Urban Passenger Transport System Research Articles

Justification of key factors regarding the application of prospective ecological transport in the urban passenger transportation system

Research objective. Justification of the key factors that have an impact on the introduction of promising ecological transport in the system of urban passenger transport in order to improve the quality of transport services for passengers and improve ecology in densely populated cities. Materials and methods. To achieve the goal, the fuzzy Dematel method is used, which is based on graph theory and allows to classify all available factors that influence decision-making based on cause-and-effect relationships. Results. The eight key factors that form the transport project and the factors that have a significant impact on them are substantiated for the implementation of the transport project of the implementation of promising ecological passenger transport on urban routes into the transport system of urban passenger transportation. These include the level of development of modern transport technologies when transporting passengers on city routes and the availability of their support centers; the availability of financial programs for updating/restructuring the rolling stock fleet of the motor vehicle enterprise and the availability of the appropriate legal framework for preferential operation of electric passenger transport; rapid adaptation of the transport infrastructure of a modern city for the operation of ecological transport; compliance of ecological transport with the transport characteristics of the passenger transportation route; operational properties of a modern electric bus; the effect of relevant legislative initiatives regarding benefits for the purchase and costs of operating electric vehicles. Scientific novelty consists in identifying the interrelationships between the factors that form the transport project and the factors that have a significant influence on them, on the implementation of the transport project of the implementation of promising ecological passenger transport on urban routes into the transport system of urban passenger transport, which allows to estimate the possible economic costs of road transport enterprises carrying out passenger transportation. Practical significance lies in the determination of key factors that can be used for the implementation of a transport project for the use of promising ecological passenger transport in the system of urban passenger road transport

Improvement of urban passenger ground transport structure based on coordinated development of subsystems

Introduction. The high importance of the urban passenger transport complex as a system determining the level of socio-economic development of the urban area is formulated. One of the systemic problems of the passenger transport complex of modern cities is the decentralization of planning and management processes, which determines the structural imbalance of key subsystems. The results of a literary review are presented, during which the works devoted to improving the efficiency of the transport process, the process of providing energy resources and the process of maintaining rolling stock in good condition are considered. The necessity of developing a methodology ensuring the coordination of the state and functioning of key subsystems of the transport complex is noted. The purpose of scientific work is defined, the list of solved tasks is defined.Materials and methods. The structural scheme of the urban passenger transport complex is given, a conceptual approach to solving the problem of coordinated optimization of its key subsystems is described. The following are defined: the target indicator, the objective function and its limitations that determine the optimization process being implemented. A brief description of methods for determining and mutual coordination of structural parameters of subsystems forming the material basis of the transport complex is given.Results. Theoretical provisions reflecting a conceptual approach to ensuring the efficiency of urban transport systems based on the coordinated development of subsystems, based on the magnitude of the proposed integrated efficiency indicator, are presented. Based on the data obtained from the results of analytical studies and field experiments, a calculation was made that made it possible to determine the structural parameters of the subsystems of the urban passenger transport system of one of the cities, ensuring the maximum value of the efficiency of transport activities provided by structural coordination of the subsystems that make up the material basis of the urban passenger transport system.Discussion. The solution of the tasks set is reflected, indicators reflecting the achievement of the research goal are indicated, confirmation of the hypothesis about the possibility of improving the efficiency of the urban passenger transport complex through the implementation of conditions ensuring the coordinated development and interaction of key subsystems is formulated.Conclusion. A generalizing conclusion about the solution of an important scientific, methodological and applied task – to increase the efficiency of the passenger transportation process along urban passenger transport routes based on ensuring the coordinated development of the subsystems that make up its material base is formulated.

Optimization of fuel and energy infrastructure for urban ground passenger transport system

Introduction. The influence of urban passenger transport on the formation of a comfortable urban environment is indicated. The role and place of the fuel and energy supply infrastructure as one of the subsystems in the urban ground passenger transport system is determined. The results of the review of scientific works in the field of designing the infrastructure of fuel and energy supply are presented. The insufficient degree of development of methodological support forming the integrated development of subsystems of urban passenger transport is noted. The purpose of the study is formulated, the tasks are defined, the solution of which ensures its achievement.Materials and methods. A brief description of the methodology for determining the main technological parameters of the fuel and energy infrastructure of the urban ground passenger transport system is presented. The sequence of use of the presented calculation formulas is determined, the main hypothesis underlying the research is described. The expected results are described.Results. As intermediate results of the conducted research, the data and functional dependencies obtained in the process of performing the research part of the work are presented. These data provide practical implementation of the developed methodology and allow modeling of the parameters of the projected infrastructure. The dependencies obtained as a result of modeling and which are the basis for the development of optimization measures are given. Discussion. It is noted that the logistics approach implemented in the development of the presented methods allows us to determine the design parameters of the fuel and energy infrastructure as one of the subsystems of urban passenger transport, which ensures the coordinated development of the system based on the conditions for achieving maximum efficiency.Conclusion. As a generalizing conclusion, it is noted that the practical implementation of the developed methodology within the framework of an integrated system approach makes it possible to achieve the set goal – to increase the efficiency of the urban ground passenger transport system.

