Gaziantep University Research Articles

Increased Nitrosative Stress and Oxidative DNA Damage in Patients with Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

Carbon monoxide (CO) remains the most common cause of lethal poisoning around the world. Influence of the brain, which is the most susceptible organ of hypoxia in patients with CO poisoning (COP), is a determining factor of the severity of the clinical condition and mortality. In this study, we aimed to investigate nitric oxide (NO•), peroxynitrite (ONOOˉ), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in the serum of patients with COP during admission and treatment processes. The study was conducted prospectively on 36 patients who were admitted to Gaziantep University Medical Faculty Emergency Medicine Department between November 2015 and March 2016 due to COP. The serum samples were prepared for all the COP patients on admission. They were repeated at 180th min of treatment. The samples were taken once from the control group. We showed that admission levels of NO˙, ONOOˉ, and 8-OHdG, and NOS activity in patients with COP were higher than those observed at 180th min. These values were also higher in COP patients compared to control group. These findings suggested that nitrosative stress might play a role in the pathophysiology of COP and increase DNA damage.

Evaluation of Water Usage Attitudes and Behaviors of the 1st and 6th grade students of Gaziantep University Faculty of Medicine

Evaluation of Water Usage Attitudes and Behaviors of the 1st and 6th grade students of Gaziantep University Faculty of Medicine

Anxiety levels, quality of life and related socio-demographic factors in patients with type 2 diabetes.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between anxiety level and quality of life in patients with diabetes mellitus and the sociodemographic factors affecting them. This cross-sectional study enrolled 150 patients with DM who presented to the endocrinology clinic of Gaziantep University Şahinbey Research and Training Hospital for outpatient treatment between March 2017 and April 2017. The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Eortc-Qlqc30 Quality of Life Scale (EORTC- QLQ-C30) were used to evaluate anxiety levels and quality of life of the patients. The mean score of the patients obtained from BAI was 18 ± 13 and 51.4 ± 26 from EORTC- QLQ-C30. Mean body mass index of patients' was 27.03. There was a statistically significant negative correlation between BAI and EORTC QLQ-C30 (r:-0.359) and sub scales in terms of physical function (r: -0.253), emotional function (r: -0.201), role function (r: -0.308), cognitive function (r: -0.309) (P < 0.05). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between BAI and the symptom subscales of EORTC QLQ-C30 in terms of pain score (r: 0.276), fatigue score (r: 0.305), dyspnea score (r: 0.198), insomnia score (r: 0.247), loss of appetite score (r: 0.216) (P < 0.05). A negative relationship was determined between anxiety levels and quality of life. Age, marital status, number of spouses, co inhabitants at home, educational status, living place were related with both quality of life and anxiety levels of DM patients. Increasing the psychosocial support systems of individuals with DM may reduce their anxiety levels and increase quality of life.

Diş Hekimliği Öğrencilerinde Akademik Motivasyon ve Akademik Öz Yeterliğin Akademik Başarıya Etkisinin Araştırılması: Analitik Bir Çalışma

Objective: Dentistry students have many academic duties and responsibilities that they must perform and succeed during their university life. Successful and productive learning is closely related to academic motivation and academic self-efficacy. However, in order to be a good dentist, dental students must be successful in theoretical and clinical fields. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of academic motivation and academic self-efficacy beliefs of dentistry students and to evaluate the effect of these factors on academic achievement. Material and Methods: This study was conducted on 346 students studying at Gaziantep University Faculty of Dentistry in 2018-2019 academic year. The data of the study was collected by using three measurement tools: Descriptive Characteristics form, Academic Motivation Scale and Academic Self-efficacy Scale. The obtained data were evaluated by using SPSS 22 program, Students' t test, ANOVA test, Kruskal-Wallis test and correlation analysis. Results: The students' self-efficacy beliefs (16.8±3.8), total academic motivation level (66.9±12.3) and the sub-dimensions; selfexceeding (23.2±4.2), discovery (24.3±4.9) and use of knowledge (19.3±4.8) mean scores were high, and there was a negative correlation between academic motivation and self-efficacy (p <0.05). In addition, there was a positive correlation between academic motivation and academic achievement (p <0.05). Conclusion: The students can be more successful in education if their academic motivation is supported. In addition, it should be examined how these features should be gained in longitudinal prospective studies.

