Urban Areas In Indonesia Research Articles

Peer support and healthy lifestyle among adolescents in urban areas in Indonesia

Unhealthy lifestyles among adolescents in urban areas are still a problem. Peers are role models in adolescent's lifestyle. However, little is known about the peer support in eating behavior, sedentary lifestyle and physical activities, which thus needs to be explored. This study aims to analyze the relationship between peer support and adolescent lifestyle. This study used a cross-sectional design with a sample size of 105 adolescents using proportional stratified random sampling. Data were collected by questionnaire. The Spearman rho test was performed to identify the relationship between peer support within a sedentary lifestyle and eating behavior, while to identify the relationship between peer support and physical activity using pearson, the level of significance was determined as p≤0.05. The results showed that there was a relationship between peer support and eating behavior (p=0.012; r=0.243) as well as adolescents' physical activity (p=0.001; r=0.324). There is no relationship between peer support and a sedentary lifestyle both on weekdays (p=0.181; r=0.131) and on weekends (p=0.735; r=0.033). The results show that peers have an important role in improving healthy lifestyle patterns in adolescents, especially in eating behavior and physical activity, so peer involvement interventions to improve healthy lifestyles in adolescents are recommended.

Sociodemographic Influence on the Management of Orofacial Cleft in Urban and Rural Indonesia.

To explore the social experiences of orofacial cleft patients and contextualize sociodemographic influence on management disparities in rural and urban areas of Indonesia. This study explores patients' lives in two demographical settings in South Sulawesi Province, Makassar and Selayar Islands Regency. It employs ethnography, including open-ended interviews and observations of patients, their neighborhoods, schools, and workplaces. Secondary data from the two regencies and South Sulawesi province are employed to demonstrate demographic disparities in patient care between urban and rural areas. Thematic content analysis was performed according to socio-demographical differences and networks involved in the management. This study engaged a diverse group of participants, including patients, family caregivers, medical team members, and patient peers (n = 40), primarily from middle to low-income families. Parents in both regions had limited knowledge about treatment modalities, which resulted in concerns regarding the safety of surgical procedures and the postponement of mandatory surgeries. In rural areas, patients faced significant financial burdens when referred to Makassar. In contrast to parents in Selayar, parents in Makassar prioritized more social interaction to ensure that their children attended school, college, and work. Patients in both settings reported facing various obstacles at different stages of their lives. Sociodemographic conditions contribute to disparities in treatment, social positioning, and self-perception. Promoting education about the safety of medical and rural surgical procedures is vital. Involving patients in public activities and providing support from family caregivers is paramount to nurturing patients' optimistic outlooks.

The effect of Islamic financial literacy on business performance with emphasis on the role of Islamic financial inclusion: case study in Indonesia

Purpose Recently, financial inclusion promoters have observed that financial literacy is a vital tool for financial inclusion growth, especially among the poor who are considered financially illiterate. The purpose of this paper is to look at the role of Islamic financial literacy (IFL) and inclusion in improving the performance of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia. Design/methodology/approach This study uses questionnaire data collected as many as 197 MSMEs. This study was analyzed using structural equation modeling approach to test the hypothesis. Findings The results show that IFL is an important variable to increase Islamic financial inclusion. The results also show that both have a significant influence in developing the MSME sector business. Research limitations/implications This research is not without limitations. This study only adopted a sample in one Province in Indonesia with focus on creative economy sector and some others sectors located in the province of Riau, therefore ignoring suburban and urban areas in Indonesia. Therefore, future studies using a cross-sectional research design are feasible. In addition, this study only uses quantitative data, so that qualitative research with key informant interviews can be considered for further research. Practical implications The findings of this study enlighten policymakers, managers of financial institutions and advocates of financial literacy and inclusion about the importance of improving the performance of MSMEs. As a policy recommendation, this study suggests that Islamic policy makers and financial institutions should play a proactive role in increasing service outreach and providing the regulatory environment needed for MSMEs given the important role MSMEs play in the Indonesian economy. Originality/value This study combines functional components (behaviors and attitudes) and nonfunctional measures (knowledge and skills) of financial literacy and financial inclusion in explaining the performance of MSMEs. Thus, this research is an initial effort to explain financial literacy and inclusion on the performance of MSMEs.

