Unnecessary Objects Research Articles

The Study of the Movement of Cotton Particles and Mathematical Modeling of the Impact of It at the Ginning Point

This article studied the principles of movements in the horizontal part of the newly constructed ginning camera, which is created by the authors, of the cotton particles. During the movement, the cotton particles get affected by pressing to various surface and forceful turbulent and horizontal movements of the surface. Some foreign mixtures and additional unnecessary objects get separated by the turbulence of the various surfaces and movement of the paneled stripes. Ginning efficiency and the quality of the cotton will be improved as the defects of the cotton particles are removed. “Cotton particle + net surface” movement principle of the Cartesian coordinate system was examined based on the rows of Cartesian coordinate system, by dividing all sides of the system by m weight and has the following second ordered multiple gender differential formula.

INDOOR SPATIAL DATA CONSTRUCTION FROM TRIANGLE MESH

Abstract. The 3D triangle mesh is widely used to represent indoor space. One of widely used methods of generating 3D triangle mesh data of indoor space is the construction from the point cloud collected using LIDAR. However, there are many problems in using generated triangle mesh data as a geometric representation of the indoor space. First, the number of triangles forming the triangle mesh is very large, which results in a bottleneck of the performance for storage and management. Second, no consideration on the properties of indoor space has been done by the previous work on mesh simplification for indoor geometric representation. Third, there is no research to construct indoor spatial standard data from triangle mesh data. For resolving these problems, we propose the a method for generating triangular mesh data for indoor geometric representation based in the observations mentioned above. First this method removes unnecessary objects and reduces the number of surfaces from the original fine-grained triangular mesh data using the properties of indoor space. Second, it also produces indoor geometric data in IndoorGML – an OGC standard for indoor spatial data model. In experimental studies, we present a case study of indoor triangle mesh data from real world and compare results with raw data.

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION TOWERS DETECTION IN LOW-RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGES

In this paper, we have implemented an automatic system for transmission towers detection in low-resolution satellite images. The satellite images are captured from Google Earth® software. The area of interest is located in Selangor-Malaysia. The satellite image went through several algorithms, including preprocessing the image in order to make it suitable for the current application and then threshold the image to detect the complete area of the transmission towers. Subsequently, this image enhanced and binarized again in order to eliminate the unnecessary objects that might be found in the transmission tower area. Finally, we tracked the boundaries for each transmission tower and label it. The proposed algorithm is tested over 100 low-resolution satellite image. Our algorithm leads to a promising outcome.

영상 인페인팅을 이용한 틀린그림찾기 게임 컨텐츠 자동 생성 기법

In this paper, we propose a method to automatically create the contents for spot-the-difference games. A spot-the-difference game is the game that finds the differences such as removal of some objects in the image or changes of shapes and colors from the original image. The original purpose of the exemplar-based image inpainting technique is to remove unnecessary objects. We use the exemplar-based inpainting technique to make the spot-the-difference game contents. From our implementation and experiments, we showed the effectiveness of our automatic generation technique of spot-the-difference contents.

A comprehensive propagation prediction model comprising microfacet based scattering and probability based coverage optimization algorithm.

Although ray tracing based propagation prediction models are popular for indoor radio wave propagation characterization, most of them do not provide an integrated approach for achieving the goal of optimum coverage, which is a key part in designing wireless network. In this paper, an accelerated technique of three-dimensional ray tracing is presented, where rough surface scattering is included for making a more accurate ray tracing technique. Here, the rough surface scattering is represented by microfacets, for which it becomes possible to compute the scattering field in all possible directions. New optimization techniques, like dual quadrant skipping (DQS) and closest object finder (COF), are implemented for fast characterization of wireless communications and making the ray tracing technique more efficient. In conjunction with the ray tracing technique, probability based coverage optimization algorithm is accumulated with the ray tracing technique to make a compact solution for indoor propagation prediction. The proposed technique decreases the ray tracing time by omitting the unnecessary objects for ray tracing using the DQS technique and by decreasing the ray-object intersection time using the COF technique. On the other hand, the coverage optimization algorithm is based on probability theory, which finds out the minimum number of transmitters and their corresponding positions in order to achieve optimal indoor wireless coverage. Both of the space and time complexities of the proposed algorithm surpass the existing algorithms. For the verification of the proposed ray tracing technique and coverage algorithm, detailed simulation results for different scattering factors, different antenna types, and different operating frequencies are presented. Furthermore, the proposed technique is verified by the experimental results.

