University Of Jaen Research Articles

Estimation of the Physical Progress of Work Using UAV and BIM in Construction Projects

The delay in the physical progress of construction creates additional costs, missed deadlines, and quality issues. The research aimed to estimate the physical progress of the project by using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and building information modeling (BIM). The methodology comprised capturing 848 high-resolution images of the Civil Engineering Laboratory construction site at the National University of Jaen, Cajamarca, Peru, using the Phantom 4 RTK drone. The photographs were processed using Agisoft 2.0.1 software, resulting in a point cloud. This was then imported into ReCap Pro 2023 software, which was used to assess the quality of the points. The Revit 2023 software was subsequently utilized to establish the phase parameters, linking the BIM model with the point cloud, filtering the model, and eventually exporting it to the Power BI 2023 software. The work's estimated progress utilizing the proposed methodology was 42.82%, which was not statistically significant compared to the Public Works Information System (INFOBRAS) of 43.14%. This allows for the automation of customary processes, the identification of crucial issues, and prompt decision-making. The study's originality lies in the suggestion of integrating aerial imagery with drones and BIM modeling for the real-time and precise estimation of work progression. This method provides a precise and effective substitute for traditional techniques for gauging the tangible advancement of projects. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-02-02 Full Text: PDF

Differences is students' performance, (mis)calibration, and confidence judgments depending on their preferred sitting position in class

Students who perform better academically are generally more accurate in assessing their performance. In other words, they are better calibrated, showing smaller discrepancy between their predicted and actual performance. Research into contextual variables related to performance has shown that students sitting position may be related to their performance in class. In the current study we attempted to bring several lines of research together and examine whether there are differences in academic performance, calibration, and confidence judgments among students who choose various sitting positions in the classroom.130 college students (M = 21.52, SD = 1.59; 103 female) attending courses at the University of Jaen in Spain participated. Results revealed that students' calibration differed depending on their preferred sitting position. We found that students in middle rows were optimally calibrated, students in the front rows overestimated their performance, and those in the back rows tended to underestimate their performance. Furthermore, students in the front rows were the most confident in their estimates, whereas students in the middle and back rows were less confident, suggesting the manifestation of the Dunning-Kruger effect. Future directions for contextual variables contributing to students' optimal calibration are discussed.

Convolutional Neural Network for Predicting Failure Type in Concrete Cylinders During Compression Testing

Cracks in concrete cause structural damage, and it is important to identify and classify them. The objective of the research was to describe the behavior and predict the type of failure in concrete cylinders using convolutional neural networks. The methodology consisted of creating a database of 2650 images of failure types in concrete cylinders tested in compression at the Laboratory of Testing and Strength of Materials of the National University of Jaen, Cajamarca, Peru. To identify cracks on the concrete surface, the database was divided into training (60%), validation (20%), and testing (20%), and a transfer learning approach was developed using the MobileNet, DenseNet121, ResNet50, and VGG16 algorithms from the Keras library, programmed in Python. To validate the performance of each model, the following indicators were used: recall, precision, and F1 score. The results show that the models studied correctly classified the type of failure in concrete with accuracies of 96, 91, 86, and 90%, with the MobileNet algorithm being the best predictor with 96%. The novelty of the study was the development of deep learning algorithms with different architectures that can be used in structural health assessment as an automated and reliable method compared to traditional ones. In addition, these trained algorithms can be used as source code in drones for structural monitoring. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-09-01 Full Text: PDF

Neurodidactic teacher training program for educational dropouts in vulnerable groups

Neurodidactic is presented as an effective teaching tool for creating an equitable society, regardless of the population. This educational methodology, which has recently been introduced in teacher training, supports students with functional diversity, special educational needs, sensory diversity (visual or auditory), and those belonging to the Gypsy ethnic group. Neurodidactics emphasizes that the teacher's role is to create synapses in the neuronal structures through activities that a student finds innovative, attractive, and motivating. To achieve this, it is necessary to identify the aspects that should be included in the training of teachers to work with students who belong to vulnerable groups and to develop effective intervention programs based on neurodidactics. The study population comprises professors of higher education at the University of Jaen (UJA) who responded to a Likert scale survey using an operationalization table. The survey was conducted to determine the professors' knowledge of neuroscience, particularly neurodidactics.

