Upper-extremity Function Research Articles

Efficacy of motor relearning programme on rehabilitation of upper extremity function in stroke patients

Background: The most debilitating condition for stroke patients, impacting their quality of life, is motor impairment in the upper extremities. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the Motor Relearning Programme (MRP) on enhancing stroke patient’s upper limb motor function. Methods: A systematic review using trial studies from an online journal database published from 2013 to 2023. The participants of this study are stroke patients. The utilization of the MRP is compared with an alternative intervention, with the study aiming to assess the motor function of the upper extremities as its primary outcome. The quality of the trial was assessed using the JBI checklist Results: Eight studies, encompassing 279 stroke patients aged 35 to 70, were incorporated. These trials compared the MRP with various interventions, including mirror therapy, Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT), bobath, progressive resisted exercise, thermal stimulation, and bilateral task-related training. The interventions spanned an average duration of 3-8 weeks, with sessions occurring 3-6 times per week and lasting between 30 and 120 minutes each. According to the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) assessment, all studies achieved a good quality rating, with total points ranging from 9-12. Notably, six studies demonstrated a significant improvement in upper extremity motor function with MRP, while one showed no significant difference. In contrast, one study indicated that CIMT demonstrated more effective results. Conclusion: MRP significantly improves upper extremity function in stroke patients.

Modified Chinese disabilities of arm, shoulder and hand tool: Validity and reliability for upper extremity injuries

DesignClinimetric evaluation study. IntroductionThe Chinese Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire has necessitated the development of a revised version to the specific needs of individuals with upper extremity injuries with the progress of times and lifestyle changes. Purpose of the studyThis research aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of Modified Chinese Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (MC-DASH) questionnaire in individuals with upper extremity injuries. MethodsOne hundred and one individuals with upper extremity injuries (UEI) were recruited. The function of upper extremity was measured using the electronic version of MC-DASH, and compared against the Chinese Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand. The MC-DASH was reassessed within three days in all individuals. We investigated the internal consistency, test-retest reliability, content validity, criterion validity, and construct validity of MC-DASH. ResultsThe internal consistency was deemed sufficient, as indicated by a Cronbach's alpha of 0.986 and an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.957. Moreover, the mean total scores of MC-DASH on the first-test and retest were 37.86 and 38.19, respectively (ICC: 0.957, 95 %CI: 0.937–0.971, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the MC-DASH version exhibited satisfactory content validity evidenced by its strong correlation (R= 0.903, p < 0.001) with the Chinese DASH. Three major influencing factors were identified from 37 items. The cumulative variance contribution rate of the MC-DASH questionnaire was 75.76 %, confirming its construct validity. ConclusionThe Modified Chinese Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire has been shown to be a valid, reliable, and practical tool for use in patients with upper extremity injuries.

Breadth and orientation of pie menus for mid-air interaction: effects on upper extremity biomechanics, performance, and subjective assessment

ABSTRACT The number and layout of options within pie menus are crucial for determining the direction of radial swiping in mid-air interactions, influencing the physical demands imposed on users. This research examined six distinct option quantities, referred to as menu breadth, and investigated two layouts, designated as menu orientations. These orientations encompass landscape and portrait formats, with the former positioning a top option centred parallel to the horizontal axis, while the latter situates two top options on either side of the vertical axis. The study employed comprehensive metrics, including muscle activity, wrist movement, user performance, and subjective assessments. Our results indicated that the breadth should be controlled to no more than six to ensure high efficiency and align with users’ interactive experience, while breadth 2 should be avoided to eliminate the potential risk of wrist musculoskeletal disorders. Besides, the portrait orientation for breadth 3 and the landscape orientation for breadth 6 were recommended for their lower physiological loads and higher efficiency. Also, the landscape orientation for breadth 4 should be favoured as it outperformed portrait orientation in both wrist movement dimensions. These findings could provide scientific design principles for using pie menus in mid-air interaction within future HCI applications.

