Unpredictable Changes Research Articles

Теоретичні аспекти фінансової безпеки та її підсистем у контексті дослідження сценарного аналізу впливу «шоків»

Ensuring financial security is the main task for any country, as it forms the stability of the economy in the face of internal and external threats. In today’s world, where the economies of countries are closely connected, it is necessary to constantly monitor and analyze the impact of various «shocks» on the financial system. Theoretical aspects of financial security include the ability of economic subsystems to withstand factors and maintain stability in the face of unpredictable changes. Researchers offer different approaches to assessing financial security, analyzing the impact of various parameters on the stability of the financial system. One of the key aspects is scenario analysis, which allows you to predict the possible consequences of «shocks» and develop strategies to minimize them. The practical application of methods of ensuring financial security contributes to the formation of a balanced financial policy capable of effectively responding to the challenges of the modern world. That is, financial security is not only a protective mechanism, but also a key factor in the country’s economic growth and development. The article is devoted to the study of theoretical aspects of financial security and its subsystems in the context of scenario analysis of the impact of «shocks». The identification of critical subsystems is carried out by analyzing literary sources, which allowed to allocate the main subsystems, such as currency, budgetary, debt, monetary, stock/insurance, and banking. The choice of indicators for each subsystem allows for a more accurate assessment of the level of financial security and the identification of critical points of impact of «shocks».

Ринкова резильєнтність бізнесу: теоретичний конструкт

The aim of the article is to study the development and change of the conception of resilience of socioeconomic systems in the modern turbulent world, as well as to create a theoretical construct for the market resilience of business. The conception of BANI of the world, which demonstrates the chaotic and unpredictable nature of modern society and technological environment, is studied, so business organizations must not only be resistant to stress, but also ready for change and even successfully function in conditions of uncertainty and instability in order to adapt to the new reality. Thus, the central theme of world economic thought is the study of «resilience» in general, as well as its various aspects and potential ways to guarantee the sustainability of social, economic and ecological systems. Resilience is considered as an economic category, which is inherent in the subject of economic activity at the micro-, meso- and macro-levels. The main methodological approaches to resilience are proposed, which contain the following key components: crisis management of the socioeconomic system; change and innovation management; organizational culture and leadership; staff resilience. A new approach that changes the attitude to resilience as an economic category – the paradigm of Industry 5.0 – is considered. In the context of resilience, this paradigm aims to create viable, flexible and resilient systems that can adapt to different challenges. The types of resilience of different levels of the socioeconomic system are examined and systematized. The authors concluded that these kinds intersect, interact and complement at different levels, which is an important aspect of ensuring the stability and adaptability of this system. A definition of the concept of market resilience has been proposed, which is a characteristic of a business organization, which determines its ability to create new opportunities for sustainability, survival and development in conditions of total uncertainty, non-linear and unpredictable changes in the internal and external environment. The key elements of the formation of market resilience of a business entity are systematized and characterized.

The empathy and stress mindset of healthcare workers: the chain mediating roles of self-disclosure and social support.

The hospital is a workplace full of stressful events for healthcare workers (HCWs) due to unpredictable changes in their daily routines. Perceptions of stressful events (stress mindset) have a significant impact on an individual's health and well-being. However, few studies have reported the factors and potential counter mechanisms influencing these perceptions. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between empathy, self-disclosure, social support, and stress mindset of HCWs, and to explore the mechanism of empathy on stress mindset. Five hundred and eight HCWs (35.2% men and 64.8% women) completed the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), the Distress Disclosure Index (DDI), the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), the Stress Mindset Measure (SMM), and demographic questionnaires online in China. The results showed that empathy was positively linked with stress mindset and positively correlated with self-disclosure and social support. In the multiple mediating model, self-disclosure and social support mediated the association between empathy and stress mindset sequentially. The results imply that empathy, self-disclosure, and social support play a significant role in the formation of HCWs' stress mindset. These findings have substantial ramifications for reducing stress and creating successful government interventions to fortify stress mindset in healthcare.