Evaluation of mean platelet volume and distribution width in childhood Infectious Mononucleosis

Aim: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an infectious agent that affects more than 95% of the world’s population and is usually diagnosed through characteristic clinical findings, hematologic changes in complete blood counts, and atypical lymphocytes in peripheral smears. A definitive diagnosis requires serological confirmation of the EBV infection. This study intends to investigate the relationship between the mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW) and plateletcrit (PCT) values, which are platelet indices that can be used as markers of inflammation in different inflammatory diseases, and the EBV-associated infectious mononucleosis (IM) disease.Material and Methods: A total of 54 patients (30 males, 24 females) with EBV-associated infectious mononucleosis diagnosed at the Department of Pediatrics, University of Gaziantep University between January 2015 and June 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Meanwhile, 68 age and gender-matched children were involved as the control group. White blood cell (WBC), hemoglobin (Hb), MPV, PDW and PCT values were compared across the patient and control group.Results: While the MPV values of the EBV-associated IM patient group were significantly high, the PDW values were significantly low (p0.001). The mean (WBC) counts of the IM patients were higher than those of the control group (p0.001). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of PCT, platelet and Hb values. Conclusion: According to our findings, PDW and particularly MPV may be useful markers of inflammation during EBV-associated IM.

Internalized stigmatization and quality of life in patients with bipolar disorders and schizophrenia

Aim: In this study the aim was to compare internalized stigmatization and quality of life between bipolar disorder and schizophrenia patients who were in remission.Material and Methods: Patients who were admitted to the psychiatry outpatient clinic of Gaziantep University Faculty with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder or schizophrenia according to DSM-5 were included in this cross sectional study. Assessment tools were the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Measurement Instrument Short Form.Results: Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder groups were compared according to assessment tools. 58 bipolar disorder and 52 schizophrenia patients were included in the study. The Quality of Life of patients with bipolar disorder was found to be higher than patients with schizophrenia according to mental domain (p = 0.006) and social relationships domain (p = 0.050). Internalized Stigma of schizophrenia patients was higher than patients with bipolar disorder (p = 0.030). Internalized Stigma was higher in female patients with schizophrenia than female patients with bipolar disorder (p = 0.006). There were no significant differences between male schizophrenia patients and patients with bipolar disorder according to quality of life. Conclusion: Internalized stigmatization is a problem that should be considered in schizophrenia patients, especially in female schizophrenia patients. Internalized stigmatization may result in decreased quality of life in schizophrenia.

GAZIANTEP YÖRESINDE YAŞAMIŞ HALK EDEBIYATINA KATKIDA BULUNAN OZAN VE ARAŞTIRMACILAR

Gaziantep, which is an important culture and art center, hosted important minstrel, researcher and academician who contributed to folk literature with its rich cultural accumulation in the region. In this study, short life stories, works and articles with indexed articles of folk poets, researchers and academicians who have contributed to folk literature in Gaziantep region will be examined. Deli Boran, Şakir Sabri Yener, Ömer Asım Aksoy, Onat Kutlar, Ülkü Tamer, Cemil Cahit Güzelbey, Asik Mızarlı Mehmet; Mehmet Kara, Celal Şenocak, Âşık Gül Ahmet, Professor Behiye Köksel, Professor Mehmet Erol and Associated Professor Mustafa Gültekin will be researched in the study. Deli Boran, Şakir Sabri Yener, Ömer Asım Aksoy, Cemil Cahit Güzelbey, Onat Kutlar, Ülkü Tamer, and Minstrel Mızarlı Mehmet have lived in the last century and have made important contributions to folk literature and have made a significant impact on the entire geography. It is seen that many studies have been done on behalf of Şakir Sabri Yener, Ömer Asım Aksoy, Cemil Cahit Güzelbey, Onat Kutlar, Ülkü Tamer and the works written by researchers are cited hundreds of times in Google Scholar. Mehmet Kara and Celal Şenocak, who have lived and worked in Gaziantep in recent years, participated in and contributed to the social-cultural activities of the province, are academicians who work with the lives and works of Gül Ahmet Yiğit and as academicians at Gaziantep University Professor Behiye Köksel, Professor Mehmet Erol and Associated Professor Mustafa Gültekin made important contributions to folk literature with his articles and books, each of which was cited by tens of references.