Determination of the California Bearing Ratio of the Subgrade and Granular Base Using Artificial Neural Networks

The objective of the research is to estimate the value of the California bearing ratio (CBR) through the application of ANN. The methodology consists of creating a database with soil index and CBR variables of the subgrades and granular base of pavements in Jaen, Peru, carried out in the soil mechanics laboratories of the city and the National University of Jaen. In addition, the Python library Seaborn is for variable selection and relevance, and the scikit-learn and Keras libraries were used for the learning, training, and validation stage. Five ANN are proposed to estimate the CBR value, obtaining an error of 4.47% in the validation stage. It can be concluded that this method is effective and valid to determine the CBR value in subgrades and granular bases of any pavement for its evaluation or design.

Application of the Greenhouse Gas Protocol (GHG Protocol) and the ISO 14064-1: 2006 standard for the estimation of the carbon footprint at the National University of Jaen in 2021

The objective of the study is to estimate the Carbon Footprint of the National University of Jaen (UNJ), for the period 2021. The direct Scope 1 (fuel consumption) and indirect Scope 2 (electricity consumption) greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions were calculated from CO2, CH4 and N2O produced in 29 administrative offices of the university campus. The methodology used was proposed by the GHG Protocol and ISO 14064-1:2006. For fuel emission factors, the indicators established by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) were used, and for electrical energy: 1.56E-01 tCO2/MWh, 9.70E-06 tCH4/MWh, 1.20E-06 tN2O/MWh, and specific conversion factors established by the Ministry of the Environment (MINAM) were used. The results show that a total of 29.3937 tCO2eq were emitted, being CO2 the predominant GHG (23.1364 t). Scope 1 contributed 15,6827 tCO2eq, occupying the highest participation with 53.35 %.

Self-Confidence, Satisfaction, and Knowledge of Nursing Students with Training in Basic Life Support in Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.

A flipped classroom integrating clinical simulation has been shown to be effective for basic life support (BLS) competencies in nursing students. Cardiopulmonary arrests (CPAs) in pregnant women have a low incidence but high morbidity and mortality. Current trends show an increasing incidence; however, most official university nursing training curricula do not include specific training modules for BLS in pregnant women. This study aims to know the satisfaction and self-confidence of nursing students with respect to a training intervention regarding in BLS in pregnant women. Additionally, it aims to assess the adequacy of this intervention for acquiring the necessary knowledge on the subject. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Jaen in 2022. Data were collected on sociodemographic factors, previous contact with the topic, and topic knowledge in addition to the use of an SCLS questionnaire to measure satisfaction. Participants took the BLS training (a flipped classroom integrating clinical simulation on this topic) before answering the questionnaire. A total of 136 students participated. The mean score on the BLS questionnaire was 9.10 out of 10 (SD = 1.01). The mean score for the SCLS questionnaire for females was 62.36 (SD = 7.70) and 56.23 (SD = 16.94) for the male group. Age showed a statistically significant association with SCLS score: the score decreased with an increase in age (p < 0.001). The flipped classroom, integrating simulation for BLS in pregnant women, improves self-confidence, satisfaction, and knowledge on the topic.

Validation of General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) questionnaire in Spanish nursing students.

Nursing students are at risk of anxiety during their university education. To determine the psychometric characteristics of the General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) questionnaire in a population of university nursing students. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 170 students at the University of Jaen (Spain) in 2022. An online questionnaire was administered that included sociodemographic and student profile variables, the GAD-7 questionnaire, and the Goldberg anxiety subscale. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA), validation with convergence, and reliability analysis using Cronbach's α were performed. The EFA identified a single component that explained 63.50% of the variance. It was positively correlated with the Goldberg anxiety subscale (r=0.653; p<0.001). A statistically significant association was observed with academic year, gender, and having experienced an anxiety crisis (p<0.005). Internal consistency with Cronbach's α was 0.903. The GAD-7 presents appropriate psychometric characteristics for use in a university population of nursing students. It is capable of detecting symptoms and generalized anxiety disorder, making it a useful and simple tool for detecting anxiety-related problems in this population.

Knowledge of Sexuality and Contraception in Students at a Spanish University: A Descriptive Study.

