Urban Adolescents Research Articles

Religiosity and Associations with Substance Use and Delinquency Among Urban African American Adolescents.

Adolescent delinquency and substance use are global problems. African American adolescents are especially susceptible to the life-changing consequences of these problem behaviors. Religiosity is a notable protective factor that has been shown to mitigate these behaviors. This study uses a person-centered approach to examine the extent to which religiosity is associated with lower rates of delinquency and substance use among urban African American adolescents in the United States. Latent Class Analysis was used to examine the heterogeneity in five religiosity items among a sample of adolescents ages 13-18. After identifying religiosity classes through a class enumeration process, we examined predictors of the classes using multinomial logistic regression. The classes were then used to predict several substance use and delinquency outcomes. Three religiosity classes were identified; "low religious beliefs and engagement," (15.19%, n = 94), "religious with low active engagement," (56.70%, n = 351), and "religious with high active engagement," (28.11%, n = 174). Protective effects of religiosity on substance use (e.g., alcohol) and delinquency were found (e.g., assault). Implications for research and practice are discussed.

Dissecting probable indicators of juvenile delinquency among Gweru Urban adolescents in Zimbabwe

Society today is still naïve that some children are no longer innocent, beautiful souls but callous and dangerous to the community. The escalating crime incidents by juveniles make it imperative to concede the rampant prevalence of juvenile delinquency. This research sought to identify the probable indicators of juvenile delinquency in the milieu of the unprecedented global trend. The study used a mixed-method approach guided by the pragmatist research paradigm. A descriptive research design enhanced an appreciation of participants’ multiple realities based on their lived experiences premised on qualitative and quantitative research. Random sampling was used in selecting 209 students to complete a translated questionnaire. An interview was used to collect data from teachers and parents selected purposively. Data was analysed using frequency count. Data from interviews was thematically analysed. Significant findings were that mental illness, social conditions such as neighbourhood location, home conditions such as family size, school conditions such as strictness of school and environmental factors were the indicators of juvenile delinquency. After-school programs to increase school time counselling services at schools were some of the recommendations by key informants on curbing juvenile delinquency. The overall conclusion is that probable indicators of juvenile delinquency result from several factors such as individual, home, social environment, and school.

Network Analysis of Health-related Behaviors, Insomnia, and Depression Among Urban Left-behind Adolescents in China.

Mental health of urban left-behind adolescents (LBA) is a public issue of growing concern. This study aims to examine the symptom level associations among multiple health-related behaviors, insomnia, and depression in urban LBA. Data on a sample of urban LBA aged 11-19 (N = 3,601) from the Adolescent Mental Health Survey in Shenzhen, China, were used. Health-related behaviors (i.e., Internet use, physical inactivity, social jetlag, smoking, and alcohol consumption), insomnia, and depressive symptoms were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Graphical Gaussian Model (GGM) was used to describe key bridging nodes in an undirected network. Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) was used to construct a directed network and estimate the most likely causal associations among behaviors/symptoms. In the undirected network, Internet use was identified as the key bridging node most strongly associated with insomnia and depression. Two other key bridging nodes include difficulty initiating sleep and appetite change. In the directed network, anhedonia emerged as the most pivotal symptom, which could cause insomnia symptoms and behavioral changes, either directly, or through triggering other depressive symptoms, such as low energy and appetite change. These findings have implications for understanding the occurrence and maintenance process of health-related behaviors, insomnia, and depression in urban LBA. In practice, Internet use should be considered a priority in targeting multiple health behavior interventions. Meanwhile, early screening and treatment for anhedonia are of great significance as well.

Seasonality, food security, diet quality and nutritional status in urban poor adolescents in Malaysia