Effectiveness of Constraint Induced Movement Therapy and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation on Upper Extremity Functions in Stroke

Background: Stroke is the quickly developing clinical indication of a focal disruption of brain function that lastsmore than 24 hours or results in death, with no discernible cause other than vascular origin. Despite the fact thatthe majority of patients are able to walk again, 30% to 60% of survivors are no longer able to use the arm that wasinjured. CIMT aims at improves both the motor and functional capacities of a paretic arm. PNF exercises alter theorder in which muscles are stimulated, increases the efficiency of joint movement.Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of Constraint Induced Movement Therapy and ProprioceptiveNeuromuscular Facilitation for treating upper extremity functions in stroke.Materials and Methods: A total of 30 participants were selected from Sree Annai Physiotherapy Clinic Chennai.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subjects willing to participate were allocated into two groupsConstraint Induced Movement Therapy group and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation group. Theparticipants underwent Pre-test measurement with Fugl-Meyer Assessment Upper Extremity FMA-UE and wererepeated for Post-test measurement. Study period : November 2022 to April 2023.Results: When comparing the mean differences of the two groups, Constraint Induced Movement Therapygroup displays a greater difference than Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation group. Therefore, it can besaid that Constraint Induced Movement Therapy is more advantageous for the upper extremity functions thanProprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation.Conclusion: The study concluded that Constraint Induced Movement Therapy is found to be more effective thanProprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation technique for upper extremity function recovery.

One-Year Outcomes of the Anatomical Front and Back Reconstruction for Scapholunate Dissociation

Anatomical front and back (ANAFAB) reconstruction addresses the critical volar and dorsal ligaments associated with scapholunate dissociation. We hypothesized that patients with symptomatic, chronic, late-stage scapholunate dissociation would demonstrate improvements in all radiographic parameters and patient-reported outcomes (PROMs) after ANAFAB reconstruction. From 2018 to 2021, 21 ANAFAB reconstructions performed by a single surgeon were followed prospectively, with 20 patients having a minimum follow-up of 12 months. In total, 17 men and four women were included, with an average age of 49 years. Three patients had modified Garcia-Elias stage 3 disease, eight stage 4, seven stage 5, and three stage 7. ANAFAB reconstruction of intrinsic and extrinsic ligament stabilizers was performed using a hybrid synthetic tape/tendon graft in a transosseous reconstruction. Pre- and postoperative radiographic parameters, grip, pinch strength, the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation, PROMIS Upper Extremity Function, and PROMIS Pain Interference outcome measures were compared. Mean follow-up was 17.9 months (range: 12-38). Radiographic parameters were improved at follow-up, including the following: scapholunate angle (mean 75.3° preoperatively to 69.2°), scapholunate gap (5.9-4.2 mm), dorsal scaphoid translation (1.2-0.2 mm), and radiolunate angle (13.5° to 1.8°). Mean Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation scores for pain and function decreased from 40.6 before surgery to 10.4. We were unable to detect a significant difference in grip or pinch strength or radioscaphoid angle with the numbers tested. There were two minor complications, and two complications required re-operations, one patient who was converted to a proximal row carpectomy for failure of fixation, and one who required tenolysis/arthrolysis for arthrofibrosis. At 17.9-month average follow-up, radiographic and patient-reported outcome parameters improved after reconstruction of the critical dorsal and volar ligament stabilizers of the proximal carpal row with the ANAFAB technique. Therapeutic study IV.