Modern issues of forming an assessment of the effectiveness of the functioning of public urban passenger transport systems

The article is devoted to the formation of an assessment of the effectiveness of the functioning of public urban passenger transport systems. The great potential of urban passenger transportation in maintaining the economic stability of the regions and the important social significance for the population substantiate the relevance of forming reliable estimates of the transportation process in the city. However, at present there are problems in the field of forming an assessment of the effectiveness of the functioning of public urban passenger transport systems. These problems do not allow the formation of sufficient and reliable evaluation indicators that would help to form timely corrective actions and sound management decisions. The article analyzes these problems and based on it, the requirements for evaluating the effectiveness of public urban passenger transport systems are compiled. Based on these requirements, an algorithm for forming a performance assessment model in the field under consideration has been formed. The results of the study can be useful both for specialists in the field of planning transport processes in the city, and as a theoretical basis for the formation of a methodology for assessing the effectiveness of the functioning of public urban passenger transport systems.

Подходы к формированию и оценке эффективности маршрутной сети на примере Нового Уренгоя

The relevance of optimizing the route network of public transport in Novy Urengoy is related to the annual increase in the length of urban routes, in particular due to the expansion of bus routes, and the uneven distribution of passenger traffic. The article refers to the methods for optimizing the public urban passenger transport system to meet the existing transport demand. The example of the development of a route network for Novy Urengoy have been used to performed the topology analysis of route tracing and the analysis of the cartogram of the city. Based on the results of the study, measures have been proposed to optimize the route network of public urban transport. The relevance of the present study is related to the use of algorithms and methods developed by the author to optimize transport systems while making research in the largest cities of the Russian Federation - Perm, Ekaterinburg, Samara, Kurgan, Yoshkar-Ola and Chita.

Razvitie sistemy gorodskogo passazhirskogo transporta i perekhod na brutto-kontrakty (chast' 2)

The urban passenger transport system plays an important role in ensuring the life of the metropolis, in solving a wide range of issues related to the problems of its formation and functioning. Ensuring and preserving the social, economic and political stability of life in any city of the Russian Federation largely depends on the efficiency of the functioning of the passenger 291 transport complex. The gross contract assumes the presence of an intermediary between the carrier and the passenger. In cities, the municipality is such an intermediary. In the second part, we will consider the risks of working under gross contracts and the conditions for minimizing them.

Razvitie sistemy gorodskogo passazhirskogo transporta i perekhod na brutto-kontrakty (chast' 1)

Urban passenger transport is one of the socially significant branches of the urban economy of any modern municipality, since it plays an important role in ensuring the quality of life of the urban population. The article discusses one of the current problems in the field of municipal economy the development of the urban passenger transport system.

OPTIMIZATION OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE FLEET OF TRACKLESS VEHICLES SERVING URBAN PASSENGER ROUTES BASED ON THE RESULTS OF MATHEMATICAL MODELING

The article analyzes scientific works aimed at improving the efficiency of urban passenger transport systems, its results are presented. The importance of the structural parameters of the rolling stock as an element determining the quality and efficiency of the transport process is noted. In terms of the development of existing developments, a set of methods is proposed that allow mathematical modeling of passenger flows of urban passenger transport routes and indicators of the efficiency of servicing these routes by a fleet with specified structural parameters. Based on the simulation results, the areas of effective use of various types of transport and categories of vehicles are determined. The obtained data can be used as initial information in determining the optimal structural parameters of the fleet of vehicles serving urban passenger routes.
 Purpose – improving the efficiency of the urban passenger transport complex on the basis of optimizing the structural parameters of the fleet of vehicles.
 Methodology: during the research, the following methods were used: theory of technical operation of cars; methods of technical and economic analysis; theory of operational properties of cars; probability theory; methods of mathematical analysis; theory of management of socio-technical systems.
 Results: a set of interrelated methods has been developed that allow to simulate passenger flows of urban passenger routes and determine key performance indicators for the operation of various modes of transport and categories of vehicles. The values of annual traffic volumes determining the areas of their effective application are determined.
 Practical implications: research and practical activities in the field of organization of public transport services by urban passenger public transport.