Red-Black Tree Based Fast and Accurate Ray Tracing for Indoor Radio Wave Prediction

Ray tracing is a well-known technique to investigate the multipath propagation in the complex indoor environment. However, it still suffers from the computation time and ray prediction accuracy for the complex indoor environment. Therefore, a new three dimensional (3D) ray tracing based on the Red-Black tree along with object skipping and surface extraction techniques for the complex indoor environment is presented in this paper. The Red-Black tree data structure provides a faster object retrieval mechanism while object skipping technique prevents the unnecessary objects to take part in intersection tests, thus accelerates the ray tracing. Conversely, the surface extraction is a novel technique that makes the tracing of the ray paths easily and accurately, mostly for the complex 3D environment. In addition, the calculation of exact ray paths that reach the receiver after multiple reflections, refractions and/or diffractions is also considered in this paper. The obtained results show that the proposed method provides superior improvement of ray prediction time (75.65% on average) and ray prediction accuracy (27.78% on average) than the existing ray tracing methods.

An Assertion Mechanism for Software Unit Testing to Remain Unaffected by Program Modification: The Mechanism to Eliminate Dependency from/to Unnecessary Objects

An Assertion Mechanism for Software Unit Testing to Remain Unaffected by Program Modification: The Mechanism to Eliminate Dependency from/to Unnecessary Objects

Video Completion with Spatio-Temporal Features for Video Caption Removal

We propose a video completion method for automatically removing unnecessary objects from video. Using this method, a user selects an object from a frame on our interface, and the corresponding objects are extracted from all frames of the video. Based on estimated camera/object motions, visually plausible video completion with spatio-temporal features is achieved by repeatedly using the temporal correlation between adjacent frames and the spatial correlation between adjacent pixels in a frame. Experiments were conducted that targeted and removed video captions to evaluate processing time and visual plausibility.

Implementation and evaluation of adaptive garbage collection

Some garbage collection (GC) algorithms use a given threshold to control their behavior. Objects are classified according to their lifetimes, and the optimum threshold is used to efficiently collect unnecessary objects. Determining the approximate threshold value is crucial to such algorithms because the threshold value has a strong influence on the algorithm efficiency. Since memory usage depends on how intensively applications are being run, it is necessary to dynamically adjust the threshold. Demographic feedback-mediated tenuring (DFMT) is an algorithm that adjusts the threshold dynamically according to cell usage pattern. In this scheme, permanent objects are copied repeatedly in the space for the young generation. Our adaptive garbage collection (AGC) is an efficient garbage collection algorithm that solves this problem. AGC adjusts the threshold dynamically according to the fraction of cells used. We propose GC cost as a measure for quantitatively evaluating the efficiency of generation-dependent garbage collection with the copy scheme, and compare AGC and FGC (GC using DFMT). We show that AGC performs more efficiently for most applications. © 2000 Scripta Technica, Syst Comp Jpn, 31(14): 83–90, 2000

