Unsatisfactory Adaptation Research Articles

Assessment of Adaptation Potential of Foreign Students Studying in Low- and Midlands Conditions

Assessment of the adaptive potential of students studying in low- and midlands conditions is a very important task, since it allows students to timely identify pathological conditions that precede the development of the disease. The goal of this study is to assess the adaptive capabilities of foreign students studying in low- and midlands conditions. The 260 first-course male students aged 19.55±1.31 years from India were examined. The study was conducted in low mountains (760 m ASL) and middle mountains (1650 m ASL). The index of functional changes (IFCh), as calculated by R. M. Baevsky, took into account factors such as age, height, body weight, heart rate, and blood pressure. A comparative analysis of the indicators of the index of functional changes (IFCh) of foreign students studying in lowlands and midlands revealed significant differences in systolic blood pressure (SBP). In the low mountains group, the value of IFCh was higher than in the middle mountains group. The majority of students (77% in the lowlands and 86% in the midlands) demonstrated a satisfactory level of adaptation. However, a small percentage of students in both the lowlands (6%) and midlands (1%) showed unsatisfactory adaptation. Therefore, the educational environment in the midlands was found to be more favorable for the adaptation of Indian students.

Comparative study of the resistance level of the organism in schoolchildren with socio-psychological disadaptation among Uzbek population studying in different conditions

Socio-psychological disadaptation in children and adolescents at the present time should be considered not only from the perspective of existing disorders of the emotional state and limitations of sociability but also from the standpoint of the deterioration of their somatic health and quality of life. The purpose of the research is to carry out comparative study of the level of body resistance in schoolchildren of the Uzbek population with socio-psychological maladjustment studying in different academic conditions. To achieve the set goal, clinical, clinical-psychological, and epidemiological research methods were chosen. In addition, psychopathological and paraclinical analyses were conducted, and long-term results were monitored. Disruption of adaptation mechanisms and unsatisfactory adaptation are more common in adolescent boys, regardless of the type of education (30.1% and 24.1% in boys with traditional education, 26.2% and 19.7% in boarding lyceums, P >0.05- > 0.01). Among all surveyed girls with maladjustment, adolescent girls with traditional education were more likely to have a breakdown in adaptation mechanisms (20.7% versus 16.9%, P > 0.05). Tense adaptation mechanisms were also predominantly recorded in adolescent boys in both study groups (64.3% and 67.6%, respectively), which has to be well considered when organizing preventive measures. The developed method for assessing the development of disadaptation, based on a systematic analysis of risk factors, considering the clinical and psychological characteristics of the child’s development, personality, family structure and teaching methods, the state of the central nervous system, and hormonal changes, facilitates the diagnostic procedure before the onset of clinical signs of maladjustment.

Correlations of adaptive potential with metabolic factors in workers of the Yakutia river fleet

Aim. To assess correlations of adaptive potential (AP) with metabolic factors in workers of the Yakutia river fleet before and after the voyage in order to assess the impact of a long voyage.Materials and methods. Before a long voyage in 45 men, a questionnaire was conducted, measurement of height, body weight, heart rate, blood pressure, determination of body mass index and AP. The correlation of AP (according to R.M.Baevsky) with biochemical (aspartate transaminase, alanin transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyl transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides) and hormonal (TSH, free T3, free T4, testosterone, cortisol) indicators was evaluated, and also with blood plasma metabolites (62 metabolites) determined by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry before after a long voyage.Results. Distribution by AP level of rivermen – 37.8% have satisfactory adaptive potential, 24.4% have functional stress of adaptive mechanisms, 20.0% have unsatisfactory adaptation and 17.8% have a sharp decrease in the functional capabilities of the circulatory system with the phenomenon of disruption of adaptive mechanisms. The revealed correlations of AP have associations with age, overweight, obesity and metabolic syndrome. Correlations were found with creatinine, testosterone, palmitic acid before the long voyage, and with creatine kinase, glucose, urea, testosterone, gluconic and threonic acids after the voyage. After a long voyage, the number of correlations of AP with metabolic parameters increases.Conclusion. In workers of the Yakutia river fleet the revealed results of metabolic changes indicate an aggravation of disadaptive changes in the conditions of a long voyage. Taking into account the identified features, it is necessary to carry out preventive measures to reduce the severity of disadaptive metabolic changes during a long voyage and rehabilitation actions after the voyage.

