Urban Transport Structure Research Articles

Construction and Application of Intelligent Optimization Model of Urban Resource Management for Sustainable Development

Abstract In this paper, we first digitally design the urban management resource base and then construct a dynamic bargaining resource allocation model based on super-marginal analysis with corner point equilibrium and dynamic bargaining. In the context of sustainable development, an intelligent optimization model is used to analyze the problem of water resource allocation and optimize urban traffic infrastructure paths in order to achieve carbon reduction targets. Finally, six recommendations are made for optimizing and managing urban resources in the context of sustainable development. The results of the prioritization coefficients of each subarea are 0.186, 0.164, 0.153, 0.158, 0.153, 0.0769, and 0.111, respectively, and the results of the allocation of the optimal solution for the social objective, the optimal solution for the economic benefit, the optimal solution for the ecological benefit, and the optimal solution for the comprehensive benefit are very close to each other. In addition, the rates of water shortage for agricultural, industrial, and other uses. are 3.29%, 4.85%, 3.94%, 2.92%, and 3.87%, respectively. The variation range of the average passenger load factor and departure frequency under the carbon reduction target is between ±40%, the average vehicle area varies in the range of ±20%, and the variation range of the energy consumption factor and CO2 emission factor is -40%-0%. The intelligent optimization model for urban resource management proposed in this paper has practical significance for urban water resource planning and transportation structure optimization.

A multi-objective optimization model of urban passenger transportation structure under low-carbon orientation considering participating subjects.

The optimization of urban passenger transport structure can effectively save energy and reduce the carbon emission of transport. However, the carbon emission and energy consumption generated by the construction of transport projects are worthy of attention. In this paper, a multi-objective optimization model of urban passenger transport structure oriented to low carbon is proposed considering passenger, operator, and construction. The optimal solution of the model is obtained based on the NSGA-II algorithm, and the validity of the model is verified with a case of Qingdao. The optimal ratio of Qingdao passenger traffic structure considering only the passenger perspective (PS), considering the passenger and operator (POS), and considering the three parties together (POCS) is obtained, respectively. The results show that the optimal structures obtained by the PS, POS, and POCS models increase the public transport passenger share by 12.74%, 20.74%, and 23.70%, compared with the actual values. From both the supply and demand sides, there has been an increase in the passenger share of public transport. The POS model is more suitable for solving structural optimization problems that do not involve construction carbon emissions in the short term. The POCS model is more suitable for long-term comprehensive structural optimization problems. The results of the study provide a reference basis for optimizing the urban passenger transport structure.

Bicycle Sharing Travel Characteristics Analysis

The emergence of bicycle sharing has greatly impacted the urban transportation structure and residents' travel modes. The massive spatial-temporal data carried by it is of great significance for studying the characteristics of residents' slow travel and guiding the development of green transportation in cities. Through the analysis of Xiamen's bicycle sharing order data, this paper analyzes the riding characteristics of users and explores the urban functional elements that affect the use of bicycle sharing. This paper will use urban bicycle sharing data, Point of Interest (POI) data in internet maps, and population distribution data to carry out mining and analysis on the travel characteristics and spatial distribution features of bicycle sharing.

Research on Factors Influencing Bicycle Travel Behavior: Advances and Prospect

Increasing the share of bicycle travel can help optimize the current urban transport structure and promote the early realization of Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality goals. It is essential to explore the factors that influence bicycle travel behavior. in order to build a cycling-friendly environment and increase residents' willingness to ride. This article has reviewed and summarized the current situation and trends of bicycle travel behavior. research, influencing factors, modelling methods and modelling scales over the past 24 years. This study found that: (1) research in this area has been growing rapidly since 2007, with the US and China ranking as the top two countries in the world in terms of the number of articles published. (2) Socioeconomic, physical environment, built environment and road traffic factors have become the focuses of scholars' attention in examining the influence mechanism of bicycle travel behavior. (3) With the rise of bike-sharing, the application of bike-sharing GPS Spatio-temporal big data to research the influence factors of bicycle travel has become a hot topic. Its modeling methods and spatial scales of modeling are significantly different from those based on residential travel survey data. Finally, the limitations of the current research on the impact factors of bicycle travel behavior. are analyzed. In addition, it is pointed out that individual socio-economic attributes extraction under large samples and fine scales, subjective human perception factors analysis and cycling behavior. in the post-pandemic era in China are important research directions in this field.