Urban-rural differences in food consumption and central obesity among middle-aged adults: A cross-sectional population study in Indonesia

Background: The prevalence of central obesity is increasing in many regions, including low- and middle-income countries. It has been identified that a poor diet has become a significant risk factor for central obesity. However, the relationship between diet and the prevalence of central obesity among rural and urban communities remains unclear in low- and middle-income countries. Aim: This study aimed to analyze the association of food consumption with central obesity among middle-aged adults (45–59 years) in urban and rural areas in Indonesia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using secondary data from a national survey (Indonesia Basic Health Survey) in Indonesia in 2018. A total of 154,449 subjects were analyzed for the study. We used the International Diabetes Federation to define central obesity. Food consumption was measured using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore the association between food consumption and central obesity. Results: Frequent consumption of refined desserts, fried food, processed food, and inadequate consumption of fruit was significantly associated with central obesity in urban and rural areas ( p < 0.05). In contrast, frequent consumption of seasoning and inadequate consumption of vegetables was significantly associated with central obesity only in rural areas ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: Food consumption has a different association with central obesity risk in rural and urban areas in Indonesia.

The Effectiveness of Pedestrian Crossing Bridges for Urban Areas in Indonesia Based on Crossing Times and Pedestrian Perspective

The use of pedestrian bridges is often ineffective as pedestrians tend to prefer crossing directly on the roadway, even though heavy traffic conditions increase the risk of accidents. This lowers the safety level of crossers and causes traffic problems. This study aims to evaluate the efficient use of pedestrian bridges and determine public perceptions of road crossing facilities. The research was conducted using geometric assessment and road performance evaluation methods that refer to the 2023 Indonesian Road Capacity Guidelines. In addition, crossing times were analyzed based on the traffic TCT distribution histogram, as well as pedestrian perceptions of crossing facilities. The evaluation results show that the effectiveness of road services falls into category A. Based on pedestrian perceptions, 60% of respondents prefer to cross directly on the roadway, with an average TCT of 1.2 m/sec. From the results of the CSI analysis, the level of respondents' satisfaction with the condition of the pedestrian bridge is 71.373%. Based on the results of the study, the use of pedestrian bridges will be effective in the next 15 years. Recommendations proposed to increase the effectiveness of the use of pedestrian bridges and the level of pedestrian safety is the use of guardrails.

Correlation Analysis between Walking Permeability and Walking Effort (Case Study Terminals in Bandung City)

Abstract Bandung was chosen as a pilot area for Indonesian Mass Transit (MASTRAN) project to increase urban mobility and accessibility. With this MASTRAN project, public transportation nodes should be accessible by all modes, one of which is walking. However, in urban areas in Indonesia, walking activities are still not an option. According to some studies, this is caused by the lack of walking infrastructure and environment feasibility. Therefore, the quality of pedestrian infrastructure and environment must be improved to make these public transportation nodes easy for pedestrians to reach. In this case, walking permeability and walking effort assessment are chosen as tools to assess the pedestrian walkability. By doing these assessments, it is found that Kiaracondong Station has the largest average WPDI and WPTI values with values of 1.48 and 1.90 respectively. In addition, it is found that The South Bandung Station has the biggest walking effort index which value is 1.66. By analyzing both assessments, it can be concluded that the increase of WPDI tends to increase WPTI. Besides, it also can be concluded that stations have higher time increments than bus terminals due to an increase in the distance required for pedestrian access to the main terminal entrance.