ADAPTATION TO INTENSE MUSCULAR ACTIVITY AND PECULIARITIES OF AUTONOMIC REGULATION OF HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN ATHLETES (II MESSAGE)

Introduction. Determining the mechanisms of regulation of the cardiovascular system as an indicator of the functional state of the body, on which the effectiveness of sports activity largely depends, remains relevant in assessing the ways of adaptation of the athlete's body to various physical activities. The purpose of the study is to investigate the peculiarities of physical performance of qualified athletes with different types of autonomic regulation of heart rate based on the mathematical analysis of heart rate variability. Material and methods. The study involved 214 skilled athletes specialising in rowing, basketball, handball, athletics, hockey, triathlon, cross-country skiing, biathlon and other sports. Methods of analysis of heart rate variability features, methods of determining physical performance of qualified athletes and the reaction of the cardiorespiratory system to test loads (ergospirometric complex "Oxycon Pro", treadmill LE-200 C), mathematical and statistical methods. Results. When performing strenuous physical activity, the initial type of autonomic regulation largely determines the effectiveness of compensatory and adaptive reactions of the organism. Thus, the normotonic and moderately vagotonic type of regulation of the HR in a state of relative rest was inherent in highly skilled athletes with a high level of functional fitness. Normotonic and vagotonic types of HR regulation characterise the optimal functional state of a sportsman's organism, high functional capabilities of the organism, which ensure the preservation of vegetative homeostasis, the optimal level of regulation efficiency and the level of functioning economy, and stable regulation. The sympathicotonic type of HR regulation is also inherent in satisfactory adaptation to strenuous physical activity and sufficient functional capabilities of the sportsman's organism. However, there are already signs of dysregulation in the central regulatory circuit, a reduced level of efficiency of HR regulation, an increased level of tension in the regulatory mechanisms of adaptation. Against this background of such regulation of HR, a deterioration of the functional state of a sportsman can be noted, objective signs of fatigue appear. Prognostically unfavourable for athletes in a state of relative rest is a pronounced vagotonic type of SR regulation, as well as a sharply expressed sympathicotonic type of SR regulation - characterising reduced functional capabilities of the organism, unsatisfactory adaptation to strenuous physical activity. Conclusions. The vagotonic, normotonic and sympathicotonic types of HR regulation in a state of relative rest allow us to speak about the satisfactory adaptation of the human body to the influence of various environmental factors. The unsatisfactory adaptation of the human body to environmental factors is characterised by a pronounced vagotonic and pronounced sympathicotonic types of HR regulation in a state of relative rest.

Характеристика показників фізичного станучоловіків похилого віку

The relevance of the research topic. The paper presents the results of the assessment of physical condition indicators in 60-70-year-old men. The aim of the study was to identify the characteristics of physical condition indicators in senior men. Methods: theoretical analysis of special scientific and methodological literature, anthropometric and medical biological methods, and mathematical statistics. The study was conducted at the National University of Water and Environmental Engineering (Rivne, Ukraine). The ascertaining pedagogical experiment involved 50 senior men (with an average age of 65.06 ± 3.06 years). Results. Physical condition indicators characterizing physical development and functional status of the cardiorespiratory system were identified. Regressive changes at the morphological level were found: a trend to the increase in certain somatometric parameters and decrease in physiometric indicators of senior men. A significant decrease in the cardiorespiratory capacities of the studied subjects was revealed: 84 % of elderly men needed treatment to improve the functional state of the cardiovascular system. The majority (60 %) of respondents were diagnosed with high blood pressure. The obtained results also indicated decreased adaptation potential and increased tension of the regulatory systems. Satisfactory adaptation of the cardiovascular system was found in 8 %; tension of the adaptation mechanisms – in 20 %; unsatisfactory adaptation – in 40 %; and failure of adaptation – in 32 % of senior men. Conclusions. Based on the results of the study, the physical condition indicators of senior men were assessed. It was found that most of the indicators have certain deviations from the normal range, which should be taken into account when developing a comprehensive program based on the use of means of health-enhancing recreational physical activity.