Youth is a period characterized by impulsiveness and risk-taking. This population often feels invulnerable and has a strong motivation to seek out their identity. These characteristics make it a risky age period for an unwanted pregnancy. This study aimed to investigate the level of knowledge about sexuality and contraception among nursing students at the University of Jaen. The students completed a 16-item questionnaire assessing their knowledge level about sexuality and contraception. A bivariate analysis was performed using the Kruskal–Wallis H and Mann–Whitney U tests. Later, an ordinal logistic regression model was generated. The sample consisted of 130 participants, with an average age of 20.36 years. The level of knowledge about sexuality and contraception was moderately high, 10.38 points out of 16. The factors associated with the probability of accordingly presenting a high level of knowledge were being a woman, having studied in a public institution, not having used any contraceptive method in the first sexual experience, and wishing to use a contraceptive pill in future sexual relations. In conclusion, the knowledge level about sexuality and contraception is high, although it is necessary to assess whether this level of high knowledge translates to the use of contraceptive methods in future sexual experiences.

"Some Medicinal Plants of Interest for their Content in Alkaloids I"

Cano Ortiz A, Piñar Fuentes JC and Cano E* Author Affiliations Department of Animal, Plant and Ecology Biology Botany area, Jaen University, University Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, Spain Received: March 03, 2022 | Published: March 11, 2022 Corresponding author: Eusebio Cano Camona, Department of Animal, Plant and Ecology Biology Botany area, Jaen University, University Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaen, Spain DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2022.42.006765

Undergraduate nursing students' knowledge of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias care

The increase in the number of people with Alzheimer's disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) will results in an increased need for nurses with up-to-date knowledge of ADRD and who are well-educated in ADRD care. Therefore, it is important to be sure that this topic is covered in the undergraduate nursing curriculum.To assess undergraduate nursing students' knowledge of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias care.Cross-sectional study carried out among nursing students at two universities in southern Spain. The University of Jaen (UJA)-Alzheimer's Care scale was used to measure their knowledge.The mean age of the students was 21.39 years, and 83.2% of the 678 students were women. For students, the UJA-Alzheimer's Care scale has a good fit and reliability of 0.99 for the items and 0.74 for the persons, according to the Rasch model. The mean knowledge score of nursing students was 15.33 (SD 3.69) out of 23; (95%CI: 15.06-15.61). The value of the latent variable (theta) was 1.16 (SD 1.21); (95%CI: 1.06-1.25). The factors positively associated with students' knowledge were the number of years in the program, experience in caring for a patient with ADRD during their placements, and the education on ADRD received in the nursing program as self-rated by the students.The UJA-Alzheimer's Care scale is a useful tool for measuring knowledge of ADRD care among nursing students in Spain and other Spanish-speaking countries. Nursing students at the two universities reached moderate scores in the knowledge of ADRD care. More years in the nursing program, practical experience in clinical placements, and higher self-rated level of education on ADRD received during the program were associated with higher scores on knowledge.

The adoption of corporate social responsibility active learning methodology with management accounting students

The aim of this paper is to integrate active methodology on corporate social responsibility (CSR)11CSR: Corporate Social Responsibility. learning into management accounting studies. The linkages between sustainable management and management accounting demand those future managers integrate CSR into their training in an effective way, as they will become change agents for CSR. A representative sample of students at the University of Jaen has been selected in order to adopt CSR active learning, which allows us to draw conclusions about how they perceive CSR and its management. Qualitative methodology has been integrated in this project-based learning using flipped classroom. Our evidence full supports the validity of the CSR active learning methodology to create an effective learning context that involves professional and emotional competences, as the answers offered mainly included some relevant topics covered by CSR research and social and environmental accounting (SEA). This study contributes to previous literature assessing the potential of active methodologies in CSR learning. Also, it provides important insights for university and business school managers to design or modify curricula that are related to management accounting in line with sustainability.

Pintando con acuarelas en el lugar más lluvioso del mundo

This work reflects the story of an artistic experience developed in Ecuador, specifically in the biogeographic zone of Choco, in the north of the country. This region, located on the western face of the Andes mountain range, is home to one of the most important biodiversity hotspots on the planet, and is also the region in the world with the highest rainfall records, trapping clouds from 800 meters and reaching between 3,000 and 10,000 mm of rain per year. The objective was none other than to record a sample of the enormous biodiversity of the Choco through notes from the natural in a field notebook. For this, a stay was made in the Mashpi Reserve, which has a laboratory, research center, hotel and network of trails, to take notes of the natural flora and fauna species present in the reserve, and carry out a larger work based on these notes made for use in environmental awareness and dissemination. A project that links science, art and direct experience in equal parts and that has involved a whole scientific, artistic and research community to achieve it. Work financially supported by the Doctoral School of the University of Jaen.