Determination of serum vitamin D status of mothers and newborns and related outcomes

AbstractVitamin D deficiency (VDD) has been associated with severe adverse health outcomes during pregnancy is increasingly recognised as a public health concern and maternal and infant VDD is closely associated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the magnitude of VDD and associated factors in pregnant women and newborns in the postpartum period. A cross-sectional study was carried out in a total of 66 pregnant women at &gt; 37 weeks of gestation and newborns at the Gaziantep University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Gaziantep, Turkey. Demographic characteristics, 24-h dietary recalls, intake of food supplements were determined in pregnant women, maternal and newborn anthropometric measurements and serum (25-OHD) levels were assessed. Mean age (± SD) of pregnant women was 28.8 ± 6.9 years. Although Turkey has “National Vitamin D Supplementation Programme for Pregnant Women” only 33.3% of women had VD supplementation during pregnancy, not all in the recommended levels (1200 IU/day). Mean (± SD) serum 25(OH)D levels in pregnant women and cord blood of newborns were 17.3 ± 9.0 ng/mL [non-supplemented women (NSW): 16.5 ± 7.9 ng/mL; supplemented women (SW): 18.8 ± 11.0 ng/mL] and 16.6 ± 9.9 ng/mL [newborns of non-supplemented women (NNSW): 13.9 ± 8.7 ng/mL and newborns of supplemented women (NSW): 22.1 ± 10.1 ng/mL], respectively. Vitamin D severe deficiency (&lt; 10 ng/dL) was noted in 22.7%, deficiency (11–19 ng/mL) 51.5%, insufficiency (20–29 ng/mL) 15.2% and sufficiency (≥ 30 ng/mL) 10.6% of the women whereas severe deficiency, deficiency, insufficiency and sufficiency respectively, were determined in 33.3%, 39.5%, 13.6% and 13.6% of newborns (NNSW vs NSW, p = 006, p &lt; 0.05). Median serum VD levels of NSW were statistically higher than NNSW (p = 0.000, p &lt; 0.05). Out of total, 86.4% of women were dressing traditionally covered, and had lower serum VD level (p = 0.049, p &gt; 0.05). SW had higher median body weight (p = 0.026) and body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.036) levels than NSW (p &lt; 0.05). No statistically significant differences were found between anthropometric measurements of NNSW and NSW groups, although birth weights of NNSW and NSW groups were determined as 3005.1 ± 456.1 g and 3153 ± 422.5 g (p &gt; 0.05), respectively. Maternal serum vitamin D levels strongly were correlated with newborn levels. Maternal vitamin D deficiency is a great problem and “National Vitamin D Supplementation Programme for Pregnant Women and Infants” should be effectively implemented and monitored. Also fortification programme should be a national policy.

TALASEMİ MAJOR TANISI İLE İZLENEN ÇOCUKLARDA ENDOKRİN KOMPLİKASYONLARIN ARAŞTIRLMASI

Background/aim: Thalassemia constitutes the most common disease group in the systemic involvement in hemoglobinopathies. With the development of new treatment methods, the accumulation of possible endocrine complications is observed more frequently, with an increase in the lifetime of cases. The most common cause of endocrine complications is a natural result of hemolytic processes, as well as excessive accumulation of iron in the endocrine organs with transfusions. Southeasthern Anatolia is a region where thalassemia major patients are relatively intense and there is no report on endocrine evaluations of these patients so far. The aim of the study is to evaluate the children who were followed up with the diagnosis of Thalassemia Major in terms of endocrine complications. It is the first study to determine the current situation in our research region. Material and Method: The study included 32 children, ages 1-18, who applied to the Gaziantep University Faculty of Medicine Children's Endocrine Clinic between 2011-2015 years. Children participating in the study were evaluated in terms of growth, pubertal development, adrenal insufficiency, hypothyroidism, diabetes development, and osteroporosis as a scale of the endocrine approach. For evaluation, ACTH, Cortisol, DHEASParathormone, calcium, phosphorus, ALP, Vitamin D, FSH, LH, Estradiol Testesteron, IGF-1, GH, IGFBP, HbA1C, C-peptide fasting glucose, Islet Cell Antibodies, DEXA, pelvic USG, Bone Age, fT4, TSH, anti-TPO, anti TG tests were studied. Standard T test was used for the significance test between variables, and Pearson correlation tests were used for correlation between chi-square, ferrtin and complications. Results: Of the patients were 14 (43.7%) female and 18 (56.3%) male. The average age was 12.33 ± 4.34. The average height was 136.23 ± 25.34 (mean height SDS -2.17 ± 1.44), the average weight was 36.23 ± 13.23 (average weight SDS -2.44 ± 1.30). Short stature in 17 (53.1%) of cases, low weight in 22 (68.7%), regression in pubertal development in 20 (62.5%), mild adrenal insufficiency in 2 (6.2%), 3 (9.3%) hypothyroidism, 2 diabetes, (6.2%), 5 (15.6%) impaired glucose tolerance, and 25 (78%) osteoporosis. DEXA mean was DEXA ortalama -3,12±1,02. A positive correlation was found between the disease duration of the ferritin height and the complications ((rhastalık süresi=863, p&lt;0.001 and (rkomplikasyon= 0.668, p&lt;0.001, respectively). Conclusion: This study reveals that endocrine complications are correlated with disease duration and ferritin level in children with the diagnosis of Thalassemia Major. This result reveals the necessity of monitoring endocrine complications more closely in Thalassemia Major.