Analysis of maternal factors and food security with the incidence of stunting in children 0-59 months of age in Sungai Penuh City

The high incidence of stunting is the leading cause of death in children under five in the world. One of the urban areas in Indonesia that has experienced an increase in the prevalence of stunting is Sungai Penuh City. Stunting is caused by a long-term nutritional deficiency in the mother due to inadequate food supply due to low household food security, besides that stunting can also occur due to the reproductive condition of the mother who is not ready to conceive. This cross-sectional study aims to analyze maternal factors and food security that have the most influence on the incidence of stunting in toddlers aged 0-59 months in Sungai Penuh City using data from the 2022 Indonesian Nutrition Status Survey conducted in August-September 2022. The sample was 308 toddlers living in urban areas. The data were analyzed using descriptive non-parametric statistical tests with the Chi-square test and the Logistic Regression test. The results of this study prove that short maternal stature has a significant relationship with the incidence of stunting in toddlers (p<0.05), while chronic energy deficiency mothers, maternal age, and food security do not have a significant relationship with the incidence of stunting in toddlers in urban areas (p>0.05). Maternal short stature is an indicator of past chronic malnutrition and a major predictor of stunting in children under five.

Factors for Minimum Acceptable Diet Practice among 6–23-Month-Old Children in Rural and Urban Areas of Indonesia

Factors for Minimum Acceptable Diet Practice among 6–23-Month-Old Children in Rural and Urban Areas of Indonesia

Establishment of Reference Value of 20 Amino Acids for Toddlers by High Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry

BACKGROUND: Amino acids are one of the essential metabolites, especially the 20 amino acids that are preserved as the building blocks of protein. Alterations in amino acid concentrations are related to disease such as inborn error of metabolism, cancer, as well as nutritional status. Hence, it is necessary to define reference values of 20 plasma-free amino acids for Indonesian toddlers and to establish a robust measurement technique using chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (MS).METHODS: This study was a cross-sectional preliminary study to establish reference values. The sample was prepared by mixing plasma with 20% sulfosalicylic acid. Plasma-free amino acids were measured with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) non-derivatization technique using column XTerra for chromatographic separation coupled with tandem MS. Amino acids reference values were taken from 101 healthy Indonesian toddlers aged 1-3 years old. Since amino acids data were not Gaussian distributed, the lower and upper of the reference value was established from the 5th percentile and the 95th percentile, respectively.RESULTS: Analysis for 20 amino acids was validated. The accuracy ranged from 90.53-105.39% and the precision ranged from 0.06-3.80%. The limit of detection range was 1-2 nmol/mL, and the limit of quantification range was 2-4 nmol/mL. The result was linear, with R2 higher than 0.998. There was no significant difference between boys and girls for all amino acids except for glycine.CONCLUSION: HPLC with tandem MS method can be used to evaluate amino acids in clinical practice. The reference values obtained are specific for aged 1-3 years old from urban areas in Indonesia. The study suggests that for each population, the reference values for amino acids should be established.KEYWORDS: amino acids, high-performance liquid chromatography, tandem mass spectrometry, reference values, Indonesia

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Dengue Prevention Among Health Volunteers in an Urban Area - Malang, Indonesia.

The dengue prevention program known as "One House One Mosquito Larva Inspector" involves health volunteers who play a crucial role in the surveillance of mosquito larvae and reporting their findings to local public health officials. This study aimed to identify factors related to the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of dengue prevention behavior among these health volunteers. A study was conducted in 5 sub-districts in Malang, an urban area in Indonesia. We employed a cross-sectional design and utilized a semi-structured questionnaire to assess the KAP of 400 health volunteers. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that individuals with a more positive attitude (odds ratio [OR], 1.69; p<0.05) and those with family sizes greater than five persons (OR, 1.90; p<0.05) were more likely to engage in effective dengue prevention practices. Additionally, possesing good knowledge was significantly assocated with more positive attitude (OR, 2.24; p<0.001). Furthermore, 40% reduction in positive attitude was observed in those over 45 years (OR, 0.60; p<0.05). The best practices most frequently reported by the majority of respondents included always reporting their surveillance activities (75.8%) and cleaning the water container in the bathroom at least once a week (65.2%). However, only 52.2% of respondents regularly checked for mosquito larvae in their neighborhood. Sustainable promotion and training for the "One House One Mosquito Larva Inspector" initiative are necessary, particularly among young health volunteers, to improve dengue prevention behaviors both within their own homes and in the surrounding environment.