News of Transport Industry in November–December 2022

Our Journal publishes a selection of materials prepared based on news reports of the press centre of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation and dedicated to several significant events of the past two months and some results of the entire 2022. The information refers to implementation of the national project «Safe High-Quality Roads», supply of new rolling stock for urban public passenger transport systems, modernisation, and safety of roads in general and on tourist routes, the impact of implementation of the national project on assessment of quality and accessibility of roads by public opinions. The information also covers issues of introducing new intelligent transport systems in cities, new legislative regulation of taxi services, the work of the CIS Transport Coordination Meeting, and reconstruction of the border crossing between Russia and Azerbaijan. In terms of the activities of the transport education system, attention is drawn to the past competitions of transport universities.

Modular vehicle routing for combined passenger and freight transport

The continuous increase in urban deliveries and the ongoing urbanization of large cities require the development of efficient and sustainable transportation solutions. This study investigates the impact of modular vehicle concepts and the consolidation of different demand types in the route planning on the efficiency of the urban freight and passenger transportation system. Modularity is achieved by connecting multiple vehicles together to form a platoon. The consolidation of different demand types is realized by simultaneously consider passenger and freight demand in the optimization algorithm. The considered vehicles are specific for each demand type by can be connected freely, hence it is possible to transport different demand types in the same platoon. The cost terms in the problem formulation are comprised of travel time costs, travel distance costs, fleet size costs, and cost considering unserved requests. The modular vehicle operations are modeled in a novel pickup and delivery problem which is solved using CPLEX and Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search. In an extensive scenario study and case study in Stockholm, the potentials of the new modular vehicle type are explored for different spatial and temporal demand distributions. A parameter study on vehicle capacity, vehicle range and cost saving assumptions is performed to study their influence on the efficiency. The experiments carried out indicate a general cost savings of 48% due to modularity and an additional 9% due to consolidation. The reduction mainly stems from reduced operating costs and reduced trip duration, while the same number of requests can be served in all cases. Empty vehicle kilometers are reduced by more than 60% by consolidation and modularity. The proposed model and optimization framework can be used by companies and policy makers to identify required fleet sizes, optimal vehicle routes and cost savings.

AUTOMATED SYSTEM FOR OPTIMIZING THE MOVEMENT OF URBAN PASSENGER TRANSPORT USING GIS

Abstract. This article discusses the issue related to the prospects for the introduction of an automated control system for urban passenger transport in the city of Ust-Kamenogorsk, which includes: “Management of passenger transportation by road” on the 1C: Enterprise platform; assessment of the difficulty of communication by constructing an isochron; forecasting the need for the number of buses using fuzzy logic and sets; conclusion of the result in GIS, namely in the application “OckemenBus”.The initial stage of the system includes the task of systematization and storage of information about the urban passenger transport system using the 1C: Enterprise platform. It is also possible to store calculated information on transport performance indicators. To determine the quantitative indicators of assessing the accessibility of the center, isochronograms were calculated and constructed taking into account the movements of the city's population in all ways. The calculation of the isochronogram indicates the transport problems of growing neighborhoods located on the left bank of the Irtysh River, the city of Ust-Kamenogorsk. Further, using the theory of fuzzy logic and fuzzy sets, it is possible to make changes to the UPT movement scheme using the standard interface of the geoinformation system shell.It should be noted that the proposed model for optimizing the movement of urban passenger transport using the 1C platform, the construction of an isochronogram, the theory of fuzzy logic and fuzzy sets and GIS allows you to organize the work of urban passenger transport.