INCLUSIVE PHYSICAL EDUCATION AS A TOOL FOR FORMING THE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT FOR STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES

The article examines the role of physical education in the prevention of unsatisfactory adaptation to the learning process in a university. The purpose of the study is to identify the possibility of the discipline "Physical education" in the formation of adaptation to the educational environment of a university in students with disabilities through inclusive physical education. The research is based on the use of a complex of general scientific theoretical methods: analysis, synthesis, systematization, and generalization. It was established that inclusive physical education provides a special organization of the educational environment in a university, aimed at preventing existing negative trends in the health of students with disabilities, due to the process of adaptation, which involves technology and the organization of diagnostic and health facilities for students with disabilities. The main functions of inclusive physical education have been systematized, the implementation of which will ensure the prevention of unsatisfactory adaptation to the learning process in a university for students with disabilities: organizational and methodical, educational, correctional, educational and advisory, developmental. Among the main forms of physical improvement, it is necessary to use along with the main classes in physical education, integrated a small forms. In general, the success of the adaptation process to the educational environment for students with disabilities in the process of physical education is determined by the rational organization of methodical support aimed at strengthening the individual health of the participants in the pedagogical process, taking into account the individual characteristics of adaptation to physical loads, the step-by-step application of complex assessment methods and control. As a result, the idea of using the means of inclusive physical education as a tool for shaping the adaptation of students with disabilities to the educational environment of a university has been expanded. The latter involves the effective organization of physical education of students with disabilities for educating them in a responsible attitude to their health, and a healthy lifestyle; formation of knowledge and skills of physical culture; ensuring full-fledged physical development; physical, spiritual, and mental hardening; formation of the need for safe behavior, counteraction and prevention of negative habits, prevention of diseases; creation of conditions for active recreation in the conditions of study at a university.

Assessment of Adaptive Risk for Workers Exposed to Occupational Hazards in the Metallurgical Industry

Introduction: Metallurgical workers are heavily exposed to a combination of occupational stress factors. Objective: To assess the adaptive risk for metallurgists depending on duration of work under hazardous working conditions, to identify markers of impaired neurohumoral regulation of the heart rate indicating an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases in workers with little work experience. Materials and methods: The study included 222 male metallurgists with the mean age of 38.8 ± 0.39 years and the mean duration of work of 12.9 ± 0.43 years. Parameters of the functional state were assessed by general clinical and biochemical methods. The adaptive risk was estimated using heart rate variability indices according to the method by R.M. Baevsky. We then analyzed the relationship between the adaptive risk and the functional state parameters, including blood levels of copper, zinc, selenium, and formaldehyde. Results: When assessing heart rate variability parameters depending on the length of service, a significant reduction in the total power of the spectrum (r = –0.28, p = 0.000037) and the share of parasympathetic regulation (pNN50: r = –0.295, p = 0.000012) against an increase in the share humoral-metabolic influences (VLF %: r = 0.16, p = 0.02) were established. The registered adap- tive risk correlated with an increase in blood pressure (r = 0.3, p = 0.0000; r = 0.25, p = 0.0003), glucose (r = 0.23, p = 0.001), total cholesterol (r = 0.21, p = 0.002), and serum copper (r = 0.22, p = 0.001). One of the signs of unsatisfactory adaptation in workers with little experience was an increase in the adaptive risk by more than 2 CU and in the electrical instability of the heart. Conclusion: The adaptive risk in metallurgists correlates with the length of service and is associated with adverse health chang- es in workers. Among the metallurgists with less than 10 years of experience, signs of poor adaptation to industrial stress are registered, which is the basis for forming groups at risk of health disorders among such workers.