Comprehensive evaluation model of the urban low-carbon passenger transportation structure based on DPSIR

Optimizing urban passenger transportation structure is an effective way to promote the low-carbon development of cities. Effective evaluation is an important basis for optimization. To improve the validity of the evaluation, a dual-criteria layer evaluation model of the urban low-carbon passenger transportation structure based on the Drive-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) model and life cycle theory is proposed. The Decision-making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method and the G1 method were combined to determine the subjective weight. The Criteria Importance Though Intercrieria Correlation (CRITIC) method and the Entropy method are used to determine the objective weight. The equilibrium weight, which reaches a compromise between the subjective weight and the objective weight through the idea of game theory, can be regarded as an optimal equilibrium based on the DEMATEL-G1 method and the CRITIC-Entropy method. The comprehensive value can be obtained based on the equilibrium weight. The validity of the model is verified by taking Qingdao as an example. The research results indicate that the structure of urban passenger transportation in terms of low carbon in Qingdao from 2015 to 2020 has improved significantly. The length of urban rail transit lines is the key influencing factor and the restricting factor for the optimization of urban passenger transportation structure in Qingdao. The evaluation results provide a reference basis for evaluating and optimizing the urban passenger transportation structure in large and medium-sized cities, especially in coastal and hilly cities.

Does the low-carbon city pilot policy achieve the synergistic effect of pollution and carbon reduction?

A scientific assessment of the synergistic effect of the low-carbon city pilot policy in reducing air pollution and carbon emissions is needed to promote carbon peak and carbon neutrality. This study applied the Spatial Durbin Model-Difference in Difference technique to investigate the synergistic effect of air pollution and carbon emission reduction through the implementation of the low-carbon city pilot policy. The main results are as follows. (1) A spatial phenomenon was observed, in which there was a coexistence of urban carbon emissions and air pollution agglomerations. The spatial characteristics of the “symbiotic” carbon emissions and air pollution agglomerations were revealed. (2) The low-carbon city policy significantly reduced CO2, SO2, and PM2.5 concentrations, and the effect of the “co-governance” of air pollution and carbon emission reduction was obvious. (3) There was a clear regional heterogeneity in the synergistic effect of air pollution and carbon emission reduction in low-carbon cities. A stronger incentive effect was apparent in central and western cities, resource-based cities, and key environmental protection cities. (4) To achieve a synergistic governance “sharing” situation, the transmission mechanism of the low-carbon city pilot policy was the reduction of total energy consumption, the promotion of industrial restructuring, the optimization of the factor endowment structure, and the continuous improvement of the urban transport structure and green innovation. Our results not only help advance the research on synergistic reduction of air pollution and carbon emissions, but also can be of interest to low-carbon city policy makers in China.

Research on energy saving and emission reduction of urban transportation under the concept of low-carbon life

In response to the national concept of green and low carbon, the carbon emission analysis and peak prediction of transportation in 20 cities were carried out by using the carbon emission calculation model based on residents’ travel, and the quantitative effects of various improvement measures were evaluated. The results show that the urban transport structure and residents' travel distance are positively correlated with the urban carbon emission intensity, and the urban transport carbon emission in China will reach the peak around 2023. Accelerating the application of new energy, optimizing the urban transport structure, building a green transport system, and optimizing the urban transport line network all have good emission reduction effects.