Geotechnical challenges and innovations in urban underground construction – The Klang Valley Mass Rapid Transit project

AbstractThe Klang Valley Mass Rapid Transit (KVMRT) project involves the construction of an urban passenger transport system, i.e., Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) system, together with the existing urban rail network, will form the backbone of the public transport system in the Greater Kuala Lumpur/Klang Valley region in Malaysia. The first MRT line implemented is the 47 km Kajang Line, of which 9.5 km is underground tunnels with seven underground stations. Construction of the line began on 8 July 2011 and achieved the full line opening on 17 July 2017. The second MRT line―Putrajaya Line―began fully operations on 16 March 2023, stretches from Sungai Buloh to Serdang and ends at Putrajaya for a length of 57.7 km, of which 13.5 km is underground tunnels with 10 new underground stations. Like all other metro underground stations/tunnels designed as part of the urban city, the KVMRT underground construction faces challenges from a technical (engineering design and construction) as well as social (environmental and land related) point of view. Needless to say, underground construction in Klang Valley is intensified with the inherent geotechnical challenges presented by complex ground conditions ranging from hard granite, heterogeneous Kenny Hill formation and extreme karstic limestone with fully developed weathered profiles to soft recent deposits including alluvium and mine tailing that is under‐consolidated in places due to past mining activities. The development of this large‐scale infrastructure project has not only opened up tremendous works and new frontier for tunnelling and geotechnical engineering in Malaysia, but it also provided a wealth of information of unique geotechnical challenges/accomplishments as well as technology breakthrough and design innovation in underground engineering. This article discusses some aspects of geotechnical challenges and interesting lessons learnt as well as numerous innovations embedded into this highly complex urban underground construction project.

Electrification transition and carbon emission reduction of urban passenger transportation systems—A case study of Shenzhen, China

Urban passenger transportation sector is one of the major contributors to carbon emissions due to motorization and urbanization. Electrification transition is crucial to achieving carbon mitigation. This study proposed a double substitution of vehicles and travel modes, analyzed the electrification transition mechanism, and aimed to establish a model using the system dynamics method to simulate travel mode, electrification transition process, and emission reduction effect of urban passenger transportation system in Shenzhen in different scenarios. Results indicated: (1) Electrification transition involves four phases, and there is a delay in travel modes substitution compared with vehicles substitution; (2) Electrification in Shenzhen generates a diversified travel mode dominated by public transport, whose share rate exceeds 70% in 2035; (3) Carbon emissions trends in different scenarios present inverted “V” shape, while emission levels are significantly different, ranging from 10.32Mt to 6.41Mt in 2035; (4) Integrated approach is superior to only a travel mode shift or clean vehicle strategy, decreasing total CO2 emissions from 7.8Mt in 2014 to 6.41Mt in 2035 and unit passenger emissions from 1.65 kg in 2010 to 0.49 kg in 2035. This study provides a good reference for achieving low-carbon urban passenger transportation during urbanization and the worldwide electrification transition of transportation systems.

Environmental performance of an urban passenger transport system and influencing factors: A case study of Tianjin, China

Environmental performance of an urban passenger transport system and influencing factors: A case study of Tianjin, China

МЕТОДИКА ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ИНТЕГРАЦИОННОЙ ПЛАТФОРМЫ ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ ТРАНСПОРТНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ НАЗЕМНОГО ГОРОДСКОГО ПАССАЖИРСКОГО ТРАНСПОРТА

The management system of surface urban passenger transport was analyzed, and a functional subsystem of the passenger transport integration platform was built. A mathematical model for evaluating the effectiveness of the subsystems included in the integration platform has been proposed. A typical physical architecture for the functioning of the subsystem of dispatcher control of mobile units has been proposed, services which can function based on this architecture have been determined. The set of equipment of the subsystem of dispatcher control of mobile units, which allows performing scenarios of the subsystem necessary for the correct organization of the integration platform of intelligent transport system of ground urban passenger transport, is proposed.

МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ГОРОДСКОГО ПАССАЖИРСКОГО ТРАНСПОРТА ПРИ ОБСЛУЖИВАНИИ НЕСТАЦИОНАРНЫХ ПАССАЖИРОПОТОКОВ

Based on the stochastic nature of passenger flows in the urban passenger transport system, there is a possibility of a local discrepancy between the carrying capacity of the fleet of vehicles assigned to the urban route and the demand for transport services. A mathematical model has been developed to determine the efficiency of the transport process with the given structural parameters of the fleet of vehicles and the given parameters of demand. The model served as the basis for the development of a methodology for optimizing the number of vehicles assigned to the routes of urban passenger transport. Based on the results of the survey of a sample of passenger routes of the city of Krasnodar, the data necessary for building the model were determined, the optimization problem was solved. The resulting effect allows us to make a conclusion about the expediency of implementing the results of the study.