Аналіз стану жіночого підприємництва в Україні в умовах війни

The article reveals the features of women's entrepreneurship and its role in Ukraine in modern conditions. It becomes especially relevant in wartime, because, despite the fact that men continue to be the leaders of entrepreneurial activity, women are forced to conduct business activities to support society, the economy of the state, because many men must defend our country and join the ranks of the Armed Forces. There is not much of a gender difference in entrepreneurship. There are certain specifics. Women prefer small businesses and separate, closer and more understandable types of activities, such as accounting and auditing, services, and trade. On the other hand, these activities themselves bring a good quick profit and are in demand in the market. Women entrepreneurs are a special social group of women, mainly from 25-50 years old, who have the social status of an entrepreneur, have value orientations, worldview, interests, needs and socio-psychological properties due to the transforming society. The features that distinguish a woman entrepreneur include the presence of individual labor activity, high responsibility in promoting her own business, industry specialization. The peculiarity of women's entrepreneurship is that this type of employment allows a woman to successfully combine professional activity and household duties, to control her time; successfully use their skills, abilities, knowledge, promotes self-development. In total, almost a million operating commercial companies are registered in Ukraine. Women own more than 18% of enterprises. 14% of companies are jointly owned by women and men. The most popular activity of women's entrepreneurship is audit and accounting – more than 40% of companies are owned by women, another 20% are jointly owned. Activities such as tourism, education, catering, and light industry are also popular. Among the main problems of women's entrepreneurship are: the consequences of the economic crisis, high competition, frequent and unpredictable changes in legislation, state regulation, tax system, possible interruptions in communication, the Internet, electricity, corruption.

ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ БІЗНЕСУ В УМОВАХ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ АСИМЕТРІЇ

The process of digitalization has covered all sectors of economic activity in Ukraine and the world. The economic impact of information and communication technologies on economic sectors or spheres of life (at the macro level), and specific products or services (at the micro level) is determined by added value. Digital tools and technologies make it possible to increase the level of production of innovative products, shorten the period from the development of an idea to the sale of finished products, ensure an appropriate level of profitability from the introduction of advanced technologies and create competitive advantages for the state. At the same time, digitalization is not only a tool for realizing national economic interests that can create new opportunities for economic development, but also a source of new risks and threats, including the phenomenon of information asymmetry. The research examines the phenomenon of information asymmetry and its impact on business functioning. It is proved that in the context of digitalization, information is the dominant factor of production. The essential and substantive characterization of information as a production factor is provided. It is proved that information is a direct productive force, the most important factor of production along with the traditional ones – land, labor, and capital. The relationship between the spread of digitalization processes and the emergence of information inequality, or “asymmetric information”, is substantiated. The main factors that led to the deepening of information asymmetry under martial law in Ukraine are outlined. These include the physical destruction of information infrastructure facilities, massive cyber attacks and the spread of disinformation, and rapid and unpredictable changes in the national economy. The author models the impact of information asymmetry on business functioning, which is reflected in pessimistic business expectations, which is directly related to the uncertainty of the business environment. Based on the results of official research, it is confirmed that information asymmetry is the main obstacle to the successful adaptation of economic entities to conditions of uncertainty, and its reduction is the main direction of public policy.

Turning crisis into chances: Tourism entrepreneurs’ timing strategies amidst emergencies