Study on the Equilibrium Discriminant Model of Urban Agglomeration Transport Supply and Demand Structure

In order to study the adaptability of urban agglomeration transport supply and demand structure, and to provide the basis for decision-makers when optimizing the structure of transport supply and demand in urban agglomeration, this paper proposed and verified a structure equilibrium theory on the basis of entropy theory. Firstly, based on the analysis of the influencing factors, an urban agglomeration transport demand structure model was established using entropy theory. Secondly, according to the actual passenger and freight turnover of urban agglomeration, a transport supply structure model was proposed with entropy theory. Then, by comparing the two entropy models, the equilibrium state of an urban agglomeration transport structure was analyzed. Finally, HuBaoOr urban agglomeration was taken as an example to verify the science and effectiveness of this discriminant model. The research in this paper lays a theoretical foundation for the achievement of urban agglomeration transport equilibrium structure and for realizing the best economic benefits and social benefits.

Energy-Efficiency Models of Sustainable Urban Transportation Structure Optimization

With the increasing numbers of cars and trips in cites, energy consumption and environmental pollution have become key problems of urban transport. In particular, the increasing use of private cars not only causes more energy consumption and produces more exhaust, but also makes the transportation structure unbalanced. Thus, a rationalized transport structure must be established and optimized to promote the sustainable development of urban transport. This paper presents some energy-efficiency models of sustainable urban transport structure optimization. Their objective functions are to minimize the energy consumption, and their constraints are carbon dioxide emission and traffic efficiency. The models were solved via the artificial fish swarm algorithm and used to optimize the urban transport structure of Harbin city in China. The results indicate that the models can not only guarantee the benefit of travelers and reduce the carbon emission, but also minimize energy consumption of the urban transportation.

A study on the activation plan of electric taxi in Seoul

Due to global warming, the reducing air pollution is an important policy issue in the metropolitan area. Since the road mobile pollutant is the probable reason for the air quality pollution, the electric vehicle expansion is one of the main strategies for sustainable transportation systems. The expanded distribution of electric taxis depends on the important task of securing the investment feasibility compared to the currently operating liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) taxis. One thing to note is that a validity analysis is required to secure the sustainability of the switch from LPG to electric taxis and for the effective distribution of investment resources.This study has diagnosed the implementation potential of electric taxis by analyzing the operating and charging behaviors of electric taxis from actual digital tachometer data which is consist of speed, driving distance, power usages of power train and by carrying out the feasibility study and environmental analysis for implementing electric taxis. It was found that the financial feasibility exists in converting private taxis to electric taxis, and the implementation potential is high. Moreover, the environmental analysis showed that socioeconomic benefits would be created with reduced air pollutants and CO2 from electric taxi operations.As a result of feasibility study, the implementation of electric taxis is feasible from both financial and environmental perspectives under the current subsidy situations. Thus, attempts for sustainable urban transportation structure should be supported by operating behaviors, charging infrastructure, regulations, policies, and battery technology for the promotion of electric taxis.

System dynamics of urban traffic based on its parking-related-states

The urban parking and the urban traffic systems are essential components of the overall urban transportation structure. The short-term interactions between these two systems can be highly significant and influential to their individual performance. The urban parking system, for example, can affect the searching-for-parking traffic, influencing not only overall travel speeds in the network (traffic performance), but also total driven distance (environmental conditions). In turn, the traffic performance can also affect the time drivers spend searching for parking, and ultimately, parking usage. In this study, we propose a methodology to model macroscopically such interactions and evaluate their effects on urban congestion.The model is built on a matrix describing how, over time, vehicles in an urban area transition from one parking-related state to another. With this model it is possible to estimate, based on the traffic and parking demand as well as the parking supply, the amount of vehicles searching for parking, the amount of vehicles driving on the network but not searching for parking, and the amount of vehicles parked at any given time. More importantly, it is also possible to estimate the total (or average) time spent and distance driven within each of these states. Based on that, the model can be used to design and evaluate different parking policies, to improve (or optimize) the performance of both systems.A simple numerical example is provided to show possible applications of this type. Parking policies such as increasing parking supply or shortening the maximum parking duration allowed (i.e., time controls) are tested, and their effects on traffic are estimated. The preliminary results show that time control policies can alleviate the parking-caused traffic issues without the need for providing additional parking facilities. Results also show that parking policies that intend to reduce traffic delay may, at the same time, increase the driven distance and cause negative externalities. Hence, caution must be exercised and multiple traffic metrics should be evaluated before selecting these policies.Overall, this paper shows how the system dynamics of urban traffic, based on its parking-related-states, can be used to efficiently evaluate the urban traffic and parking systems macroscopically. The proposed model can be used to estimate both, how parking availability can affect traffic performance (e.g., average time searching for parking, number of cars searching for parking); and how different traffic conditions (e.g., travel speed, density in the system) can affect drivers ability to find parking. Moreover, the proposed model can be used to study multiple strategies or scenarios for traffic operations and control, transportation planning, land use planning, or parking management and operations.