Seasonality was shown to have an effect on food availability and accessibility, increasing the risk of food insecurity and causing poor diet quality and malnutrition. Therefore, this study aimed to determine seasonal effects on household food security status, diet quality, and nutritional status of urban poor adolescents in Malaysia. A cohort study was conducted among 164 adolescents aged 10–17 from 12 People Housing Programme in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia during the Northeast (November 2021 till March 2022) and Southwest (June 2022 till September 2022) monsoon. Household food security status was measured using the 18-item USDA Household Food Security Survey Module. Dietary intake was determined using a two-days 24-h dietary recall and translated into Standardized Malaysian Healthy Eating Index (S-MHEI). Anthropometric and haemoglobin level measurements were performed to determine nutritional status. Seasonality was found to have a significant effect on overall diet quality (p = 0.021), food groups such as fish (p < 0.001), meat/poultry/eggs (p = 0.003), and legumes/nuts (p < 0.001), and fat nutrient (p = 0.037) as well as anaemia status (p = 0.020) after controlling the confounders. Although food security did not vary with seasons, seasonality affected the consumption of certain food groups as well as anaemia status for urban poor adolescents. Seasonally sensitive nutrition initiatives should be developed to ensure diet adherence to recommendations, ultimately enhancing the diet quality of urban poor adolescents.

Adaptation and Validation of the Child Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (ChEDE-Q) for Use in English among Adolescents in Urban India.

Eating pathology is increasingly common among Indian adolescents. However, brief validated measures of disordered eating in Indian contexts are scarce. This study adapted and validated a culturally appropriate English language version of the Child Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (ChEDE-Q) among 385 adolescents (mean age = 13.42 years; 47.3% girls) in urban India. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that a two-factor eight-item solution had an acceptable fit to the data across gender: an 'Eating Concerns and Restraint' subscale and a 'Weight and Shape Concerns' subscale. Further, the questionnaire can be utilised as both a unidimensional and multidimensional tool. This allows for the computation of a total score on the primary factor of 'Child Eating Pathology', as well as the two subscales. Internal consistency of the 'Weight and Shape Concerns' subscale (α = 0.825) and 'Eating Concerns and Restraint' subscale (α = 0.649) was satisfactory. Concurrent validity was established through medium significant correlations with measures of body image and broader mental health. The results support the use of the ChEDE-Q for assessing disordered eating among urban Indian adolescents, thus providing the research community and practitioners with a measure to investigate the nature and scale of disordered eating among adolescents in India.

BMI-for-age z-score and psychological distress associated with disordered eating: A comparative study among Indonesian and Malaysian urban female adolescents

BMI-for-age z-score and psychological distress associated with disordered eating: A comparative study among Indonesian and Malaysian urban female adolescents

EMOTIONAL SHOPPING IN E-COMMERCE: HOW ARE URBAN ADOLESCENTS SPENDING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC?

The presence of Covid-19 has influenced various aspects of life, including buying and selling activities. This study aims to investigate the reasons for the emergence of emotional shopping behavior in e-commerce among adolescents in Tegal City during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study used a qualitative method with a case study among adolescents who use e-commerce. Data collection techniques in this study were conducted through semi-structured interviews with 7 main participants and 7 supporting participants, non-participant observation, and documentation studies. The triangulation technique method was used to obtain valid data by comparing data from observations, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that emotional shopping behavior by adolescents in Tegal City arises because of four main factors: insecurity, brand-minded lifestyle, joining the trends, and store atmosphere, which can further be seen as the embodiment of emotional shopping. Male adolescents tend the purchase goods to support their hobbies, while female adolescents to support their physical appearance. These findings can form the basis for further research in the field of consumer psychology and adolescent shopping behavior amidst the current online shopping trend, which has become increasingly dominant even after the pandemic has passed.

INDICATORS OF CIRCUITAL HEART RHYTHM IN SCHOOLCHILDREN WITH CARDIAC NEUROCERCULATORY DYSTONIA RESIDING IN THE ANDIJAN REGION

