Urban Architectural Form Research Articles

Urban spatial form analysis based on the architectural layout -- Taking Zhengzhou City as an example.

The analysis of urban spatial form is the basic research of urban development. Traditional fractal research often focuses on the urban spatial layout, which cannot visually express the specific form, change characteristics and development trend of urban architectural spaces.The urban architectural form is simplified and the basic architectural form templates are extracted, and then, the correlations between architecture form and fractal dimension are built. The results of the case study show that the architectural layout of Zhengzhou City exhibits obvious fractal characteristics, and the combination of the two-dimensional and three-dimensional fractal dimensions is helpful for comprehensively revealing the architectural layout information. Moreover, the fractal dimension of buildings shows that the gradient from the inner to outer ring decreases, similar to the 'annual growth rings' of trees. Obvious differences exist in the fractal dimensions of urban buildings in different directions, reflecting the urban expansion direction. This study promotes the visualization of fractal theory and the expression of fractal theory in spatial gradient, providing theoretical and data reference for urban spatial form optimization.

Ventilation Capacities of Chinese Industrial Cities and Their Influence on the Concentration of NO2

Most cities in China, especially industrial cities, are facing severe air pollution, which affects the health of the residents and the development of cities. One of the most effective ways to alleviate air pollution is to improve the urban ventilation environment; however, few studies have focused on the relationship between them. The Frontal Area Index (FAI) can reflect the obstructive effect of buildings on wind. It is influenced by urban architectural form and is an attribute of the city itself that can be used to accurately measure the ventilation capacity or ventilation potential of the city. Here, the FAIs of 45 industrial cities of different sizes in different climatic zones in China were computed, and the relationship between the FAI and the concentration of typical pollutants, i.e., NO2, were analyzed. It was found that (1) the FAIs of most of the industrial cities in China were less than 0.45, indicating that most of the industrial cities in China have excellent and good ventilation capacities; (2) there were significant differences in the ventilation capacities of different cities, and the ventilation capacity decreased from the temperate to the tropical climate zone and increased from large to small cities; (3) there was a significant difference in the ventilation capacity in winter and summer, indicating that that with the exception of building height and building density, wind direction was also the main influencing factor of FAI; (4) the concentration of NO2 was significantly correlated with the FAI, and the relative contribution of the FAI to the NO2 concentration was stable at approximately 9% and was generally higher than other socioeconomic factors. There was a turning point in the influence of the FAI on the NO2 concentration (0.18 < FAI < 0.49), below which the FAI had a strong influence on the NO2 concentration, and above which the influence of the FAI became weaker. The results of this study can provide guidance for suppressing urban air pollution through urban planning.

ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ ЗОНИ САДИБНОЇ ЗАБУДОВИ МІСТА ЛЬВОВА (НА ПРИКЛАДІ МІКРОРАЙОНУ КОЗЕЛЬНИКИ)

The single-family residential zone occupies an important place in the geospatial organization of the city of Lviv. According to the genesis, there are three types of single-family residential zone - former villages, which entered the administrative boundaries of the city in the 20th century; specially planned neighborhoods of single-family residence for different social groups of the population; small plots of single-family residence in the central part of the city in areas with a significant difference in height. The spatial transformation of Kozelnyky began in the 1860s with the construction of the railway and led to the loss of part of the agricultural land and several residential neighborhoods. Joining Lviv in 1959 radically changed the geospatial organization of Kozelnyky. Industrial construction and the construction of city roads through the village contributed to the emergence of internal barriers, which, consequently, increased social isolation within the neighborhood. In present, Kozelnyky is a buffer between the southern industrial zone and the new Sykhiv residential district. The neighborhood of Kozelnyky has stable borders, except for the south-eastern outskirts, where the construction of multi-storey buildings is the most intensive. Planning features of privatized land plots and narrow streets inhibit the penetration of urban architectural forms into rural construction. Construction compaction is mainly done by erecting annexes or new buildings on smallholdings without sharing them. The population of Kozelnyky is about 1163 people, most of them are descendants of Ukrainians deported from Poland. The transformation of the social structure is mainly due to the change of generations with minimal migration. The specific social structure, hybrid features of everyday life and sustainable attitudes of most people to preserve the existing way of life will further slow down the spatial transformation and contribute to the preservation of the rural cultural landscape of the neighborhood. The most acute problems of the neighborhood are: mostly dirt roads, lack of social facilities, in many households - centralized water supply and sewerage. Solving these problems requires significant investments and purposeful urban planning decisions that will facilitate the integration of the single-family residential zone into the urban environment. The abandoned area with technical water settlers may in the future be turned into a recreational zone for the residents of Kozelnyky district and the adjacent multi-storey buildings.