Good Environmental Governance Roles in Sustainable Solid Waste Management in Indonesia: A Review

Indonesia is an archipelagic country consisting of more than 17,500 islands. Urbanization and community agglomeration in urban areas in Indonesia are increasing the complexity of solid waste management in Indonesia. The old paradigm of 'collect-transport-disposal' waste management still occurs frequently in cities in Indonesia. This research is designed to be a systematic qualitative review. The relationships between good environmental governance and sustainable solid waste management are synthesized from a perspective of current conditions in Indonesia. The solution to sustainable waste management is generally carried out through well-organized waste management in an integrated manner from upstream to downstream with a 'cradle-to-grave' mindset, including the impacts that may arise therein. Implementing sustainable solid waste management requires commitment and support from all aspects of stakeholders. Good environmental governance is a comprehensive, dynamic, and complex concept that attempts to improve environmental conditions while promoting sustainable solid waste management. The results show that good environmental governance is very influential for sustainable solid waste management, but it still needs to be implemented optimally in Indonesia. Integration and synchronization of policies between the central government and local government must be further improved to implement good environmental governance.

Efisiensi dan Efektivitas Pengelolaan Sampah Organik dengan Komposting Skala Rumah Tangga di Kabupaten Buleleng

This study focuses on the analysis of domestic waste management in Buleleng Regency based on data from the National Waste Management Information System (SIPSN) managed by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. The background of this study is grounded on the necessity to comprehend the basic characteristics of waste in Buleleng and its challenges and solutions. Employing descriptive analysis and literature study methods, this research successfully maps the composition, quantity, and waste management methods in the regency. Results indicate that the composition of domestic waste is dominated by specific types and, compared to other urban areas in Indonesia, there are distinct characteristics in waste management in Buleleng. A brief conclusion from this study emphasizes the need for a more integrated and sustainable waste management strategy in Buleleng Regency.

Modeling the relationships among the driving factors of food waste in Indonesian city

Purpose: Food waste in cities has become a pressing issue not only in developed countries but also in developing countries like Indonesia. The main objectives of this study are to (1) identify the relationships among the driving factors of food waste in Indonesian cities by considering the perspective of food industry practitioners and academics and (2) model the relationships among the driving factors of food waste to reduce food waste in Indonesian cities.Design/methodology/approach: The driving factors of food waste were selected from literature reviews and corroborated using in-depth interviews with practitioners and academics. A combination of three methods comprising (1) Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL), (2) Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM), and Matrice d'Impacts Croisés Multiplication Appliqué un Classement (MICMAC) were used to construct the hierarchical model the relationship among the driving factors of food waste based on their driving power and dependence power.Findings: There are three key players in the food waste chain in urban areas in Indonesia: households, restaurants, supermarkets/markets. Fifteen driver factors on food waste based on the supplier-input-process-output-customer (SIPOC) framework were identified. The relationship among the driving factors of food waste was constructed in a hierarchical structure of food waste in Indonesian cities. With this, strategic action is formulated to reduce food waste.Practical implications: The proposed model of the driving factors of food waste can inform the city government on how to manage food waste. Likewise, the findings can assist Indonesian households, restaurants, and markets/supermarkets in minimizing their food waste. The ISM approach's hierarchical structure allows practitioners to better identify the objectives for reducing food waste in Indonesian cities.Originality/value: Previous studies have not examined and specifically modeled the relationships among the driving factors of food waste in Indonesian cities with three main players, i.e., households, restaurants, and supermarkets or traditional markets.

Analysis of Fatty Acids and Amino Acids of Three Local Freshwater Bagridae Fish Species in the Kampar Kanan River, Indonesia, for Food Security.