A Parking-state-based Transition Matrix of Traffic on Urban Networks

The urban parking and the urban traffic systems are essential components of the overall urban transportation structure. The short- term interactions between these two systems can be highly significant and influential to their individual performance. The urban parking system, for example, can affect the searching-for-parking traffic, influencing not only overall travel speeds in the network (traffic performance), but also total driven distance (environmental conditions). In turn, the traffic performance can also affect the time drivers spend searching for parking, and ultimately, parking usage. In this study, we propose a methodology to model macroscopically such interactions and evaluate their effects on urban congestion.The model is built on a transition matrix describing how, over time, vehicles in an urban area transition from one parking-related state to another. With this model it is possible to estimate, based on the traffic and parking demand as well as the parking supply, the amount of vehicles searching for parking, the amount of vehicles driving on the network but not searching for parking, and the amount of vehicles parked at any given time. More importantly, it is also possible to estimate the total (or average) time spent and distance driven within each of these states. Based on that, the model can be used to design and evaluate different parking policies, to improve (or optimize) the performance of both systems.A simple numerical example is provided to show possible applications of this type. Parking policies such as increasing parking supply or shortening the maximum parking duration allowed (i.e., time controls) are tested, and their effects on traffic are estimated. The preliminary results show that time control policies can alleviate the parking-caused traffic issues without the need for providing additional parking facilities. Results also show that parking policies that intend to reduce traffic delay may, at the same time, increase the driven distance and cause negative externalities. Hence, caution must be exercised and multiple traffic metrics should be evaluated before selecting these policies.Overall, this paper shows how a parking-state-based transition matrix, despite its simplicity, can be used to efficiently evaluate the urban traffic and parking systems macroscopically. The proposed model can be used to estimate both, how parking availability can affect traffic performance (e.g., average time searching for parking, number of cars searching for parking); and how different traffic conditions (e.g., travel speed, density in the system) can affect drivers ability to find parking. Moreover, the proposed model can be used to study multiple strategies or scenarios for traffic operations and control, transportation planning, land use planning, or parking management and operations.

National Economic Evaluation Model about Urban Public Transportation Structure Optimization

Public transportation structure optimization makes the contribution to the national economy and also pays the price for it. We established national economic evaluation model about urban public transportation structure optimization using mutually exclusive combination schemes. The research can give effective guidance on the optimal decision for combination schemes of different transportation structure.

China’s Urban Low-Carbon Transportation

At present, the development of China’s urban low-carbon transportation is lagging. This paper analyzed the status of carbon emissions of China's urban transportation, and pointed out that the main problems of China's urban low-carbon transportation were: high carbonation of the urban transportation structure, the unreasonableness of urban layout, the lagging management of low-carbon transportation, the lagging technology innovation of low-carbon transportation. Finally, based on the analysis of the problems, this paper put forward some measures for the development of China's urban low carbon transportation.