Gaziantep’te kentleşme ve kentsel nüfusun dağılışı

Bu çalışmada Gaziantep Kenti’ndeki kentleşme süreci 19272018 dönemi boyunca ele alınmakta ve kentli nüfusun dağılım düzeni mahalle ölçeğinde ortaya konulmaktadır. Çalışmanın esas amacı, Gaziantep’in kent olarak şekillenmesinde etkili olan faktörleri ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bunun yanı sıra, kentte nüfusun dağılış düzenini ele alarak kentin potansiyel gelişim alanlarını belirlemektir. Böylece kent nüfusunun gelecekteki dağılışının kontrol edilmesi veya kentin potansiyel gelişim alanlarının tespit edilmesi nüfusun dağılım düzeninin ortaya konulmasıyla daha da kolay olabilecektir. Elde edilen bulgular, Gaziantep Kenti’nin Türkiye kentleşme hareketlerinin tarihsel süreçte geçirdiği gelişmeleri sergilemesi yanında kendine has bazı özellikler de taşıdığını göstermektedir. Çalışmada kentsel nüfusun dağılımını göstermek için nüfus miktarı ve yoğunluğu haritaları yapılmıştır. Buna göre kentin çekirdek kısmında yer alan mahalleler nüfus kaybetmişlerdir. Bunun en önemli nedeni bu mahallelerin merkezi iş sahası sınırları içerisinde yer alması sebebiyle konut dışı kullanım alanlarının fazla olmasıyla ilişkilidir. Kentin kenarında bulunan mahalleler ise nüfus kazanmışlardır. Bu nüfus artışı daha çok 1980 sonrası kente yapılan göçlerle gerçekleşmiştir. Kente göçle gelen kesimin mahalle tercihlerinde hemşerilik bağları gibi ağ ilişkileri önemli rol oynamıştır. Günümüzde kentin güneyindeki mahalleler nüfusun en fazla olduğu yerleşmelerdir. Bunun sebebi, Gaziantep Üniversitesi’nin ve Tıp Fakültesinin bu bölgede konumlanmış olması, kentin bu istikamette gelişmesi, yeterli talep gören arazi varlığı ve TOKİ uygulamalarıdır.

May electromagnetic field exposure during pregnancy have a negative effect on anthropometric measurements of the newborn?

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the effect of low frequency electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure due to electronic media device (EMD) during pregnancy on the anthropometric measurements of newborn.Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was administered among randomly selected women offering Gaziantep University, Faculty of Medicine’s Department of Pediatrics Outpatient Clinics for any reason between November 2017-May 2018. Four hundred women who have a child aged between 0-5 years old, completed the questionnaire about their pregnancy history. Results: A negative correlation was identified between maternal single mobile phone usage during pregnancy and newborn’s birth weight. Multiple mobile phone (more than mobile phone) usage during pregnancy was negatively correlated with the birth week, birth weight and birth length of the newborn. The head circumference of the newborn was negatively correlated with watching television (TV) and living close to a base station during pregnancy.Conclusion: Watching TV, mobile phone usage and living near a base station during pregnancy may cause negative effect on the anthropometric measurements of the newborn.

