar (19907.79 hectares) in Karnataka.

Influence of Intensity of Pruning on Yield and Physico-Chemical

Khasi Mandarin orange is well suited in Arunachal Pradesh as well entire north eastern states of India. Besides the ample rainfall and good shun shine received in Arunachal Pradesh; its productivity is too low as compared national average. The negligence of orchards without proper management practices is the major cause of low productivity. In this regard canopy management play vital role for good yield. The requirement of pruning varies with species therefore, the present experiment was carried out to investigate the influence of pruning intensity on the yield and quality of Khasi mandarin fruit. The highest No. of fruits (245), and highest yield (12.24 T/ha) with T4-( Removal of dried &amp; diseased branches, thin shoots, water sprouts and selected laterals) while, highest average fruit weight (130 g), maximum fruit diameter (6.2 cm), maximum fruit length (5.6 cm) were noticed with T5-(T4+ Removal of selected leaders and formation of open centre canopy) and it was also observed lowest No of fruits, size and yield were recorded in control. Therefore, It is concluded from the result that T4 (Removal of dried &amp; diseased branches, thin shoots, water sprouts and selected laterals) is best practice of higher yield but T5 (T4+ Removal of selected leaders and formation of open centre canopy) is best practice for little lower yield than T4 but for good market quality fruits.

“You always worry about what other people think”: Experiences of antitrans stigma among trans youth and their siblings in the Northeastern United States.

“You always worry about what other people think”: Experiences of antitrans stigma among trans youth and their siblings in the Northeastern United States.