Effects of Kinesio Taping and Modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy on Upper Extremity Function, Quality of Life, and Spasticity in Individuals Recovering from Stroke

Background: Cerebral palsy is a neurological condition affecting children and adolescents, often resulting in hemiparesis and impaired upper limb functionality. Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) has shown promise in rehabilitation, and Kinesio Taping (KT) is increasingly considered for its potential benefits. This study explores the synergistic impact of CIMT and KT on upper limb function and muscle tone in this population, filling a critical gap in research. Objective: To investigate the combined effects of CIMT and KT on upper limb functionality and spasticity in children and adolescents with hemiparesis. Methods: A comprehensive randomized clinical trial adhering to CONSORT guidelines was conducted. Forty-six participants aged 6 to 17 years, diagnosed with hemiparesis due to cerebral palsy, were divided into two groups: CIMT-only and CIMT + KT. Baseline assessments included age, gender, stroke type, time since stroke, and initial upper limb function (FMA-UE, BBT, SF-36, MAS). CIMT sessions were conducted intensively over four weeks, with the CIMT + KT group additionally receiving KT application. Post-intervention assessments were conducted using the same measures. Results: Both the CIMT and CIMT + KT groups demonstrated significant improvements in the use of the affected limb for daily tasks, as indicated by the Motor Activity Log (MAL) scores. The CIMT-only Group showed a mean change in MAL score of 15.4 ± 8.1, while the CIMT + KT Group exhibited a mean change of 10.2 ± 6.5. Strong performance in upper limb functionality, assessed through the Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) Functional Ability Scale (FAS), was observed in both groups. The CIMT-only Group demonstrated a mean change in WMFT FAS score of 12.3 ± 6.2, and the CIMT + KT Group had a mean change of 8.4 ± 5.1. Additionally, both groups experienced a notable reduction in muscle tone, assessed using the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS). The CIMT-only Group had a mean change in MAS score of -0.6 ± 0.4, while the CIMT + KT Group had a mean change of -0.4 ± 0.5. No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups regarding the quality and quantity of movement. Conclusion: Integrating Kinesio Taping with Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy effectively reduces muscular tone in the wrist and fingers, enhancing upper limb functionality in children and adolescents with hemiparesis. While Kinesio Taping alone and in combination with CIMT demonstrates efficacy, further research is warranted to optimize therapeutic applications.

Patient-Reported Outcomes and Medical Provider Satisfaction Among Adult and Pediatric Ataxia-Telangiectasia Patients.

Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is a rare genetic condition with malfunctioning DNA repair processes resulting in significant clinical findings, including progressive neurologic decline, elevated malignancy risk, immunodeficiency, oculocutaneous telangiectasias, and severe pulmonary disease. Research has been limited into the quality of life of such patients and yet to be completed are studies quantitatively analyzing psychosocial, physical, and cognitive patient-reported outcomes (PROs) within the A-T population. PRO evaluations of 90 international adult and pediatric A-T patients and their caregivers were completed via secure online administration of Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) short forms evaluating anger, cognition, mood, social health, fatigue, pain, anxiety, and upper extremity function. The impact of age, gender, race/ethnicity, prior malignancy diagnosis, and current supportive treatment interventions on such PROs was additionally assessed. Finally, given the importance of medical providers in the care of A-T patients and the impact of patient satisfaction on healthcare outcomes, we further analyzed, via a novel survey, how patients and caregivers perceived their primary A-T healthcare provider's A-T expertise, trustworthiness, accessibility, and level of compassion. It was found that a diagnosis of A-T complexly impacts patient PROs, but such data offers the potential for preventative and therapeutic interventions to improve the care of such patients. While most A-T patients and their caregivers feel their primary A-T medical provider has expertise and compassion in addition to being accessible and trustworthy, a significant percentage of study subjects did not agree that their provider was an expert in A-T or overall trustworthy.