PURPOSE: Nowadays enterprises operate in a very turbulent environment characterized by frequent, significant, and often unpredictable changes. Such conditions, including crises, force enterprises to take quick actions to adapt to changing conditions. The aim of the paper is to identify chances and timing strategies used by tourism entrepreneurs in conditions of large-scale emergencies (such as COVID-19) and show how they can serve organizational resilience. METHODOLOGY: Qualitative research was conducted in the form of 12 individual in-depth interviews and 4 focus group interviews with 22 representatives of selected industries in the tourism sector. The concept of chance management and timing strategies is used to present how, according to our interviewees, changes in the environment caused by the pandemic contributed to the survival and development of their entities in the tourism market. FINDINGS: The research findings showed that changes caused by the pandemic allowed entities to identify several chances. These chances mainly concerned the introduction of changes to the offer (accelerating previously planned changes and enabling the introduction of unplanned changes). Moreover, they provided the chances to use held digital competences and time to think about the company’s development strategy, as well as establishing and developing relationships with stakeholders. Additionally, our research identified four timing strategies used by tourism entrepreneurs in the time of crisis, i.e. chance-grasping strategy, chance-entraining strategy, chance-riding strategy, and chance-creating strategy. IMPLICATIONS: Tourism enterprises are highly exposed to operating in crisis conditions. Therefore, chance management can be very useful in their activity and our research findings can be also useful regarding its theoretical and practical implications. From the theoretical point of view, we show how the concept of chance management (in particular timing strategies) can be useful for analyzing the reactions of tourism entrepreneurs to changes in times of crisis and taking advantage of opportunities arising from crisis situations. From a practical point of view, we show what strategies, depending on entrepreneurs’ subjective assessment of the current and future conditions for implementing changes, can serve organizational resilience in times of crisis. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: This paper fills a research gap related to the use of the concepts of chance management and timing strategies from the perspective of tourist enterprises resilience, previously not used in this context and to a limited extent used in the general management literature so far.

Development of Robust AI Based X-Ray Analysis WorkFlow Based on Real-Time out of Distribution Detection

In medicine, the role of artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly common. An important example here is the application of AI in X-Ray analysis, as a known aspect of medical imaging and finding-detection. However, the effectiveness of AI image analysis may be challenging due to the out-of-distribution (OOD) records, i.e. data that significantly differ from the data set used to train the model. These OOD data may result from symptoms, that the model is not prepared for, or even from unpredictable tool behaviour, environmental changes or new errors that have not occurred during the data-gathering phase. This paper shows that with proper OOD analysis the AI-based tool may be prepared for handling “unknown” input data.

Https://www.irjiet.com/common_src/article_file/1716540775_0dc51af746_8_irjiet.pdf

The Philippines faces unpredictable weather changes that cause inconvenience for traditional hanging methods, impacting the time and effort required to retrieve clothes hung outdoors, especially when residents are away and unable to respond quickly. Thus, there is a need to innovate the traditional clothesline to fit the changing demands of climate problems. Moreover, this study aimed to design and develop an automated solarpowered IoT-based Blynk clothesline retriever with SMS status updates. Utilizing a Research and Development Design ensured a concise methodology for creating and evaluating the prototype. The researchers successfully developed a program logic and determined its masshandling capability, with a maximum load of 22.4 kg and a threshold value of 20.3 kg. Furthermore, analysis showed no significant difference in retrieval speed (0.227 m/s) between no load and maximum load, and the reaction time remained constant at 1 second across all trials. Additionally, the prototype received high acceptability (M = 4.40) and adaptability (M = 4.25) ratings from evaluators. In conclusion, the researchers successfully developed an automated clothesline retriever with SMS status updates and a program logic, demonstrating high durability, fast retrieval speed, and consistent reaction time, with high acceptability and adaptability. This presents a viable solution to weather-related disruptions in traditional hanging methods. Ultimately, utilizing the automated clothesline retriever in the daily lives of Filipinos addresses the needs of residents facing challenges with retrieving hung clothes outdoors due to unpredictable weather conditions.