Influence of highlands on the state of human body adaptation

The article identifies and analyses the state of adaptation of the participants of the tourist trip to the conditions of stay in the mountains. The functional reactions of the human body in mountain conditions are affected by a decrease in atmospheric pressure, atmospheric density, decrease in oxygen partial pressure, decrease in humidity, increased solar radiation, and low temperature. Adaptation to the highlands is largely determined by age and athletic skills. Tourists, especially those who came to the mountains for the first time, adapt to new conditions more slowly. A group of tourists made a mountain hike of the III category of complexity lasting 14 days. The travel area was near village Arkhyz. In preparing the route, the goal was to go through a sports route and to determine the impact of the highlands on the human body in practice. It is known that adaptation occurs faster for people who are regularly under conditions of artificial or natural hypoxia. Athletes, who often have endurance loads, can adapt to the conditions of the middle mountains and highlands faster than non-athletes. Also, the process of adaptation is much faster for people who make extensive use of intense physical activity.
 The article shows the dynamics of blood pressure and heart rate of a group of tourists in the highlands. The obtained data characterize the adaptive body reactions.
 After analysing the state of adaptation of the tourist trip participants to the mountain conditions, it can be argued that the period of adaptation of the participants' organisms to the height is different. It could be noticed, that on the eighth day the half of the group had "tension of adaptation mechanisms" and "unsatisfactory adaptation" of the organism to mountainous living conditions, also with the lack of stable adaptation. The rest of the group had better indicators of the state of adaptation on the fifth and sixth day of stay in the highlands. These indicators were characterised as "satisfactory adaptation" with further manifestations of sustainable adaptation, indicating economization of body functions.

Tackling knowledge and power: an environmental justice perspective on climate change adaptation in Kiribati

ABSTRACT Reducing vulnerabilities is at the core of climate change adaptation interventions. This goal is usually approached from the perspective of increasingly universal adaptation methodologies, tools and services that are grounded in Western scientific thought and knowledge. Questions of (in-)justices and new or reproduced vulnerabilities play a marginal role in adaptation interventions. In this paper, we argue that a failure to acknowledge, let alone address, the intricate linkages between knowledge and power risks creating fundamental injustices as part of well-intended adaptation processes and their outcomes. Using the Kiribati Adaptation Project (KAP) as a case study, we examine how knowledge hegemonies lead to unsatisfactory adaptation processes and outcomes when viewed from a justice perspective. Environmental justice lenses provide a useful framework for applying distributional, procedural and epistemic notions of injustice to tackle and interrogate the knowledge-power relations, which we identify as a profound part of adaptation interventions.

Адаптационный потенциал и эндокринный статус работников целлюлозно- бумажного комбината г. Архангельска

Introduction. Maintaining good health and working capacity of the population is one of the main tasks of the healthcare system. Living under adverse climatic conditions of the North and being exposed to dangerous production factors of the pulp and paper industry, strongly represented in the Arkhangelsk Region, can significantly reduce the adaptive capacity of the body. Major role in providing an adequate response to the action of irritators and initiating the adaptation process is played by the neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, and circulatory systems, which reflect qualitative and quantitative changes in the body while being reliable markers of homeostasis. The aim was to study the adaptive potential of workers showing the level of functioning of the circulatory system and to evaluate their endocrine profile depending on the revealed functional capabilities of the body. Materials and methods. The study involved 50 men aged 22–60 years working in the production departments of Solombala Pulp and Paper Mill (Arkhangelsk) with a body mass index of 19–25 and without earlier history of endocrine pathology. Serum levels of thyroxine-binding globulin and oestradiol were determined by means of radioimmunoassay, while serum concentrations of total cortisol, thyrotropin, thyroxine, triiodothyronine, progesterone, testosterone, insulin, C-peptide, and somatotropin were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results. The research demonstrated that in 2/3 of the examined employees of the pulp and paper mill the adaptation mechanisms were under strain, while the condition of two subjects corresponded to the physiological norm, which is characterized by good and satisfactory adaptation. Workers with decreased adaptive capabilities to the point of unsatisfactory adaptation showed increased levels of cortisol, thyroxine-binding globulin, oestradiol, C-peptide, and insulin against the background of a decrease in testosterone, progesterone, and the testosterone/oestradiol ratio. The authors recommend conducting periodic medical examinations of pulp and paper workers, including endocrine profile assessment, and monitoring changes that occur over time.