Comparing surgeries to restore upper extremity function in tetraplegia: Impact on function during the perioperative period

Context/Objective To assess short-term changes in health outcomes in people with cervical-level spinal cord injury (SCI) who underwent upper extremity (UE) reconstruction via either novel nerve transfer (NT) or traditional tendon transfer (TT) surgery with individuals who did not undergo UE surgical reconstruction. Design Prospective, comparative cohort pilot study. Participants 34 participants with cervical SCI met the following inclusion criteria: age 18 or older, greater than 6 months post-injury, and mid-cervical level SCI American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) A, B or C. Setting Two tertiary academic hospitals and their affiliated veterans’ hospitals. Methods Health outcomes were assessed using two previously validated measures, the Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM) and Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Demographic, surgical, and survey data were collected at the initial evaluation and one month postoperatively/post-baseline. Results 34 participants with cervical SCI were recruited across three cohorts: no surgery (n = 16), NT (n = 10), and TT (n = 8). The TT group had a decline in SCIM and SF-36 scores whereas the NT and no surgery groups experienced little change in independence or health status in the immediate perioperative period. Conclusions Surgeons and rehabilitation providers must recognize differences in the perioperative needs of people with cervical SCI who chose to have restorative UE surgery. Future work should focus on further investigation of health outcomes, change in function, and improving preoperative counseling and cross-disciplinary management.

The effects of exergames on upper extremity performance, trunk mobility, gait, balance, and cognition in Parkinson's disease: a randomized controlled study.

In recent years, game-based exercises have been included more in the rehabilitation programs of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and positive effects have been observed. This study aims to investigate the effects of innovative games particularly designed for neurological patients on upper extremity performance, trunk mobility and cognition in patients with PD. Twenty-three patients were enrolled in this randomized controlled study and randomly allocated into two groups: Exergames Program (EP) and Conventional Exercise Program (CP). Both groups received supervised physiotherapy sessions for 3days a week and 8weeks in total (24 sessions). Each session lasted 1h. Evaluations were applied before and after the treatment: 9-Hole Peg Test (9-HPT), Minnesota Manual Dexterity Test (MMDT), Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS), Timed Up and Go (TUG), Functional Reach Test (FRT), and Parkinson Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39). Twenty patients were included in the analysis because of the dropouts. Our findings showed that both groups improved significantly in 9-HPT dominant side, MMDT, TIS, MDS-UPDRS, TUG, FRT, and PDQ-39 (p < 0.05). MoCA scores of EP group improved significantly (p < 0.05) while CP group's did not (p > 0.05). It was found that EP group had better improvements in 9-HPT dominant side, MMDT turning test, and MoCA than CP group when the differences in the changes within the groups were compared (p < 0.05). Game-based training can be a useful rehabilitation tool to improve upper extremities performance, trunk mobility, cognition, functional mobility, balance, and quality of life and may have superiority over conventional exercises in improving cognition and upper extremity functions. NCT05235880. Release Date: April 1, 2022.

Can Action Observation Therapy be an Alternative to Robotic Rehabilitation to Improve Upper Extremity Functions in Stroke Patients?: A Protocol of Randomized Controlled Study

Aim: Approximately two-thirds of stroke patients have upper extremity involvement after the disease. Traditional and innovative rehabilitation programs are needed to restore of the upper extremity motor movements. This clinical trial aims to investigate and compare treatment effects robotic rehabilitation (RR) and action observation therapy (AOT) on upper-limb motor function, independence and quality of life in subacute stroke. Method: The estimated sample of the study is 30 subacute stroke patients. Participants will be randomized into two groups (RR and AOT). All participants will receive conventional treatment for 60x3x8 minutes/day/week. In addition to conventional methods, robotic rehabilitation will be applied to the RR group, and the AOT protocol will be applied to the other group for the same duration. Assessments will be repeated at the baseline, end of the 4th and 8th weeks. Conclusion: This paper will be the first study that compares the effects of AOT and RR on upper extremity motor functions on stroke. In addition, this study will be a reference source for systematic review or meta-analysis studies that investigate the effectiveness of AOT.