Fish have become an irreplaceable dietary source of animal protein, especially among households with low socioeconomic status in rural and urban areas of Indonesia. This study is aimed at analysing the proximate composition, minerals, fatty acids, and amino acids of three local Bagridae fish species in the Kampar Kanan river, Indonesia. The standard AOAC method was employed to examine the proximate composition of the carcass, and the analysis of amino acids and fatty acids was conducted through HPLC and GC-MS, respectively. The mineral content was determined using AAS. The nutrient composition results of Hemibagrus nemurus, Hemibagrus wyckii, and Mystus nigriceps revealed that the protein content was 24.26%, 22.57%, and 21.39% (% dry weight), whereas the total lipid content was 6.64%, 7.47%, and 7.75%, respectively. Regarding mineral contents, the calcium levels ranged from 1.49 to 1.66 mg/g, iron levels from 28.35 to 40.36 μg/g, and zinc levels from 24.03 to 54.46 μg/g. Among the fatty acids, palmitic acid was the most abundant in all three species, accounting for 25.59-30.70% of the total fatty acids. Additionally, significant amounts of C18:1 (oleic acid), C18:0 (stearic acid), and C20:4 (arachidonic acid) were also detected as primary fatty acids. The calculated atherogenic index values in the three species of Bagridae fish ranged from 0.73 to 0.99, while the thrombogenic index values varied between 0.54 and 0.75. The predominant amino acids found in the three species of Bagridae fish were glutamic acid with their concentrations ranging from 9.10 to 24.34%. These results indicate that consuming the meat of these three freshwater Bagridae fish species caught in the wild does not pose any health risks to consumers. They can be considered a safe and suitable food source with good nutritional quality.

EMERGENCES OF GULON INFORMAL SETTLEMENT IN SURAKARTA CITY: PERSPECTIVES ON THE PRODUCTION OF SPACE AND RHYTHMANALYSIS

<p>Increasing population growth and limited residential land occur in most urban areas in Indonesia. The government has well-observed regional spatial planning (RTRW) and regulations, but there are often deviations, such as the emergence of informal settlements. This study seeks to clarify the background of the establishment of informal settlement through the production of space theory and identify how society shapes the rhythm of life in producing space. Data collection is carried out by observation, interview, participatory mapping, and temporal imagery. This research uses progressive regressive methods with the production of space theory perspective and rhythmanalysis. Rhythmanalysis is used to complement the exposition of the production of space theory. It is known that the settlement space began to be formed in 2004. Residents interpret the Gulon informal settlement location as a strategic and effective cheap livelihood location. This choice of place to live is further strengthened by the similarity of the community's economic conditions which are increasingly deteriorating, made worse by the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. This situation encourages interaction in the rhythm of people's lives so that the concept of residential space is formed. Polyrhythmics strengthen the phenomenon of space utilization.</p>

Assessment of waste management practices and waste banks in urban areas of Indonesia: A case study of East Jakarta and Depok City

The rapid population growth in major cities in Indonesia, including East Jakarta and Depok City, has resulted in increased consumption patterns that have an impact on the quantity and quality of generated waste. These communities’ current waste management practices are inadequate, encompassing sorting, collection, and processing—evaluating existing waste management conditions involve sampling, observation, interviews, and questionnaires. In Pancoran Mas, the average waste generation was found to be 0.24 kg per person per day, with food waste comprising 51% and plastic waste 18%. Pulo Gebang exhibited similar results, with a waste generation rate of 0.22 kg per person per day, consisting of organic waste accounting for 46.7% and plastic waste at 19%. However, both districts have established Waste Banks, namely Hasvil (HWB) and Sekar Wangi (SWB) in Pancoran Mas and Pulo Gebang. The waste bank data revealed that HWB had a waste generation rate of 0.08 kg per person per day, while SWB had a rate of 0.12 kg per person per day, predominantly paper waste. HWB successfully reduced individual waste going to landfills by 33% for approximately 120 people, whereas SWB achieved a reduction of 52% for around 80 people.

Public Engagement Impact on Sustainable Waste Management in Indonesia: Examining Public Behavior

The primary objective of this study is to investigate the behavioral patterns and levels of public engagement in waste management practices within the context of Indonesia. The issue of waste management is a significant and unresolved one that continues to be prioritized by the government. The issue of waste management has received much scholarly attention over the past twenty years. The prioritization of solid waste management is necessary to effectively attain the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The present state of excessive garbage accumulation is a significant concern, with a substantial portion of it remaining unattended. The presence of hazardous elements within solid waste presents a significant risk to human life, both in the immediate and long-term. One factor contributing to the limited engagement of the public in environmental policy is the inclination of individuals to prioritize legislation primarily concerning their fundamental needs. This finding suggests a deviation from the outcomes of other research undertaken in recent decades, which posit that community engagement plays a major role in addressing waste management challenges. The findings of the study indicate that individuals' behavior has a significant role in shaping their inclination toward participating in trash management initiatives throughout various urban areas in Indonesia.