Sex hormones and adaptive potential of the circulatory system in men of the European and Asian North

The article presents the results that reveal the features of the state of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and the level of dopamine in apparently healthy men with different adaptive potential of the circulatory system, taking into account age and territory of residence. Material and methods. The study involved 155 men (90 residents of the European North (Arkhangelsk Oblast) and 65 residents of the Asian North (Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug)) aged 22–59 years. Serum hormone levels of the hypothalamic-pituitary- gonadal axis were determined by enzyme immunoassay and radioimmunoassay in vitro analysis. The adaptive potential was calculated according to R.M. Baevsky. Results and its discussion. The functional tension of the mechanisms of adaptation of the circulatory system in men of the European North and unsatisfactory adaptation in men of the Asian North were revealed. In the studied regions of the North, there are no people with good and satisfactory adaptation, and the group of people with a breakdown in adaptation was identified only in the Asian North in men aged 45–59 years, which allows us to classify these subjects as a risk group for developing cardiovascular diseases. In men of the European North, the unsatisfactory adaptation was combined with an increase in the levels of prolactin (at the age of 22–44 years) and follitropin (at the age of 45–59 years) and a decrease in the level of sex hormone-binding globulin (at the age of 22–44 years). A decrease in the levels of total and free testosterone can be attributed to the key markers of failure of adaptation in men of the Asian North aged of 45–59 years. When analyzing the data of the entire surveyed population of men aged 22–59 years, an increase in aromatase activity was noted against the background of a decrease in testosterone levels in men of the European North with the 4th degree of adaptive potential and in men of the Asian North with the 5th degree of adaptive potential, which can be considered as a compensatory reaction to preserve the function of the cardiovascular system.

Environmental Hostility vs. Dynamism: The Implications for the Organizational Resilience Process

Organizational resilience is a key attribute to enable firms to adapt to the world with increasingly frequent and intense adversities. While previous literature focuses on the internal firm attributes that contribute to organizational resilience, little attention has been paid to the different dimensions of environmental adversity that matter as well. Unpacking the distinctive characteristics of environmental hostility and dynamism, we suggest that an increase in these environmental dimensions create different challenges for the organizational resilience process. While firms find it harder to deal with environmental hostility than dynamism initially, they are able to effectively neutralize environmental hostility in the long-term but not able to do so for environmental dynamism. Such unsatisfactory adaptation to environmental dynamism is aggravated for larger and older firms. Together, we suggest that firms need to pay attention to different environmental contexts as they have different implications for the resilience of the firm.

мPhysiological Assessment of Miners’ Noise Exposure and Measures for Its Prevention

Introduction: To solve the tasks of preventing occupational diseases in workers of the mining industry, it is important to substantiate physiological indicators of tension of the regulatory systems of the human body under the negative impact of industrial noise and neuro-emotional work intensity and to assess the effectiveness of hearing personal protective equipment (PPE). Our objective was to identify physiological characteristics of adverse functional changes in workers of various professions in the mining industry exposed to the combined effect of occupational noise and work intensity to substantiate the use of hearing protection devices. Materials and methods: We studied indicators of concentration of attention, short-term memory, speed of perception of visual and auditory signals, and the index of functional changes in the circulatory system reflecting negative effects of occupational noise exposure combined with work intensity on the central nervous and cardiovascular systems. We assessed occupational noise exposure by the equivalent sound level on the A-scale of a sound level meter per shift, work intensity, and conducted physiological studies of mining industry employees. Results: In miners, we established a 5.6-fold decrease in concentration of attention from the initial level and a 5.9-fold increase in the index of functional changes in the circulatory system compared with operators of robotic complexes, in which all indicators varied within the physiological norm. The maximum change in the parameters indicates the work tension that was the most pronounced in miners. The same extent of workplace stress was observed in operators of mineral processing plants and engineering and technical staff exposed to similar noise levels (60-70 dB, sometimes exceeding 90 dBA), while the lowest one was observed in the operators of robotic complexes, thus indicating maintenance of a sufficient level of working capacity during the work shift. The estimated miners’ index of functional changes in the circulatory system (2.69±0.08 points) demonstrated the state of functional stress. The individual analysis indicated a significant percentage of people with reduced unsatisfactory adaptation and the state of its failure (3.0±0.05 points) in this very professional group. According to the results of establishing a causal relationship between the increase in the functional tension by indicators of the central nervous system and cardiovascular system and occupational noise levels, emotional stress and adverse shift mode, the workplace stress was justified as a marker of the combined effect of noise and intensity of the work process. Conclusions: A high level of workplace stress accompanied by intensive occupational noise and work intensity factors is an indicator of a decreasing working capacity and development of a prognostically unfavorable functional state of the human body.