Annotation. According to the international systematization of diseases (10th revision), neurocirculatory dystonia (NCD) refers to somatoform autonomic dysfunction that occurs with a violation of the nervous regulation of the circulatory system. Among non-infectious diseases of childhood and adolescence, vegetative-vascular dystonia is considered the most common pathology with a frequency of 4.8 to 29.1%. It is known that vegetative-vascular dystonia or its variant neurocircular dystonia is considered a predictor of arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease at a young age. Currently, determination of heart rate variability (HRV) is recognized as the most informative non-invasive method for quantitative assessment of the autonomic regulation of heart rate. The purpose of the study was a comparative assessment of the variability of circadian rhythm and heart rate in adolescents with similar neurocirculatory dystonia living in urban and rural areas. Materials and methods. We examined 77 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years (average age 14.5±0.35 years, boys -31, girls -46), hospitalized with a diagnosis of somatoform autonomic dysfunction, cardiac type NCD, from January 2022 to February 2023. Information is classified by age and place of residence (urban, rural). Taking into account the mechanisms of development of the autonomic nervous system, 2 age groups were identified. 1st age group - children 12-14 years old 49.5±4.99% (average age 13.4±0.24 years), of which 62.5±8.83% lived in Andijan (group IA), 37.5±11.74% of adolescents - in rural areas of Andijan region (group IB). 2nd age group - teenagers 15-17 years old 50.5±4.99% (average age 16.5±0.29), of which 61.2±8.89% of young people lived in Andijan (group IIA), 38.8±11.49% - in rural areas (group IIB). All teenagers live in the Andijan region every day. Results. Among the examined adolescents with NCD of the heart, complaints of pain in the heart area were similar (in age group I - 70.8±6.56%, in age group II - in 83.7±5.28% of those examined). The pain was mostly temporary (lasting a few seconds) and stabbing in nature. Interruptions in heart function were noted by 43.8±7.16% of young people in group I and 55.1±7.11% of young people in age group II. In addition, 31.3±6.69% of adolescents in age group I and 36.7±6.89% of young people in group II complained of headache, dizziness, impotence, and excessive fatigue. Conclusions. When examining adolescents with neurocirculatory dystonia, it is necessary to conduct not only a normal ECG at rest, but also Holter ECG monitoring with determination of heart rate variability; the examination will ensure adequate treatment and monitoring of this group of patients. The detected changes in the circadian rhythm and rhythm variability in urban adolescents compared to rural ones are probably associated with living in an industrial zone, environmental criteria, nutrition, and an even greater information load, which urgently requires further research.

Gender differences in sensitization to formaldehyde among urban adolescents in relation to parental chemical exposure

BACKGROUND: The burden of sensitization and allergies increases every year. The development of allergopathology can be influenced by various external factors, including the exposure of parents to chemical compounds with the subsequent impact on the child's health.&#x0D; AIM: to identify gender differences in sensitization to formaldehyde among adolescents of industrial cities in relation to parental chemical exposure.&#x0D; METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on a sample of 800 adolescents who were exposed to varying levels of formaldehyde inhalation. We assessed the serum levels of total immunoglobulin E (IgE) and the concentration of formaldehyde in urine among 340 participants who met the inclusion criteria. Additionally, the sensitization to formaldehyde was evaluated using the leukocytes migration inhibition test (LMIT) with this compound. Furthermore, the personalized hazard indices (HQfa) of formaldehyde exposure were calculated.&#x0D; RESULTS: Urine formaldehyde concentration exceeded the reference values in 89.7% of the study participants. Elevated concentrations of IgE were more common among boys (35.4% vs. 21.9%). The highest concentrations of IgE [70.0 (4.0138.9) mU/ml] were observed in boys with HQfa 1 with the history of parental chemical exposure. It was 3.8 times as high as in girls [18.5 (1.853.4) mU/ml]. The proportion of boys with altered LMIT and HQfa 1 was greater in the group of adolescents with exposed parents (66.7%) compared to 13.3% among their counterparts with unexposed parents. The proportion of LMIT alterations in girls with HQfa 1 was 66.7% with exposed parents which is 3 times higher as high as among girls with unexposed parents (22.8%). The relative risk of sensitization to formaldehyde in boys with HQfa 1, whose parents had no pre-conceptional industrial contact with chemical compounds, was 3 times as high as in girls [OR (CI) = 3.01 (1.326.88)] under the same chemical load.&#x0D; CONCLUSION: The prevalence of formaldehyde sensitization was greater among adolescent boys compared to girls. Pre-gestational parental chemical exposure was not associated with sensitization levels in regression analysis. This finding highlights the importance of considering variations in adolescent body sensitization to pollutants when developing diagnostic, preventive, and therapeutic strategies with the further going aim to reduce the burden of allergopathology and contribute to better health of the population.

Comparing Depression Prevalence and Associated Symptoms with Intolerance of Uncertainty among Chinese Urban and Rural Adolescents: A Network Analysis.