The impacts of cognitive distortions of patients diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder on medication adherence

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to determine the impacts of cognitive distortions of patients diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder on medication adherence. Methods: The study was carried out during the dates of 20.01.2019 and 20.05.2019 on patients diagnosed with anxiety who applied to the Gaziantep University Sahinbey Research and Application Hospital Psychiatry Polyclinic as outpatients and inpatients. Personal Informa-tion Form, Cognitive Distortions Scale and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale were used for assessment. The patients were divided into two groups as those with low treatment adherence and those with moderate/high treatment adherence. Results: Of the 96 patients, 20.8% were in the 25-29 age groups with %58 females. 46.9% were married and the education level of 35.4% was primary school. There were no significant differences between cognitive distortions and treatment compliance in the total evaluation of cognitive distortions related to interpersonal relationships and distortions related to personal achievement (p>0.05). There was a significant differences between treatment adherence and cognitive distortions in minimizing/neglecting the positive in interpersonal relationships in terms of the evaluation of each cognitive distortions (p=0.03).Discussion: Minimizing/neglecting the positive cogni- tive distortion were negatively correlated with treatment compliance. In combination of pharmacotherapy and cognitive therapies, the detection and prioritization of distortions primarily related to minimizing/neglecting the positive may contribute to the effectiveness of treatment

Simulation in virtual reality: Robotic training and surgical applications

Two case studies are performed in this study; one with 4-dof robotic system, the other 6-dof industrial robot arm . Both robot arms are actually operated in Mechatronics Laboratory, Gaziantep University. Different motion trajectories are designed, and implemented for training, medical tasks and surgical operations base. Simulations are built by using VR Toolbox in Matlab. Virtual reality environment is achieved through Simulink with real time examples . The motions and trajectories necessary for training and surgical applications are directly seen. This enables the surgeons training with many benefits; greater control during tasks reduced training periods, possibility of error free tasks for example.

Öğretmen Adaylarının Girişimcilik Özellikleriyle Öğretmen Öz-yeterlikleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi: Gaziantep Üniversitesi Örneği

This study was carried out to determine the relationships and differences between teacher self-efficacy and teacher entrepreneurship characteristics of teacher candidates who are studying at Education Faculties. For the purpose of the study, data were collected from the students of two different faculties of education affiliated with Gaziantep University. Correlation analysis performed on the data set showed that there was a positive and statistically significant relationship between teacher candidates' entrepreneurial tendencies and teacher self-efficacy. In addition, the t-test revealed that there were significant differences between the students of Gaziantep Faculty of Education and Nizip Faculty of Education with respect to both entrepreneurship and teacher self-efficacy levels. It was found that the t-test on the gender variable of the prospective teachers differed significantly in terms of entrepreneurial characteristics and teacher self-efficacy in terms of statistically significant difference between men and women. Psychological Counseling and Guidance, Classroom, Social Studies, Mathematics, Turkish and English Language Teaching Departments, which are part of the study, were statistically differentiated statistically in terms of entrepreneurship and teacher self-efficacy. It is possible to think that the motives that improve teacher trainees' entrepreneurship characteristics and the motives that elevate their teacher self-efficacy are the same or similar. This should be considered in the context of curriculum and syllabus design given in the faculties of education of teachers. Thus, it will be possible to educate individuals who are both better trained professionally and who can respond to the needs of the era at a higher level .

Determination of Wnt, β-catenin, TGF – β and Cyclin D1 expression levels in uterine leiomyoma