Assessment of the adaptive potential of students of the first course of a technical university

Material and methods: literature review, methods for assessing adaptive potential and biological age, rapid assessment of the level of physical health; methods of mathematical statistics; stating experiment with the participation of students of the 1 course (n = 56).
 Results. A sufficiently high accuracy of recognition of the state of the body provides a method for determining the adaptive potential. In the course of the ascertaining experiment, it was established that 44.64% of students were assigned to the first group - satisfactory adaptation, and 55.36% - the tension of adaptation mechanisms to the second group. Persons with unsatisfactory adaptation or with its failure were not identified. In order to study the changes in the functional state depending on the established adaptive potential, a comparative analysis of the average statistical values ??of the indices of rapid assessment of physical health and biological age indices, which characterize the biological survival function, as one of the main manifestations of human health, was carried out. Statistically significant differences in some indicators were revealed, namely: adaptive potential (p<0.001); biological age (p<0.1); index “double product” (p<0.001); Ruthier Index (p<0.001); level of physical health (p<0.001).
 Conclusions. As a result of these studies, the fact was revealed that an increase in the work of the adaptive mechanisms of the body is accompanied by significant changes, which are reflected in: acceleration of the aging process of the body; the tension of the cardiovascular system at rest and when performing standard physical activity; lowering the level of bioenergy resources of the body.

EVALUATION OF MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF STUDENTS LIVING IN NORTHERN CONDITIONS

The study focused on the physical development indicators in younger teens aged 11-12 (Group 1) and 13-14 (Group 2) living in northern conditions (Surgut, Russia). The data was collected and processed in spring from February through March 2020. The physical development, the functional state of the cardiovascular system and the functional body reserves were assessed by anthropometric and hemodynamic indicators. It was found that the physical development was harmonious in the majority of examined teenagers. Among elder teenagers, more boys had good physical development, while more elder girls showed signs of asthenization. Hemodynamic parameters reflected the improved functioning of the cardiovascular system in relation to age. The integrative indicators of heart rate hemodynamics and arterial blood pressure were above the age-sex norm, which indicates stress on the vital systems. The adaptation reserves in teenagers of both groups were reduced during the spring period: 47-66 % of teenagers in Group 1 and 57-68 % of teenagers in Group 2 demonstrated unsatisfactory adaptation indicators.

Evaluation of gingival microcirculation in localized periodontitis of traumatic etiology

Relevance. The indispensable study of blood microcirculation of periodontal tissues in patients with localized periodontitis of traumatic etiology (LPTE) alongside with the assessment of the somatic status lets determine the degree of adaptive capacity of the organism. Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) allows noninvasively identify preclinical changes in the periodontal blood microcirculation and observe periodontal status at any treatment phase aiming at the confirmation of effectiveness of undertaken measures.Purpose. The objective of this work is to evaluate periodontal blood microcirculation in LPTE for existing latent vascular flow changes and adaptation features.Materials and methods. LDF measurements of periodontal blood microcirculation in 169 patients with mild and medium LPTE, conducted relaxed and with the use of functional cold test, were done.Results. A decrease in the number of functioning capillaries in periodontal tissues (expressed in a decrease of the integral index of microcirculation), a decrease in blood flow variability (σ-standard deviation) and the stress of the functioning of the regulatory blood microcirculation (Cv) were found. Due to outcomes, it was registered that in mild and medium severity LPTE, normal reaction of adaptation detected at 69.6% and 43.4% cases, respectively, in the remaining cases reaction of intense adaptation and unsatisfactory response adaptation (only if the moderate degree of LPTE) were fixed.Conclusion. Latent periodontal vascular flow changes and also adaptation characteristics are closely related with the somatic state of the body, in particular with the presence of cardiovascular disease in a group of patients.

ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА МЕТАБОЛІЧНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ ЕНЕРГОЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ М’ЯЗОВОЇ РОБОТИ У СПОРТСМЕНІВ 17-21 РОКУ В ЗАЛЕЖНОСТІ ВІД СПОРТИВНОЇ СПЕЦІАЛІЗАЦІЇ

Introduction. The modern way of life and the mode of education affects the health of a primary school pupil. Especially relevant is the study of physical health and adaptive capacity of modern schoolchildren, in terms of the new Ukrainian school . Purpose. to assess the physical development of first-graders who studied in the traditional education system and the new Ukrainian school. Methods. 120 schoolchildren aged 6-7 participated in our research. They were divided into two groups (60 people each): I - pupils of the traditional education system (TES), II – pupils of the new Ukrainian school (NUS). Within the groups, subgroups by gender (30 people each) were distinguished. To identify trends in the physical development of first-graders the conventional method of anthropometry was used, taking into account height (H, cm), body weight (BW, kg), vital capacity (VC, l), muscle strength of the leading arm (dynamometry, kg), blood pressure (ATsyst., ATdiast., mm Hg), heart rate (heart rate, beats / min.). According to the established anthropometric indicators, the indices of physical health were determined: body mass index (BMI, kg / m2), vital index (LI, ml / kg), strength index (SI,%), Rohrer index (IR, kg / m2), level of physical condition (LPC, c. unit) and adaptive capabilities according to the index of functional changes (IFC, c.unit). During the obtained data processing, the methods of variation statistics with the estimation of Student's t-test were used. Results . Boys were characterized by a higher proportion of people with low growth rates, girls - the opposite trend. Among NUS children, a higher proportion of people with excess BW growth rates, regardless of gender, was found. The tendency to increased heart rate was recorded among NUS children, who had a higher proportion of people with VL below normal. The highest percentage of children in terms of dynamometry that meet the age norms was recorded among TES girls. Significant differences between the groups of subjects were found in terms of VL and the strength of the muscles of the hand (with the predominance of TES students). NUS children were characterized by higher BMI. According to the indicators of LI and SI, the advantage of TES children was revealed, for whom the average indicated indicator corresponded to the average level (in the opposite group - low). In general, NUS children were characterized by significantly higher indicators of physical condition. According to the IFC, TES boys were more characterized by an unsatisfactory level of adaptation, while among girls the share with unsatisfactory level of adaptation is higher in terms of NUS training. Originality . An assessment of the physical development of first-graders in terms of traditional and the new Ukrainian school. It was established that the children of the new Ukrainian school were characterized by significantly higher indicators of the functional state level, which indicates the best state of blood circulation in terms of adaptation to learning. In terms of adaptability, boys in the traditional education system were more characterized by an unsatisfactory level of adaptation, while among girls the share with an unsatisfactory level of adaptation is higher in the new Ukrainian school. Conclusions . Children of the new Ukrainian school were characterized by significantly higher indicators of the physical condition level, which indicates an improved state of blood circulation in this group. Among first-graders of the traditional school, the share of people with a high level of physical condition was lower (33.4%), compared with the opposite group (50%). Adaptive abilities among boys corresponded to the stress of adaptation, in girls - unsatisfactory adaptation, regardless of learning conditions. Children of the new Ukrainian school were characterized by an increase in the share of people with satisfactory adaptation (boys - up to 16.7%, girls - up to 26.7%).

DIAPHRAGMATIC BREATHING IN BIOLOGICAL FEEDBACK MODE FOR CORRECTION OF THE PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL STATE IN MEDICAL STUDENTS

The aim: The current study aimed to examine the possibility of correction of the psychophysiological state of the undergraduate students by diaphragmatic breathing sessions in the biological feedback mode utilizing heart rate variability. Materials and methods: The study enrolled 86 students 18 to 20 years old. Assessment of the functional state of the ANS was performed bycardiointervalography (CIG) and analysis of the spectral indices of HRV by the hardware-software complex "Cardiolab" (КAI Medica, Ukraine). A complex assessment of the autonomic homeostasis was performed using IARS calculated by a special algorithm. Assessment of the psychophysiological state of students was performed by questionnaires. Results: Among the examined population, 45% of students were in the state of satisfactory adaptation, 43% - in the state of functional tension, and 12% - in the state of unsatisfactory adaptation. Students with poor level of adaptation and depletion of regulatory mechanisms had higher heart rate, systolic and diastolic pressure, and RR compared to the students in the state of satisfactory and strained adaptation. Conclusions: The findings suggest that the average intensity of psychosomatic complaints has significant differences between groups with varying degrees of tension of regulatory mechanisms.