Understanding the Impact of Cultural Design Aesthetics and Socioeconomic Shifts: Approaches to Urban Resilience Empowers Place-Making

The scope of study in this paper encompasses architectural and urban design approaches from three cultural systems: vernacular, Renaissance and modern urbanism. The main objective is to understand how cultural design aesthetics contribute to perspectives in visualizing and conceptualizing the construction of buildings and planning of urban settings such as residential and street layout designs in succeeding eras from pre-modern, Renaissance, Industrial Revolution, post-industrial and Postmodern centuries. A comparison of the paramount cultural design characteristics that distinguish each type of urban architectural form is undertaken. In examining the impact of social shifts and economic development on urban design planning of complex modern societies, scholarly perspectives of distinctive architectural styles of Western cultures will be critically discussed through the qualitative methodology of case studies. This examination is then framed into a comparative table in the aim of differentiating each approach. Findings from this research suggest the strategic importance of cultural design aesthetics as an emerging concept of urban design and architectural planning in order to produce resilient, adaptive communities. This is a key framework in understanding how urban design planning helps communities synchronize living habitats to shifting conditions such as climate changes, economic demands and social needs. This paper proposes for collaborative planning and decision making, as well as policymaking mechanisms centered on developing and sustaining urban resilience, while empowering stakeholders to overcome the growing scale of problems and issues that beset modern cities.

Discussion of Cities Construction Shape in Urbanization

With the accelerated pace of urbanization in China , more and more around the town 's land development , but most of the towns architectural form in a chaotic , self-development conditions , constitute urban architectural form of the four elements : building color , spatial composition , four aspects of the architectural style and building materials and other constraints , planning and building genuine regional characteristics in the urban architectural form.

The Climatic Considerations for Planning & Architecture of the Traditional Arab City "Old City of Mosul,as aModel"(Arbic)

The cultural identity of any nation or country can't be confirmed unless the continuity with it's past. The architectural heritage is the most important links with the nation's history, which is formed through several centuries, through interaction with the local environment in all its dimensions, the local climatic condition is the most influential factor. The research hypothesize that the role played by the climate is distinctive in the urban and architecture scales, In the light of that, the objective of the research is to study the relationship between urban-architectural forms and climate, and exploring the strategies adopted by the traditional city for the climatic adaptations and controlling its influence. The research selects the old city of Mosul as a case study because it has similar urban fabric found in the others traditional Arab cities, which have semi-dry or dry climates.

The Urban-Architectural Form: An Emergent Vehicle for a Minor Architecture at the Micro-urban Scale of the Built Environment

The Urban-Architectural Form: An Emergent Vehicle for a Minor Architecture at the Micro-urban Scale of the Built Environment

The Market for Residential Architecture: 19th Century Row Houses in Boston′s South End

This study explores the market response to a major 19th century American urban architectural form, the row house. The paper presents an hedonic price index for a set of housing characteristics including lot and house size, location amenities within the neighborhood, construction materials, architectural style, and detailed architectural features. The homogeneity in form and layout of the row houses coupled with the variety of architectural styles and detailed features provides an unusual opportunity to test the effect of architecture on market value. The housing characteristics included in the study account for 88% of the price variance across the sampled row houses. The evidence marshalled here suggests that residential architecture matters in the marketplace and that specific architectural features are more highly valued when they differentiate one row house from its immediate neighbors.