Generalized Dissipativity-Based Receding Horizon FIR Filtering with Deadbeat Property

This paper proposes a new approach to designing the receding horizon finite impulse response (FIR) filter based on the generalized dissipativity concept. A new sufficient condition is established in the form of the linear matrix inequality (LMI) and linear matrix equality (LME) for generalized dissipative FIR filtering with deadbeat property. In contrast to the existing works on FIR filtering, this paper presents the <formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex>$H_{\infty}$</tex> </formula> FIR filter, the <formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex>$l_{2}-l_{\infty}$</tex> </formula> FIR filter, the passive FIR filter, and the <formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex>$(\cal{Q}, \cal{S}, \cal{R})-\alpha$</tex> </formula> -dissipative FIR filter in a unified framework. A design condition for the generalized dissipative FIR filter (GDFF) without LME is also discussed. By means of a numerical example, it is shown that the developed approach provides an FIR filter with more robustness against unpredictable short-time model changes than the existing ones.

Human Resource Management Strategies to Improve Performance in the Digital Era

In the ever-growing digital era, human resource management (HR) strategies have become very important to improve organizational performance and efficiency. This research focuses on the implementation of digital technology in various HR processes, including automation of administrative tasks, technology-based recruiting, and performance management. This digitalization not only increases operational efficiency, but also provides better insight into managerial decision making. One of the key aspects of this research is the development of employees' digital skills. In a world of work that is increasingly dependent on technology, having employees who are digitally skilled is an invaluable asset. This includes training in data analysis, programming, and utilizing the latest digital platforms. This training not only improves individual performance, but also strengthens the organization's ability to compete in the global market. This research also highlights the importance of remote work as an HR strategy in the digital era. The global pandemic has accelerated the adoption of remote work models, showing that flexibility in work can improve employee productivity and work-life balance. Additionally, remote work opens up opportunities for organizations to access global talent without geographic limitations. Finally, this research emphasizes the importance of creating an adaptive and collaborative organizational culture. This culture that encourages innovation and continuous learning is essential to taking full advantage of the benefits of the digital era. Through this approach, organizations can not only survive, but also thrive amidst rapid and unpredictable change.

PERAMALAN PERSEDIAAN OBAT FLU DAN BATUK MEREK SNF UNTUK TAHUN 2024 DI GUDANG PT BCD MENGGUNAKAN METODE DEKOMPOSISI

PT BCD is a company which engages in the field of the distribution sector. Besides distributing, PT BCD also has a warehouse which is used as a place to store stock of goods that have not been sent to customers. The products distributed include medicines, pharmaceutical equipment, veterinary products and other consumer goods. However, recently the products most frequently ordered by customers are cough and flu medicines considering the unpredictable weather changes and increasing pollution. When compared with other brands, SNF brand cough and flu medicine products are the most frequently ordered products over the past two years. However, the amount of demand for these products is often uncertain every quarter. This sometimes causes customer orders set to a pending stock so that customers have to wait quite long for the product to be received or in other conditions the product in the warehouse is overstock so that the stock must be transferred between branches. To anticipate this happening in the future, which mean at 2024, forecasting needs to be done so that the supply of SNF brand medicine can be estimated more precisely. In this research, forecasting was carried out using the decomposition method to determine how many folding boxes should be provided in each quarter in 2024. From the forecasting results, we obtained an estimate of the stock that must be provided in the 1st quarter is 438 folding boxes, 340 folding boxes for the 2nd quarter, in the 3rd quarter approximately need 379 folding boxes and in the fourth quarter there were 270 folding boxes needed

FOREIGN ECONOMY SECURITY IN THE CONTEXT OF INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION AND CONTRACTUAL RELATIONS / ԱՐՏԱՔԻՆ ՏՆՏԵՍՈՒԹՅԱՆ ԱՆՎՏԱՆԳՈՒԹՅՈՒՆԸ ՄԻՋԱԶԳԱՅԻՆ ԻՆՏԵԳՐԱՑԻՈՆ ԵՎ ՊԱՅՄԱՆԱԳՐԱՅԻՆ ՀԱՐԱԲԵՐՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԻ ՀԱՄԱՏԵՔՍՏՈՒՄ