Kısmi Rotator Manşet Yırtığında Omuz Ağrısı, Fonksiyonellik, Kuvvet ve Enduransın İncelenmesi

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı, kısmi rotator manşet yaralanması (KRMY) olan bireyler ile KRMY benzeri semptomu olmayan bireyler arasında omuz ağrısı, fonksiyonellik, eklem hareket açıklığı (EHA), endurans ve kuvveti karşılaştırmaktır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya Başakşehir Şehir Hastanesi’nde tedavi gören 40-60 yaş arası KRMY’li 16 birey çalışma grubu, KRMY benzeri semptomu olmayan 16 birey asemptomatik grup olarak alındı. Katılımcılara Görsel Analog Skorlaması (GAS), Constant Murley Skoru (CMS), Zamanlı Fonksiyonel Kol ve Omuz Testi (ZFKOT) ve Basit Omuz Testi (BOT), uygulandı. Gruplar t testi, Mann-Whitney U ve ki-kare analiziyle karşılaştırıldı ve etki büyüklüğü Cohen’s d skoru ile hesaplandı. Bulgular: Çalışma grubunun gece ve hareket sırasındaki ağrısı sırasıyla 8,06±5,68 ve 7,06±2,76 olup bütün parametreler çalışma grubunda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve büyük etki düzeyinde olumsuz etkilenmiştir. En yüksek etkilenim gösteren parametreler CMS (p&amp;lt;0,001; Cohen’s d=4,41) ve BOT (p=0,001; Cohen’s d=3,16) parametreleriydi. Çalışma grubunda ortalama omuz fleksiyonu 142º (p&amp;lt;0,001; Cohen’s d=1,76), abdüksiyonu 111º’dir (p&amp;lt;0,001; Cohen’s d=2,68) ve anlamlı bir şekilde kontrol grubuna göre düşüktür. Sonuç: KRMY’de omuzun gece ağrısı hareket sırasındaki ağrıya göre, omuz abdüksiyonu ise omuz fleksiyonuna göre daha şiddetli etkilenmektedir. Çalışma sonuçları klinisyenleri KRMY hastalarının rehabilitasyonunda hedef belirleme ve klinik seyir takibinde destekleyebilir.

Neuromodulation to guide circuit reorganization with regenerative therapies in upper extremity rehabilitation following cervical spinal cord injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a profoundly debilitating condition with no effective treatment to date. The complex response of the central nervous system (CNS) to injury and its limited regeneration capacity pose bold challenges for restoring function. Cervical SCIs are the most prevalent and regaining hand function is a top priority for individuals living with cervical SCI. A promising avenue for addressing this challenge arises from the emerging field of regenerative rehabilitation, which combines regenerative biology with physical medicine approaches. The hypothesis for optimizing gains in upper extremity function centers on the integration of targeted neurorehabilitation with novel cell- and stem cell-based therapies. However, the precise roles and synergistic effects of these components remain poorly understood, given the intricate nature of SCI and the diversity of regenerative approaches. This perspective article sheds light on the current state of regenerative rehabilitation for cervical SCI. Notably, preclinical research has yet to fully incorporate rehabilitation protocols that mimic current clinical practices, which often rely on neuromodulation strategies to activate spared circuits below the injury level. Therefore, it becomes imperative to comprehensively investigate the combined effects of neuromodulation and regenerative medicine strategies in animal models before translating these therapies to individuals with SCI. In cases of severe upper extremity paralysis, the advent of neuromodulation strategies, such as corticospinal tract (CST) and spinal cord stimulation, holds promise as the next frontier in enhancing the effectiveness of cell- and stem cell-based therapies. Future preclinical studies should explore this convergence of neuromodulation and regenerative approaches to unlock new possibilities for upper extremity treatment after SCI.

Beyond Traditional Therapy: A Novel Multimodal Regimen for Stroke-Related Hand Dysfunction.