The prevalence of depression among adolescents is increasing, which can hinder their healthy development and is intricately linked to the intolerance of uncertainty (IU). IU involves both prospective anxiety and inhibitory anxiety. However, the precise relationship between depressive symptoms and these two components of IU remains unclear, particularly when considering the specific context of rural adolescents in China. A total of 1488 adolescents (male, 848; Meanage = 20, SDage = 1.51, age range from 16 to 24) in China were recruited and divided into urban adolescents (N = 439) and rural adolescents (N = 1049) groups. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-12 were utilized to measure depression and IU. The symptom network approach and the flow network approach were employed. The prevalence of depression was significantly higher (χ2 = 4.09, p = 0.04) among rural adolescents (N = 419, 40.1%) than urban adolescents (N = 152, 34.8%). The node strength of "motor" demonstrated some discrepancy between rural and urban adolescents, while there was no notable disparity in the global strength and structure of the network between the two groups. However, rural adolescents exhibited a significantly higher global strength in the flow network (including depression and IU) than their urban counterparts. In the flow networks of rural adolescents, "guilt" was directly associated with prospective and inhibitory anxiety. These findings highlight the urgent need for interventions that enhance the ability of rural adolescents to cope with uncertainty and prevent their depressive symptoms more effectively.

The effect of urban greenspace on adolescent sleep patterns

We investigated the effects of long-term greenspace deprivation on sleep during adolescence. Using data from a UK birth cohort, we studied deviations from age-recommended sleep duration through Time Use Diaries. Our sample (N = 1370; 53% female) of urban adolescents had been exposed to the same levels of neighbourhood greenspace from birth up to age 14 years when their time use was tracked. We factored in sex and ethnicity, family income, long-term illness, sharing of a bedroom, access to a garden, as well as air pollution and perceived area safety. Even after full adjustment, there was a significant interaction between greenspace availability and income when predicting sleep duration, such that low-income adolescents living in the greyest urban areas were found to sleep more than the 8–10 h recommended for their age group, while the inverse was true for their counterparts living in areas with more greenspace.

Sleeping Healthy, Living Healthy: Using Iterative, Participatory Processes to Develop and Adapt an Integrated Sleep Hygiene/Mind-Body Integrative Health Intervention for Urban Adolescents.

Racial and ethnic minority adolescents living in urban settings experience sleep disparities. Few interventions have been developed to address these disparities. Guided by principles of participatory design and inclusion, our team developed a novel intervention that combined sleep hygiene education with mind-body integrative health (MBIH) practices to improve sleep quality among adolescents in New York City. The goal of this article is to describe our iterative development and design process, the final product, and future directions. Our participatory approach incorporated information from formative work with adolescents having lived experience, practitioners, and syntheses of published literature. The final intervention-Sleeping Healthy, Living Healthy-consists of six, 40-minute group sessions and one 20-minute individual session designed for high school students. Each session has a set of learning objectives, combining instruction, group activities, and discussions on sleep hygiene and MBIH topics. Our manualized intervention includes handouts created by a graphic design team that served as a review and reminder for home practice. We describe intervention implementation to two unique cohorts and detail our methods used to fine-tune the intervention between cohorts. Our partnership with and insights from both adolescents and practitioners serve as a guide for researchers aiming to use participatory methods to develop interventions to decrease health disparities in specific populations.

Universal Health Coverage in India Challenges, Barriers, Opportunities and Role of WHO

Government of India and the Indian state governments have the overall responsibility to offer loose and typical get right of entry to the healthcare offerings and make certain that there shall now no longer be any denial of healthcare at once or in a roundabout way to each person via way of means of any health care carrier provider, public or private, via way of means of laying down minimal requirements and suitable regulatory mechanism. India is one of the nations with-inside the international with an excessive infection burden. The health final results signs described as time- certain objectives for reducing maternal and toddler mortality, malnutrition amongst children, anemia amongst ladies and girls, fertility, and growing the kid intercourse ratio with-inside the eleventh plan have now no longer been completely realised. India health effects in the back of in Sri-Lanka and Bangladesh. Inadequate financing, a loss of synergy among sickness manipulate and different social quarter programmes, beside the point use of traditional structures of medicine, inadequate regulatory mechanisms, and a lack of ability in health management plague the country’s health care system. There is significant interstate variance in health indicators, as well as disparities between rural and urban metrics, improving Reproductive, Maternal, New born, Child and Adolescent Health (RMNCAH) and addressing mental health disorders is crucial to achieving UHC. The government’s approach to provide enough funding, recent ambitious social policy measures and innovations such as the food security bill, increased civil society engagement in all health problems, and a huge initiative through numerous states together with Tamil Nadu to enhance health, water and sanitation offerings are true sufficient motives for wish that UHC may be carried out through 2022.