Economic security is the most important component of national security, the importance of which is key in protecting the interests of society and the state. Economic security, depending on economic, social, political, military, scientific and technical and other factors, characterizes the degree of effectiveness of state security. It is particularly relevant to study the security of the foreign economy as a continuous development and effective cooperation of Armenia's bilateral and multilateral relations with all states and organizations. The purpose of the article is to study the security and unpredictable changes that, along with the existing threats, create new challenges for Armenia. The objective of the research was to study the security issues of the foreign economy, international documents related to economic cooperation and mutual security, and to identify the means of ensuring the security of foreign economic relations. In the framework of the article, using logical, analytical, systemic-structural, interpretive methods, the problems related to the security of the foreign economy were studied and the measures to ensure the security of the foreign economic relations were proposed. As a result of studies and analyses, it is recommended to ensure organizationally the practical implementation of the provisions laid down by the regulatory legal acts and to differentiate the rules related to different types and forms of foreign economic activity. As a result of the analysis, the following scientific novelty was obtained: the mandatory component of the long-term national security strategy in the field of ensuring external economic security is the regulatory framework, but the multidimensional nature of economic security issues determines their interdisciplinary nature. The obtained results can be useful to the managers of the sector, researchers interested in the sector and civil society to form correct ideas about the provision of economic security, to review their actions related to the sector.

Public Policy in the Digital Era: Transformation of Political Communication

Communication is a basic human activity in everyday life, communication is an important component for the survival of humans or community groups. The current development of information technology is able to change social, cultural and even political communication patterns in Indonesia and even the world so that in practice political communication has now begun to shift from conventional to social media. The massive use of the internet among the public is an indication of the digital era which is giving rise to unpredictable changes in the direction of the pace. This research aimed to find out what kind of public policies are made in the current digital era. The research uses a qualitative research method with a library study method as the data collection method. This literature study aims to enrich the author's information as well as enrich data or research materials in the field. The results of this research are that public policy in the digital era has had a positive impact or influence on the transformation of political communication in Indonesia, and social media is also able to change political communication patterns from conventional to social media by utilizing applications such as Facebook and Instagram to reach its target audience. and gain a political voice.

RESOURCES FOR ADAPTATION TO LEARNING STUDENTS – FUTURE BACHELORS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING IN THE CURRENT EDUCATIONAL CONDITIONS

Abstract: the article explores the impact of martial law on the self-educational activities of students – future bachelors of mechanical engineering specialities in higher education institutions. The necessity of increasing the internal resources of students for their effective adaptation to the crisis and unpredictable changes in the educational environment and related stress factors is substantiated. The arguments for determining the psychological well-being of students by means of effective stress management and effective learning in stressful situations and uncertainty are validated. The article presents the results of a pedagogical experiment aimed at determining the relationship between the psychological well-being of future bachelors of mechanical engineering specialities and their self-educational activities in the current educational environment. The importance of independent cognitive activity of mechanical engineering students is emphasised, which focusses on the ability to withstand challenges both in the educational environment and in the extracurricular life of students, which positively affects the level of their psychological well-being.

Transition from Hashimoto thyroiditis to Graves's Disease: an unpredictable change?