On defoliating Meinong's jungle

entities), that Quine's rhetorical demand for unsatisfiable identity criteria for nonexistent possibilia can have any force. Otherwise, the answer is obvious, and is just the solution Meinong gives in offering his thesis of the ontic neutrality or indifference of pure objects in the Auflersein, and of the ontic independence of Sosein from Sein. 26 If nonexistent nonsubsistent Meinongian objects belong to the extraontology rather than ontology of the Meinongian semantic domain, then, in the strict principle expresses the nonpsychologistic sense of Meinong's thesis of the unrestricted freedom of assumption (unbeschrankten Annahmenfreiheit) in intending mindindependent objects of thought. The set theoretical paradoxes associated with latitudinarian comprehension can be managed in several ways; i.e., by type-theory or existence restrictions on abstraction well-formedness, equivalence, or detachment (in effect controlling authorized substitution instances for 'F'). 26 To avoid logical inconsistency in Meinongian semantics a distinction between internal and external negation or predicate complementation and propositional negation for constitutive property predications is usually drawn, whereby it does not follow from the fact that an object has the complement of a constitutive property that the object therefore does not have the property. This distinction depends on Meinong's further division between constitutive (nuclear) and extraconstitutive (extranuclear) properties. Formal characterizations of the distinction between predicate complementation and propositional negation can equally be used to sharply define the nuclear-extranuclear property distinction. An extranuclear or extraconstitutive (CEN) property is one that can be defined in terms of logical operators and quantification over uninterpreted predicate symbols alone, while a nuclear or constitutive (CN) property is any property that is not categorical, or one that requires for its definition the interpretation of at least some predicate symbols. Formal criteria for the distinction can thus be provided in these terms: (CN) -'n(VXl)...(VXn)(VFn)(~FnXl...Xn = ff'nxl...Xn) (CEN) (~/Xl)...(VXn)(VFnt)(~FntXl...Xn = ff-'n!x l...xn) Meinong introduced the distinction between konstitutorische and auflerkonstitutorische Bestimmungen (constitutive and extraconstitutive properties) in [Meinong 1915], 176177. [Findlay 1963], 176, proposed the English translations 'nuclear' and'extranuclear'. See [Jacquette 1985-1986], 423-438; [Jacquette 1994], 345-359. ON DEFOLIATING MEINONG'S JUNGLE 31 sense of the word, Meinong in allowing incomplete and impossible nonexistent and nonsubsistent objects cannot rightly be said to have planted a jungle by inflating ontology with explanatorily or otherwise theoretically unnecessary objects. The objects he postulates are in fact strictly needed to account for the intentionality or object-directedness of ordinary and scientific thought and discourse. Yet beingless objects do not inflate ontology, because they reside instead in the Meinongian semantic domain's extraontology. Meinong obviously does not claim that nonexistent nonsubsistent objects exist or subsist, By denying the being-predication thesis, on the contrary, Meinong allows his semantics to refer to and truly predicate constitutive properties of absolutely beingless objects. Nor can Meinong's object theory correctly be said to have planted a tangled jungle in the sense of admitting logically or metaphysically disorderly objects into the ontology or extraontology. Beingless Meinongian objects are identified and individuated on the basis of the constitutive properties truly predicated of them as constituting their being-indifferent beingindependent natures or so-beings. Meinong's object theory is neither an excessively lush or tangled semantic jungle. 27 6. Abstracta in a Meinongian Extraontology The distinction between Meinongian ontology and extraontology makes it possible for an object theory semantics to support an even more parsimonious ontology in its commitment to fewer or fewer kinds of existent objects than Russell's later extensionalist theory of entities or 'individuals', including universals, or Quine's extensionalist desert landscape ontology of spatiotemporal entities and (including some tumbleweeds) abstract classes. The idea is to have available a nonexistent nonsubsistent abstract referent that does all the work of traditional existent or subsistent absfract entities, but for which ontic commitment is unnecessary. The object theory developed by Meinong and his students provides precisely the concepts needed for an analysis of this kind. They make it possible to go beyond concerns about whether Meinong planted a jungle to present an ontically more streamlined desert-like ontology of existent entities than that provided by even the most austere extensionalist semantic domains. 28 Once we have admitted the division of a Meinongian semantics into ontology and extraontology, it is a relatively simple matter to propose a principled basis for consigning all abstract traditionally subsistent entities from 27 [Meinong 1969-1978], II, 490-93. See [Chisholm 1972] and [Grossmann 1974]. The independence of Sosein from Sein thesis was formulated by Meinong's student Ernst Mally, in his [1904], 127. See [Findlay 1963], 44, [Lambert 1982] and [1983], [Griffin1979]. 2s See also [Campbell 1972], 89-102.