Concern for mianzi: Relations with adjustment in rural and urban Chinese adolescents.

The present study examined relations between concern for mianzi, or the social perception of one's prestige and standing in the group, and adjustment in Chinese adolescents. Participants were seventh- and ninth-grade students in rural and urban regions of China (n = 794, Mage = 14 years). Data were obtained from multiple sources including peer assessments, teacher ratings, self-reports, and school records. The results showed that concern for mianzi was associated with social competence, leadership, academic achievement, as well as aggression and mixed peer relationships in rural adolescents. In contrast, concern for mianzi was associated with comprehensive social, school, and psychological adjustment problems in urban adolescents. The results indicate the role of context in shaping the relations between adolescents' concern for mianzi and adjustment.

Growth of preference for solitude in urban and rural Chinese adolescents.

As individuals enter adolescence, their preference for solitude (PFS) increases with age, which may be a result of balancing the need for social affiliation and the need for autonomy and independence. These needs are shaped by the social-cultural contexts, and thus the growth rate of PFS may differ across social-cultural contexts.This study examined to what extent the developmental trajectory of PFS differed between urban and rural Chinese adolescents. Adolescents in urban (n = 326,168 boys, Mage =12.00 years, SD = 0.61) and rural (n = 449, 198 boys, Mage =11.82 years, SD = 0.58) regions in China reported their PFS and shyness each year from Grade 6 to Grade 8. Longitudinal measurement invariance of PFS was established between the urban and rural samples. Location and gender differences in the intercept and the slope of PFS were examined using a latent growth model, while controlling for shyness at each time point. The analyses revealed that adolescents in both urban and rural regions showed an increasing trajectory of PFS. Although urban and rural adolescents did not differ in the initial level of PFS at Grade 6, urban adolescents' PFS increased faster than that of the rural adolescents. The urban-rural difference in the slope of PFS remained significant after controlling for the associations between the intercept and the slope of PFS and shyness at each time point. In addition, in the rural region, boys showed a faster increase of PFS than girls, yet gender differences in the initial level of PFS and the developmental trajectory in the urban region were nonsignificant. The findings reveal a normative increasing trend of PFS during early adolescence and faster increase for urban than rural adolescents. To promote adolescents' psychological well-being, parents, teachers and practitioners need to help adolescents establish a good balance between social interaction and solitude. When deciding what is a good balance, it is important to consider the social-cultural context.

A Study to Assess Risk Behavior and Attitude towards Trauma Prevention among Urban and Rural Adolescents in Selected Area of Surat

A Study to Assess Risk Behavior and Attitude towards Trauma Prevention among Urban and Rural Adolescents in Selected Area of Surat

A Study of Dietary Practices and Nutritional Awareness among Adolescent Girls of Ranchi District (Jharkhand)

The World Health Organization (WHO) defines an adolescent as any person between ages 10 and 19 years. Adolescence is characterized by the growth spurt, a period in which growth is very fast. During this time, the body's nutritional needs are affected by the physical development, while changes in one’s lifestyle may also affect eating habits and food choices. Adolescence is the transition period between childhood and adulthood, a window of opportunity for the improvement of nutritional status and correcting poor dietary practices. Good nutrition is therefore very important for the proper growth and development and the prevention of any health problems in adolescents in the future. Thus, in the present study, an attempt was made to study the Dietary practices and awareness level of the adolescent girls. The study was conducted in rural and urban areas of Ranchi district of Jharkhand state. Self -made questionnaire was used to assess the level of Nutritional awareness and dietary practices of adolescent girls of Ranchi district. The survey method of research was used to get the desired information in the study. Two hundred adolescent girls of 13 to 17 years of age were selected through simple random sampling technique. Findings showed that when compared to urban adolescents, rural adolescents were less informed and have less awareness about health and Nutrition. The majority of rural adolescent girls have poor dietary practices and moderate nutritional awareness and in urban area majority of the respondents have relatively better nutritional awareness. Nutritional awareness has impact on dietary practices of adolescents, which also adversely affects their health. So, adolescent girls need nutrition education to improve their knowledge and nutritional awareness.