The Current Situation and Development Trend of Urban Public Transport Coordination Scheduling

From the perspective of urban public transportation structure changes and informatization, this paper analyzes the necessity of public transportation coordination managing. It also presents the history and current situation of the coordination managing from multimode operation organization perspective. The problems about single transport mode are analyzed. Based on data mining and the mode, strategy and decision support of coordination managing, this paper points out the development trend of public transportation coordination managing for the present and the future. The study also covers the study of public transport data from multiple sources to multiple topics, multi-dimensional data mining and the study of establishing compatible multi-way operation managing model with the main elements of the strategy and methodology. The paper proposes the researching direction of perfect public transport data, data storage and data mining analysis in the future and explores public transport intelligent dispatching model based on cloud service models in order to realize all kinds of dynamics,fine management of resources, and improvement of the efficiency of transportation organization.

Research on assessment methods for urban public transport development in China.

In recent years, with the rapid increase in urban population, the urban travel demands in Chinese cities have been increasing dramatically. As a result, developing comprehensive urban transport systems becomes an inevitable choice to meet the growing urban travel demands. In urban transport systems, public transport plays the leading role to promote sustainable urban development. This paper aims to establish an assessment index system for the development level of urban public transport consisting of a target layer, a criterion layer, and an index layer. Review on existing literature shows that methods used in evaluating urban public transport structure are dominantly qualitative. To overcome this shortcoming, fuzzy mathematics method is used for describing qualitative issues quantitatively, and AHP (analytic hierarchy process) is used to quantify expert's subjective judgment. The assessment model is established based on the fuzzy AHP. The weight of each index is determined through the AHP and the degree of membership of each index through the fuzzy assessment method to obtain the fuzzy synthetic assessment matrix. Finally, a case study is conducted to verify the rationality and practicability of the assessment system and the proposed assessment method.

System Dynamics Model of Shanghai Passenger Transportation Structure Evolution

Based on the data from a comprehensive transportation survey of Shanghai in 2004 and 2009, this paper analyzed the evolution of urban passenger transportation structure using the system dynamics approach. A system dynamics model of Shanghai passenger transportation structure evolution is proposed, which consists of setting modeling targets, establishing transportation system boundaries, causality analysis, establishing flow diagram, parameter estimation and model validation.

Bike Sharing System in Foshan: Planning & Practice

Foshan bike sharing system has been planed in order to optimize the urban transportation structure, alleviate traffic jam and parking difficulty ,deal with the environmental pollution and so on,as well as to build a sustainable green traffic system.Through analysing the actual situation of the development of the bike sharing in Chancheng, Foshan,we have given the corresponding public bicycle station, bicycle lanes and operation management, and other aspects of the planning scheme.

Grey Correlation Analysis of the Impact of Rate on Urban Transport Structure

Taking the evaluation of the impact of access rates on urban transport structure as the study object, the impact of access rates on various modes of transportation was analyzed using the gray correlation which was a new evaluation method. The feasibility of adopting the traffic congestion pricing policy and the change of transport structure in Nanhai district of Foshan city were analyzed as a real case study. The results indicate that the implement of congestion pricing in Nanhai District of Foshan City, had little effect on the amount of car travel, but the improvement of the city's traffic structure is not obvious. Finally, some valuable suggestions on the optimization of traffic structure of Nanhai District of Foshan City were proposed.

A System Dynamics Model for Urban Low-Carbon Transport and Simulation in the City of Shanghai, China

Abstract Urban transport plays an important role in low-carbon eco-city and energy conservation and emission reduction in the transport sector. Urban low-carbon transport system is a complex dynamic system including society, economy, motor vehicles, cars, transport infrastructure and other factors. This paper analyzes the complex dynamics relationship through building an urban low-carbon transport system. Taking Shanghai as a case to simulate the urban low-carbon system, and the result suggests rapid increase of private cars is an important driver factor of carbon emissions. So, it is important to strengthen urban transport demand management and improve the urban transport structure in building urban low-carbon transport.