Hashimoto thyroiditis and Graves's disease are two related autoimmune disorders, representing the leading causes of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Autoimmune hypothyroidism is generally irreversible but very rarely, some patients would shift to hyperthyroidism. The aim of the study was to seek for possible clinical predictors of the transition from hypo to hyperthyroidism in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis and to outline their clinical phenotype. Twelve patients with overt autoimmune hypothyroidism who had at least one transition from hypothyroidism to autoimmune hyperthyroidism were compared with 294 consecutive patients with autoimmune hypothyroidism and 69 consecutive patients with autoimmune hyperthyroidism that accessed the outpatient clinic over six months. Demographic, hormonal data and autoantibodies titers were compared. Prevalence of smoking habit was significantly higher in switchers compared to controls. Switchers showed a significantly higher prevalence of personal and familial history of non-thyroidal autoimmune disorders. TSH levels were significantly lower in the switcher group during the hypothyroid phase and levothyroxine dose required was lower. TSH concentrations were significantly lower while free fT4 and free fT3 values were higher in GD patients compared to switchers during the hyperthyroid phase despite comparable TRAb levels. Prevalence and type of hyperthyroid symptoms and orbitopathy were similar between switchers and GD group. Mean dose of anti-thyroid drugs was significantly higher in GD patients compared to switchers. No differences were observed in the remission rate from hyperthyroidism between the two groups, despite switchers showed a significantly lower time-to-remission. Conversion of Hashimoto Thyroiditis towards Graves' disease is a rare phenomenon which can occur almost at any time after the development of autoimmune hypothyroidism. Our findings suggest active surveillance of hypothyroid patients who require frequent reduction of levothyroxine during follow up and testing for TSHR antibodies in these patients.

VALUE OF PANCASILA STUDENT PROFILE IN CATUR PRAMANA LEARNING MODEL

The information age brings humans to live in uncertainty and unpredictable change. Therefore, to prepare competitive graduates, the government has prepared a curriculum known as the Merdeka Curriculum. The main aim of the Merdeka curriculum is to form a Pancasila student profile. Talking about learning, Hinduism recognizes a way of learning or acquiring knowledge known as Catur Pramana. In this article, the value of the Pancasila student profile contained in Catur Pramana-based learning will be analyzed as literature research. The research stages consisted of collecting literature, reviewing the collected literature, sorting library sources according to the research objectives, analyzing data and drawing conclusions. The data analysis technique was carried out using content analysis techniques. The research results show that all the values of the Pancasila student profile are contained in the Catur Pramana learning model.

Risk Analysis on the Cassava Value Chain in Central Lampung Regency

The Central Lampung Regency is the center of cassava production in Lampung Province, the Indonesia’s largest cassava-producing province. Cassava has much promise; however, various risks arise throughout the value chain. Risks in the agricultural sector, including cassava farming, are unavoidable and severely impact stakeholders and consumers. This study aimed to identify the risks and the most effective mitigation measures for the cassava value chain. This research was conducted using the House of Risk (HOR) method, divided into two phases: HOR 1 and HOR 2. It involved 286 samples encompassing 263 farmers, six traders, three tapioca industries, eight non-tapioca industries, and six financial institutions. The risks were determined through the Supply Chain Operational Reference (SCOR) model. The results unveiled several priority risks in the cassava value chain, consisting of unpredictable weather changes, scarcity of fertilizers, the absence of farming standards, limited capital, delivery technical problems, price fluctuations, negligence of the workforce, default credit, and lack of customer or farmer knowledge leading to confusion. Furthermore, the risk mitigation actions covered preventing the risks of cassava farming; applying appropriate technology; utilizing production, marketing, and financing system assistance; preventing the risks of cassava trading business; implementing a structured market system; developing access to financing, institutions, and markets; developing marketing infrastructure; developing adaptive farming; monitoring during the credit period; socializing risk management to employees; and providing institutional, financing, and production assistance.

Potential yield and gap analysis (PYGA) of wheat in Ethiopia.