Sustainable Education: Using Social Networks in Education for Change

Creating societies of the future goes hand in hand with promoting sustainable education and, therefore, universities must train educators who, through their own professional development, put into practice methodologies that are active, participative, and focused on the overall development of their students. The use of methodologies like Design Thinking and the use of social networks generate learning dynamics that bring into play key competences in the development of dedicated future educators. In this study, 156 students from Education degrees at the University of Jaen analyze how the use of these methodologies supports the learning process in dimensions such as creativity, motivation, communication, and involvement in learning, among others. The results shows that all dimensions correlate positively, and that the benefits derived from the use of these methodologies are perceived by students as greater than the effort required to put them into practice.

Editorial

When we talk about science, it has various definitions thought history, as well as various types. However, Science comes from the Latin scientia and is defined as a set of knowledge obtained through observation and reasoning, systematically structured and from which general principles and laws are deduced with predictive and experimentally verifiable capacity (Douven, 2002; RAE, 2020). Furthermore, science is about real things that happen in the world; science tries to provide a consistent understanding of these things (Derry, 2018) and I selected this general concept because through the scientific method we can do science, and science helps to break paradigms (Arndt, 1985; Feder, 2017) and allows the advancement of knowledge; nonetheless, there are things that science has not yet explained such as art or poetry but we cannot return to obscurantism for things that science does not yet explain (Denegri, 2008).&#x0D; According to (Schimel, 2012) affirms that the objective of a researcher who publishes is that he or she should be cited; nonetheless, I agree with these authors (Fiske &amp; Campbell, 1992) the most important before being cited is to solve problems in medicine, agriculture, ecology and among other disciplines as well. The National University of Jaen was founded on December 12, 2008, in Cajamarca, Peru, and makes a great effort to promote science at different geographical scales and fields through its Multidisciplinary Journal Pakamuros and calls on the International Scientific Community to address the Global problems that afflict us today as the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 and Global Warming and propose solutions through the scientific method and inter-institutional cooperation for the benefit of humanity.

SEM model for technological, ecological and inclusive teacher training in times of pandemic

This work tries to analyze the relationship between teacher training (TT), teacher training in inclusive education (TTIE), teacher training in technologies (TTT), teacher training in ecology (TTE) and teacher training in time of pandemic (TTP), through a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with structural equation model (SEM) of a Likert scale created ad hoc, validated and confirmed. For the search for answers, a non-experimental, descriptive, explanatory and correlational research process has been carried out. The instrument used to collect the data has been a scale, which has been validated in content and with an excellent Cronbach's alpha (.902). The construct validity has been carried out with an exploratory factorial analysis (EFA). The sample has been of 598 students of Master's Degree in Teacher Training and the last year (4th) of the Primary Education Degree from the University of Jaen (Spain). It can be concluded that there is a relationship between the different forms of teacher training, from the correlational analysis the highest coefficient is between teacher training and teacher training in ecology and teacher training in inclusive education. From the CFA it is confirmed that this correlation is a very strong one, so that inclusion and ecology should be central axes in all teacher training, on the other hand, it concludes the low relationship between teacher training and teacher training in times of pandemic, so that, at least in theory, Covid-19 should not affect teacher training.

Study of the Entrepreneurial Attitudes of STEM Students

The Entrepreneurial Promotion Programs in Higher Education carry out training activities with the aim of promoting the entrepreneurial spirit among university students. These programs promote skills such as innovation and creativity which improve self-employment among young people, but do not usually modify the entrepreneurial attitude. This work presents the entrepreneurial profile of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) students at the University of Jaen (Spain). The study focuses on the results of the self-diagnostic survey of the Ministry of Industry, Trade and Tourism and the DG for Industry and Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise. The results have been analysed according to gender, age and Bachelor’s Degree specialty. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) test and the Pearson’ s correlation test was used for factor analysis and correlations. The results indicate that students have high entrepreneurial attitudes, although there are no significant differences in age and gender. On the other hand, statistically differences have been found based on the engineering expertise area. Students of the specialty in Industrial Electronics Engineering have higher attitudes regarding creativity and innovation that are key for entrepreneurship.