ОПЫТ ВНЕДРЕНИЯ СИСТЕМ КООРДИНАЦИИ ДВИЖЕНИЯ ОБЩЕСТВЕННОГО ТРАНСПОРТА НА ПРИМЕРЕ ОРЛОВСКОЙ ГОРОДСКОЙ АГЛОМЕРАЦИИ

The authors of the article give examples of the practical implementation of an ecosystem that includes technological products for management, modeling and interactive interaction of participants in the urban passenger transportation system. the problems of their implementation are described, the architecture of the module that coordinates the work of public transport is developed, the results of the implementation of subsystems for coordinating the movement of route vehicles are presented, recommendations for the further development of the implemented subsystems are given.

Spatial temporal pattern analysis on on-demand cab services in urban areas using GIS

As an important component of the urban public passenger transportation system, cabs / taxi offers an all-weather, convenient, comfortable, and personalized travel services for the urban residents, as well as playing a key role in the urban passenger transportation development. Cab market has gained prominence over last 2-3 years in India, in the backdrop of entry of app based aggregators which has not only disrupted auto-rickshaw and traditional taxi market but also forced automotive Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) to revise their growth and marketing strategies. There is a randomness and lack of regularity of cab operation characteristics, to describe cab travel activity pattern. Inorder to plan and effectively manage on-demand cab services, and to improve better facility to public, there is a need to understand the underlying relationship between supply and demand. This study analyzed the urban cab location distribution characteristics from different temporal and spatial levels. In the time level, the difference with daily location and operation pattern (weekday versus weekends) is identified; in the space level, the cab location pattern over a space are explored. Cab coverage index and Standard deviation ellipse are the tools used in analysing the patterns over time and space frames. This research can be helpful for understanding urban cab behavior pattern, as well as the contribution to the geographical activity space analysis. GIS has been used as a supportive tool in the study

Визначення пристосованості автобусів до роботи на міських маршрутах пасажирських перевезень

One of the most important tasks of urban development in Ukraine today is to create a reliable, safe, economical and environmentally friendly system of urban passenger transport, which is focused on meeting the needs of each participant in the system. In the modern city, public transport is one of the most important sectors of the economy, therefore, the stable operation of the urban passenger transport system is considered to be of special social importance, which justifies the relevance of this study.The decline of passenger ATPs over the past ten to fifteen years has been caused by a lack of funds to support their proper functioning due to economic difficulties in the country, and the shortage of buses and the impossibility of replacing them has exacerbated the situation. All this contributed to the entry into the market of private carriers with a variety of rolling stock, mostly small capacity. At the same time, the most widespread was the transportation of passengers in the mode of route taxis without sufficient justification for the use of such an organization of work.The analysis of literature sources shows that the main indicators of the efficiency of passenger transportation are: the level of transport services, bus productivity and cost of transportation. All other things being equal, the level of transport service is determined by the cost of travel time and includes the time spent on: walking, waiting for the bus, travel, transfer and additional costs due to failure to board. The calculations showed that the choice of bus to work in the city, with other equivalent conditions, it is advisable to perform based on the characteristics of fuel economy. In connection with the more efficient use of fuel by larger buses, the question arises about the rational structure of urban passenger transport, which would take into account both the cost characteristics of transportation and the level of transport services.As a result of the research it was established that in the mode of a route taxi it is expedient to use buses with a total capacity of less than thirty passengers. The feasibility of using larger capacity buses for such transportation requires additional research in specific operating conditions.

Analyzing technical perfection of city electric buses of various types

Problem. Electric buses of various types are becoming increasingly used for passenger transport on urban routes in almost all European countries and in many countries in America and Asia, especially in China. However, in our country, in contrast to Belarus, Russia and some other countries of the former Soviet Union, city electric buses of two types have been undergoing operational tests for only a few years now. Goal. Determination and selection of the optimal type of city electric bus for the creation and organization of serial production of promising competitive electric buses at Ukrainian enterprises and their further operation on urban routes. Methodology. The choice of the type of perspective for domestic economic development systems of urban passenger transport systems is based on the analysis of technical parameters of city electric buses of different types, sketches of which are developed on the basis of maximum identity of their designs, and economic parameters of "city electric bus type. Results. Five variants of sketch designs of city electric buses of different types (ONC, ONC-T, ONC-V, OC-B and OC-S) were developed based on the assessment of design and operational parameters of electric buses and economic parameters of the system "city electric bus - necessary infrastructure". Originality. The method of the analysis of technical perfection of city electric buses of various types which sketch projects are developed on the basis of application of the principle "under other identical conditions", that is, maintenance of the maximum identity of their designs is offered. Practical value. The choice of the type of city electric bus for the design of promising competitive structures that are most suitable for use in urban passenger transport systems at this stage of economic development of Ukraine.