Amaç: Uterin leiomyomlar oldukça sık görülen östrojen ve progesterone bağımlı benign tümörlerdir. Üreme çağındaki kadınlarda görülebilir ve düzensiz uterin kanama, şiddetli anemi, tekrarlayan gebelik kaybı gibi ciddi problemlere sebep olurlar. Her leiomyomun, tek bir mutasyona uğramış myometrial düz kas kök hücresinden kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir. Bununla birlikte östrojen/progesteronun leiomyoma büyümesini nasıl düzenlediği bilinmemektedir. Bu çalışmada Wnt, β-katenin, TGF–β, siklin D1 genlerinin uterin leiomyom progresyoundaki etkilerinin gösterilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Gaziantep Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Anabilim Dalı’na başvuran ve leiomyoma tanısı alan 70 hasta ile 66 sağlıklı bireyden alınan dokular çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Hasta ve sağlıklı gruplar arasında genlerin ekspresyon farklılıkları kantitatif Realtime PCR ile yapılmıştır.Bulgular: Hastaların ortalama yaşının 44,1±6,8 yıl olduğu bulunmuştur. Sigara içen hasta sayısının toplamda 8% olduğu ve gruplar arasında sigara kullanımı açısından fark olmadığı saptanmıştır. Uterin leiomyom tanısına sahip hastalarda Wnt, β-katenin, TGF–β, siklin D1 genlerinin ekspresyon düzeylerinde sağlıklı gruba göre belirgin bir artış olduğu istatistiksel olarak tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada Wnt, β-katenin, TGF–β, siklin D1’in östrojen/progesteron’un leiomyoma oluşumu ve büyümesinde kritik bir parakrin rolü olduğunu ortaya konulmuştur.

Students’ Learning Styles, Self-efficacy and its Correlation with their Social Interaction

This cross-sectional study has been prepared to investigate the self-efficacy levels and preferred learning styles of EFL learners at Gaziantep University School of Foreign Languages GUSFL along with revealing the relationship between these two variables and the learners’ social interaction. The present study was conducted in March of 2017-2018 academic year. The participants are students, who are learning English as a foreign language. The total number of participants is 312 from different nationalities, but mainly Turkish and Syrian, male and female. Before start applying the questionnaire, the tool’s three variables were checked and proved their reliability (Learning Styles =, 732; Social Interactions =, 799; Self-Efficacy =, 900). The next step was conducting the questionnaire. It’s worth mentioning that elements such as gender, nationality, proficiency level and age were taken into consideration while collecting and analyzing the data. The results indicated that learners use various learning styles and don’t rely on a particular one. However, the logical learning style registered the highest score (20,416) whereas, the lowest learning style was the reading and writing learning style (16,737). As for the student’s self-efficacy level, the participants showed a high level of self-efficacy (30,096 with a standard deviation of 6,498) especially the male participants where the results indicated a statistically significant difference in favour for men (p&gt;, 05). Furthermore, as the study is concerned with uncovering any possible relationship between these three variables, the analyzed data has shown that there is a positive relationship between the learners’ preferred learning styles, their self-efficacy, and their social interaction. The article highlights how these variables are correlated with each other. Additionally, the results showed a major difference between Turkish and non-Turkish participants in terms of their social interaction.

Scale Development Study: Hedonistic Eating Scale

Aim: Obesity is a condition where genetic, behavioral and environmental factors are found together. The study was performed in order to develop the “Hedonistic Eating Scale (HES)” for the determination of the hedonistic eating habits levels of individuals with obesity. Methods: The study was performed with a methodological design. The study was carried out in Gaziantep University Hospital's obesity outpatient clinic between April and June 2018. Context, structural, criterion validity and internal consistency reliability and test-retest validity-reliability analysis were performed. The statistical meaningfulness level in all tests was determined as p&amp;lt;0.05. Results: As a result of context validity, factor analysis and item analysis, a 15 item scale with one component was obtained. In the scale, the variance amount explained by the one component was on good level (68.02%). The fact that all of the Cronbach alpha, Spearman-Brown and Guttman internal consistency coefficient of the scale are above 0.70. When the test retest reliability coefficients of the whole scale were examined, the scale was found to present consistent results in different applications and the scale was found to be reliable with regard to the constancy coefficient. Conclusion: The “Hedonistic Eating Scale (HES)”, which was just added to literature, is a valid and reliable tool that can be used to evaluate hedonistic eating habits levels in individuals with obesity.