Assessment of adaptation of infants born with different types mild intrauterine growth and development retardation

Objective. To estimate adaptation of an organism of the babies born with different types of light severity of a delay of pre-natal growth and development.
 Material and methods. 609 children are examined. Since the birth under observation 141 children, from them are born in the result of the complicated pregnancy and childbirth, including with asymmetric type of light severity of a growth inhibition and development of a fruit – 57 (Group 1a) and with symmetric – 15 (Group 1b) and without that – 69 (Group 2) from mothers with the burdened somatic and obstetric and gynecologic anamnesis. Children are full-term, mature, looked round in 1 (131), 3 (118), 6 (109), 12 (110 children) months. Outcome recording methods were a comprehensive case history analysis, physical examination, assessment of cardiointervalography and body adaptation to the environment. Distribution-free statistical analysis methods.
 Results. At children in Groups 1a and 1b satisfactory adaptation of an organism to conditions of the environment took place at the birth of 28. 07 and 26. 67%, in 1 month of 32. 69 and 35. 71%, in 3 months of 31. 11 and 25%, in 6 months of 51. 16 and 46. 15%, in 12 months of 48. 78 and 36. 36%. Tension and an overstrain of adaptation is recorded at 22. 81 and 40%, 36. 54 and 28. 57%, 33. 33 and 41. 67%, 30. 23 and 23. 04%, 19. 51 and 18. 18%. Unsatisfactory adaptation is defined at 42. 11 and 13. 33%, 21. 15 and 21. 43%, 24. 44 and 16. 67%, 11. 63 and 23. 04%, 21. 95 and 18. 18%. Failure of adaptation is revealed at 7. 02 and 20%, 9. 62 and 14. 29%, 11. 11 and 16. 67%, 6. 98 and 7. 69%, 9. 76 and 9. 09% of children respectively.
 Conclusion. Study of characteristics of body adaptation to the environment in the scientific community is a perspective area, and any practical application (starting with perinatal centres) of assessment of body adaptation to the environment with follow-up groups identification and further determination during critical periods of growth and development (outpatient monitoring) justify patient-specific approach to outpatient follow-up of infants born with different types of mild intrauterine growth and development retardation.

ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ ПОДГОТОВКА КАК ЭФФЕКТИВНОЕ СРЕДСТВО АДАПТАЦИИ КУРСАНТОВ И СЛУШАТЕЛЕЙ В ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯХ МИНИСТЕРСТВА ВНУТРЕННИХ ДЕЛ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

Aim. The aim of this article is to study the functional state of military students and students of the educational institutions in the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Materials and methods. CrossFit is a multifunctional training of high intensity. The peculiarity of this type of movement activity is that all trainings are conducted according to the pattern with understandable and clear structure. The pattern is based on 3 trainings per week to provide a relatively large amount of high-intensity load within 20 minutes during each training. Each training consists of 3 different elements: metabolic exercises, gymnastics and load exercises. This pattern provider the possibility to acquire new elements and to train effectively 3 energy systems. To estimate the effectiveness of this method, we conducted a pedagogical experiment at the premises of the East-Siberian Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation. Results. The results obtained allowed us to establish that introduction of CrossFit exercises in the experimental group improved the speed of adaptation processes and effect on functional state of the body in comparison with the control group, which demonstrated decreased functional capacities of the body and unsatisfactory adaptation. Conclusion. The results obtained for the study of the cardiovascular system after the introduction of high-intensity multifunctional exercises CrossFit in the experimental group revealed changes in variation pulsometry reflecting increased effect of the parasympathetic system on heart regulation. There is also an increase in М