Визначення пристосованості автобусів до роботи на міських маршрутах пасажирських перевезень

Abstract

One of the most important tasks of urban development in Ukraine today is to create a reliable, safe, economical and environmentally friendly system of urban passenger transport, which is focused on meeting the needs of each participant in the system. In the modern city, public transport is one of the most important sectors of the economy, therefore, the stable operation of the urban passenger transport system is considered to be of special social importance, which justifies the relevance of this study.The decline of passenger ATPs over the past ten to fifteen years has been caused by a lack of funds to support their proper functioning due to economic difficulties in the country, and the shortage of buses and the impossibility of replacing them has exacerbated the situation. All this contributed to the entry into the market of private carriers with a variety of rolling stock, mostly small capacity. At the same time, the most widespread was the transportation of passengers in the mode of route taxis without sufficient justification for the use of such an organization of work.The analysis of literature sources shows that the main indicators of the efficiency of passenger transportation are: the level of transport services, bus productivity and cost of transportation. All other things being equal, the level of transport service is determined by the cost of travel time and includes the time spent on: walking, waiting for the bus, travel, transfer and additional costs due to failure to board. The calculations showed that the choice of bus to work in the city, with other equivalent conditions, it is advisable to perform based on the characteristics of fuel economy. In connection with the more efficient use of fuel by larger buses, the question arises about the rational structure of urban passenger transport, which would take into account both the cost characteristics of transportation and the level of transport services.As a result of the research it was established that in the mode of a route taxi it is expedient to use buses with a total capacity of less than thirty passengers. The feasibility of using larger capacity buses for such transportation requires additional research in specific operating conditions.