Nutrition physiology derangement as a result of changes in eating behavior of modern urban adolescents

Violation of the nutrition physiology, addiction to fast food, and lack of a regimen and food culture have been identified in modern urban teenagers. The consequence of eating disorders in the form of overeating is obesity, which is an extremely urgent healthcare problem today in all economically developed countries of the world. As a result of the changed stereotype of nutrition and eating behavior in children and adolescents, such persistent health disorders as overweight and obesity have been identified. Treatment of such children and adolescents should begin with the correction of eating behavior and a return to physiological nutrition. The authors analyzed the eating behavior of adolescents with obesity and those with normal weight, using survey methods. As a result of the study, we have identified violations in the quali tative composition of nutrition in adolescents. These violations were observed both in the main and the control groups and had a unidirectional character. However, in adolescents with obesity, an insufficient intake of high-quality proteins from natural products, a wide use of foods containing hidden fats, and the consumption of a large amount of carbohydrates were noted significantly more of ten.

The eel connection: Developing urban adolescents’ sense of place through outdoor interactions with a local organism

In response to growing concern about the increased disconnect between youth and their outdoor environment, this study examines how nature-based citizen science experiences with a local animal (American eels) influence urban adolescents’ (high-school students) sense of place in a US city. The juvenile American eel is a unique animal due to its see-through body, small size, lengthy migratory pathway, high periodic population density, and conservation concern. Interview, written, and observational data were collected through a case study of ten high-school students during a citizen science project that lasted three months. Analyses of these data indicate that students developed greater ­ecological place meaning and place attachment. Students developed greater ecological place meaning by learning more about the ecology of the river and the eels, and developed greater place attachment by developing pride and empathy. Based on these findings, we argue that nature-based citizen science programs can help environmental educators in the US foster more equitable access to nature by providing urban youth with much-needed opportunities to deeply experience local places and develop a closer and more meaningful relationship with their local environment.

Factors facilitating the use of contraceptive methods among urban adolescents and youth in Guinea: a qualitative study

BackgroundThe use of modern contraceptive methods among adolescents and youth is a public health priority to prevent unintended pregnancies. To our knowledge, no study has ever explored and documented factors promoting contraceptive use among urban adolescents and youth in Guinea. The objective of this study was to explore the factors that promote the use of contraceptive methods at the personal, interpersonal, community, and health system levels among urban adolescents and youth in Guinea.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative research study including twenty-six individual in-depth interviews among adolescents and youth, and 10 group interviews with an additional eighty individuals, for a total of 106 participants. The socio-ecological model was used to orient both data collection and analysis. Data were collected from June to October 2019. Both individual and group interviews were audio-recorded, and transcribed verbatims afterwards. Data was analyzed thematically, using deductive codes.ResultsThe individual factors favoring contraceptive use among adolescents and youth pertained to perceived benefits of the methods (e.g., discretion, absence of side effects, duration of action, ease of use), knowledge of the family planning service channels, and means to afford the cost of the method. The interpersonal factors were spouse/sexual partner approval, and peer suggestions about contraceptive methods. The community factors included socio-cultural beliefs about the methods, and community expectation not to get pregnant before marriage. The health system factors included access to free contraceptive methods, availability of methods, clinical competence and attitude of the health care provider to advise or administer methods, and proximity of family planning services to users’ place of residence.ConclusionsThis qualitative research shows that many adolescents and youth living in Conakry use a variety of contraceptive methods, whether modern, traditional Access to free or affordable methods, discretion of method use, proximity and availability of methods, and suggestions of methods by peers are factors that motivate adolescents and youth to use contraception. In order to optimally facilitate the use of modern contraception among adolescent and young urban Guineans, we recommend that: (1) adolescents and youth have access to public health strategies enabling them to learn about, obtain, and use methods in a way that allows them to remain discreet; (2) the use of modern contraceptive methods be promoted by peers; and (3) health care providers and peers be adequately trained to have accurate and up-to-date knowledge about the different contraceptive methods available, demonstrate clinical skills for teaching and for method placement (if applicable), and show appropriate attitudes toward this population. This knowledge can inform policies and programs to improve the use of effective contraceptive methods by adolescents and youth living in urban Guinea.