Peer communication about contraception knowledge of early adolescent in urban areas

Currently, generation Z is 27.94% of the Indonesian population and triggers fulfillment of sexual reproductive health information, including contraception, which should be given of 9-12 years old. This effort is necessary to reduce unwanted pregnancy incidence, free sex, and abortion. A factor potential to influence is peer communication. Determine the relationship between peer communication with contraception knowledge of early adolescents in the urban area of Indonesia. This quantitative study with a cross-sectional design uses the Global Early Adolscent Study’s (GEAS) secondary data. The research subjects were 2,225, which were 7th grade of State Junior High Schools in Bandar Lampung, Semarang, and Denpasar, Indonesia. The relationship between peer communication to contraceptive knowledge considers age, gender, sexual history, economic status, residence, and parental communication. Contraception knowledge is divided into good and poor. Data processing was done with univariable, chi-square, and logistic regression statistical tests and used 95% confidence interval (CI) with a 0.05 significance level. Peer communication significantly related to contraceptive knowledge (p-value <0.001). Other factors that influenced were gender, residence, sexual intercourse, and parental communication, which were statistically significant. Conclusion: About half of the early adolescents have good contraception knowledge, which is three times more likely in adolescent who communicates with peers.

An evaluation of the alleys of Glodok and its market culture

Glodok is considered one of the largest Chinese urban areas in Indonesia, featuring shops, dwellings, temples, alleyways, and various other elements of Chinese culture. Several local urban practices can also be identified, including selling and buying, as well as the house-shop relations that are accomplished through the spaces between the buildings or the alleys. The people act as active agents of spatial production in everyday life in this location, supporting their economic, social, and cultural activities. To investigate the interrelationship between Chinese-Indonesian market culture and its influence on interiority, literature studies, and ethnography methods were practiced. The results of the study showed three main aspects affecting the interiority of Glodok, namely the 3-dimensional space of the alleys, the cultural identity, and the activity of the people, as well as experiences. Furthermore, the interiority is manifested in the activity of each individual and experiences within the alley, which exists due to market culture. Through an architectural approach that focuses on accommodating the local tradition, culture, and beliefs, the ambience present in Glodok causes both the people and visitors to unintentionally think about nostalgic experiences and memories, thereby creating an emotional, cultural, and historical engagement.

Sales Ethical Behavior: An Empirical Investigation of Its Determinants and Impacts on Bank Customer of Urban area in Indonesia

This study analyzes the effect of ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) performance ratings on the cost of equity in South-East Asia, both individually and in aggregate. The implied cost of equity (ICC) based on various models is used as a proxy of a true cost of equity. The ESG rating data are from Refinitiv. The panel regression is applied to relate ICC to ESG rating scores and relevant explanatory variables. This paper examines the following five South-East Asian markets: Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and the Philippines. We find that firms with better ESG ratings do not necessarily have lower cost of equity as the effects of each ESG component are not the same. Environmental rating (E) and Social rating (S) are not statistically significant in determining the cost of equity. Only Governance rating (G) has a statistically significant negative relationship. The implication is that a firm that aims to lower its cost of equity does not need to invest in all aspects of ESG but should focus more on improving its governance.Each company strives to ensure ethical behavior among salespeople through the implementation of policies, training programs, and promotional activities, recognizing that it has a significant impact on company performance and consumer behavior. However, there is a limited amount of research exploring how internal factors within the human resource management system of a company contribute to consumer perceptions. The objective of this study is to investigate the determinants and consequences of salesperson's ethical behavior. Specifically, the study aims to examine the influence of the reward system on salesperson's ethical behavior and its subsequent impact on consumer perceptions of the company and its products. This research is conducted in response to the scarcity of studies that investigate the relationship between reward systems, salesperson's ethical behavior, and the formation of consumer perceptions towards the company and its offerings. Keywords: Sales, Ethical Behavior, Bank Customer, Urban area.