Objective: The study aims to explore the effect of a blended multimodal practice aregimen on enhancing upper extremity function in chronic stroke patients. Specifically, we seek to investigate the potential benefits of incorporating MMP into the existing rehabilitation protocols for stroke survivors and assess its effectiveness in improving motor outcomes. Methods: The study utilized a randomized controlled trial design with chronic stroke patients who experienced upper extremity impairments. The participants were provided multimodal physical practice, multimodal mental practice, and blended multimodal practice regimen for three months. Results: The ANOVA analysis revealed a significant difference among the groups for the MMPG measure, indicating that the Blended Multimodal Practice Group (BMPG) performed significantly better compared to the Multimodal Physical Practice Group (MPPG) and the Multimodal Mental Practice Group (MMPG). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that incorporating multimodal mental practice approaches into stroke rehabilitation programs can enhance upper extremity function in chronic stroke patients.

Efficacy and safety of transcranial direct current stimulation to the ipsilesional motor cortex in subacute stroke (NETS): a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Each year, five million people are left disabled after stroke. Upper-extremity (UE) dysfunction is a leading problem. Neuroplasticity can be enhanced by non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) but evidence from large, randomized multicenter trials is lacking. We aimed at demonstrating efficacy of NIBS to enhance motor recovery after ischemic stroke. We randomly assigned patients to receive anodal transcranial direct current (tDCS, 1mA, 20min) or placebo stimulation ('control') over the primary motor cortex of the lesioned hemisphere in addition to standardized rehabilitative training over ten days in the subacute phase after stroke. The original study was planned to enrol 250 but, following a blinded interim analysis, ended with 123 participants. The primary outcome parameter was UE impairment, measured by UE-Fugl-Meyer-Assessment (UEFMA), one to seven days after the end of the treatment intervention (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00909714). From 2009 to 2019, 123 patients were included, with 119 entering intention-to-treat analysis (ITT). The control group (N=61) improved 8.9 (SD 7.7) UEFMA points, the tDCS group (N=58) improved 9.0 (8.8) points. ITT was neutral with respect to the primary efficacy endpoint (p=0.820). We found no difference in UEFMA change between active tDCS and control. The safety profile of tDCS was favorable. In particular, there were no seizures. In patients with ischemic stroke, anodal tDCS applied to the motor cortex of the lesioned hemisphere over 10 days in the subacute phase was safe but did not improve the recovery of upper extremity function compared with placebo stimulation. Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (GE 844/4-1).

Wearable Technologies for Monitoring Upper Extremity Functions During Daily Life in Neurologically Impaired Individuals.

Neurological disorders, including stroke, spinal cord injuries, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease, generally lead to diminished upper extremity (UE) function, impacting individuals' independence and quality of life. Traditional assessments predominantly focus on standardized clinical tasks, offering limited insights into real-life UE performance. In this context, this review focuses on wearable technologies as a promising solution to monitor UE function in neurologically impaired individuals during daily life activities. Our primary objective is to categorize the different sensors, review the data collection and understand the employed data processing approaches. After screening over 1500 papers and including 21 studies, what comes to light is that the majority of them involved stroke survivors, and predominantly employed accelerometers or inertial measurement units to collect kinematics. Most analyses in these studies were performed offline, focusing on activity duration and frequency as key metrics. Although wearable technology shows potential in monitoring UE function in real-life scenarios, it also appears that a solution combining non-intrusiveness, lightweight design, detailed hand and finger movement capture, contextual information, extended recording duration, ease of use, and privacy protection remains an elusive goal. These are critical characteristics for a monitoring solution and researchers in the field should try to integrate the most in future developments. Last but not least, it stands out a growing necessity for a multimodal approach in capturing comprehensive data on UE function during real-life activities to enhance the personalization of rehabilitation strategies and ultimately improve outcomes for these individuals.