Relation of the ICT with neuroeducation, inclusion, pluriculturality and environmental education through a Confirmatory Factorial Analysis study

The present work aims to analyze the relationship of ICT with neuroeducation, educational inclusion, environmental education and pluriculturality through Confirmatory Factor Analysis (Structural Equation Model – SEM) of a created ad hoc and a validated and confirmed scale. For the search for answers, a non-experimental, descriptive, explanatory and correlational research process was carried out. The instrument used to collect the data was a Likert scale, which has been validated in content and with a good Cronbach's alpha (.825). The construct validity was carried out with an exploratory factorial analysis (KMO (.764), Bartlett (Sign.000), Determinant (2.891E-30)). The sample was of 292 students of Master’s Degree in Teacher Training from the University of Jaen (Spain). The Confirmatory Factorial Analysis (SEM) allowed us to conclude that this relationship is possible, with greater strength between education technologies and educational inclusion, and between the former and pluriculturality, and with less strength between environmental education and neuroeducation, what should be taken into account to implement in university training programs.

Technological and pluricultural teacher training for a quality educational inclusion

The present work aims to establish the links that may exist between technological training and multicultural training of teachers with educational inclusion. The research design is non-experimental, explanatory and correlational, with a quantitative method. A reliable and content-validated Likert-type scale has been used. The sample used is 594 subjects, formed by university students in their last year of Primary Education and graduate students (Master of Teacher Training) (University of Jaen, Spain). An exploratory factorial analysis was carried out which validated the scale's construct and which allows us to conclude that greater value is given to foreign training than to national training, and furthermore, little value is given to teacher training as a key to an educational system in accordance with the 21st century. Spearman's Rho was applied, where the significant correlation between the training provided by non-university institutions and pluricultural training can be observed. Structural equation modeling (SEM) concludes by demonstrating the strong relationship between inclusive and pluricultural teacher education, and between the latter and technology, with a weak relationship between technology and general teacher education.

Eficacia de un programa de formación en competencias digitales aplicado a estudiantes del grado de magisterio en educación primaria basado en el modelo Affective elearning+

Introducción. El presente estudio analiza las diferencias estadísticamente significativas existentes en el grado de dominio de la competencia digital, contemplada desde 4 dimensiones y criterios de desempeño (navegación y resolución de problemas; disposiciones legales, derechos de autor y licencias; desarrollo y creación de contenido e interacción y gestión de la identidad digital), existente entre los estudiantes del grupo que participó en un programa de formación online basado en el modelo Affective eLearning+, y aquellos que actuaron de control. El plan formativo evaluado se llevó a cabo durante el desarrollo del proyecto I+D+i denominado Evaluación y desarrollo de dos competencias genéricas en estudiantes de primer año del grado de maestro en educación primaria, que finalizaron algo más de un centenar de estudiantes del Grado de Magisterio de Educación Primaria de las Facultades de Educación de la Universidad de Oviedo, la Universidad de Jaén y en el Centro Universitario SAFA (adscrito a la Universidad de Jaén). Método. Se aplicó un cuestionario de creación propia pretest-postest tanto al grupo experimental como control y se analizaron los resultados con las pruebas estadísticas de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Levene y t de Student. Resultados. Las diferencias significativas obtenidas tras aplicar el programa entre los grupos experimental y control presentan un balance claramente favorable en 9 de los 13 desempeños competenciales trabajados es decir del 70% de las competencias evaluadas. Discusión. Ello subraya que el modelo Affective eLearnig+ es eficaz para desarrollar competencias profesionales digitales en un clima de bienestar y satisfacción en las personas a las que se aplica. Introduction. This study analyzes the statistically significant differences in the degree of mastery of digital competence, contemplated from 4 dimensions and performance criteria (navigation and resolution of problems, legal provisions, copyrights and licenses, development and creation of content and interaction and management of digital identity), existing among students of the group that participated in an online training program based on the Affective eLearning+ model, and those who acted as control. The training plan evaluated was carried out during the development of the R + D + i project called Evaluation and development of two generic competences in first year students of the grade of teacher in primary education, which ended something more than a hundred of students of the Degree of Teaching of Primary Education of the Faculties of Education of the University of Oviedo, the University of Jaén and in the University Center SAFA (attached to the University of Jaén). Method. A pre-test-posttest self-created questionnaire was applied to both the experimental and control groups and the results were analyzed with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Levene and t-Student statistical tests. Results. The significant differences obtained after applying the program between the experimental and control groups present a clearly favorable balance in 9 of the 13 competences performed, that is, 70% of the evaluated competences. Discussion. This emphasizes that the Affective eLearning+ model is effective in developing digital professional skills in a climate of well-being and satisfaction of the people to whom it applies.