Sociodemographic, Socioeconomic and Clinical Risk Factors for Chronic Otitis Media in Childreen

Aim:The aim of present study is to identify COM-related clinic, sociodemographic and socioeconomic risk factors.Method: 103 children diagnosed for COM and treated in Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University during 2005-2015 and 116 healthy children were included in this study. The questionnaire about risk factors of COM were filled by interviewing verbatim with mothers and/or fathers of all children. Result: Patient and control groups were composed of 53 boys (51.5%) and 50 girls (48.5%), and 48 boys (41.4%) and 68 girls (58.6%), respectively. The mean age of patients was 13.1 years (range, 2-16), and the mean age of the control group was 12.05 years (range, 6-16). Multiple logistic regression models and univariate analysis were used to determine association between risk factors and COM. Maternal smoking during pregnancy (p=0.014), otitis media history in the first year of life (p=0.001), recurrent otitis media history (p=0.001), upper respiratory tract infection history in the first year of life (p=0.001), ventilation tube insertion history (p=0.001), tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy history (p=0.001), otitis media history in family members (p=0.008) and lack of health insurance (p=0.001) were found to be significantly associated with COM. In multivariate analysis, otitis media history in the first year of life (OR=8,00, %95 CI= [3,34-19,17], p=0.001), father’s otitis media history (OR=8.43, %95 CI= [1,47-48,42], p=0.017) and lack of health insurance (OR=3,09 %95 CI=[1,35-7,11], p=0.008) were significantly associated with COM. Conclusion: Chronic otitis media (COM) is a long-term inflammation of middle ear that leads to irreversible changes in eardrum. COM is a common disease in children, and if not treated, it may cause severe complications and sequelae. Thus, if risk factors causing COM are elucidated, the potential complications might be prevented and prophylactic strategies can be developed. This study indicated that history of otitis media in the first year of life, having a father with history of otitis media and lack of health insurance are risk factors for COM.

The Investigation of Predictive Relationships between Loneliness, Internet Addiction, and Mindfulness through the Structural Equation Model

Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the predictive relationships between loneliness, Internet addiction, and mindfulness. Method: The study group consisted of 507 university students studying at Gaziantep University. Of the participants, 352 (69.4%) were female and 155 (30.6%) were male. UCLA Loneliness Scale, Internet Addiction Scale, and Mindfulness Scale were used for data collection. Firstly, the normal distribution of data is examined. Then correlation analysis on loneliness was conducted in order to determine the relationship between Internet addiction and mindfulness. The structural equation was used to measure loneliness in order to determine the predictive relationship between Internet addiction and mindfulness. Results: The results of the study showed that loneliness was negatively correlated with mindfulness, and there was a positive correlation that Internet addiction and mindfulness have a negative relationship with Internet addiction. According to the structural equation model, it was observed that loneliness predicted Internet addiction in a positive way and mindfulness in a negative way. Mindfulness predicts Internet addiction in a negative way. The loneliness has also been found to have an indirect effect on Internet addiction via the mindfulness variable.

Efficacy and Safety of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Adolescents: A Retrospective Chart Review Study From Turkey.

The aim of this study was to report the efficacy and safety of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in manic, depressed, psychotic, and catatonic adolescent patients. Medical records of 78 adolescents who had received ECT in Department of Psychiatry, Gaziantep University Medical Faculty, during 2011 to 2017 were reviewed. Sixty-two subjects in this sample were identified to have complete records and met the study inclusion criteria. The mean ± SD age of subjects was 17.11 ± 1.04 years and female sex was 53.2% (n = 33). Primary the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision or the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition diagnoses were bipolar mood disorders (n = 33, 53.2%), major depressive disorder (n = 16, 25.8%), schizophrenia (n = 8, 12.9%), and schizoaffective disorders (n = 5, 8.1%). Electroconvulsive therapy was significantly effective in treating manic, depressive, psychotic, and catatonia symptoms as evidenced by significant differences in pretreatment and posttreatment scores in outcome measures including Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Young Mania Rating Scale, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, and Clinical Global Impression-Severity Scale (P < 0.001). Presence of comorbidity adversely affected treatment response (P = 0.001). However, ECT was also effective in those with comorbid diagnoses (P < 0.001). Depressive symptoms in patients with bipolar depression responded better than those with unipolar depression (P = 0.012). Electroconvulsive therapy was generally safe with subjective memory complaints (85%), headache (69%), and prolonged seizure (8%) as the reported adverse effects possibly related to ECT. Four subjects (6%) developed a manic switch during ECT. Electroconvulsive therapy is an effective and a safe treatment option in adolescent patients with severe and resistant psychopathology. Although comorbidity may decrease treatment response, ECT seems to be effective even in the presence of multiple psychiatric diagnoses.