Abstract Global demand for food is rising due to unparallel population growth compared to agricultural productivity. Yield is supposed to double to feed global population in 2050 but climate change is making sustainable food production difficult for the increasing population. Wheat is one of the strategic crops for food security and increasing its productivity is vital for self-sufficiency. Ethiopia is the second largest wheat producer in the sub-Saharan Africa where the national average yield is below 3 t/ha despite the increasing total production mainly due to areal expansion rather than productivity per hectare. It is imperative and timely to realise wheat potential yield and identify factors that underly the current yield gap. Farmers in southeast Ethiopia have reportedly seen potential yields rising above 10 t/ha which prompted the current study to conduct scientific assessment of the maximum potential yield in the area for better policy and intervention. The trial was designed in partially irrigated and rainfed conditions and here we report that the farmers' actual yield gap was as low as 74% as showcased specifically with the devastating epidemic of new stem rust race known as the ' Digalu race ' occurred in the region in 2014/15. This necessitated replacement of the old varieties with high yielding and disease resistant varieties Sanate and Mandoyu. As the growing condition in 2015/16 season was favourable coupled with best management practices, two high yielding varieties, Sanate and Dire, were identified with the maximum attainable yields of 8921 and 8219 kg/ha, only 3% and 10% away from the model-predicted theoretical yield, respectively. The two varieties also had minimum water limitation index indicating that they are perfect fits for the recent wheat initiative by the Government of Ethiopia to realise self-sufficiency through irrigation and maximising yield potential. Even though we recommend modern breeding programs to capitalise their efforts on realising wheat potential yield through generation of new varieties and the deployment of modern cultivars such as Sanate and Mandoyu with their full management package, we admit that this research is limited in scope to reflect the whole rainfed and irrigated production systems in Ethiopia and hence would highlight the importance of further replicated research across years and locations to capture the variability especially due to the unpredictable climate change.

Metabolite profiling reveals the influence of grapevine genetic distance on the chemical signature of juices.

Yield, disease tolerance, and climate adaptation are important traits in grapevine genetic breeding programs. Selection for these characteristics causes unpredictable changes in primary and specialized metabolism, affecting the physicochemical properties and chemical composition of the berries and their processed products, juice, and wine. In this study, we investigated the influence of the genetic distance between grapevine genotypes on the chemical signatures of the juices, by integrating comprehensive metabolic profiling to genetic analyses. The studied grapevine cultivars exhibited low genetic diversity. Breeding for agronomic traits promoted higher contents of soluble sugars, total phenolics, and anthocyanins in the juices. Untargeted juice metabolomics identified a total of 147 metabolites, consisting of 30 volatiles, 21 phenolics, and 96 ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) features. Juices from grapes of the most recent cultivars exhibited increased levels of trans-resveratrol, catechin, and luteolin. The blend of volatiles from juices of later cultivars was also more complex, consisting of 29 distinct metabolites in 'BRS Magna'. Grapes from 'BRS Carmem', an intermediate cultivar, gave the most divergent UHPLC-MS juice profile. Contents of soluble solids, total phenolics, and anthocyanins in grape juices were increased by controlled crosses and hybrid selection. Integrative analyses demonstrated that the juices' metabolic profiles accurately represent the cultivars' genetic distances. Juices from 'BRS Violeta' and 'BRS Magna' show relevant positive association with health-related phenolics and a distinct set of odor volatiles, although these characteristics were specifically sought by breeding. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

Distributed Detour Routing Scheme for Link Failure with Minimized Overhead in LEO Satellite Networks

The mobility of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites causes the LEO satellite network to experience topology changes. Topology change includes periodic topology change that occurs naturally and unpredictable topology change that occurs due to instability of the inter-satellite link between satellites. Periodic and unpredictable topology change causes frequent topology change, requiring massive communications throughout the network due to frequent route convergence. LEO satellites have limited onboard power because they operate on batteries. The waste of limited satellite onboard resources shortens the lifespan of the satellite, and achieving stable end-to-end transmission is challenging for the network. In this regard, minimizing communication overhead is a fundamental consideration when designing a routing scheme. In this paper, we propose a distributed detour routing scheme with minimal communication overhead. This routing scheme consists of a rapid detour, selective flooding, and link recovery procedures. When a link failure occurs in the network, a rapid detour can detect link failure using only a precalculated routing table. Subsequently, selective flooding searches for the optimal detour point within the minimum hop region and flood to detour point. After link recovery, a procedure is defined to traverse the pre-detour path and switch it back to the original path. The simulation results show that the proposed routing scheme achieves a reduction of communication overhead by 97.6% compared with the n-hop flooding approach.