Exploring the Psychometric Properties of Upper Extremity Functional Scale: A Narrative Review

Introduction: The Upper Extremity Functional Scale (UEFS) is a 20- item, region-specific, patient-reported outcome measure developed by Glenn Pransky and colleagues in 1997. The UEFS is used to measure upper extremity function in individuals with hand and upper extremity disorders. Patients rate their function on a 0 to 4 Likert scale, where 0 indicates extreme difficulty and 4 indicates no difficulty performing the task. This translates into a maximum possible score of 80, which indicates excellent function. The UEFS takes about 5 minutes to complete and is easy to administer and score with minimal training. The total score is computed by adding up individual item scores. Aim: To examine the psychometric properties of the UEFS. Materials and Methods: A narrative review was conducted from August 2023 to February 2024 and included searches in PubMed, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), and Scopus (2015- 2023) The search strategy included keywords such as “Upper Extremity Functional Scale,” “psychometric properties,” “reliability” “validity,” and “responsiveness.” There were 10 articles investigating the psychometric properties of the UEFS in individuals with upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders were included. Results: The summary of the psychometric evidence of the Upper Extremity Functional Index (UEFI) available version in terms of reliability, validity and responsiveness. The UEFI and UEFI-15 versions showed consistent test-retest reliability results {Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC)=0.94}. Convergent validity for both the UEFI and UEFI-15 versions was supported by their strong correlation with the Upper Extremity Functional Scale (UEFS) ≥0.6. Conclusion: The UEFS exhibits strong psychometric properties. It is widely used in clinical practice and research, with solid evidence supporting its usefulness in measuring upper extremity function in people with musculoskeletal diseases.

The Effect of Task-oriented Training Combined with Scapular Stabilization Exercises on Paretic Upper Extremity Function in Patient with Stroke: A Case Study

A stroke (cerebrovascular accident) is the rapid loss of neurological function brought on by an interruption in blood flow to the brain. Over 85% of stroke patients undergo hemiplegia, and more than 69% of them experience an upper limb motor function deficit. In this case report, a 68-year-old male was assessed for stroke; his upper extremity (UE) function was assessed using the manual function test, Fugl-Meyer Assessment UE, and Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) time. The patient underwent a 4-week treatment protocol that included task-oriented training (TOT) and scapular stabilization exercises. Post 4th week there was significant improvemnet observed in the paretic upper extremity (UE) function, that was assessed using manual functional test, Fugl-Meyer Assessment UE, WMFT time scores.

The effect of video-assisted training on upper extremity problems and functions after rotator cuff repair: a randomized controlled trial.

The shoulder is the most mobile joint in the body, and is frequently exposed to injuries. The applied surgical treatments, protection of the shoulder after surgery, care in the use of the shoulder in activities of daily living (ADLs) and gradual exercise programs are all vital to the recovery process. The present study investigates the effect of video-assisted training (VAT) on upper extremity complications and functions after rotator cuff repair (RCR). Included in this prospective, parallel two-armed, randomized controlled study were an experimental group (n: 24) that received VAT detailing early postoperative care for RCR and instructions on performing ADLs, and that had access to a 90-day gradual exercise program, and a control group (n: 24) that received routine care. The primary outcomes were upper extremity problems and functions, as assessed by the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) and modified Constant-Murley scores (MCM), while secondary outcomes were complications that had developed within the past three months. The outcomes were measured at baseline, after six weeks and at three months. After 3 months, a statistically significant difference was noted in the DASH-Work (p = 0.001) and MCM ADLs scores (p = 0.003) of the two groups, and significant changes in which the scale scores of both groups when compared to the initial measurement. Only one patient in the VAT group developed complications after RCR at one month; there were no significant differences in the complications of the two groups (p = 0.235). VAT can increase function in RCR patients. Healthcare professionals, especially nurses, can use the VAT method to improve shoulder function in patients after RCR.

The Relationship between Entrapment Level of the Nerve and Upper Extremity Function and Sleep Quality in Ulnar Neuropathy Patients

The Relationship between Entrapment Level of the Nerve and Upper Extremity Function and Sleep Quality in Ulnar Neuropathy Patients

Effect of smart phone usage on hand grip, pinch strength, and upper extremity function among college student in selected places of Bengaluru

Effect of smart phone usage on hand grip, pinch strength, and upper extremity function among college student in selected places of Bengaluru